The 12th International Conference on Environmental ... - Events

Session 24-25 Abstracts
6) AREVA DECOMMISSIONING STRATEGY AND PROGRAMME - 16036
Guy Decobert, AREVA (France) Arnaud Gay, AREVA NC (France)
This article is about AREVAs nuclear site dismantling strategy and the presentation of the recent Nuclear Site Value Development
Business Unit main tasks and its projects Created beginning of 2008, this business unit is aimed at the dismantling of the back
end fuel cycle installations. It gathers four main projects : a reprocessing plant UP2 400 on AREVA La Hague site, an other reprocessing
plant UP1 on CEA Marcoule site, a MOX fuel plant on Cadarache and two GCR fuel fabrication plants located on Veurey
and Annecy sites.
<strong>The</strong> main objectives of this business unit are to enhance the feed-back, to contribute to performance improvements, to value
professionals and to put innovation forward.<strong>The</strong>se emerging activities constitute a major know-how for AREVA and will increase
overtime.
7) NUCLEAR POWER PLANT DECOMMISSIONING IN GERMANY -
PROJECTS, REGULATION AND EXPERIENCE - 16359
Leopold Weil, Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS) (Germany);
Bernd Rehs, Federal Office for Radiation Protection (Germany)
In Germany, altogether 19 nuclear power plants (NPPs) and prototype reactors have been permanently shut down. For 15 NPPs
the dismantling is in progress with green-field conditionsas planning target. Two units were completely dismantled and two are in
safe enclosure.
<strong>The</strong> main legal provision for all aspects of the peaceful use of nuclear energy in Germany is the Atomic Energy Act (AtG),
which also contains the basic legal conditions for the decommissioning of nuclear facilities. It stipulates that decommissioning is
subject to a licence by the regulatory body of the respective Federal State (Land).
An emerging decommissioning practice in Germany is the removal of complete undismantled large components and their transport
to interim storage facilities. During the period of storage, the radionuclide inventory of the components will decrease due to
radioactive decay and the subsequent segmentation of the components can be done with less radiation protection effort.
<strong>The</strong> commissioning of the Konrad repository in the near future might have consequences on planning of decommissioning,
regarding the selection of a decommissioning strategy and the waste management.
6) VARIATION OF LIGHT WATER REACTOR DECOMMISSIONING STRATEGIES IN JAPAN - 16113
Takeshi Ishikura, Shigenbu Hirusawa, <strong>The</strong> Institute of Applied Energy (Japan);
Yoshihiko Horikawa, <strong>The</strong> Kansai Electric Power Company (Japan)
<strong>The</strong>re are 55 light water reactors (LWRs) in operation in Japan. Nuclear reactor decommissioning has already started with
Tokai GCR and Fugen heavy water cooled reactor. It is assumed in 2030s that numbers of LWRs start decommissioning year after
year in Japan, supposing that LWRs plant life is 60 years. We should, however, early prepare LWR decommissioning because its
schedule can be accelerated, as exampled by Hamaoka 1&2 BWR which was announced in December 2008 to permanently shut
down.
Japan has carefully prepared for reactor decommissioning in policy, regulation and technology since 1980s. A basic view
including a standard decommissioning process on commercial nuclear power plants was initially proposed by a committee of Ministry
of <strong>International</strong> Trade and Industry (MITI, currently Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, METI) in 1985, in which short
safe storage scenario with early dismantling was recommended in consideration of future site reuse. In 1990, a law on nuclear
power plant dismantling cost reservation was established based on the IAEs cost estimation. In 1987-2004, the former NUPEC had
implemented comprehensive decommissioning technology development. In 2001, a METI committee recommended that the safe
storage period should be flexible depending on site specific condition. In 2005, the law for the regulation of nuclear source material,
nuclear fuel material and reactors (LRNR) was amended to regulate concrete decommissioning procedure including decommissioning
plan to be submitted for regulatory permit. Now it is time for related parties to prepare actual decommissioning strategy
for LWRs.
SESSION 25 - TREATMENT, MANAGEMENT AND RECYCLE OF D&D MATERIALS
1) WASTE REDUCTION BY RE-USE OF LOW ACTIVATED MATERIAL - 16035
Ulrich Ehrlicher, Heinz Pauli, Paul Scherrer Institut (Switzerland)
A multidisciplinary institute, equipped with research reactors and accelerator-driven research installations produces and, in the
case of PSI, collects radioactive waste on one hand and requires material, especially for shielding purpose, on the other hand. <strong>The</strong>
legislative framework for radiation protection, financial reasons and limited storage capacity strongly force Paul Scherrer Institute
and comparable facilities to minimize radioactive waste. Besides free release of inactive components, recycling and re-use of lowlevel
radioactive material in controlled areas are the best means for waste minimization. <strong>The</strong> re-use of slightly activated steel plates
as a shielding material and the recycling of irradiated reactor graphite as a filling material embedded in mortar may give examples
and encouragement for similar activities. Besides the advantages for radiation protection, the financial benefit can be measured in
millions of dollars.
2) ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY FOR OPTIMIZATION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT SCENARIOS
IN NUCLEAR INSTALLATION DECOMMISSIONING PROCESS - 16148
Matej Zachar, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava (Slovakia);
Vladimir Daniska, Deconta, a.s. (Slovakia); Ivan Rehak, Marek Vasko, Decom, a.s.(Slovakia);
Vladimir Necas, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava (Slovakia)
<strong>The</strong> nuclear installation decommissioning process is characterized by production of large amount of various radioactive and
non-radioactive waste that have to be managed, taking into account their physical, chemical, toxic and radiological properties.
Waste management is considered to be one of the key issues in the frame of the decommissioning process.
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