![lg0f{o g+=&(@% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ljz]if Ohnf; dfggLo ...](https://img.yumpu.com/6479513/72/500x640/lg0fo-g-amp-gsfk-jfrr-cbfnt-ljzif-ohnf-dfgglo-.jpg)
lg0f{o g+=&(@% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ljz]if Ohnf; dfggLo ...
lg0f{o g+=&(@% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ljz]if Ohnf; dfggLo ... lg0f{o g+=&(@% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ljz]if Ohnf; dfggLo ...
lg0f{o g+=&(#@ g]=sf=k= @)^% ;jf] {Rr cbfnt, ;+o'tm Ohnf; dfggLo GofofwLz >L /fdk|;fb >]i7 dfggLo GofofwLz >L /fh]Gb|k|;fb sf]O/fnf ;Djt @)^# ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g )%#! km};nf ldltM @)^$.!).*.# d'2fM – hfn;fhL . k'g/fj]bs k|ltafbLM nlntk'/ lhNnf nlntk'/ pk=d=g=kf=j8f g+ + ( 3/ e} xfn sf7df08f} lhNnf ;t'+un uf=lj=;= j8f g+ $ j:g] laSsL dxh{g lj?4 k|ToyL{ jfbLM sf7df08f} lhNnf ;t'+un uf=lj=;=j8f g= # j:g] /fwf lj;+Vo] z'? k}m;nf ug] { lhNnf GofofwLz >L zDe' jxfb'/ sfsL{ k'g/fa]bg cbfntdf k}m;nf ug] { df=Gof= >L clncsj/ lds/fgL df=Gof= >L hubLz zdf{ kf}8]n � ;uf]nsf] k}lqs ;DklQdf laqmL Joaxf/ cflb h];'s} x'g] cj:yfdf pd]/ k'u]sf] c+lzof/sf] d+h'/L lng' kg] { clgjfo{ Joj:yf n]gb]g Joaxf/sf] !) g+ sf] sfg"gn] u/]sf] cj:yfdf c+z gePsf] c+lzof/n] ;uf]nsf] ;DklQ a]r ljvg ubf{ jf s'g} lsl;dn] xs 200 c+s @ { { { { � 5fl8 lb+bf P]gn] cfk'mv'zL ug{ kfpg] c?sf] dGh'/L lng' gkg] {df jfx]s c?df Psf3/sf c+lzof/ ;j} ;fIfL j;]sf] jf dGh'/Lsf] lnvt u/L lbPsf] eP dfq kSsf 7xg] . cfˆgf] kfnfdf cfh] {sf] ;DklQ lghL 7xg] cj:yf jfx]s ;u} j;]sf] ;DklQ ;uf]nsf] cfh{gdf ;j} clzof/sf] efu nfUg] . � lnvt ab/ / hfn;fh ;DjGwdf kIfn] cfk'mnfO{ ;xh kg] h'g;'s} af6f] cjnDjg ug{ ;Sg] g} x'Fbf jfbL lnvt jb/df gcfO{ hfn;fhdf dfq cfPsf]nfO{ � cGoyf eGg gldNg] . jfbLsf] xs nfUg] hUuf lghsf] dGh'/L j]u/ laqmL Joaxf/ u/]sf] b]lvPsf]n] lst] sfuhsf] # g+ cg';f/ xs d]6g] sfo{ u/]sf] x'Fbf hfn;fh x'g] cj:yfdf k|ltjfbLx?n] n]gb]g u/]sf] lnvt ;DklQdf jfbLsf] bfaL sfod /xg g;Sg] eGg pko'tm gx'g] . -k|s/0f g+=$_ k'g/fj]bs ÷ k|ltjfbL tkm{jf6M ljåfg jl/i7 clwjQmf /fw]Zofd clwsf/L / ljåfg clwjQmf r08]Zj/nfn >]i7 k|ToyL{ jfbL tkm{jf6M ljåfg clwjQmf lvdfgGb jGhf8], ?s' yfkf s]=;L= / led/fh s8l/of cjnlDjt ghL/M g]=sf=k= @)%$, lg0f{o g+=^#)#, k[o7 !
km};nf Gof= /fh]Gb|k|;fb sf]O/fnfM k'g/fa]bg cbfnt kf6gsf] ldlt @)^#.@.@* sf] k}m;nf pk/ Gofo k|zf;g P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf !@ cg';f/ bf]xf]¥ofO{ lg:;f k|bfg eO{ k'g/fa]bgdf btf{ x'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fsf] ;+lIfKt tYo Pj+ 7x/ o; k|sf/ 5 M – lakIfL klt l;x/fdn] cfˆgf] k'Vof] {nL ;DklQaf6 cfˆgf] c+z xs hlt lnO{ ldlt @)%@.*.% df c+z j08fkq e} ;s]sf] 5 . lakIfL klt l;x/fdsf] c+z xs vfg]df klt l;+x/fd, h]7L >LdtL d lkm/fbL /fwf, / lakIfL ;f}tf sfG5L >LdtL udnf u/L # hgf dfq 5f}= . ;Dk"0f{ ;DklQ lakIfL klt lhDdf /x]sf]df d ;d]tsf] c+z xs nfUg] lakIfL l;+x/fd lj;+Vo] ;fsL{ g]kfnLsf] gfpFdf btf{ ePsf] sf=lh= ;t'+un uf=lj=;=j8f g= $-v_ ls=g+ %! sf] If]=km= #–!)–)–) hUuf k'/} lakIfL klt l;+x/fd lj;+Vo] ;fsL{ g]kfnLn] lbg] / lakIfL laSsL dxh{gn] lng] tyf lakIfL udnf lj;+Vo] g]kfnL ;fIfL j;L ldlt @)%&.!@.!% df /=g+= $&@* sf] lnvtaf6 Ps cfk;df ldn]fdtf] u/L hfgL hfgL hfn;fhL k"0f{ lqmofaf6 d]/f] c+z xs d]6fpg] sfo{ u/]sf] x'Fbf pQm lnvt dWo] # v08sf] Ps v08 lnvt lst] { sfuhsf] # g+ adf]lhd hfn;fhL 3f]lift u/L ;f] lnvt ab/ u/L P]=sf] !) g+ adf]lhd lakIfLx?nfO{ xb} ;Ddsf] ;hfo ul/kfpFm eGg] jfbL bfaL . lakIfLsf klt l;+x/fd 3/sf] d'nL dfG5]n] 3/ ;Nnfx adf]lhd 3/sf] Joaxf/ rnfpgsf] nflu cfˆgf] gfpFdf g] ]kfn sfg" "g klqsf @)^%, c+ +s @ btf{ /x]sf] ;t'+un uf=lj=;=j8f g= $ v ls=g+ %! sf] If]=km= #–!)–)–) hUuf ldlt @)%&.!@.!% df /=g+ $&@* af6 dnfO{ /flhgfdf kfl/t u/L lbg' ePsf] xf] . ;f] s'/f lakIfL jfbLnfO{ p;} avt yfxf hfgsf/L lyof] . lakIfLsf] dGh'/L ;d]tn] lghsf] kltn] dnfO{ hUuf kfl/t u/L lbPsf] xf] . bfaLsf] lnvt lst] { sfuhsf] # g+ k|lts"n ePsf] 5}g . pQm lnvt n]gb]g Joaxf/sf] !) g+= k|lts"n gePsf] sf/0faf6 ;d]t lakIfL jfbLsf] e'mf lkm/fb bfaLaf6 cnu k'm;{ +b kfpF eGg] k|ltjfbL laSsL dxh{gsf] k|ltpQ/ lhls/ . o;df k|ltjfbL l;+x/fd lj;+Vo] ;fsL{ g]kfnL / udnf lj;+Vo] g]kfnLsf] gfpFdf hf/L ePsf] Dofb ldlt @)%(.$.@# df tfd]n ePsf]df lghx?n] k|ltpQ/ glkm/fO{ z'? Dofb} u'hf/L j;]sf /x]5g . o;df z'?sf] cfb]zfg';f/ jfbLsf ;fIfL sfG5f lj;+Vo]n] jfbLnfO{ ;dy{g x'g] u/L sfG5f lj;+Vo] / k|ltjfbL laSsL dxh{gsf] ;fIfL ho/fd >]i7n] k|ltjfbLsf] ;dy{g x'g] u/L askq u/]sf] b]lvG5 . o;df h]7L >LdtL jfbLnfO{ gb]vfO{ lghsf] c+z xs dfg] { lgotn] Jox]f/f 9f6L u/L lbPsf] lnvt hfn;fhL xf]Og eGg gldNg] x'Fbf bfaLsf] /flhgfdf lnvtsf] # efu dWo] jfbLsf] Ps efu ;Dd lst] { sfuhsf] # g+ adf]lhd hfn;fhL x'g] / ;f] xb;Dd ptm lnvt lgis[o ;d]t x'G5 . k|ltjfbL laSsL dxh{gnfO{ c+lzof/ /x]sf] s'/f hfgsf/L gePsf] x'bf lghnfO{ hfn;fhLdf ;hfo 201
- Page 21 and 22: cy{jf]w x'g ;Sg] g} x'Fb}g . j]l/t;
- Page 23 and 24: km};nf Gof=/fdk|;fb >]i7M Gofo k|zf
- Page 25 and 26: gf/fo0f l;+x dfb]gaf6 xfdLn] lnPsf
- Page 27 and 28: d]/f] xs uPsf]n] c=j+= *^ g+=adf]lh
- Page 29 and 30: af]w uDo / :ki6 klg x'+bf To;df cnd
- Page 31 and 32: lk+9Ldf ;'lt/fv]sf] jvt nfQL / d'Ss
- Page 33 and 34: ul/lbPsf] kfOG5 . jf/bftsf] k|ToIfb
- Page 35 and 36: kl/jf/sf xh/a'jf / gflt gftfsf JolQ
- Page 37 and 38: lg0f{o g+=&(@( g]=sf=k= @)^% ;jf] {
- Page 39 and 40: lsl;dn] b'lift lg0f{o ab/ gx'g] u/L
- Page 41 and 42: k/L !((( ;fndf lnvt ab/ x'g] 7x/fO{
- Page 43 and 44: lg0f{o g+=&(#) g]=sf=k= @)^% g] ]kf
- Page 45 and 46: o;df s] s;f] ePsf] xf] < lgj]bssf]
- Page 47 and 48: g] ]kfn sfg" "g klqsf @)^%, c+ +s @
- Page 49 and 50: ;~rosf]if /f]lsg uPsf] b]lvof] . To
- Page 51 and 52: { { { { JolQmut / ;+:yfut b'j} :t/d
- Page 53 and 54: g]kfn ;/sf/n] ljleGg :yfgdf jlx/f ;
- Page 55 and 56: klg cfkm\gf] ;+j}wflgs bfloTjsf] c+
- Page 57 and 58: dfgjn] kfp+b5g\ . To;}n] ckfËsf kl
- Page 59 and 60: ckfËx?nfO{ emg} j9L ;dy{gsf] h?/t
- Page 61 and 62: g] ]kfn sfg" "g klqsf @)^%, c+ +s @
- Page 63 and 64: klg sfg"gsf] ;dfg ;+/If0fjf6 jlGrt
- Page 65 and 66: cfkm\g} ckfË hgtfx? k|lt ;d]t xfd|
- Page 67 and 68: ;f]sf] cfwf/df ;+ljwfg / P]gn] lglb
- Page 69 and 70: xssf] ;fdfGo k|fjwfg sf] cltl/Qm k|
- Page 71: ug'{, ToxfF k|of]u x'g] kf7\o;fdfu|
- Page 75 and 76: lakIfL jfbL ;d]t ldnL dnfO{ cgfxsdf
- Page 77 and 78: ubf{ jf s'g} lsl;dn] xs 5f8L lb+bf
- Page 79 and 80: dWo:ysf] Joj:yf survive ug] { x'Fbf
- Page 81 and 82: df}lns xs, sDkgL P]g, @)%# sf] bkmf
- Page 83 and 84: ;fy} k|:t't ljjfb s} ;DaGwdf o; k"j
- Page 85 and 86: o; cbfntdf sfg"g jdf]lhd k}m;nf ePs
- Page 87 and 88: ljkIfL sDkgLn] lgj]bs sDkgL ;dIf lg
- Page 89 and 90: ePsf]df ;f]xL ad]flhd / gePsf]df o;
- Page 91 and 92: Access to Justice af6 alGrt gxf];\
- Page 93 and 94: separability doctrine" in America a
- Page 95 and 96: e binding upon both such parties."
- Page 97 and 98: pQm k"jf{j:yfx? kfngf u/]sf] t/ pQm
- Page 99 and 100: yk s]xL s'/f pNn]v x'g cfjZos b]lvo
- Page 101 and 102: sf] lgod @#-!_ -u_ df pNn]v eP cg';
- Page 103 and 104: pkl:yt ljåfg clwjQmf >L rqm laqmd
- Page 105 and 106: appeal. Judicial review is directed
- Page 107 and 108: df ePsf] ;Demf}tf cGtu{t cGt/f{li6
- Page 109 and 110: pQm Convention nfu" x'g] specialize
- Page 111 and 112: which an opinion is required, and a
- Page 113 and 114: pGd'lQm k|fKt x'g'kg] { clwsf/Lsf]
- Page 115 and 116: lg0f{o g+=&(#% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;af] {
- Page 117 and 118: ;Demf}tf /2 u/]df clGtd e'StfgL ePs
- Page 119 and 120: Kof8df ldlt ;d]t pNn]v 5}g . olb ;f
- Page 121 and 122: ;L_ adf]lhd lakIfLnfO{ ! dlxgfsf] ;
<strong>lg0f</strong>{o g+=&(#@ g]<strong>=sf=k=</strong> @)<strong>^%</strong><br />
;<strong>jf</strong>] {<strong>Rr</strong> <strong>cbfnt</strong>, ;+o'tm <strong>Ohnf</strong>;<br />
<strong>dfggLo</strong> GofofwLz >L /fdk|;fb >]i7<br />
<strong>dfggLo</strong> GofofwLz >L /fh]Gb|k|;fb<br />
sf]O/fnf<br />
;Djt @)^# ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g )%#!<br />
km};nf ldltM @)^$.!).*.#<br />
d'2fM – hfn;fhL .<br />
k'g/fj]bs k|ltafbLM nlntk'/ lhNnf<br />
nlntk'/ pk=d=g=kf=j8f g+ + (<br />
3/ e} xfn sf7df08f} lhNnf<br />
;t'+un<br />
uf=lj=;= j8f g+ $ j:g]<br />
laSsL dxh{g<br />
lj?4<br />
k|ToyL{ <strong>jf</strong>bLM sf7df08f} lhNnf ;t'+un<br />
uf=lj=;=j8f g= # j:g] /fwf<br />
lj;+Vo]<br />
z'? k}m;nf ug] { lhNnf GofofwLz >L<br />
zDe' jxfb'/ sfsL{<br />
k'g/fa]bg <strong>cbfnt</strong>df k}m;nf ug] { df=Gof=<br />
>L clncsj/ lds/fgL<br />
df=Gof= >L hubLz zdf{ kf}8]n<br />
� ;uf]nsf] k}lqs ;DklQdf laqmL<br />
Joaxf/ cflb h];'s} x'g] cj:yfdf<br />
pd]/ k'u]sf] c+lzof/sf] d+h'/L<br />
lng' kg] { clg<strong>jf</strong>o{ Joj:yf n]gb]g<br />
Joaxf/sf] !) g+ sf] sfg"gn]<br />
u/]sf] cj:yfdf c+z gePsf]<br />
c+lzof/n] ;uf]nsf] ;DklQ a]r<br />
ljvg ubf{ <strong>jf</strong> s'g} lsl;dn] xs<br />
200<br />
c+s @<br />
{<br />
{<br />
{<br />
{<br />
�<br />
5fl8 lb+bf P]gn] cfk'mv'zL ug{<br />
kfpg] c?sf] dGh'/L lng' gkg] {df<br />
<strong>jf</strong>x]s c?df Psf3/sf c+lzof/<br />
;j} ;fIfL j;]sf] <strong>jf</strong> dGh'/Lsf]<br />
lnvt u/L lbPsf] eP dfq kSsf<br />
7xg] .<br />
cfˆgf] kfnfdf cfh] {sf] ;DklQ<br />
lghL 7xg] cj:yf <strong>jf</strong>x]s ;u}<br />
j;]sf] ;DklQ ;uf]nsf] cfh{gdf<br />
;j} clzof/sf] efu nfUg] .<br />
� lnvt ab/ / hfn;fh ;DjGwdf<br />
kIfn] cfk'mnfO{ ;xh kg] h'g;'s}<br />
af6f] cjnDjg ug{ ;Sg] g} x'Fbf<br />
<strong>jf</strong>bL lnvt jb/df gcfO{<br />
hfn;fhdf dfq cfPsf]nfO{<br />
�<br />
cGoyf eGg gldNg] .<br />
<strong>jf</strong>bLsf] xs nfUg] hUuf lghsf]<br />
dGh'/L j]u/ laqmL Joaxf/ u/]sf]<br />
b]lvPsf]n] lst] sfuhsf] # g+<br />
cg';f/ xs d]6g] sfo{ u/]sf] x'Fbf<br />
hfn;fh x'g] cj:yfdf<br />
k|lt<strong>jf</strong>bLx?n] n]gb]g u/]sf] lnvt<br />
;DklQdf <strong>jf</strong>bLsf] bfaL sfod<br />
/xg g;Sg] eGg pko'tm gx'g] .<br />
-k|s/0f g+=$_<br />
k'g/fj]bs ÷ k|lt<strong>jf</strong>bL tkm{<strong>jf</strong>6M ljåfg<br />
jl/i7 clwjQmf /fw]Zofd<br />
clwsf/L / ljåfg clwjQmf<br />
r08]Zj/nfn >]i7<br />
k|ToyL{ <strong>jf</strong>bL tkm{<strong>jf</strong>6M ljåfg clwjQmf<br />
lvdfgGb jGhf8], ?s' yfkf s]=;L=<br />
/ led/fh s8l/of<br />
cjnlDjt ghL/M g]<strong>=sf=k=</strong> @)%$, <strong>lg0f</strong>{o<br />
g+=^#)#, k[o7 !
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