lg0f{o g+=&(@% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ljz]if Ohnf; dfggLo ...
lg0f{o g+=&(@% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ljz]if Ohnf; dfggLo ... lg0f{o g+=&(@% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ljz]if Ohnf; dfggLo ...
lgj]bsn] >d cbfntdf k'g/fj]bg ubf{ >d cbfntn] klg >d sfof{nosf] lg0f{o ;b/ u/]sf] sf/0f k|:t't lgj]bg kg{ cfPsf] b]lvG5 . ca ;f] ;DaGwdf b]xfosf ljifodf lg0f{o lbg'kg] { b]lvG5 . { -s_ ICIMOD, Human Resources policy Manual cGtu{t eP u/]sf] sfd sf/jfxLdf o; cbfntn] tTsfnLg g]kfn clw/fHosf] -v_ ;+ljwfg, @)$& sf] wf/f **-@_ adf]lhd k|fKt c;fwf/0f clwsf/ cGtu{t Goflos k'g/fjnf]sg ug{ ;S5, ;Sb}g, lgj]bsn] bfjL u/] ;/x lgj]bs s'6g}lts ;'ljwf tyf pGd'lQm k|fKt lgsfo xf], xf]Og < -u_ >d sfof{nosf] ldlt @)^).!@.!@ sf] cfb]z / >d cbfntn] k'g/fj]bg ;'gL u/]sf] lg0f{o ab/ x'g kg] xf], xf]Og . %= klxnf] k|Zgtkm{ ljrf/ ubf{, k|fKt kmfonaf6 ljkIfL dfgaxfb'/ s6'jfnnfO{ ICIMOD, Human Resources policy Manual cGt{ut lgj]bs ICIMOD n] s/f/df lgo'lQm lbPsf]df ljkIfL dfgaxfb'/nfO{ k6s k6s ;r]t u/fpFbf klg g;'lw|Psf]n] s/f/ gjLs/0f gu/L ;]jf cGTo u/]sf] eGg] ( May, @))# sf] kqaf6 b]lvG5 . ;]jf cGTo u/] pk/ >d sfof{non] k'g/fj]bg ;'Gbf ICIMOD sf] lg0f{o ljk/Lt lg0f{o u/]sf]n] ;f] lgj]bg kg{ cfPsf] b]lvG5 . tTsfnLg nfu" g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& sf] wf/f 232 c+s @ **-@_ df o; cbfntsf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/If]qsf] Aoj:yf pNn]v ePsf] 5 . wf/f ** -@_ sf] Joj:yf cg';f/ o; cbfntn] c;fwf/0f clwsf/If]q cGtu{t wf/f @# cg';f/ kg{ cfPsf] s'g} lgj]bg ;'g'jfO{ u/L k"0f{ Gofo k|bfg ug{ prLt / cfjZos cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;S5 ^= wf/f **-@_ sf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/ Writ Juridiction xf] . o; clwsf/ cGtu{t Goflos / cw{Goflos lgsfox?sf] lg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sg ul/G5 . of] c;fwf/0f clwsf/ cGtu{t ;+ljwfg jf sfg"g adf]lhd ul7t ;fj{hlgs hjfkmx]bL ePsf /fHo jf /fHosf c+u cyf{t\ ;/sf/ jf ;/sf/L sfof{no jf ;/sf/sf] clwsf/Lx? jf /fHon] ug] { sfd ug{ sfg"g adf]lhd ul7t ;+:yf jf lgsfo cyf{t\ state / state sf instrumentalities n] u/]sf] lg0f{ox? h; pk/ ;'g'jfO{ ug{ cGo pkrf/sf] Aoj:yf ePsf] x'Fb}g, To:tf] lg0f{o jf sfo{sf] tYoleq k|j]z gu/L lg0f{o u/]sf] k|lqmofsf] dfq Goflos k'g/fjnf]sg ul/G5 . o;nfO{ k|zf;sLo sfg"gsf] efiffdf Merit of the Decision sf] xf]Og Decision Making Process sf] dfq Goflos k'g/fjnf]sg ul/G5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f **-@_ cGtu{t Goflos k'g/fjnf]sg ubf{ tYoleq k|j]z ug'{ x'Fb}g eGg] ;DaGwdf ef/tsf] ;jf] {Rr cbfntn] State of UP vs Dharmendra Prasad Singh sf] d'2fdf o;/L AofVof u/]sf] b]lvG5 . Judicial review under Art.226 cannot be converted into an
appeal. Judicial review is directed, not against the decision, but is confined to the examination of the decision making–process. When the issues raised in judicial review is whether a decision is vitiated by taking into account irrelevant or neglecting to take into account of relevant factors or is so manifestly unreasonable that no reasonable authority, entrusted with the power in question could reasonably have made such a decision, the judicial review of the decision making process includes examination, as a matter of law, of the relevance of the factors. &= wf/f **-@_ adf]lhd /fHosf c+ux?n] u/]sf] lg0f{osf] Goflos k'g/fjnf]sg ubf{ ljjfbsf] ljifoj:t' jf tYoleq k|j]z ul/+b}g s]jn sfg"gL s'/f dfq x]l/G5 eGg] ;DaGwdf oxfF Garner sf] Administrative Law pNn]v ug{ cfjZos b]lvG5 . Garner n] sfo{sf/L0fL k|zf;sLo lg0f{odf cbfntn] c;fwf/0f clwsf/ cGtu{t x:tIf]k ug] { cfwf/x?dfM– -s_ Breach of the principles of Natural Justice -v_ Excess of Power -u_ Error of Procedures -3_ Error of Law -ª_ failure to perform a duty -5_ Bad faith or abuse of power, in the sense of using a power in a g] ]kfn sfg" "g klqsf @)^%, c+ +s @ 233 meaning other than that contemplated enabling statute eGg] pNn]v u/]sf] b]lvG5 . *= o; cbfntn] tTsfnLg ;+ljwfg ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f **-@_ / jt{dfg cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f !)&-@_ cGtu{t k|fKt c;fwf/0f clwsf/ pk/f]Qm cfwf/ / cj:yfdf k|of]u ub{5 . wf/f **-@_ cGtu{t o; cbfntn] c;fwf/0f clwsf/ k|of]u u/L s] s:tf] cj:yfdf / s] s;/L Goflos k'g/fjnf]sg ub{5 eGg] ;DaGwdf ;Dat\ @)%& ;fnsf] l/6 g+=##@^ lgj]bs lj/h' /GhLt la?4 lzIff tyf v]ns'b dGqfno ePsf] lg0f{odf Garner sf] Administrative Law sf pk/f]Qm l;4fGtsf] ;d]t pNn]v u/L ldlt @)^!.!!.#.@ df lj:t[t AofVof u/L ;lsPsf] 5 . (= tTsfnLg ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f **-@_ sf] o; cbfntsf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/If]q cGtu{t s] s:tf] cj:yfdf o; cbfntn] lgj]bg ;'gL cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;S5 eGg] ;DaGwdf lgj]bs k|bLk s'df/ cu|jfn lj?4 s/ sfof{no df]/ª ;d]tsf] d'2fdf & hgfsf] j[xb k"0f{ Ohnf;n] klg AofVof ul/;s]sf] b]lvG5 . pQm d'2fdf :yflkt l;4fGt cg';f/ Goflos jf cw{Goflos clwsf/Lsf] lg0f{o jf cfb]z clwsf/If]qlalxg 5 eg] jf lghn] k|of]u u/sf] sfg"gg} ;+ljwfg ;Ddt 5}g eg] jf clwsf/ gePsf] lgsfon] clwsf/If]q u|x0f u/]sf] 5 eg] jf k|fs[lts Gofosf] l;4fGt ljk/Lt lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 eg] To:tf] cj:yfdf o;
- Page 53 and 54: g]kfn ;/sf/n] ljleGg :yfgdf jlx/f ;
- Page 55 and 56: klg cfkm\gf] ;+j}wflgs bfloTjsf] c+
- Page 57 and 58: dfgjn] kfp+b5g\ . To;}n] ckfËsf kl
- Page 59 and 60: ckfËx?nfO{ emg} j9L ;dy{gsf] h?/t
- Page 61 and 62: g] ]kfn sfg" "g klqsf @)^%, c+ +s @
- Page 63 and 64: klg sfg"gsf] ;dfg ;+/If0fjf6 jlGrt
- Page 65 and 66: cfkm\g} ckfË hgtfx? k|lt ;d]t xfd|
- Page 67 and 68: ;f]sf] cfwf/df ;+ljwfg / P]gn] lglb
- Page 69 and 70: xssf] ;fdfGo k|fjwfg sf] cltl/Qm k|
- Page 71 and 72: ug'{, ToxfF k|of]u x'g] kf7\o;fdfu|
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- Page 75 and 76: lakIfL jfbL ;d]t ldnL dnfO{ cgfxsdf
- Page 77 and 78: ubf{ jf s'g} lsl;dn] xs 5f8L lb+bf
- Page 79 and 80: dWo:ysf] Joj:yf survive ug] { x'Fbf
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- Page 83 and 84: ;fy} k|:t't ljjfb s} ;DaGwdf o; k"j
- Page 85 and 86: o; cbfntdf sfg"g jdf]lhd k}m;nf ePs
- Page 87 and 88: ljkIfL sDkgLn] lgj]bs sDkgL ;dIf lg
- Page 89 and 90: ePsf]df ;f]xL ad]flhd / gePsf]df o;
- Page 91 and 92: Access to Justice af6 alGrt gxf];\
- Page 93 and 94: separability doctrine" in America a
- Page 95 and 96: e binding upon both such parties."
- Page 97 and 98: pQm k"jf{j:yfx? kfngf u/]sf] t/ pQm
- Page 99 and 100: yk s]xL s'/f pNn]v x'g cfjZos b]lvo
- Page 101 and 102: sf] lgod @#-!_ -u_ df pNn]v eP cg';
- Page 103: pkl:yt ljåfg clwjQmf >L rqm laqmd
- Page 107 and 108: df ePsf] ;Demf}tf cGtu{t cGt/f{li6
- Page 109 and 110: pQm Convention nfu" x'g] specialize
- Page 111 and 112: which an opinion is required, and a
- Page 113 and 114: pGd'lQm k|fKt x'g'kg] { clwsf/Lsf]
- Page 115 and 116: lg0f{o g+=&(#% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;af] {
- Page 117 and 118: ;Demf}tf /2 u/]df clGtd e'StfgL ePs
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- Page 129 and 130: v'kf{ h:tf] hf]lvdL wfl/nf] xltof/s
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- Page 139 and 140: g} oyfjt sfod /fvL df]xL lgisfzg ug
appeal. Judicial review is directed,<br />
not against the decision, but is<br />
confined to the examination of the<br />
decision making–process. When<br />
the issues raised in judicial review<br />
is whether a decision is vitiated by<br />
taking into account irrelevant or<br />
neglecting to take into account of<br />
relevant factors or is so man<strong>if</strong>estly<br />
unreasonable that no reasonable<br />
authority, entrusted with the power<br />
in question could reasonably have<br />
made such a decision, the judicial<br />
review of the decision making<br />
process includes examination, as a<br />
matter of law, of the relevance of<br />
the factors.<br />
&= wf/f **-@_ adf]lhd<br />
/fHosf c+ux?n] u/]sf] <strong>lg0f</strong>{osf] Goflos<br />
k'g/fjnf]sg ubf{ lj<strong>jf</strong>bsf] lj<strong>if</strong>oj:t' <strong>jf</strong><br />
tYoleq k|j]z ul/+b}g s]jn sfg"gL s'/f<br />
dfq x]l/G5 eGg] ;DaGwdf oxfF Garner<br />
sf] Administrative Law pNn]v ug{<br />
cfjZos b]lvG5 . Garner n] sfo{sf/L0fL<br />
k|zf;sLo <strong>lg0f</strong>{odf <strong>cbfnt</strong>n] c;fwf/0f<br />
clwsf/ cGtu{t x:tIf]k ug] {<br />
cfwf/x?dfM–<br />
-s_ Breach of the principles of Natural<br />
Justice<br />
-v_ Excess of Power<br />
-u_ Error of Procedures<br />
-3_ Error of Law<br />
-ª_ failure to perform a duty<br />
-5_ Bad faith or abuse of power, in<br />
the sense of using a power in a<br />
g] ]kfn sfg" "g klqsf @)<strong>^%</strong>, c+ +s @<br />
233<br />
meaning other than that<br />
contemplated enabling statute<br />
eGg] pNn]v u/]sf] b]lvG5 .<br />
*= o; <strong>cbfnt</strong>n] tTsfnLg<br />
;+ljwfg ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f **-@_ /<br />
jt{dfg cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f<br />
!)&-@_ cGtu{t k|fKt c;fwf/0f clwsf/<br />
pk/f]Qm cfwf/ / cj:yfdf k|of]u ub{5 .<br />
wf/f **-@_ cGtu{t o; <strong>cbfnt</strong>n]<br />
c;fwf/0f clwsf/ k|of]u u/L s] s:tf]<br />
cj:yfdf / s] s;/L Goflos<br />
k'g/fjnf]sg ub{5 eGg] ;DaGwdf ;Dat\<br />
@)%& ;fnsf] l/6 g+=##@^ lgj]bs lj/h'<br />
/GhLt la?4 lzIff tyf v]ns'b dGqfno<br />
ePsf] <strong>lg0f</strong>{odf Garner sf]<br />
Administrative Law sf pk/f]Qm<br />
l;4fGtsf] ;d]t pNn]v u/L ldlt<br />
@)^!.!!.#.@ df lj:t[t AofVof u/L<br />
;lsPsf] 5 .<br />
(= tTsfnLg ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f<br />
**-@_ sf] o; <strong>cbfnt</strong>sf] c;fwf/0f<br />
clwsf/If]q cGtu{t s] s:tf] cj:yfdf<br />
o; <strong>cbfnt</strong>n] lgj]bg ;'gL cfb]z hf/L<br />
ug{ ;S5 eGg] ;DaGwdf lgj]bs k|bLk<br />
s'df/ cu|<strong>jf</strong>n lj?4 s/ sfof{no df]/ª<br />
;d]tsf] d'2fdf & hgfsf] j[xb k"0f{<br />
<strong>Ohnf</strong>;n] klg AofVof ul/;s]sf] b]lvG5 .<br />
pQm d'2fdf :yflkt l;4fGt cg';f/<br />
Goflos <strong>jf</strong> cw{Goflos clwsf/Lsf] <strong>lg0f</strong>{o<br />
<strong>jf</strong> cfb]z clwsf/If]qlalxg 5 eg] <strong>jf</strong><br />
lghn] k|of]u u/sf] sfg"gg} ;+ljwfg<br />
;Ddt 5}g eg] <strong>jf</strong> clwsf/ gePsf]<br />
lgsfon] clwsf/If]q u|x0f u/]sf] 5 eg]<br />
<strong>jf</strong> k|fs[lts Gofosf] l;4fGt ljk/Lt<br />
<strong>lg0f</strong>{o u/]sf] 5 eg] To:tf] cj:yfdf o;