The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Bhikkhaka [fr. bhikkhu, Cp. Epic Sk. bhik+uka & f. bhik+uk"] a beggar, mendicant S i.182 (bh. br!hma*a);
J vi.59 (v. l. BB. ˚uka); VbhA 327.
Bhikkhati
Bhikkhati [cp. Vedic bhik+ate, old desid. to bhaj; def. Dhtp 13 "y!cane"] to beg alms, to beg, to ask for S
i.176, 182 (so read for T. bhikkhavo); Dh 266; VbhA 327. -- ppr. med. bhikkham!na Th 2, 123.
Bhikkh!
Bhikkh! (f.) [cp. Epic & Class. Sk. bhaik+a of bhik+, adj. & nt.] begged food, alms, alms -- begging; food
Vin iv.94; Cp i.14; Vv 704 (ek!h! bh. food for one day); Miln 16; PvA 3, 75, 131 (ka&acchu˚); bhikkh!ya
carati to go out begging food [cp. Sk. bhaik+a' carati] J iii.82; v.75; PvA 51 & passim. -- subhikkha (nt.)
abundance of food D i.11. dubbhikkha (nt.) (& ˚! f.) scantiness of alms, famine, scarcity of food, adj.
famine -- stricken (cp. Sk. durbhik+a') Vin ii.175; iii.87 (adj.); iv.23 (adj.); S iv.323, 324 (dv"hitika'); A
i.160; iii.41; J ii.149, 367; v.193; vi.487; Cp i.33 (adj.); Vism 415 (˚p")ita), 512 (f. in simile); KhA 218;
DhA i.169; ii.153 (f.); iii.437 (˚bhaya). -- !h!ra food received by a mendicant J i.237 (=bhikkhu -- !h!ra?).
-- cariy! going about for alms, begging round Sn 700; PvA 146. -- c!ra=˚cariy! Mhbv 28. -- paññatti
declaration of alms, announcement that food is to be given to the Sangha, a dedication of food Vin i.309.
Bhikkhu
Bhikkhu [cp. later Sk. bhik+u, fr. bhik+] an almsman, a mendicant, a Buddhist monk or priest, a bhikkhu. nom. sg. bhikkhu freq. passim; Vin iii.40 (vu..hapabbajita); A i.78 (thera bh., an elder bh.; and nava bh.
a young bh.); iii.299 (id.); iv.25 (id.); Sn 276, 360, 411 sq., 915 sq., 1041, 1104; Dh 31, 266 sq., 364 sq.,
378; Vv 801; acc. bhikkhu' Vin iii.174; Dh 362, & bhikkhuna' Sn 87, 88, 513; gen. dat. bhikkhuno A
i.274; Sn 221, 810, 961; Dh 373; Pv i.1010; & bhikkhussa A i.230; Vin iii.175; instr. bhikkhun! Sn 389. pl.
nom. bhikkh( Vin ii.150; iii.175; D iii.123; Vism 152 (in sim.); VbhA 305 (compared with amaccaputt!) &
bhikkhavo Sn 384, 573; Dh 243, 283; acc. bhikkhu Sn p. 78; M i.84; Vv 2210; & bhikkhavo Sn 384, 573;
gen. dat. bhikkh(na' Vin iii.285; D iii.264; Sn 1015; Pv ii.17; & bhikkhuna' S i.190; Th 1, 1231; instr.
bhikkh(hi Vin iii.175; loc. bhikkh(su A iv.25, & bhikkhusu Th 1, 241, 1207; Dh 73; voc. bhikkhave (a
M!gadh" form of nom. bhikkhava1) Vin iii.175; Sn p. 78; VvA 127; PvA 8, 39, 166; & bhikkhavo Sn 280,
385. There are several allegorical etymologies (definitions) of the word bhikkhu, which occur frequently in
the commentaries. All are fanciful interpretations of the idea of what a bhikkhu is or should be, and these
qualities were sought and found in the word itself. Thus we mention here the foll. (a) bhikkhu=
bhinnakilesa ("one who has broken the stains" i. e. of bad character) VbhA 328; VvA 29, 114, 310; PvA 51.
(b) Another more explicit expln is "sattanna' dhamm!na' bhinnatt! bhikkhu" (because of the breaking
or destroying of 7 things, viz. the 7 bad qualities, leading to rebirth, consisting of sakk!yadi&&hi, vicikicch!,
s"labbata -- par!m!sa, r!ga, dosa, moha, m!na). This def. at Nd1 70=Nd2 477a. -- (c) Whereas in a & b the
first syllable bhi( -- kkhu) is referred to bhid, in this def. it is referred to bh" (to fear), with the further
reference of (bh -- ) ikkh(u) to "k+ (to see), and bhikkhu defined as "sa's!re bhaya' ikkhati ti bh." Vism 3,
16 (sa's!re bhaya' ikkha*at!ya v! bhinna -- pa&a -- dharadit!ya v!). -- A very comprehensive def. of the
term is found at Vbh 245 -- 246, where bhikkhu -- ship is established on the ground of 18 qualities
(beginning with samaññ!ya bhikkhu, pa&iññ!ya bh., bhikkhat" ti bh., bhikkhako ti bh., bhikkh!cariya'
ajjhupagato ti bh., bhinna -- pa&a -- dharo ti bh., bhindati p!pake dhamme ti bh., bhinnatt! p!pak!na'
dhamm!nan ti bh. etc. etc.). -- This passage is expld in detail at VbhA 327, 328. -- Two kinds of bhikkhus
are distinguished at Ps i.176; Nd1 465=Nd2 477b, viz. kaly!*a [ -- ka -- ]puthujjana (a layman of good
character) and sekkha (one in training), for which latter the term pa&il"nacara (one who lives in elimination,
i. e. in keeping away from the dangers of worldly life) is given at Nd1 130 (on Sn 810). -- gatika a person
who associates with the bhikkhus (in the Vih!ra) Vin i.148. -- bh!va state of being a monk, monkhood,
bhikkhuship D i.176; Sn p. 102; -- sangha the community of bhikkhus, the Order of friars D iii.208; Sn 403,
1015; Sn p. 101, 102; Miln 209; PvA 19 sq. & passim.
Bhikkhuka