lg0f{o g+=&(@% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ljz]if Ohnf; dfggLo ...
lg0f{o g+=&(@% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ljz]if Ohnf; dfggLo ... lg0f{o g+=&(@% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ljz]if Ohnf; dfggLo ...
ljjfb ;dfwfg u/fpg] sfo{ l56f] 5l/tf] / z'ne dflgG5 . dWo:yåf/f ljjfb ;dfwfg u/fpg] sfo{ klg /fHosf] Gofokflnsfsf] Ps c+u dflgG5 . ;f] ;DaGwdf ef/tsf] ;jf] {Rr cbfntn] Rohtas Industries vs Its Union sf] d'2fdf dWo:ytfsf] ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhd ljj]rgf u/]sf] b]lvG5 . "It is legitimate to regard such an arbitrator now as part of the methodology of the soverign's dispensation of justice thus falling within the rainbow of statutory tribunals amenable to judicial review." *= cfkm\gf] e" efu leq k|To]s gful/s Pj+ JolQmnfO{ l56f] 5l/tf] / z'ne Gofo k|bfg ug{ ] k|To]s /fi6«sf] ;+j}wflgs st{Jo xf] eg] access to justice k|To]s gful/ssf] df}lns xs xf] . h;/L /fHon] cbfnt vf/]h jf aGb u/L gful/sx?sf] xs k|rng u/fpg] forum z'Go ug{ ;Sb}g, To;} u/L kIfx?n] ljjfb ;dfwfg dWo:yåf/f u/fpg] u/L ;Demf}tf u/]sf]df ;Emf}tfaf6 pTkGg ljjfbnfO{ Ps kIfn] csf] { kIfnfO{ Gofoaf6 al~rt ug] { p2]Zon] dWo:y ;dIf ljjfb g} k]z ug{ gkfpg] u/L dWo:yfsf] u7g g} x'g glbg] k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf s'g} klg sfo{ ug{ ;Sb}g . ;Demf}tfdf ljjfb ;dfwfg dWo:yåf/f ul/g] 5 eGg] Joj:yf 5 eg] Ps kIfn] dWo:y lgo'lQm ug{ /fv]sf] k|:tfj csf] { kIfn] OGsf/ ug{ ;Sb}g . (= kIfx?åf/f dWo:ysf] lgo'lQm / u7g g} x'g glbg b]xfosf] cj:yf ;[hgf ug{ ;Sb5g\ . 218 c+s @ -s_ ;Demf}tfsf] Ps kIfn] dWo:y lgo'lQm ug{ ' cufl8 Amicable settlement åf/f ljjfb ;dfwfg ug{ /fv]sf] k|:tfjdf c;xof]u jf c:jLs/ u/]/, -v_ dWo:ysf] sf/jfxL z'? ug'{ cufl8 cGo s'g} lgsfo ;dIf ljjfb k]z ug] { ;Demf}tfdf Joj:yf ePsf]df To:tf]df c;xof]u jf c:jLsf/ u/]/, -u_ dWo:y lgo'lQm ug] { ljlw ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePsf]df Ps kIfn] dWo:y lgo'lQm ug{ /fv]sf] k|:tfj c;xof]u jf c:jLsf/ u/]/ jf cfkm\gf] tkm{af6 lgo'lQm ug'{kg] { dWo:y lgo'lQm g} gu/]/, -3_ ;Demf}tf PstkmL{ e+u u/L ;Demf}tf g} e+u u/]sf] x'Fbf ;Demf}tf e+u ePsf] sf/0f ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt dWo:yåf/f ljjfb ;dfwfg u/fpg] Joj:yf klg :jtM e+u ePsf]n] dWo:y lgo'lQm ug{ gkg] { eGg] lhls/ u/L cfkm\gf] tkm{af6 klg dWo:y lgo'lQm gug] { / csf] { kIfåf/f lgo'Qm dWo:ysf] Jurisdiction klg :jLsf/ gu/]/ . !)= pk/f]Qm h'g;'s} sf/0f pNn]v u/L Ps kIfn] dWo:y lgo'lQm ug{ /fv]sf] k|:tfj csf] { kIfn] c:jLsf/ / c;xof]u ubf{ ;Eemf}tsf] csf] { kIfsf] Access to Justice h:tf] dxTjk"0f{ df}lns clwsf/af6 alGrt x'g hfG5 . ;Demf}tfaf6 pTkGg ljjfb dWo:yåf/f ;dfwfg u/fpg] Joj:yf ePsf] cj:yfdf ;Demf}tfsf] Ps kIfn] csf] { kIfnfO{
Access to Justice af6 alGrt gxf];\ eg]/ dWo:y P]g, @)%% n] k'g/fj]bg cbfntnfO{ appointing authority sf] dxTjk"0f{ clwsf/ lbPsf] b]lvG5 . !!= dWo:yåf/f ljjfb ;dfwfg u/fpg] Joj:yf ePsf] s'g} ;Demf}tfdf pTkGg ljjfbdf ljjfb dWo:yåf/f ;dfwfg u/fpg rfxg] kIfn] ljjfb dWo:yåf/f ;dfwfg u/fpg /fv]sf] k|:tfjnfO{ frustrate ug{ dfly -s_ -v_ -u_ / -3_ df pNn]v ul/Psf] dWo:y u7g / lgo'lQm ug{ ' cul8sf j}slNks k"j{fj:yfx?df csf] { kIfn] c;xof]u / c:jLsf/ u/]/ kl5 dWo:y ug] { JolQmx?sf] lgo'lQm ug] { k|s[ofdf g} c;xof]u / c:jLsf/ u/L dWo:yx?sf] u7g ug{ g} afwf lj/f]w v8f u/L ;Demf}tfdf ePsf] ljjfb ;dfwfgsf] Joj:yfnfO{ lg:qm[o u/fpg] cj:yf l;h{gf x'g ;Sb5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf Appointing authority sf] x}l;otn] k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /xG5 . sltko ;Demf}tfdf dWo:yåf/f ljjfb ;dfwfg u/fpg dWo:yf lgo'lQm jf u7g ug'{ cufl8 kIfx? cfkm} a;L cfk;L ;/;Nnfx ;dembf/L u/L ljjfbnfO{ amicable settlement åf/f ;dfwfg ug{ ] Joj:yf klg pNn]v ePsf] x'G5 . sltko ;Demf}tfdf pTkGg ljjfbnfO{ dWo:y u7g u/L dWo:y ;dIf k]z ug{ cufl8 cGo lgsfo h:t} dispute resolution board cflb s'g} body jf authority jf cGo clwsf/L ;dIf k]z u/L ;se/ tL lgosfox?af6 ljjfb ;dfwfg u/fpg] Joj:yf klg pNn]v ePsf] x'G5 . ljjfb ;dfwfgsf To:tf g] ]kfn sfg" "g klqsf @)^%, c+ +s @ 219 j}slNks k"jf{j:yfx? ;Demf}tfdf ;dfj]z ePsf 5g\ eg] dWo:ytf ug] { JolQmsf] lgo'lQm ug'{ cufl8 jf dWo:y tribunal u7g z'? ug] { sf/jfxL yfngL ug'{ cufl8 To:tf j}slNks k"jf{j:yfx? kIfn] clgjfo{ ?kn] invoke u/]sf] x'g'k5{ . Appointing authority sf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug] { k'g/fj]bg cbfntn] dWo:y P]g @)%% sf] bkmf & sf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug'{ cufl8 ;Demf}tfdf To:tf Joj:yfx? 5g\ 5| }gg\ / To:tf Joj:yfx? ;Demf}tfdf 5g\ eg] ;DalGwt kIfn] oL j}slNks Joj:yf invoke u/] gu/]sf] x]g'{ k5{ . To:tf j}slNks Joj:yf ;Demf}tdf ;dfj]z x'Fbf x'Fb} tL j}slNks Joj:yfx? invoke gu/L kIfn] dWo:y P]g, @)%% sf] bkmf & adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg cbfntaf6 pkrf/ dfu ug{ ;Sb}g . !@= ;Demf}tfaf6 pTkGg ljjfbdf dWo:yåf/f ljjfb ;dfwfg u/fpg rfxg] kIfn] ljjfb ;dfwfgsf ;DaGwdf dfly pNn]lvt j}slNks k"jf{j:yfsf pkrf/sf Joj:yfx? invoke u/] gu/]sf] x]/L pk/f]Qm j}slNks k"j{ pkrf/ k"/f u/]sf] jf pk/f]Qm j}slNks k"j{ pkrf/sf Joj:yfåf/f ljjfb ;dfwfg u/fpg rfxg] kIfn] k|:tfj u/]sf] t/ csf] { kIfn] k"j{ pkrf/sf Joj:yfx? g} frustrate u/]sf] cj:yfdf k'g/fj]bg cbfntn] cfk"mdf ePsf] dWo:y P]g, @)%% sf] bkmf & sf] appointing authority sf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L sfg"g adf]lhd dWo:y lgo'lQm u/L lbg' kb{5 . !#= k'g/fj]bg cbfntn] appointing authority sf] x}l;otn] ;Demf}tfaf6 pTkGg ljjfbdf dWo:y
- Page 39 and 40: lsl;dn] b'lift lg0f{o ab/ gx'g] u/L
- Page 41 and 42: k/L !((( ;fndf lnvt ab/ x'g] 7x/fO{
- Page 43 and 44: lg0f{o g+=&(#) g]=sf=k= @)^% g] ]kf
- Page 45 and 46: o;df s] s;f] ePsf] xf] < lgj]bssf]
- Page 47 and 48: g] ]kfn sfg" "g klqsf @)^%, c+ +s @
- Page 49 and 50: ;~rosf]if /f]lsg uPsf] b]lvof] . To
- Page 51 and 52: { { { { JolQmut / ;+:yfut b'j} :t/d
- Page 53 and 54: g]kfn ;/sf/n] ljleGg :yfgdf jlx/f ;
- Page 55 and 56: klg cfkm\gf] ;+j}wflgs bfloTjsf] c+
- Page 57 and 58: dfgjn] kfp+b5g\ . To;}n] ckfËsf kl
- Page 59 and 60: ckfËx?nfO{ emg} j9L ;dy{gsf] h?/t
- Page 61 and 62: g] ]kfn sfg" "g klqsf @)^%, c+ +s @
- Page 63 and 64: klg sfg"gsf] ;dfg ;+/If0fjf6 jlGrt
- Page 65 and 66: cfkm\g} ckfË hgtfx? k|lt ;d]t xfd|
- Page 67 and 68: ;f]sf] cfwf/df ;+ljwfg / P]gn] lglb
- Page 69 and 70: xssf] ;fdfGo k|fjwfg sf] cltl/Qm k|
- Page 71 and 72: ug'{, ToxfF k|of]u x'g] kf7\o;fdfu|
- Page 73 and 74: km};nf Gof= /fh]Gb|k|;fb sf]O/fnfM
- Page 75 and 76: lakIfL jfbL ;d]t ldnL dnfO{ cgfxsdf
- Page 77 and 78: ubf{ jf s'g} lsl;dn] xs 5f8L lb+bf
- Page 79 and 80: dWo:ysf] Joj:yf survive ug] { x'Fbf
- Page 81 and 82: df}lns xs, sDkgL P]g, @)%# sf] bkmf
- Page 83 and 84: ;fy} k|:t't ljjfb s} ;DaGwdf o; k"j
- Page 85 and 86: o; cbfntdf sfg"g jdf]lhd k}m;nf ePs
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- Page 89: ePsf]df ;f]xL ad]flhd / gePsf]df o;
- Page 93 and 94: separability doctrine" in America a
- Page 95 and 96: e binding upon both such parties."
- Page 97 and 98: pQm k"jf{j:yfx? kfngf u/]sf] t/ pQm
- Page 99 and 100: yk s]xL s'/f pNn]v x'g cfjZos b]lvo
- Page 101 and 102: sf] lgod @#-!_ -u_ df pNn]v eP cg';
- Page 103 and 104: pkl:yt ljåfg clwjQmf >L rqm laqmd
- Page 105 and 106: appeal. Judicial review is directed
- Page 107 and 108: df ePsf] ;Demf}tf cGtu{t cGt/f{li6
- Page 109 and 110: pQm Convention nfu" x'g] specialize
- Page 111 and 112: which an opinion is required, and a
- Page 113 and 114: pGd'lQm k|fKt x'g'kg] { clwsf/Lsf]
- Page 115 and 116: lg0f{o g+=&(#% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;af] {
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- Page 129 and 130: v'kf{ h:tf] hf]lvdL wfl/nf] xltof/s
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- Page 135 and 136: lg0f{o g+=&(#* g]=sf=k= @)^% g] ]kf
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- Page 139 and 140: g} oyfjt sfod /fvL df]xL lgisfzg ug
lj<strong>jf</strong>b ;dfwfg u/fpg] sfo{ l56f] 5l/tf]<br />
/ z'ne dflgG5 . dWo:yåf/f lj<strong>jf</strong>b<br />
;dfwfg u/fpg] sfo{ klg /fHosf]<br />
Gofokflnsfsf] Ps c+u dflgG5 . ;f]<br />
;DaGwdf ef/tsf] ;<strong>jf</strong>] {<strong>Rr</strong> <strong>cbfnt</strong>n]<br />
Rohtas Industries vs Its Union sf]<br />
d'2fdf dWo:ytfsf] ;DaGwdf b]xfo<br />
adf]lhd ljj]rgf u/]sf] b]lvG5 . "It is<br />
legitimate to regard such an arbitrator<br />
now as part of the methodology of the<br />
soverign's dispensation of justice thus<br />
falling within the rainbow of statutory<br />
tribunals amenable to judicial review."<br />
*= cfkm\gf] e" efu leq<br />
k|To]s gful/s Pj+ JolQmnfO{ l56f] 5l/tf]<br />
/ z'ne Gofo k|bfg ug{ ] k|To]s /fi6«sf]<br />
;+j}wflgs st{Jo xf] eg] access to<br />
justice k|To]s gful/ssf] df}lns xs xf]<br />
. h;/L /fHon] <strong>cbfnt</strong> vf/]h <strong>jf</strong> aGb<br />
u/L gful/sx?sf] xs k|rng u/fpg]<br />
forum z'Go ug{ ;Sb}g, To;} u/L<br />
kIfx?n] lj<strong>jf</strong>b ;dfwfg dWo:yåf/f<br />
u/fpg] u/L ;Demf}tf u/]sf]df ;Emf}tfaf6<br />
pTkGg lj<strong>jf</strong>bnfO{ Ps kIfn] csf] { kIfnfO{<br />
Gofoaf6 al~rt ug] { p2]Zon] dWo:y<br />
;dIf lj<strong>jf</strong>b g} k]z ug{ gkfpg] u/L<br />
dWo:yfsf] u7g g} x'g glbg] k|ToIf <strong>jf</strong><br />
ck|ToIf s'g} klg sfo{ ug{ ;Sb}g .<br />
;Demf}tfdf lj<strong>jf</strong>b ;dfwfg dWo:yåf/f<br />
ul/g] 5 eGg] Joj:yf 5 eg] Ps kIfn]<br />
dWo:y lgo'lQm ug{ /fv]sf] k|:tfj csf] {<br />
kIfn] OGsf/ ug{ ;Sb}g .<br />
(= kIfx?åf/f dWo:ysf]<br />
lgo'lQm / u7g g} x'g glbg b]xfosf]<br />
cj:yf ;[hgf ug{ ;Sb5g\ .<br />
218<br />
c+s @<br />
-s_ ;Demf}tfsf] Ps kIfn] dWo:y<br />
lgo'lQm ug{ ' cufl8 Amicable<br />
settlement åf/f lj<strong>jf</strong>b ;dfwfg<br />
ug{ /fv]sf] k|:tfjdf c;xof]u <strong>jf</strong><br />
c:jLs/ u/]/,<br />
-v_ dWo:ysf] sf/<strong>jf</strong>xL z'? ug'{<br />
cufl8<br />
cGo s'g} lgsfo ;dIf lj<strong>jf</strong>b k]z<br />
ug] { ;Demf}tfdf Joj:yf ePsf]df<br />
To:tf]df c;xof]u <strong>jf</strong> c:jLsf/<br />
u/]/,<br />
-u_ dWo:y lgo'lQm ug] { ljlw<br />
;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePsf]df Ps<br />
kIfn] dWo:y lgo'lQm ug{ /fv]sf]<br />
k|:tfj c;xof]u <strong>jf</strong> c:jLsf/ u/]/<br />
<strong>jf</strong> cfkm\gf] tkm{af6 lgo'lQm ug'{kg]<br />
{<br />
dWo:y lgo'lQm g} gu/]/,<br />
-3_ ;Demf}tf PstkmL{ e+u u/L ;Demf}tf<br />
g} e+u u/]sf] x'Fbf<br />
;Demf}tf e+u<br />
ePsf] sf/0f ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt<br />
dWo:yåf/f lj<strong>jf</strong>b ;dfwfg u/fpg]<br />
Joj:yf klg :jtM e+u ePsf]n]<br />
dWo:y lgo'lQm ug{ gkg] { eGg]<br />
lhls/ u/L cfkm\gf] tkm{af6 klg<br />
dWo:y lgo'lQm gug] { / csf] {<br />
kIfåf/f lgo'Qm dWo:ysf]<br />
Jurisdiction klg :jLsf/ gu/]/ .<br />
!)= pk/f]Qm h'g;'s} sf/0f<br />
pNn]v u/L Ps kIfn] dWo:y lgo'lQm ug{<br />
/fv]sf] k|:tfj csf] { kIfn] c:jLsf/ /<br />
c;xof]u ubf{ ;Eemf}tsf] csf] { kIfsf]<br />
Access to Justice h:tf] dxTjk"0f{<br />
df}lns clwsf/af6 alGrt x'g hfG5 .<br />
;Demf}tfaf6 pTkGg lj<strong>jf</strong>b dWo:yåf/f<br />
;dfwfg u/fpg] Joj:yf ePsf] cj:yfdf<br />
;Demf}tfsf] Ps kIfn] csf] { kIfnfO{