Hungarian Defence Review 2020, Nr. 1.

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76HDR 2020, Nr. 1In the example above, each operation initiated from a domain exerts a decisive effect inanother domain, and thereby prepares the next operation. The tempo and co-ordination ofoperations deprive the enemy of his vital skills almost simultaneously and present him withso many problems mutually reinforcing each other’s influence that the enemy is unable toprepare and respond adequately.The current joint force C2 systems are not appropriate for such an operational tempo.What we call joint operations today are in reality nothing more than the coordinationof single-domain operations, timing their successive sequences without even attempting toexploit cross-domain strikes in order to mutually support each other. Authority is delegatedto the lowest operationally competent level possible, in order to prepare future battlefieldcommanders to command by mission orders, leave their subordinate commanders to decidewithin their specified limits and constrains, and leave them to plan and execute cross-domainstrikes. 13The new dimension of mission commandleadership is called distributed control, andthis is how MDC2 was defined. Distributedcontrol and decentralized implementationallow for shorter chain of command, fasterdecision making, and significant C2 benefits.At this moment, we have neither definition ofdistributed control nor description the conceptof it.Multi-Domain Command and Control(MDC2): Command and control thatdirects and enables the simultaneousconduct of multiple operations acrossmore than one domain in an integratedmanner.The key to MDOC2 is connecting and sharing information at the highest possible speedin real time. C2 relies on a cloud-based database into which all information collected bysensors from each domain is uploaded. This allows a reduction of the time needed for targetingand delivering strikes. In the complex process of targeting, automated and IT-supportedprocesses immediately determine what action the Rules of Engagement allow. They alsodetermine what collateral damage (?) and what primary and secondary effects are expected,and in which domain (or domains) which weapon systems are best suited to attack the target.This allows the commander, in his or her delegated powers, to take advantage of the shorttime the target is exposed and instantly strike from as many domains as possible and by themost appropriate platforms.It is important that data are shared as widely as possible and that the electromagneticspectrum remains secure. This requires NATO to develop new data sharing mechanisms andstandards as well as encryption mechanisms for the multi-domain network. There is a lot todo in this regard, as it is not just a technological issue. For nations, sharing information alsoraises legal and political issues.The continuous operation of networks requires the networks necessary for MDO tooperate not on a server-client basis, but as a peer-to-peer system capable of self-healing. Incase of disruption or destruction of certain network elements, other elements of the networktake over their role and pass the necessary information to the recipient. The development oftechnology makes this possible.The basic principle of information sharing (“need to know”) has to be replaced by a newapproach, which recognizes that there is much more risk in keeping back information within13 Canovas. “Multi-Domain Operations and Challenges to Air Power”. 49.
Forum & Reviews77the Alliance than in potentially unnecessary information sharing. A concept of analysingand interpreting large amounts of data generated in the network needs to be developed. Thepotential of artificial intelligence for automated data processing and machine learning hasto be utilized. The use of these revolutionary disruptive technologies would also be of enormousadvantage to our enemies, so we must take immediate action to be able to counteractthis advantage first and neutralize this advantage when it appears in the arsenals of Chinaand Russia. 14Science provides an inexhaustible range of combat capabilities. It is no longer a dreamto have a machine-to-human interface. In the future, commanders will be able to controlmany command and weapon systems at the same time simply by brains or eyes.Staying on track, NATO’s MDO training environment will need to be developed in thefuture. A virtual environment should be created where future MDO theory can be put intopractice. There is a need for a computer simulation infrastructure where our MD conceptscan be tested. Multiple-level MDO attacks must be simulated, based on the potential realenemy’s doctrine. The exercise scenarios have to contain deprivation of superiority in oneor more domains. Regaining lost superiority and subsequent decisive strikes must also beexercised. The MDO should be tested not only in high-intensity combat, but also in hybridwarfare, proxy war, anti-insurgency scenarios. Efforts should be made to reflect not only theimpact on the enemy during the war, but the activities of a wide range of state (police, militia),international (Red Cross) and non-state actors (ethnic groups, criminals) should be alsosimulated. Ownership of the space domain is crucial, and such scenarios should be injectedinto exercises as well.SUMMARYHuge efforts are being made by NATO and its member states to prepare for the fight againstnear-peer forces. The new concept is called multi-domain, and it represents an evolutionfrom the previous joint operation concept. In MDO new disruptive technological tools andprocedures are widely used. The conference supported our effort in the given concept developmenttask, we were able to expand the community of interest, and we received inputsabout the opportunities to address in the future.BIBLIOGRAPHYCanovas, J. “Multi-Domain Operations and Challenges to Air Power”. In Shaping NATO for Multi-DomainOperations of the Future: JAPCC Conference Read Ahead. Kalkar: Joint Air PowerCompetence Centre, 2019. 47-54. https://www.japcc.org/wp-content/uploads/JAPCC_Read_Ahead_2019.pdfCarlisle, H. J. “The complexity of the Multi-Domain Operations”. In Shaping NATO for Multi-DomainOperations of the Future: JAPCC Conference Read Ahead. Kalkar: Joint Air Power CompetenceCentre, 2019. 33-37. https://www.japcc.org/wp-content/uploads/JAPCC_Read_Ahead_2019.pdf14 “Doolittle Series 18 Multi-Domain Operations”. In Shaping NATO for Multi-Domain Operations of the Future:JAPCC Conference Read Ahead. Kalkar: Joint Air Power Competence Centre, 2019. 70. https://www.japcc.org/wp-content/uploads/JAPCC_Read_Ahead_2019.pdf
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HungarianDefenceReviewSPECIAL ISSUE
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HungarianDefenceReviewSPECIALISSUE
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Foreword3FOREWORDThis year we can s
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HDR 2020, Nr. 1, 15-40. Security St
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Security Studies17could be counter
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Security Studies19secret service in
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Security Studies23Regions, as parts
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Page 37 and 38: Security Studies35VI. CONCLUSION -
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Page 53 and 54: Security Studies51EXTRAORDINARY LOA
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Page 67 and 68: Training65Stages Ages Basicconflict
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Page 93 and 94: About the Authors91ABOUT THE AUTHOR
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Page 97 and 98: Guidelines for Authors95GUIDELINES
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