Hungarian Defence Review 2020, Nr. 1.

09.10.2020 Views

64HDR 2020, Nr. 1Stages Ages Basicconflict1. OralSensory(Infancy)2. MuscularAnal (EarlyChildhood)3. LocomotorGenital(Play Age)4. SchoolAge(Latency)Frombirth to18 monthsFrom 18months to3 yearsBetween3 and6 yearsBetween6 and12 yearsBetween12 and18 yearsBasic Trust vs.Basic MistrustAutonomyvs. Shame,DoubtIndustry vs.InferiorityIdentity vs.ConfusionImportanteventFeeding /HOPEHousebreaking/WILLInitiative vs.Guilt (Selfrestraint)Independence/PURPOSESchooling /COM-PETENCE5. Adolescence(Pubertyand Adolescence)Relationshipswithchildrenof thesame age /FIDELITYDescriptionIn newborns thefirst love and trusttowards theirnurturer developsor is taken overby the feeling ofmistrustThe infant’s energyis focused onphysical skills likewalking, holding,and regulating theconstrictor. Thechild learns controland is taken overby shame anddoubts in case offailure.Increasing childinde pendence,growing initiative,risk of too muchviolence, gettingguided by sense ofguilt.Need to learnnew skills to fightinferiority, failure,and incom petenceThe adolescenthas to establishidentity inconnection withcareer, sexuality,politics, andreligionBudōmethodparental harmonyparental harmonyparental harmony,establishing andtransferring wayand rhythm of life,Establishingcooperation withpeers, buildingself-imagethrough newknowledge andskills, achievingappreciation,satisfying newlyappearing needfor outputExercising Budōis a fundamentalprinciple inshaping ego. It isa main advisor,manifestationof the sense ofcommitment,finding the rolefitting individual,establishmentof correct waysof problemmanagementMilitarycareerParentalexample(militaryfamily,environ ment)Parentalorientation(satisfying theinterests ofthe child)Stateorientation,educationin militarysecondaryschool

Training65Stages Ages Basicconflict6. YoungAdulthood7. MiddleAdulthood8. OlderAdulthood(Maturity)Between19 and40 yearsBetween40 and65 yearsFrom 65to deathIntimacy vs.IsolationGenerativityvs. Stagnation(Self-Absorption)Ego, Integrityvs. DespairImportanteventLoverelations /LOVEParentrole /CAREAssessmentandaccep tanceof careerpath /WISDOMDescriptionYoung adultsneed intimaterelationships,otherwise theyface and fight thesense of isolationThe adult shouldfind the wayto support andencourage the nextgenerationThe issue ofloneliness andsatisfaction withlife gets theforegroundBudōmethodSignificantinfluence ona developingpersonality,surfacing specialcapability-factorsIncreasingresponsibility forthe community,taking leading rolein a community,commitmentto traditionsdevelop, increasedexpectations fromthe communitycoupled with thepressure to meetthemRespect by thecommunity,summaryof oeuvre,contribution tothe developmentof acquiredknowledge to ahigher levelFigure 1 Psychosocial stages of life (developed from Erikson’s model by the author)MilitarycareerBSc/MSctraining,advancementfrom juniorofficerpositions tostaff officerassignmentsRising frommid-levelleader tohigh-levelleadership,occasionallyresearch andsummary ofexperiencein scientificresearchSoldiers retire,taking advisorroleIn the latency period from the age of 6 to puberty, there is a high level of interest in accommodatingnew knowledge/skills during which the child requires cooperation with peers.The new knowledge/skills significantly determine the self-image and the child uses them togain recognition. Since this is a very sensitive period, a proper manager can develop a desirefor recognition and performance without creating an overvalued personality image andvarious failures do not produce a feeling of inferiority. Children’s training in budō requiresspecial attention from the coach. A great deal of experience and teaching ability are neededto remain in this narrow path. In any case, this is the period of time that can mean a life-longcommitment, or a seclusion.Budō acts as the main advisor in the quest for identity in adolescence (role confusion)and self-consciousness, since that is the period when young persons – due to the lack ofexperience – discover how difficult it is to find the most suitable activity that matches theircharacter and capabilities. This conflict is made particularly complex by the diversity ofleisure opportunities in our time, which entice and divide the lives of adolescent people intoso many directions. Practicing budō is a commitment, a life-organizing principle, and sinceboth the teaching and the master in this age of quest serve as a model for the young, it can

64

HDR 2020, Nr. 1

Stages Ages Basic

conflict

1. Oral

Sensory

(Infancy)

2. Muscular

Anal (Early

Childhood)

3. Locomotor

Genital

(Play Age)

4. School

Age

(Latency)

From

birth to

18 months

From 18

months to

3 years

Between

3 and

6 years

Between

6 and

12 years

Between

12 and

18 years

Basic Trust vs.

Basic Mistrust

Autonomy

vs. Shame,

Doubt

Industry vs.

Inferiority

Identity vs.

Confusion

Important

event

Feeding /

HOPE

Housebreaking

/

WILL

Initiative vs.

Guilt (Selfrestraint)

Independence

/

PURPOSE

Schooling /

COM-

PETENCE

5. Adolescence

(Puberty

and Adolescence)

Relationships

with

children

of the

same age /

FIDELITY

Description

In newborns the

first love and trust

towards their

nurturer develops

or is taken over

by the feeling of

mistrust

The infant’s energy

is focused on

physical skills like

walking, holding,

and regulating the

constrictor. The

child learns control

and is taken over

by shame and

doubts in case of

failure.

Increasing child

inde pendence,

growing initiative,

risk of too much

violence, getting

guided by sense of

guilt.

Need to learn

new skills to fight

inferiority, failure,

and incom petence

The adolescent

has to establish

identity in

connection with

career, sexuality,

politics, and

religion

Budō

method

parental harmony

parental harmony

parental harmony,

establishing and

transferring way

and rhythm of life,

Establishing

cooperation with

peers, building

self-image

through new

knowledge and

skills, achieving

appreciation,

satisfying newly

appearing need

for output

Exercising Budō

is a fundamental

principle in

shaping ego. It is

a main advisor,

manifestation

of the sense of

commitment,

finding the role

fitting individual,

establishment

of correct ways

of problem

management

Military

career

Parental

example

(military

family,

environ ment)

Parental

orientation

(satisfying the

interests of

the child)

State

orientation,

education

in military

secondary

school

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