lg0f{o g+=&(@% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ljz]if Ohnf; dfggLo ...
lg0f{o g+=&(@% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ljz]if Ohnf; dfggLo ... lg0f{o g+=&(@% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, ljz]if Ohnf; dfggLo ...
cbfntaf6 ;d]t z'? lg0f{o ;b/ ePsfn] o; sfof{nosf] If]qflwsf/leq gkg] { egL l/6 lgj]bsn] lnPsf] lhls/ sfg"g ;Ddt gx'Fbf vf/]h ul/kfpFm eGg] Aoxf]/fsf] >d sfof{no, afUdtL c~rnsf] lnlvt hjfkm . ljkIfL lgj]bs s'g} /fHosf] k|ltlglwTj ug] { ;+:yf b"tfjf; h:tf] geO{ lxGb" s'; lxdfnL If]qsf] kj{lto e]usf] Plss[t ?kn] ljsf; ug{sf nflu cWoog cg';Gwfg tyf cfjZos sfd ug{ :yflkt ;+:yf xf] . ljkIfLn] cfˆgf ;Dk"0f{ sfo{sf] ;+rfng ubf{ lzIff tyf ;+:s[lt dGqfno dfkm{ ug'{kg] { ICIMOD P]g, @)$) df Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . d ljut !% aif{ b]lv ljkIfL k|lti7fgdf sfo{/t /x]sf]df ljjfb 5}g ;fy} ljkIfLn] d}n] kfpg' kg] { pkbfg ljj[lQe/0f lbPsf] 5' eGg / lbPsf] k|df0f ;d]t k]z ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g cGt/f{li6«o Plss[t kj{tLo ljsf; s]Gb| P]gsf] bkmf #-!_ n] ICIMOD nfO{ 5'§} cl:tTj ePsf] sfg"gL JolQmsf] ?kdf :jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 / bkmf #-@_ clVtof/ k|fKt u/L ljkIfL o;} ;Ddflgt cbfntdf k|j]z u/]sf x'g t;y{ cbfntsf] km};nf ljkIfLsf] cg's"n eP l7s / lj?4 eP a]l7s eGg] xs 5}g . ljkIfLn] b]vfPsf] Manual klg ;g\ @))@ January ! tfl/vdf ag]sf] b]lvG5 d laut !% aif{ b]lv sfo{/t 5' . dnfO{ cjsfz u/]sf] ! aif{ cufl8 agfOPsf] Manual b]vfO{ d}n] k|fKt ug] { pkbfgsf] /sdaf6 ljkIfLn] al~rt ug{ ;Sg] xs /x+b}g . ljkIfL lgj]bsn] k|:t't u/]sf] Manual P]gdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd >L % sf] ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t 230 c+s @ k|fKt u/]sf] s'/f b]vfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ / ljkIfL Manual 3f]if0ff u/L g]kfn sfg"gL ldRg] ;fdy{ klg P]gn] lbPsf] 5}g . o;y{ z'? >d sfof{non] u/]sf] lg0f{o / ;f] nfO{ ;b/ ug] { u/L >d cbfntaf6 ePsf] lg0f{o sfg"g ;Ddt /x]sfn] l/6 lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpFm eGg] dfgaxfb'/ s6'jfnsf] lnlvt hjfkm . o;df ljkIfL >d sfof{noaf6 dfgaxfb'/ s6'jfnsf] pkbfg ;DaGwL sf/jfxLsf] ;Ssn kmfon lemsfpg] eGg] o; cbfntsf] ;+o'Qm Ohnf;sf] ldlt @)^#.!!.!& sf] cfb]z . @= lgod adf]lhd k]zL ;"rLdf r9L k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t't d'2fdf lgj]bg kq ;lxtsf] ldl;n cWoog u/L lgj]bstkm{af6 pkl:yt ljåfg jl/i7 clwjQmf >L s';'d >]i7n] ljkIfL dfgaxfb'/ s6'jfnn] s/f/ adf]lhdsf] zt{sf] kfngf gu/L lghsf] sfo{ z}nLdf ;"wf/ gcfPkl5 dfq cGt/f{li6«o Plss[t kj{tLo ljsf; s]Gb|n] ;]jfaf6 x6fPsf] xf], lghn] ICIMOD sf] Human Resource Manual adf]lhd kfpg' kg] { ;Dk"0f{ /sd e'QmfgL lnO{ ;s]sf] 5 . ICIMOD cGt/f{li6«o sfg"g / dfGotf cg';f/ s'6g}lts lgof]u;/x pGd'lQm / ;'ljwf k|fKt ug] { k"0f{ :jzfl;t cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yf ePsf]n] nfu" g} x'g g;Sg] >d P]g / lgodfjnLsf] k|of]u u/L Ifltk"lt{ lbnfOg] u/L ePsf] >d sfof{no afUdtL c~rn / ;f]nfO{ ;b/ ug] { u/L ePsf] >d cbfntsf] km};nf clwsf/ If]qlalxg eO{ q'l6k"0f{ /x]sf]n] pTk| ]if0fsf] cfb]zåf/f ab/ ul/kfpFm egL ax; ug'{eof] . To:t} lgj]bs tkm{af6
pkl:yt ljåfg clwjQmf >L rqm laqmd zfxn] ICIMOD df :yfoL k|s[ltsf sd{rf/L gePsf ;a} sd{rf/Lx?sf] lgo'lQm ICIMOD Human Resource Policy Manual cGtu{t x'g], ;]jfaf6 d'Qm dfgaxfb'/ s6'jfnn] cfk"mn] kfpg] ;'ljwf jfktsf] /sd a'lem;s]sf] cj:yfdf nfu" g} x'g g;Sg] >d P]g / lgodfjnL, k|of]u u/L ePsf >d sfof{no / cbfntsf lg0f{o pTk| ]if0fåf/f ab/ ul/kfpFm egL ax; ug'{eof] . #= ljkIfL dfgaxfb'/ s6'jfnsf] tkm{af6 pkl:yt ljåfg clwjQmf >L /d]zk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] ICIMOD cGt/f{li6«o kj{tLo ljsf; s]Gb| P]g, @)$) åf/f ;+rflnt k|lti7fg ePsf]n] ;Dk"0f{ ?kdf ljb]zL /fhb"tfjf; ;/x s'6g}lts pGd'lQm kfpg] ;+:yf xf]Og . d]/f] kIf !% aif{b]lv ;f] s]Gb|df sfo{/t sd{rf/L ePsf] ;Gbe{df >d P]g, @)$* / >d lgodfjnL, @)%) sf] k|of]u u/L Ifltk"lt{ lbnfO{ lbg] u/L >d sfof{noaf6 ePsf] lg0f{onfO{ ;b/ ug] { u/L >d cbfntaf6 ePsf] km};nf Gofok0f{ x'Fbf l/6 lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpFm egL / ljåfg clwjQmf ljZjnfn >]i7n] ICIMOD sf] Manual kl5 dfq ag]sf] xf], d]/f] kIfn] !% aif{ cufl8 lgo'lQm kq k|fKt u/]sf] cj:yfdf sfg"ggM kfpg' kg] { pkbfgsf] /sd e'QmfgL lbg'kg] { 7x/fPsf] >d cbfntsf] km};nf sfg"g ;Ddt x'Fbf l/6 lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpFm egL ax; ug'{eof] . >d sfof{no afUdtL c~rn / >d cbfnt sf7df8f} + tkm{af6 pkl:yt ;x– GofoflwjQmf >L /fhgf/fo0f kf7sn] ljkIfL l/6 lgj]bs >d cbfntaf6 g] ]kfn sfg" "g klqsf @)^%, c+ +s @ ePsf km};nfsf] ^ dlxgfkl5 dfq l/6 If]qflwsf/df lanDj u/L k|j]z u/]sf] cj:yf Psftkm{ 5 eg] >d cbfntaf6 z'? lg0f{onfO{ ;b/ ug] { u/L ePsf] km};nfdf s'g} sfg"gL q'l6 g/x]sfn] lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpFm egL ax; ug'{eof] . $= o;df lgj]bs International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development cyf{t\ ICIMOD sf] Human Resources Policy Manual cg';f/ ljkIfL dfgaxfb'/ s6'jfnnfO{ lglZrt ;dosf] nflu s/f/ u/L s/f/df sfddf nufPsf]df lghsf] sfd /fd|f] x'Fbf;Dd sfddf nufpFb} cfO/x]sf] t/ kl5 lghsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg /fd|f] gePkl5 lghnfO{ k6s k6s r]tfjgL ;d]t lbOPsf]df klg g;'lw|Pkl5 lghnfO{ cjsfz lbPsf] xf] . cjsfz lbP klg ICIMOD, Human Resources policy Manual cg';f/ lghn] kfpg] Separation Benefit, Welfare Balance / Final Pay nufotsf ;Dk"0f{ Benefit x? ;d]t % l8;]Dj/ @))# df ?=!,*@,!#^.– e'Qmfg lbO{ lghsf] ;]jf lgj]bsn] cGTo u/]sf]df ljkIfL dfgaxfb'/ s6'jfnn] ICIMOD lj?4 ?=^,^),))).– Ifltk"lt{ lbnfO{ kfpF egL ldlt @)^).$.! df >d sfof{no, afUdtL c~rn sf7df8f} +df >d P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf @%-!_ / -@_ adf]lhd bfjL u/]sf]df >d sfof{non] klg >d lgodfjnL, @)%) sf] lgod @#-!_-u_ df pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] /sd e'QmfgL ug'{ egL >d P]g, @)$* cGtu{t lgj]bs pk/ cfb]z u/]sf] / >d sfof{nosf] pQm cfb]z ab/ u/fpg 231
- Page 51 and 52: { { { { JolQmut / ;+:yfut b'j} :t/d
- Page 53 and 54: g]kfn ;/sf/n] ljleGg :yfgdf jlx/f ;
- Page 55 and 56: klg cfkm\gf] ;+j}wflgs bfloTjsf] c+
- Page 57 and 58: dfgjn] kfp+b5g\ . To;}n] ckfËsf kl
- Page 59 and 60: ckfËx?nfO{ emg} j9L ;dy{gsf] h?/t
- Page 61 and 62: g] ]kfn sfg" "g klqsf @)^%, c+ +s @
- Page 63 and 64: klg sfg"gsf] ;dfg ;+/If0fjf6 jlGrt
- Page 65 and 66: cfkm\g} ckfË hgtfx? k|lt ;d]t xfd|
- Page 67 and 68: ;f]sf] cfwf/df ;+ljwfg / P]gn] lglb
- Page 69 and 70: xssf] ;fdfGo k|fjwfg sf] cltl/Qm k|
- Page 71 and 72: ug'{, ToxfF k|of]u x'g] kf7\o;fdfu|
- Page 73 and 74: km};nf Gof= /fh]Gb|k|;fb sf]O/fnfM
- Page 75 and 76: lakIfL jfbL ;d]t ldnL dnfO{ cgfxsdf
- Page 77 and 78: ubf{ jf s'g} lsl;dn] xs 5f8L lb+bf
- Page 79 and 80: dWo:ysf] Joj:yf survive ug] { x'Fbf
- Page 81 and 82: df}lns xs, sDkgL P]g, @)%# sf] bkmf
- Page 83 and 84: ;fy} k|:t't ljjfb s} ;DaGwdf o; k"j
- Page 85 and 86: o; cbfntdf sfg"g jdf]lhd k}m;nf ePs
- Page 87 and 88: ljkIfL sDkgLn] lgj]bs sDkgL ;dIf lg
- Page 89 and 90: ePsf]df ;f]xL ad]flhd / gePsf]df o;
- Page 91 and 92: Access to Justice af6 alGrt gxf];\
- Page 93 and 94: separability doctrine" in America a
- Page 95 and 96: e binding upon both such parties."
- Page 97 and 98: pQm k"jf{j:yfx? kfngf u/]sf] t/ pQm
- Page 99 and 100: yk s]xL s'/f pNn]v x'g cfjZos b]lvo
- Page 101: sf] lgod @#-!_ -u_ df pNn]v eP cg';
- Page 105 and 106: appeal. Judicial review is directed
- Page 107 and 108: df ePsf] ;Demf}tf cGtu{t cGt/f{li6
- Page 109 and 110: pQm Convention nfu" x'g] specialize
- Page 111 and 112: which an opinion is required, and a
- Page 113 and 114: pGd'lQm k|fKt x'g'kg] { clwsf/Lsf]
- Page 115 and 116: lg0f{o g+=&(#% g]=sf=k= @)^% ;af] {
- Page 117 and 118: ;Demf}tf /2 u/]df clGtd e'StfgL ePs
- Page 119 and 120: Kof8df ldlt ;d]t pNn]v 5}g . olb ;f
- Page 121 and 122: ;L_ adf]lhd lakIfLnfO{ ! dlxgfsf] ;
- Page 123 and 124: lg0f{o g+=&(#^ g]=sf=k= @)^% ;af] {
- Page 125 and 126: naxfb'/ kf}8]n, x]daxfb'/ kf}8]n ;d
- Page 127 and 128: o;df jf/bftdf pkl:yt 7fn'dfg kf}8]n
- Page 129 and 130: v'kf{ h:tf] hf]lvdL wfl/nf] xltof/s
- Page 131 and 132: lgh d[ts jf lghsf] xsbf/ plDsg kfpg
- Page 133 and 134: d'2faf6 lgnDagdf k/]sf] xf] ;f] d'2
- Page 135 and 136: lg0f{o g+=&(#* g]=sf=k= @)^% g] ]kf
- Page 137 and 138: ;d]t lsQf hUufsf] @)%^ ;fnsf] s'tjf
- Page 139 and 140: g} oyfjt sfod /fvL df]xL lgisfzg ug
<strong>cbfnt</strong>af6 ;d]t z'? <strong>lg0f</strong>{o ;b/<br />
ePsfn] o; sfof{nosf] If]qflwsf/leq<br />
gkg] { egL l/6 lgj]bsn] lnPsf] lhls/<br />
sfg"g ;Ddt gx'Fbf<br />
vf/]h ul/kfpFm eGg]<br />
Aoxf]/fsf] >d sfof{no, afUdtL<br />
c~rnsf] lnlvt h<strong>jf</strong>km .<br />
ljkIfL lgj]bs s'g} /fHosf]<br />
k|ltlglwTj ug] { ;+:yf b"tf<strong>jf</strong>; h:tf]<br />
geO{ lxGb" s'; lxdfnL If]qsf] kj{lto<br />
e]usf] Plss[t ?kn] ljsf; ug{sf nflu<br />
cWoog cg';Gwfg tyf cfjZos sfd<br />
ug{ :yflkt ;+:yf xf] . ljkIfLn] cfˆgf<br />
;Dk"0f{ sfo{sf] ;+rfng ubf{ lzIff tyf<br />
;+:s[lt dGqfno dfkm{ ug'{kg]<br />
{ ICIMOD<br />
P]g, @)$) df Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . d<br />
ljut !% a<strong>if</strong>{ b]lv ljkIfL k|lti7fgdf<br />
sfo{/t /x]sf]df lj<strong>jf</strong>b 5}g ;fy} ljkIfLn]<br />
d}n] kfpg' kg] { pkbfg ljj[lQe/0f lbPsf]<br />
5' eGg / lbPsf] k|df0f ;d]t k]z ug{<br />
;s]sf] 5}g cGt/f{li6«o Plss[t kj{tLo<br />
ljsf; s]Gb| P]gsf] bkmf #-!_ n] ICIMOD<br />
nfO{ 5'§} cl:tTj ePsf] sfg"gL JolQmsf]<br />
?kdf :jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 / bkmf #-@_<br />
clVtof/ k|fKt u/L ljkIfL o;} ;Ddflgt<br />
<strong>cbfnt</strong>df k|j]z u/]sf x'g t;y{<br />
<strong>cbfnt</strong>sf] km};nf ljkIfLsf] cg's"n eP<br />
l7s / lj?4 eP a]l7s eGg] xs 5}g .<br />
ljkIfLn] b]vfPsf] Manual klg ;g\<br />
@))@ January ! tfl/vdf ag]sf]<br />
b]lvG5 d laut !% a<strong>if</strong>{ b]lv sfo{/t 5' .<br />
dnfO{ cjsfz u/]sf] ! a<strong>if</strong>{ cufl8<br />
agfOPsf] Manual b]vfO{ d}n] k|fKt ug] {<br />
pkbfgsf] /sdaf6 ljkIfLn] al~rt ug{<br />
;Sg] xs /x+b}g . ljkIfL lgj]bsn] k|:t't<br />
u/]sf] Manual P]gdf pNn]v eP<br />
adf]lhd >L % sf] ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t<br />
230<br />
c+s @<br />
k|fKt u/]sf] s'/f b]vfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ /<br />
ljkIfL Manual 3f]<strong>if</strong>0ff u/L g]kfn sfg"gL<br />
ldRg] ;fdy{ klg P]gn] lbPsf] 5}g .<br />
o;y{ z'? >d sfof{non] u/]sf] <strong>lg0f</strong>{o /<br />
;f] nfO{ ;b/ ug] { u/L >d <strong>cbfnt</strong>af6<br />
ePsf] <strong>lg0f</strong>{o sfg"g ;Ddt /x]sfn] l/6<br />
lgj]bg vf/]h ul/kfpFm eGg] dfgaxfb'/<br />
s6'<strong>jf</strong>nsf] lnlvt h<strong>jf</strong>km .<br />
o;df ljkIfL >d sfof{noaf6<br />
dfgaxfb'/ s6'<strong>jf</strong>nsf] pkbfg ;DaGwL<br />
sf/<strong>jf</strong>xLsf] ;Ssn kmfon lemsfpg] eGg]<br />
o; <strong>cbfnt</strong>sf] ;+o'Qm <strong>Ohnf</strong>;sf] ldlt<br />
@)^#.!!.!& sf] cfb]z .<br />
@= lgod adf]lhd k]zL<br />
;"rLdf r9L k]z x'g cfPsf] k|:t't<br />
d'2fdf lgj]bg kq ;lxtsf] ldl;n<br />
cWoog u/L lgj]bstkm{af6 pkl:yt<br />
ljåfg jl/i7 clwjQmf >L s';'d >]i7n]<br />
ljkIfL dfgaxfb'/ s6'<strong>jf</strong>nn] s/f/<br />
adf]lhdsf] zt{sf] kfngf gu/L lghsf]<br />
sfo{ z}nLdf ;"wf/ gcfPkl5 dfq<br />
cGt/f{li6«o Plss[t kj{tLo ljsf; s]Gb|n]<br />
;]<strong>jf</strong>af6 x6fPsf] xf], lghn] ICIMOD sf]<br />
Human Resource Manual adf]lhd<br />
kfpg' kg] { ;Dk"0f{ /sd e'QmfgL lnO{<br />
;s]sf] 5 . ICIMOD cGt/f{li6«o sfg"g /<br />
dfGotf cg';f/ s'6g}lts lgof]u;/x<br />
pGd'lQm / ;'ljwf k|fKt ug] { k"0f{ :jzfl;t<br />
cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yf ePsf]n] nfu" g} x'g<br />
g;Sg] >d P]g / lgodfjnLsf] k|of]u<br />
u/L Ifltk"lt{ lbnfOg] u/L ePsf] >d<br />
sfof{no afUdtL c~rn / ;f]nfO{ ;b/<br />
ug] { u/L ePsf] >d <strong>cbfnt</strong>sf] km};nf<br />
clwsf/ If]qlalxg eO{ q'l6k"0f{ /x]sf]n]<br />
pTk| ]<strong>if</strong>0fsf] cfb]zåf/f ab/ ul/kfpFm egL<br />
ax; ug'{eof]<br />
. To:t} lgj]bs tkm{af6