The 12th International Conference on Environmental ... - Events

Abstracts Session 48
As a result of this, a strategy for the simultaneous measurement of both Ce(IV) and Cr(VI) species in the presence of other ions
typically found in process streams (such as Iron, Magnesium Neodymium and Aluminium) has been developed. <strong>The</strong> work presented
will discuss the design and implementation of the electrochemical techniques that we have used in the development of this strategy
and in the measurement of the species in question.
4) TREATMENT OF LIQUID RAW - TRIAL OPERATION OF FINAL TREATMENT CENTER MOCHOVCE - 16178
Tibor Krajc, Milan Zatkulak, Marian Stubna, VUJE, a.s. (Slovakia); Vladimir Remias, JAVYS, a.s., (Slovaki)
<strong>The</strong> Final Treatment Center (FTC) at Mochovce Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) has been introduced to trial operation in 10/2007.
One-year trial operation of facility was planned. <strong>The</strong> Center is designed for treatment of liquid operational RAW and the treatment
of radioactive wastes originated from decommissioning of NPP A-1 in Jaslovské Bohunice is tested, too.
<strong>The</strong> Center and processes parameters are described and a short description of bituminisation and cementation technologies
implemented to FTC including the auxiliary processes is given as well.
<strong>The</strong> time schedule of start-up and trial operation phases is described and discussed. <strong>The</strong> amounts of treated wastes, the production
of waste packages and the balance of raw materials and energy consumption are displayed too.
<strong>The</strong> evaluation of experience gained in the phase of Center trial operation for bituminisation processes (film evaporator process
and the bituminisation of resins) and the cement grouting is a part of this paper.
<strong>The</strong> identification of key interdependences within process parameters and treatment product properties and the fulfillment of
the projected output parameters and required qualitative parameters of individual treated RAW products are displayed.
5) RADIOACTIVE OIL DECONTAMINATION DEVELOPMENT — AN OVERVIEW - 16251
John Krasznai, Kinectrics Inc. (Canada)
Insulating, hydraulic and vacuum pump oils are used extensively in CANDU plants. It is inevitable that at some point in the
equipment life cycle that these oils will become waste products and their disposal needs to be properly managed. <strong>The</strong> presence of
radioactivity and conventional contamination in the oils (mixed waste) pose special challenges to the waste manager.
This paper provides an overview of waste oil streams that have been problematic in the CANDU nuclear industry and the
decontamination processes that were developed for each to effectively remove a variety of radioactive species including tritium as
well as conventional hazardous materials such as PCB, lead and cadmium.
6) INCINERATION OF CONTAMINATED OIL FROM SELLAFIELD - 16246
Craig Broadbent, Studsvik UK Limited (UK); Helen Cassidy, Sellafield Limited (UK);
Anders Stenmark, Studsvik Nuclear AB (Sweden)
Studsvik have been incinerating Low Level Waste (LLW) at its licensed facility in Sweden since the mid-1970s. This process
not only enables the volume of waste to be significantly reduced but also produces an inert residue suitable for final disposal. <strong>The</strong>
facility has historically incinerated only solid dry LLW, however in 2008 an authorisation was obtained to permit the routine incineration
of LLW contaminated oil at the facility.
Prior to obtaining the authorisation to incinerate oils and other organic liquids - both from clean-up activities on the Studsvik
site and on a commercial basis - a development program was established. <strong>The</strong> primary aims of this were to identify the optimum
process set-up for the incinerator and also to demonstrate to the regulating authorities that the appropriate environmental and radiological
parameters would be maintained throughout the new process.
<strong>The</strong> final phase of the development program was to incinerate a larger campaign of contaminated oil from the nuclear industry.
A suitable accumulation of oil was identified on the Sellafield site in Cumbria and a commercial contract was established to
incinerate approximately 40 tonnes of oil from the site. <strong>The</strong> inventory of oil chosen for the trial incineration represented a significant
challenge to the incineration facility as much of it had degraded following years of storage and was from various sources onsite.
In order to transport the contaminated oil from the Sellafield site in the UK to the Studsvik facility in Sweden several challenges
had to be overcome. <strong>The</strong>se included characterisation, packaging and international transportation (under a Transfrontier Shipment
(TFS) authorisation) for one of the first transports of liquid radioactive wastes outside the UK.
<strong>The</strong> incineration commenced in late 2007 and was successfully completed in early 2008. <strong>The</strong> total volume reduction achieved
was greater than 97%, with the resultant ash packaged and returned to the UK (for ultimate disposal at the UK LLWR) in November
2008.
<strong>The</strong> paper will provide additional information on the characterisation, packaging and incineration process as well as describe
the national and international regulatory frameworks applicable to the project.
7) SOLIDIFICATION OF RADIOACTIVE LIQUID WASTES, TREATMENT OPTIONS
FOR SPENT RESINS AND CONCENTRATES - 16405
Andreas Roth, Hansa Projekt Anlagentechnik GmbH (Germany)
Ion exchange is one of the most common and effective treatment methods for liquid radioactive waste. However, spent ion
exchange resins are considered to be problematic waste that in many cases require special approaches and pre-conditioning during
its immobilization to meet the acceptance criteria for disposal. Because of the function that they fulfill, spent ion exchange resins
often contain high concentrations of radioactivity and pose special handling and treatment problems.
Another very common method of liquid radioactive waste treatment and water cleaning is the evaporation or diaphragm filtration.
Both treatment options offer a high volume reduction of the total volume of liquids treated but generate concentrates which
contain high concentrations of radioactivity.
Both mentioned waste streams, spent resins as well as concentrates, resulting from first step liquid radioactive waste treatment
systems have to be conditioned in a suitable manner to achieve stable waste products for final disposal.
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