A Survey of Macrofungi on Observatory Hill: Spring 2012 and Winter 2012/2013

Cortinarius parkeri Ammirati, Seidl & Ceska

A Survey of Macrofungi on Observatory Hill:

Spring 2012 and Winter 2012/2013

Oldriska Ceska

1809 Penshurst Road

Victoria, BC, Canada V8N 2N6

March 2013

A Survey of Macrofungi on Observatory Hill:

Spring 2012 and Winter 2012/2013

Oldriska Ceska

March 2013

Abstract

The surveys that started at the end of November 2004 have yielded 1,166 species of

macrofungi from an area of about 71.4 ha. In the 2012/2013 season, 40 visits to Observatory

Hill yielded 415 species of macrofungi, of which 56 species were found on Observatory Hill

for the first time. Some species found on Observatory Hill in 2012/2013 have not been

previously known in Canada. One new species of the genus Cortinarius, Cortinarius parkeri

(see the cover photograph), has been described in the April 2012 issue of the journal Botany

(formerly called Canadian Journal of Botany). At least three more previously undescribed

species are being studied by mycologists who are specialists in these particular groups of

fungi. The most interesting find still remains a bluish fungus that appeared again on the same

trunk of a fallen Garry oak as in 2012/2013. Internationally renowned mycologists in Europe

and the eastern US have not been able to agree on the genus where the fungus should belong.

DNA sequencing has been done on our samples and they indicate that this will be described

as a new previously unknown species. It will be a species that is crucial to understanding the

evolution of the whole large family of taxonomically difficult fungi. In addition, the paper

that described a new species of Inocybe (I. chondroderma) referred to our collections of this

new species from Observatory Hill. Several other collections from Observatory Hill are

being studied by the Canadian expert on this group in cooperation with mycologists in

Sweden and their study will most probably lead to the description of a new genus.

Prof. J. Ammirati has been working on collections of the genus Cortinarius from

Observatory Hill that have been already DNA sequenced at the University of British

Columbia and according to his opinion, his study may result in the description of several new

species.

Introduction

Since the beginning of the 1990’s, there has been a renewed interest in the study of

biodiversity. It was recognized that more attention should be paid to the study of global,

national and local biodiversity. Hawksworth (2001) estimated that there were about 1.5

million fungal species. E.M. Fries (1825), one of the great founders of mycology, considered

fungi equivalent to insects in terms of species number.

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O. Ceska - A Survey of Macrofungi on Observatory Hill: Spring 2012 and Winter 2012/2013

Most of the inventories have been short-term, and this is inadequate when one aims to obtain

a full list of fungal species in an area. There are several well-known sites, all in Europe, that

have been visited by mycologists for more than 20 years.

Kindrogen Field Centre, Perthshire, UK, was used by R. Watling for running field courses

over 30 years. Watling (1995) observed that the number of new additional species started to

level off after about six years, then rose more slowly and almost reached a plateau after 19

years. He also concluded that the intensity of the study is critical to the completeness of the

survey.

The two best-known sites with long-term fungal inventories are both in England: Esher

Common (about 400 ha) in Surrey and Slapton Ley National Nature Reserve (about 200 ha)

in Devon. Results of these field studies clearly demonstrate the need for long-term fungal

inventories. Both these sites have been studied for more than 25 years, but they continue to

yield new, previously unrecorded species. This happens when new ecological niches are

being examined or when more specialists visit the site. Since 1969, about 64 mycologists

have visited Slapton Ley National Reserve and participated in the mycological survey there.

This survey yielded 2,344 species identified in this National Reserve by 1995 (Hawksworth

2001). In spite of the fact that Esher Common in Surrey and Slapton Ley National Nature

Reserve in Devon are both similar in their ecology, it is estimated that only about 40 per cent

of fungal species have been recorded in both sites.

Kendrick (2005) discussed the rare and common occurrence of fungal species using results

from several long-term surveys. He also included the first long-term study from Vancouver

Island (Roberts et al. 2004). This was a five-year study of macrofungi of Clayoquot Sound

and I was involved in this particular study. We recorded 551 species, but only 28 species

reoccurred in every year of this study. On average, we found over 100 new species in the

study area every year.

Based on a review of several long-term mycological surveys, Kendrick (2005) concluded that

1) there are not many common macrofungi that would be found every year on a site;

2) there are more rarely fruiting or occasionally fruiting fungi than those that are

common; and

3) the investigators should anticipate moderate numbers of previously unrecorded

species every new year of an ongoing field survey.

For instance, in a 21-year survey of a Swiss forest, only eight species out of the total 408

species recorded were found every year of the survey (Straatsma et al. 2001).

Kendrick (2005) also analyzed species lists from 16 successive annual mushroom shows

organized by the Cascade Mycological Society in Eugene, Oregon. The total number of

species displayed in the 16 years of mushroom shows was close to 700 species.

Based on this study, Kendrick divided species according to their rarity into five groups:

1. Ubiquitous or abundant: a fungus must occur in every year. Applies to about 5 per

cent of taxa recorded in the Cascade Mycological Society (CMS) database.

2. Common: a fungus must be recorded 4 years out of five. Applies to just over 10 per

cent of the taxa recorded in the CMS database.

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3. Sporadic or occasional: taxa recorded in 2 or 3 years out of 10. Applies to about 35

per cent of the taxa recorded by the CMS.

4. Uncommon or infrequent: those taxa which occurred in only 1 year out of 5 or less

often, down to 1 year in 10. Applies to about 20 per cent of the taxa recorded by the

CMS.

5. Rare: those taxa that occurred less often than 1 year in 10. This applies to almost 30

per cent of the taxa recorded by the CMS.

Hawksworth (2001) also compares the number of fungi species with the number of vascular

plants on the sites with fungal inventories in England. Based on the inventories in the Slapton

Ley National Nature Reserve, there are about five- to six-times more species of fungi than

species of vascular plants.

Study Area

Observatory Hill (also called Little Saanich Mountain) is a hill 224 m high between

Beaver/Elk and Prospect Lakes. Its elevation is 224 m above the sea level and the total area

of the property is 71.4 ha.

The plant communities are typical of the Coastal Douglas-fir Biogeoclimatic Zone. The drier

western and southern slopes in the upper parts of Observatory Hill are open rock outcrops

with a mosaic of mossy/grassy vegetation and several stands of Garry oak (Quercus

garryana).

The mixed forest of Observatory Hill can be classified as mid-successional (45-80 years).

Forest age is a factor in determining species composition of macrofungi, especially of the

mycorrhizal fungi. Chronosequence studies suggest that forest structure, slope and exposure

are more important factors than age for certain species (Norvell & Exeter 2004). However,

the greatest richness in species was found in more complex, late-successional mixed forests.

Stands dominated by Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) are the major vegetation forest

types in the study area. In the lower, colluvial slopes the forests belong to the Pseudotsuga

menziesii – Gaultheria shallon and Pseudotsuga menziesii – Mahonia nervosa site series;

whereas on the upper parts of the top plateau the forests belong to the drier Pseudotsuga

menziesii – Melica subulata site series as defined by Green & Klinka (1994).

The area at the eastern base of the hill below the access road is covered with wetter Douglasfir

forest (Thuja plicata – Eurhynchium oreganum site series) with scattered big-leaf maple

(Acer macrophyllum). Big-leaf maple forms a small stand along a small ephemeral stream at

the bottom of this area.

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Methodology

Between April 14, 2012, and March 17, 2013, we visited the study area 40 times: twice in

April (April 14 & 28), four times in May (May 13, 14, 25, & 28), three times in June (June 5,

20, & 29), three times in July (July 4, 18, & 20), no visit in August, one visit in September

(September 12), three times in October (October 5, 17 & 25), six visits in November

(November 4, 8, 9, 12, 24, & 25), seven times in December (December 1, 2, 4, 12, 14, 21, &

24), four times in January (6, 20, 21, & 25), four times in February (February 3, 15, 20, &

27), and two times in March (March 3 & 17).

In my survey, I followed the Intuitive Controlled Survey Method as described by the US

Bureau of Land Management in their numerous survey manuals. The methodology of

mycological surveys was described in Roberts et al. (2004) and also in Castellano et al.

(1999).

Figure 1. Observatory Hill (Nature Areas Atlas: http://www.crd.bc.ca/maps/natural/atlas.htm ).

For simplicity, three main ecosystems in the study area were distinguished:

1. the mosaic of open, mossy rock outcrops with Quercus garryana/Arbutus

menziesii/Pseudotsuga menziesii patches or small stands;

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2. the mixed drier forest with Pseudotsuga menziesii-Gaultheria shallon and

Pseudotsuga menziesii-Mahonia nervosa;

3. the wetter forest with Pseudotsuga menziesii, Thuja plicata, and Acer

macrophyllum.

Voucher specimens for most of the species collected on the site were preserved and will be

deposited in the University of British Columbia Herbarium in Vancouver, BC.

Representative specimens were photographed.

There is a general misunderstanding that macrofungi can be easily identified without using a

microscope and only with the help of field guides. In fact, proper identification requires a

compound microscope and appropriate taxonomic literature with good keys. In some cases,

specialized monographs that deal with only one genus are necessary for reliable

identification. According to Castellano et al. (1999, p. M-3) “three to four days of lab work

should be anticipated for each successful day of field work.” Our experience from this survey

and other surveys shows that this statement is well justified.

Climate of the year 2012

Spring 2012 was cold and wet, similar to the spring of 2011. Even in June, when the

temperature got higher, the rain was persistent. From May 21 to June 20, it was raining

continuously with a steady drizzle or light rain. June 2012 was nicknamed “Juneuary” by the

local newspaper. According to meteorologists, this weather was driven by a persistent

stationary low-pressure area along the western edge of the continent.

Some minor precipitation in July was followed by a period of 100 days of sunshine without

any rain. That made August and September 2013 the driest months on record. This weather

situation led meteorologists to predict first an El Niño cycle for the fall. When it failed to

happen, they forecasted a more normal weather for the winter 2012/13, even with 40 cm of

snow. Instead, Victoria had above normal temperatures, rainfall, and sunshine in November

and no snow.

In December 2012, the weather was more normal; stormy, but mild, and with some snowfall

only on the Malahat on Christmas Day.

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Walter & Lieth Climate Diagrams for Victoria, BC

Climate diagrams display monthly averages of temperature

and total monthly precipitation over a year. In the diagrams,

monthly precipitation (blue line) is plotted against the

monthly mean temperature (red line), where 10°C

corresponds to 20 mm of precipitation. The dotted area,

where 2005 the precipitation curve dips below the 2006 temperature

curve, indicates the magnitude and duration of the drought

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Figure 2. Climate diagrams of the Victoria Intl. Airport weather station.

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Current 2012/2013 collecting season

The total number of macrofungi found during the survey on Observatory Hill in 2012/2013

was 415 species. Out of this number, 75 species (18%) were mycorrhizal, and the remaining

340 (82%) were non-mycorrhizal. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) is the major

mycorrhizal host tree, and there are about 2,000 fungal species that form mycorrhizal

associations with this species throughout its area of distribution. Interesting, but also less

known, are the species that form mycorrhizal associations with arbutus (Arbutus menziesii).

On the other hand, western red-cedar (Thuja plicata) and big-leaf maple (Acer

macrophyllum) do not form mycorrhizal associations.

In 2012 we had a record drought. Consequently, the number of species in 2012/2013 was the

lowest since 2006, a year that was also one of the driest years on record. The total number of

species in 2012/2013 was 415 whereas in 2006/2007 the total number was 306 species.

The weather in spring 2012 was wet and very similar to the spring of 2011. This rainy

condition lingered longer than it did in 2011. June 2012 was exceptionally wet. This was the

result of persistent low pressure area along the western edge of the North American

continent. Many mycorrhizal species were collected during this period. There were 35 spring

mycorrhizal species out of all of the 75 species (46%). The rainy spring was reflected in the

number of new species collected in 2012/2013 season. There were 22 (39%) out of all the 56

new species collected in this season. The majority of mycorrhizal species are usually most

abundant in the fall. On Observatory Hill, the most important genera of mycorrhizal fungi

are Inocybe and Cortinarius. They occur both in spring and in fall, but in the average years,

the numbers of species of these two genera are higher in the fall than in spring. In 2012,

there were 12 out of the total of 18 species of the genus Inocybe collected in the spring. Four

species of the genus Cortinarius out of the total of 8 occurred in the spring.

Some interesting species new for Observatory Hill were collected in the period from April to

July 20, 2012, such as two false truffles, Hysterangium separabile and Hymenogaster

subalpinus. Another interesting species was a spring ascomycete, Tarzetta cupularis .

The longest period of drought started in the second half of July. There was no precipitation in

August, and several insignificant showers in mid-September and again in the middle of

October, when we had the first measurable rain on October 11, 2012.

Those insignificant showers in September and October had no effect on growing fungi. Some

response was noticed only on a few wood fungi, such as Phaeolus schweinitzii , both below

the road and on the ridge. New growth of this species was seen from October 5 to October

17, 2012. At the same time, the forest was extremely dry, and sword fern leaves were wilted

flat on the ground, and many leaves were already brown. This was mostly on the eastern

slope, where some patches of salal were getting brown as well.

We also went to see the area along the ephemeral creek, but even there it was dry. The only

spot still wet was a small wetland that is connected to the ephemeral creek. There we found

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several interesting fungi, such as three new species for Observatory Hill: Hebeloma helodes,

and two Alnicola species, Alnicola alnetorum and Alnicola suavis. All three species are

mycorrhizal species, associated with alder or willows.

By the end of October 2012, there was an explosion of Strobilurus trullisatus when many

Douglas-fir cones were covered with this little fungus.

Heavy rains at the beginning of November triggered only a few mycorrhizal fungi. The first

mycorrhizal fungi that showed up were Gomphidius smithii, Gomphidius subroseus, and

Suillus caerulescens. That was in the areas of western red-cedar forest, especially the one

below the road. In the Douglas-fir forest on the ridge, the first mycorrhizal fungi appeared

later, at the end of November and beginning of December. Even then we have seen only three

mycorrhizal species: Hebeloma lutense, Suillus caerulescens and Cortinarius cinnamomeus.

The situation with mycorrhizal species was slightly better on the southern slope, where we

saw three species of Gomphidius and one species of each Inocybe, Cortinarius and Hebeloma

that showed up at the beginning of December.

In the middle of December, there were still only three mycorrhizal species, Gomphidius

subroseus, Gomphidius smithii, and Suillus caerulescens in the Douglas-fir forest on the

ridge. After the ground frost of December 14, 2012, all the mycorrhizal species there

disappeared.

In late December, there was a greater variety of mycorrhizal fungi in the western red-cedar

forest. Also along the road, there were more mycorrhizal species than there were in the

forest.

At the beginning of 2013, there were no mycorrhizal species in the Douglas-fir forest on the

ridge from January to March, except a single Inocybe lilacina in February. In the western

red-cedar forest, several mycorrhizal species appeared sporadically from January to the end

of March 2013. In January it was Inocybe pudica, Lactarius subviscidus, Inocybe geophylla,

and the only Russula, Russula raoultii. In February, we saw Lactarius argillaceifolius and

Clavulina cristata. In March, there was only one mycorrhizal fungus, Ramaria rubricarnata

var. verna.

The growth of non-mycorrhizal fungi in the fall was not too much affected by the longlasting

summer drought. They appeared shortly after the first rain in the middle of October

and continued to fruit through the fall and winter.

In summary, the spring season of 2012 was relatively good, but prolonged summer drought

resulted in the poorest fall season since we started this project. Heavy rains in November and

December failed to trigger fruiting of the mycorrhizal fungi. That indicates that the damage

to the mycelium by drought was significant. Trees might have been so stressed by the

drought that they were not able to support the growth of mycorrhizal fungi.

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Results and trends from long-term observations:

winter 2004 through spring 2013

From November 2004 to the end of March 2013, a total of 1,166 species of macrofungi were

identified and recorded from the study area. The cumulative growth of the number of species

identified after each season is illustrated in Figure 3:

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Figure 3. Cumulative increase of number of species found since the start of the surveys in 2004.

(RED: newly recorded; BLUE: previously recorded)

Table 1 shows the distribution of macrofungi in the three habitat types during the last eight

seasons. The number of species in Garry oak and Douglas-fir habitats were considerably

lower than in the previous three years. This was due to the severe drought that resulted in a

short fruiting season in the fall.

Habitat type 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/9 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13

Garry oak+ rock outcrops 200 210 264 301 290 327 303 177

Douglas-fir 180 151 271 152 227 209 192 167

Western red cedar 159 135 300 250 313 350 234 235

Table 1. Distribution of macrofungi in the three habitat types during the last eight seasons.

There were 45 (11%) species that occurred in all three habitat types, 74 (18%) species that

occurred in two habitat types, and 296 (71%) species that occurred only in one habitat type:

Number of habitats 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13

One habitat type 186 172 219 295 309 360 321 296

Two habitat types 73 78 129 105 108 126 108 74

All three habitat types 66 56 119 66 103 93 63 45

Total 325 306 467 466 520 579 492 415

Table 2. Number of species that occurred in a single habitat and in two or all three habitat types.

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Number of Habitats 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13

One habitat type 57% 56% 47% 63% 60% 62% 65% 71%

Two habitat types 23% 26% 28% 23% 21% 22% 23% 18%

All three habitat types 20% 18% 25% 14% 19% 16% 12% 11%

Table 3. Percentage of species that occurred in a single habitat and in two or all three habitat types.

The majority of the species found since 2004 were those species that have been found only in

one season (Figure 4).This distribution follows the pattern described by Kendrick (2005) in

other macrofungal collecting events.

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Figure 4. Number of species found in one, two, three, four, etc. years, and every year.

In the first year of the survey, the 2004/2005 season, the survey started too late and the data

could serve only as a preliminary list. Since the 2005/2006 season, the Observatory Hill

survey has yielded, on average, a total of 306 to 579 species per season. Mycorrhizal species

formed a smaller portion (17 – 35%) of the total number of species (see Figures 5 & 6).

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Figure 5. Number of species found in each collecting season.

(RED: non-mycorrhizal species, BLUE: mycorrhizal species)

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Figure 6.

Percentage of mycorrhizal species found in each collecting season.

Progress in the study of the ectomycorrhizal species is constantly increasing our knowledge

of what species of fungi are observed to be associated with plants, mostly trees. This is done

either by studying root-tip morphology, or by root-tip molecular identification using DNA

sequencing. The research in this field is still far from complete. On the basis of a recent

article on ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity (Comandini et al. 2012), I applied new evidence

on ectomycorrhizal fungi to our data and the results are shown in Figure 5 & 6.

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Based on the list in Comandini et al. (2012), I adjusted all the data since the start of the

project in 2004. The major changes from previous lists result in the addition of several

ascomycete genera, such a false morels, Peziza, etc., a few genera of resupinate fungi, such

as Tomentella, and a few others. When I updated the counts, it changed the percentage of

ectomycorrhizal fungi on Observatory Hill to about 17 to 35 % (from 14 to 27% before).

Figure 6 also clearly shows the effect of extreme 2006 drought when the ectomycorrhizal

species of fungi were at their lowest.

Genus

2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13

(M= mycorrhizal)

Clitocybe 13 8 15 7 8 9 5 8

Cortinarius M 13 7 17 13 20 20 26 8

Galerina 25 28 26 21 22 18 18 25

Hebeloma M 6 2 7 8 10 3 3 2

Inocybe M 22 11 27 26 31 40 33 18

Lactarius M 4 2 3 5 5 5 5 3

Lepiota 7 9 12 7 4 9 5 1

Mycena 28 46 48 41 38 42 33 32

Nolanea 8 8 8 7 12 10 7 9

Psathyrella 8 10 15 10 9 5 10 9

Russula M 13 6 15 11 18 19 21 1

Tricholoma M 8 4 9 9 9 11 10 3

Table 4. Number of species in the most common mycorrhizal (M) and non-mycorrhizal genera in

seasons 2005/06, 2006/07, 2007/08, 2008/09, 2009/2010, 2010/2012, and 2012/2013.

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• Nolanea

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• Mycena

Figure 7. Number of species in the most species-rich non-mycorrhizal genera

in eight collecting seasons.

(We omit the data of the 2004/2005 season because its survey started too late.)

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• Hebeloma

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Figure 8. Number of species in the most species-rich mycorrhizal genera in

eight collecting seasons.

(We omit the data of the 2004/2005 season because its survey started too late.)

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New species for science that were collected on Observatory Hill

during this survey

Cortinarius parkeri

Figure 9. Cortinarius parkeri

I collected this Cortinarius in 2006 and 2007 in the forest on the southern slope above the

former care-taker’s house. I originally identified it as Cortinarius subannulatus, a European

species. Prof. J. Ammirati had several collections of this Cortinarius from different sites

from Washington State. He studied our collections from Observatory Hill and from two other

sites on southern Vancouver Island. Based on those specimens and other specimens collected

in the state of Washington, Prof. Ammirati described a new species, Cortinarius parkeri

(Ammirati et al. 2012). I became one of the co-authors, both of the article and the species. On

April 14, 2012, Cortinarius parkeri appeared again, for the first time since 2007, this time in

the forest on the ridge behind the smaller dome.

Inocybe chondroderma

Inocybe chondroderma is a species that was just recently described (Matheny et al. 2013).

This species appears to be relatively common in the coastal areas of the Pacific Northwest.

The genus Inocybe is a large genus that is difficult to identify. At the same time it is an

important mycorrhizal genus in our dried Douglas-fir forests. Since about 2000 I have made

many collections of this genus and donated almost 1,300 specimens to the University of

British Columbia herbarium. Among this material, there were many collections of Inocybe

from Observatory Hill.

In 2010, Dr. Mary Berbee, the UBC mycologist, had a graduate student who worked on the

DNA sequencing. Over 570 of my collections were sequenced. Based on the UBC DNA

sequencing, 5 Observatory Hill specimens (and about 7 of my other collections from

southern Vancouver Island) turned out to be this new species.

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Figure 10. Inocybe chondroderma

Inocybe chondroderma is the only species of Inocybe in the Pacific Northwest that gives a

positive blue turquoise reaction with Ehrlich reagent. This test works most reliably only on

fresh sporocarps. DNA sequencing is apparently the only way to identify this species reliably

from older specimens, and there might be more collections of this species found among the

UBC material that has not been sequenced yet.

Several other rare and interesting fungi found in the 2012/2013

survey

Truffles

So far we don’t have true truffles (genus Tuber) on Observatory Hill. In the Victoria area, the

true truffle, Tuber gibbosum, was found for the first time last year. True truffles that belong

to the ascomycetes are mostly associated with Garry oak and Douglas-fir. Theoretically, they

could also occur on Observatory Hill, but we have not found them yet. False truffles, on the

other hand, belong to basidiomycetes. Last year we were lucky to find two false truffles on

Observatory Hill, i.e., Hysterangium separabile and Hymenogaster subalpinus.

All truffles are underground. Some are close to the soil surface and others are deep in the

soil. Looking for truffles is quite destructive, since it requires raking of the soil, or the help of

especially trained dogs or pigs.

During our survey, we found several Rhizopogon species, usually in sandy soil along the

paved road. These false truffles are usually buried only partly in the soil and they are easy to

spot without digging. In 2011/12 we found another false truffle, Alpova diplophloeus, in the

area along the ephemeral creek. This species is associated with alder and it is also only

partially buried.

15


Figure 11. Alpova diplophloeus

Two new species from last year are usually completely covered and they grow right in the

interface between the layer of duff and soil and the hard soil underneath. The first species we

found was Hysterangium separabile on April 28, 2012, in the area below the road next to the

trail.

Figure 12. Hysterangium separabile

On one spot along the trail, I saw some signs of digging. One small fruiting body was left

exposed on the surface. Small rodents and squirrels love all kinds of truffles and are attracted

by their strong odour when fully ripe. When we removed some soil around the digging, there

was a whole nest of white fruiting bodies of various sizes and various degrees of ripening.

Hysterangium separabile is the most common spring false truffle in the Pacific Northwest.

16


In May 28, 2012, we found Hymenogaster subalpinus in a small depression on the eastern

slope. This area is usually under water in winter. The unpleasantly smelling, white, and soft

re?."

ti4rfti•

le?

7.-41.16 V

Figure 13. Hymenogaster subalpinus

fruiting bodies were right under a thick layer of leaves. This is also one of the most common

winter false truffle species in the Pacific Northwest. Because this particular site is wet and

cold for a long time, it was fruiting in the late spring.

Deer mushroom – Pluteus species

Figure 14. Pluteus petasatus

Pluteus cervinus is our most common species of deer mushrooms. It grows on decaying

wood and appears in spring or in early fall on logs. On June 20, 2012, we came across one

single log with four different species of this genus. It is quite unusual that more species

would grow on the same log at the same time. All of these species were closely related to the

common Pluteus cervinus, but they differ by some microscopic characters.

17


Figure 15. Pluteus section Hispidoderma

Two of them were new to Observatory Hill: Pluteus petasatus and the other one was yet an

undescribed species, so far identified only to the section Hispidoderma by the California

Pluteus specialist, Dr. Else Vellinga from UC Berkeley.

Galerina vexans

Figure 16. Galerina vexans

Genus Galerina is a large genus with many species that cannot be identified without using a

microscope. Most of the species are small, rusty brown throughout and they grow in moss or

on decaying wood. Galerina vexans is a rare species that is an exception in the genus by

being canary yellow. On Observatory Hill it came out at the beginning of November 2012 on

a patch of Dicranum scoparium moss in open Douglas-fir forest.

Psathyrella cernua

On January 25, 2013 we found Psathyrella cernua growing on decaying parts of an old

maple close to the ephemeral creek. It was on the same tree where we have already collected

it in 2005 and 2012. We have monitored this particular tree since the year 2005 and it was

interesting to see that there was no fruiting of it between the years 2005 and 2012.

18


Figure 17. Psathyrella cernua

This species is distinct from any other of our species of this large genus by having cystidia

incrusted with crystals (see photo).

Hymenochaete corrugata and Hymenochaete fuliginosa

In January 2013, we collected two interesting fungi that belong to the same genus. They are

very inconspicuous, although that they are not too small.

• •

I • 1. 0,0

sr '

■••••

•

•

141414; . 4" •

Figure 18. Hymenochaete corrugata

Hymenochaete corrugata was seen on two separate sites on Observatory Hill. They grew on

dead branches of Arbutus menziesii that still hang on the tree. This fungus is grayish-brown

and it covers the lower side of the branch almost completely.

I found Hymenochaete fuliginosa only by chance when I collected a piece of wood covered

with a white resupinate fungus. When I was identifying the white fungus under the

microscope, I noticed this particular species that is dark brown.

19


Figure 19. Hymenochaete fuliginosa

Both of these Hymenochaete species are characterized by numerous dark brown bristles that

are easily seen, even with a magnifying lens. These two species can be identified by the

shape of the bristles and the thickness of the fruiting body.

Marasmiellus vaillantii

Figure 20. Marasmiellus vaillantii

Since we started the Observatory Hill fungi survey, I have been looking in vain for a small

fungus with caps 5-8 mm in diameter that grows on old decaying leaves of slough sedge,

Carex obnupta. Slough sedge is growing along the ephemeral creek. This fungus requires

very damp weather in summer, since it is fragile and dries out easily. In British Columbia it

is more common in areas with summer rain. Last year the whole spring and early summer

were unusually wet and cloudy, just right conditions for this fungus. It was collected on July

20, 2012.

20


Stereum gausapatum

This Stereum was growing on a dead tree of Garry oak and it covered its whole base. This

fungus is specific to oak (genus Quercus) and that makes it easy to identify. In our area, it is

Figure 21. Stereum gausapatum

one of the three Stereum species that have specialised hyphae filled with reddish-brown

liquid. When the surface of the fruiting body is scratched, it immediately “bleeds” as these

specialized hyphae release their contents (see the upper left-most fruiting body).

Lactarius argillaceifolius var. megacarpus

Figure 22. Lactarius argillaceifolius var. megacarpus

This is a relatively large milky cap - genus Lactarius. Our collection has a cap 7 cm in

diameter. It has pale colours and viscid cap and stipe. It grows in California in late fall and

winter. Our last winter was very mild and that might have helped this more southern species

to produce fruiting body even that far north on February 27, 2013.

21


Ramaria rubricarnata var. verna

Figure 23. Ramaria rubricarnata var. verna

This is a new spring Ramaria for Observatory Hill. On March 3, 2013, we came across a

large group of bright yellow-orange Ramaria near a small wetland at the southern boundary.

In previous years, we have collected two other spring species of Ramaria: a greyishcoloured

Ramaria marrii and a yellow Ramaria rasilispora var. rasilispora.

Fungi on bark of living trees

In 2011/12 we found several interesting fungi living on bark of Garry oak (Quercus

garryana). Last December we found another two species that prefer to grow on bark. One is

also growing on Garry oak, the other one on maple (Acer macrophyllum).

Both types of bark are thick and remain on trees for many years. The exact place where you

can see these two fungi is quite different.

dt

j 2Zeegf

6.44

11 *6-4

of

yym

2V36,tt Igrtt'"'"ita.

Figure 24. Oedohysterium insidens

22


Oedohysterium insidens (an ascomycete) is growing right on the surface of the bark, on both

Garry oak and maple. The fruiting body is minute, black and thick-walled with only a narrow

split protecting the inner part from desiccation.

Figure 25. Lasiobelonium corticale (left-fruiting bodies; right-cross-section of a fruiting body ca. 1 mm

across)

The other species, Lasiobelonium corticale, also an ascomycete, has the reproductive layer

open in wet weather, but a dense cover of hairs on the margin of the fruiting body can close

over it when the weather is dry. To combat the sudden changes in moist and dry conditions, it

grows only in deep crevices of an old maple bark.

Update to the 2011/2012 Report

Claudopus byssisedus

The first fruiting bodies were observed on December 4, and again on December 21, 2012.

In 2011, the first fruiting bodies appeared on November 15, almost three weeks earlier than

in 2012. The site looks again almost the same as it did before the destruction of the site by

heavy rains in previous years; nevertheless, the number of fruiting bodies is still very low.

Tubaria punicea

Fruiting bodies of an early stage of development were observed on November 4, 2012 and by

November 12 there were several well-developed fruiting bodies. Tubaria punicea was then

fruiting through the November, December and January. On January 20, 2013 we observed

the last, old, drying fruiting body. In 2011, the first fruiting body was observed in October

25, ten days earlier. It also continued fruiting until January 2012. Delayed fall rains were

obviously responsible for the late start of fruiting.

23


Discussion

Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) is exceptionally rich in symbiotic relationships. As

many as 2000 species may be associated with it throughout its area of distribution (Trappe

1977). Arbutus (Arbutus menziesii) is probably also quite rich in mycorrhizal species, but no

extensive studies have been done on it because it has no commercial value as timber. In our

area, Garry oak (Quercus garryana) is disappointingly poor in forming symbiotic

relationships in comparison with other parts of their area of distribution in Washington,

Oregon and California. Lesser components of mixed forest on Observatory Hill, such as

grand fir (Abies grandis), are also mycorrhizal, but probably less important in terms of their

mycorrhizal associations.

Western red-cedar (Thuja plicata) and big-leaf maple (Acer macrophyllum) are considered

trees without fungal symbiosis and their stands host mostly saprophytic or wood-decaying

fungi.

On the margin of this forest higher up the slope or directly below the summit of the hill,

arbutus (Arbutus menziesii) and Garry oak (Quercus garryana) come into contact with

Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). This transition is usually the richest in fungal diversity

and it hosts many mycorrhizal macrofungi. On Observatory Hill, patches or even small

stands of pure Quercus garryana are relatively poor in terms of their fungal component. This

is very surprising because oak forests including those of Garry oak are known to be rich in

fungi within their area of distribution in Washington, Oregon and California. Mossy open

rock outcrops and grassy meadows have specific but not very diverse mycoflora. However,

in the year 2010, the unusual weather conditions due to La Niña resulted in the appearance

for the first time of some species known to be associated with Garry oak, such as Boletus

appendiculatus, Clavariadelphus occidentalis, Cortinarius turmalis, Hygrophorus sordidus,

and Russula brunneoviolacea.

Various fungal inventory studies demonstrate that there is a relatively small number of

common fungi that occur every year (Kendrick 2005). The majority of fungi are uncommon

or rare, and they occur only in some years. In order to get a better picture of the biodiversity

of fungi, it is necessary to conduct long-term studies wherein the same area is visited and

fungi identified for many years. Some studies of this kind have already been done and

species of fungi were collected that had not been seen for decades.

The Pseudotsuga menziesii forests of the Washington and Oregon coasts have been studied

in recent years (Norvell & Exeter 2004), but it is difficult to compare them with our drier

version of Pseudotsuga menziesii forests that are usually mixed with Arbutus menziesii and

Quercus garryana. The most species-rich genera of fungi there are Cortinarius, Inocybe and

Russula. Unfortunately, the species belonging to these genera are difficult to identify.

Determining the overall frequency or rarity of encountered species on Southern Vancouver

Island is very difficult. To our knowledge, no inventory of mycoflora has been done for dry

Douglas-fir/Arbutus forests. Pamela Janszen of Saturna Island compiled a macrofungi

inventory of Saturna Island Ecological Reserve for the Friends of Ecological Reserves, and

she also made an inventory of Winter Cove Park (Saturna Island) for British Columbia Parks.

24


Both inventories were done from August 30, 1997, to January 29, 2000. In 30 visits to the

Ecological Reserve and 22 trips to the Winter Cove Park, she identified 200 and 117 species

of macrofungi, respectively.

Dr. Ian Gibson, a member of the South Vancouver Island Mycological Society (SVIMS),

keeps a list of species known from Southern Vancouver Island. It is based on herbarium

collections housed in the Pacific Forestry Centre on Burnside Rd. in Victoria, in herbarium

collections at UBC, and in various personal collections. It also incorporates material seen on

annual mushroom shows organized by SVIMS in Victoria and various SVIMS forays. This

list also indicates which species are abundant (a), common (c), uncommon (u), and rare (r).

Gibson’s list is a work in progress, and it is far from being complete. Our list of species from

Observatory Hill has the rare species (as defined by the SVIMS lists) marked with a single

asterisk. Out of these, the species marked with two asterisks are those species which are,

indeed, very rare or which have not been seen before in our area.

Long-term surveys are needed in order to obtain a “complete” list of macrofungi from a

given area. Previous studies showed that the surveys for macrofungi could yield new species

even after decades of surveying. In our Clayoquot Sound study (Roberts et. al. 2004) we

were finding about the same number of new, previously-not-encountered species every year

of our survey. This indicates that long-term surveys are needed in order to obtain a good

picture of the mycoflora of any area of interest.

Some ramifications of this study

My mycofloristic inventory of Observatory Hill got some public exposure when GOERT

made the 2009/2010 report available to the public on their web site:

http://www.goert.ca/documents/Macrofungi-Observatory-Hill-2009-2010.pdf

As an example, the Matheny et al. 2007 paper (I am a co-author) and my Observatory Hill

reports triggered a strong interest among Californian mycologists. They started to look for

Tubaria punicea and found about ten new sites for this fungus, of which only one site was

previously known from California. A new distribution map of Tubaria punicea has been

generated from the data in the “Mushroom Observer” web site:

http://mushroomobserver.org/location/map_locations?q=3woD

25


Our find of Squamanita paradoxa was reported in the Times-Colonist on December 30, 2009,

and in several other newspapers in western Canada. It was noticed by mycologists in both

North America and Europe. Our field photo of Squamanita paradoxa appeared in Matheny,

P.B. & G.W. Griffith. 2010. Mycoparasitism between Squamanita paradoxa and Cystoderma

amianthinum (Cystodermateae, Agaricales). Mycoscience 51: 456-461.

In July 2008, I provided Dr. Mary Berbee (UBC) with about 200 specimens of the genus

Cortinarius for the DNA study she is conducting in cooperation with Dr. Joe Ammirati

(University of Washington, Seattle). In July 2009, I donated to the UBC herbarium another

100 specimens of the genus Cortinarius for their DNA study. In summer 2010, I donated 250

specimens of Cortinarius and Inocybe to the University of British Columbia herbarium and

again over 600 specimens in 2012. About 30% of these specimens came from our

Observatory Hill project. In fact, repeated collections of one species from Observatory Hill

revealed some interesting peculiarities that would have gone undetected with just a single

sample. Preliminary results of this Cortinarius study suggest that in my collections from

Observatory Hill there is at least one new, as yet, undescribed, Cortinarius species, in

addition to Cortinarius parkeri Ammirati, Seidl & Ceska which has been published in the

journal Botany: Joseph F. Ammirati, Tess E. Barlow, Michelle T. Seidl, Oldriska Ceska,

Mary Berbee, Emma Harrower & Kare Liimatainen. 2012. Cortinarius parkeri, a new

species from the Pacific Northwest of North America. Botany 90(4): 327-335.

Emma Harrower, a UBC graduate student, who worked with Dr. Mary Berbee on the DNA

screening and taxonomy of the genus Cortinarius in British Columbia collections, finished

her Cortinarius study and the results were published in the journal Botany: Emma Harrower,

Joseph F. Ammirati, Adam A. Cappuccino, Oldriska Ceska, J.M. Kranabetter, Paul

Kroeger, Seara Lim, Terry Taylor & Mary L. Berbee. 2012. Cortinarius species diversity in

British Columbia and molecular phylogenetic comparison with European specimen

sequences. Botany 89(11): 799-810.

The Observatory Hill area has been ideal for following the phenology of Tubaria punicea

and Claudopus byssisedus. Indeed, the material of Tubaria punicea from Observatory Hill

was crucial to the solution of the taxonomic problems of this genus (see Matheny et al.

2007).

Acknowledgements

I would like to thank Drs. Joe Ammirati (University of Washington), Hans-Otto Baral, Tim

Baroni, Mary Berbee (UBC Vancouver), Ian Gibson (South Vancouver Island Mycological

Society, Victoria), Jim Ginns (retired from the DAOM herbarium in Ottawa), Brandon

Matheny (University of Tennessee), Machiel Noordeloos, Scott Redhead (DAOM herbarium

in Ottawa), Christian Schwarz, and Else Vellinga (University of California, Berkeley) for

help with identification of several species. Anonymous reviewers from the Mushroom

Observer (http://mushroomobserver.org/ ) also helped with identification of Observatory Hill

collections. My husband Adolf was my field assistant, photographer and computer operator.

26


Thanks are due to Clyde Donnelly and to Kevin Ferris for financial assistance. Thanks are

also due to Rebecca Mersereau and the Garry Oak Ecosystem Recovery Team (GOERT) for

finding funds for the 2012/2013 survey and taking interest in Garry oak ecosystems on

Observatory Hill. I would like to thank Dr. Paul Feldman for his interest and fundraising for

the 2012/2013 survey, and for his editorial help with this report. We also thank anonymous

donors for financial assistance.

References

Ammirati, J. F., T.E. Barlow, M.T. Seidl, O. Ceska, M. Berbee, E. Harrower, &

K. Liimatainen. 2012. Cortinarius parkeri, a new species from the Pacific

Northwest of North America. Botany 90(4): 327-335.

Arora, D. 1986. Mushrooms Demystified. Ten Speed Press. Berkeley, California.

959 p.

Castellano Michael A., Jane E. Smith, Thom O'Dell, Efren Cázares & Susan Nugent.

1999. Handbook to strategy 1: Fungal taxa in the Northwest Forest Plan. Gen.Tech.

Rep. PNW-GTR-476. Portland, OR: USDA Forest Service, PNW Research Station.

195 p.

Ceska, O. 2005. A survey of macrofungi, Mill Hill Regional Park: Fall 2004 and

winter 2004/2005. Manuscript deposited with the CRD Parks, Victoria. 37 p.

Ceska, O. & A. Ceska. 2008. Distribution of a mushroom Tubaria punicea on

southern Vancouver Island. BEN (Botanical Electronic News) 393 - May 15,

2008

http://www.ou.edu/cas/botany-micro/ben/ben393.html#4

Comandini, O., A.C. Rinaldi, & T.W. Kuyper. 2012. Measuring and estimating

ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity: a continuous challenge. Pp. 165-200 in

Pagano, M.C. [editor] Mycorrhiza:Occurrence in Natural and Restored

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Dobson, F.S. & D.L. Hawksworth. 1996. The Slapton fungal (including lichen)

survey: Inventorying and documenting changes in the Mycota. Field Studies 8: 677-

684.

Exeter, R.L., L. Norvell & E. Cázares. 2006. Ramaria of the Pacific Northwestern United

States. USDI BLM/OR/WA/PT-06/050-1792, Salem, Oregon. 157 p.

Fries, E.M. 1825. Systema Orbis Vegetabilis. Vol. 1. Typographia Academica, Lund.

Green, R.N. & K. Klinka. 1994. A Field Guide to Site Identification and Interpretation

For the Vancouver Forest Region. Land Management Handbook

Number 28. British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Victoria, B.C. ix+285 p.

http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/docs/Lmh/Lmh28.htm

Hansen, L. & H. Knudsen [eds.] 2000. Nordic Macromycetes. Vol. 1. Ascomycetes.

Nordsvamp, Copenhagen, Denmark. 309 p.

Hawksworth, D.L. 2001. The magnitude of fungal diversity: the 1.5 million species

estimate revisited. Mycological Research 105: 1422-1432.

Kendrick, B. 2005. Fungi – common, rare and in-between. BEN 347, April 15, 2005.

http://www.ou.edu/cas/botany-micro/ben/ben347.html#3

Largent, D.L. 1994. Entolomatoid Fungi of the Western United States and Alaska

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Mad River Press. Eureka California.

Matheny, P. B., L.L. Norvell, & E.C. Giles, E. C. 2012. A common new species of Inocybe

in the Pacific Northwest with a diagnostic PDAB reaction. Mycologia 105(2): 436-

446.

Matheny, P.B., E.C. Vellinga, N.L. Bougher, O. Ceska, P.-A. Moreau, M.A.

Neves, & J.F. Ammirati. 2007. Taxonomy of displaced species of Tubaria.

Mycologia 99(4): 569-585.

Norvell, L.L. & R.L. Exeter. 2004. Ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete diversity in Oregon

Coast Range Pseudotsuga menziesii forests – Preliminary observations. Pp. 159-189

in Cripps, C.L. Fungi in Forest Ecosystems: Systematics, Diversity, and Ecology.

The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY.

Redhead, S.A. 1988. Notes on the genus Xeromphalina (Agaricales, Xerulaceae) in

Canada: biogeography, nomenclature, taxonomy. Canadian Journal of Botany

66: 479-507.

Redhead, S.A. 1989. A biogeographical overview of the Canadian mushroom flora.

Canadian Journal of Botany 67: 3003-3062.

Roberts, C., O. Ceska, P. Kroeger, & B. Kendrick. 2004. Macrofungi from six habitats

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82: 1518-1538.

http://pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/cgi-bin/rp/rp2_tocs_e?cjb_cjb10-04_82

Straatsma, G., F. Ayer, & S. Egli. 2001. Species richness, abundance, and

phenology of fungal fruit bodies over 21 years in a Swiss forest plot.

Mycological Research 105: 515-523.

Trappe, J.M. 1977. Selection of fungi for ectomycorrhizal inoculation

in nurseries. Annual Review of Phytopathology 15: 203–222.

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28


Appendix 1: A list of macrofungi on Observatory Hill

in the three main habitats Spring 2012 – Winter 2012/2013

+ - found only once

++ found on two visits

+++ found more often

? - preliminary identification

Species

Garry oak

& outcrops

Douglas-fir

Western

red cedar

Agaricus hondensis + +

Agrocybe dura NEW +

Agrocybe praecox +

Aleurodiscus aurantius ** +

Aleurodiscus grantii +

Aleurodiscus penicillatus * + +++ ++

Alnicola alnetorum * NEW +

Alnicola melinoides +

Alnicola salicis ** +

Alnicola suavis ** +

Amanita gemmata +

Amanita pantherina +++ +

Amphinema byssoides +

Antrodia malicola * ++ ++ ++

Armillaria ostoyae + +

Arrhenia spathulata +

Ascobolus stercorarius +

Astraeus hygrometricus * ++

Athelia decipiens NEW +

Auriscalpium vulgare +++ +++ +++

Basidiodendron eyrei * + +

Bisporella citrina ++ +

Bisporella subpallida ** +

Bjerkandera adusta * NEW +

Botryobasidium candicans +

Botryobasidium conspersum +

Callistosporium luteo-olivaceum* + ++

Calocera cornea + + +++

29


Species

Garry oak

& outcrops

Douglas-fir

Western

red cedar

Calocera viscosa +

Calyptella capula +

Cantharellula umbonata * ++

Ceriporia purpurea ** ++

Ceriporia reticulata +

Ceriporiopsis subvermispora +

Chondrostereum purpureum * + ++

Chromosera cyanophylla * +++

Chrysomphalina aurantiaca * +++

Ciboria rufofusca +

Claudopus byssisedus ** +++

Clavaria tenuipes ** NEW + ++

Clavaria vermicularis ++

Clavulina cristata ++

Clavulinopsis laeticolor * +

Clitocybe dealbata +

Clitocybe deceptiva * +++

Clitocybe elegantula * +++ ++

Clitocybe harmajae +

Clitocybe obsoleta * +

Clitocybe trulliformis +++ +

Clitocybe trulliformis ? ** +

Clitocybe vibecina * +

Coccomyces dentatus +

Coltricia perennis +++

Coniophora puteana ** +

Conocybe tenera * +

Coprinellus impatiens ** ++

Coprinellus micaceus +

Coprinopsis lagopus ++

Cortinarius cinnamomeus ++

Cortinarius idahoensis ** +

Cortinarius leucopus * +

Cortinarius parkeri ** +

Cortinarius sertipes * +

Cortinarius velenovskyi * +

Cortinarius vernalis ? ++

30


Species

Garry oak

& outcrops

Douglas-fir

Western

red cedar

Cortinarius vernus ** + +

Crepidotus applanatus NEW +

Crepidotus mollis +++

Crucibulum laeve +++ + +

Cryptoporus volvatus +

Cudonia circinans ** NEW +

Cyathus olla * +

Cylindrobasidium laeve ** +

Cystoderma amianthinum +++ +++ ++

Cystoderma fallax +

Cystoderma granulosum +++ +

Cytidia stereoides ++

Dacrymyces capitatus * +

Dacrymyces ovisporus ** +

Dacrymyces palmatus +++ +++ +++

Dacrymyces stillatus * +

Dacryobolus karstenii NEW +

Deconica montana +++

Dencoeliopsis johnstonii * NEW +

Dendrothele candida +

Diatrype stigma NEW +

Endogone pisiformis * +

Entoloma hirtum ** NEW ++

Exidia glandulosa * +

Fomitopsis cajanderi +

Fomitopsis pinicola + ++ +++

Galerina camerina ++

Galerina castaneipes ** +

Galerina cedretorum var. cedretorum +

Galerina cerina var. longicystis * ++

Galerina cinnamomea ** + +

Galerina dimorphocystis var. dimorphocystis ++ ++ +++

Galerina evelata var. evelata * +++ ++

Galerina fallax f. fallax ** +

Galerina filiformis + +

Galerina heterocystis +++ +++ +++

Galerina jaapii f. jaapii +

31


Species

Garry oak

& outcrops

Douglas-fir

Western

red cedar

Galerina mammillata * +

Galerina marginata * +

Galerina nana * NEW +

Galerina oregonensis +++

Galerina pumila var. pumila + +++ +

Galerina sideroides * + +++

Galerina stylifera var. stylifera** +

Galerina subfiliformis var. subfiliformis +

Galerina tundrae * NEW +

Galerina unicolor * +

Galerina vexans ** NEW ++

Galerina vittiformis var. albescens f. bispora + ++

Galerina vittiformis var. vittiformis f.

+++ +++ ++

tetraspora *

Galerina vittiformis var. vittiformis f.

++ + +

vittiformis *

Ganoderma applanatum +

Ganoderma tsugae ++

Geoglossum umbratile ** +++

Gomphidius glutinosus * ++ +

Gomphidius oregonensis +

Gomphidius smithii ++ +

Gomphidius subroseus ++ + +

Gymnopilus picreus +

Gymnopilus sapineus & G. penetrans +++ ++ +

Gymnopus fuscopurpureus * + +++

Gyromitra esculenta ++

Hebeloma helodes * NEW +

Hebeloma lutense * +++ ++

Helvella compressa * ++

Helvella lacunosa ++ +

Helvella queletii * NEW +

Helvella villosa ** +

Hemimycena nebulophila ++

Hemimycena tortuosa ** + + +++

Hericium erinaceus +

Heterotextus luteus * + +++ +

Humaria hemisphaerica ** +

32


Species

Garry oak

& outcrops

Douglas-fir

Western

red cedar

Hyalorbilia inflatula * +

Hyaloscypha candida * NEW +

Hyaloscypha vitreola ++

Hydnum umbilicatum ++

Hydropus atramentosus ** NEW +

Hydropus scabripes ** ++

Hygrocybe miniata + ++

Hygrocybe psittacina * +

Hygrocybe russocoriacea * +

Hygrocybe singeri ** +

Hygrophoropsis olida +

Hygrophorus virgineus var. roseipes * NEW ++

Hymenochaete corrugata * NEW ++

Hymenochaete fuliginosa * NEW +

Hymenochaete tabacina * +++ +++ +++

Hymenogaster subalpinus * NEW +

Hymenoscyphus caudatus * +

Hymenoscyphus imberbis +

Hyphoderma argillaceum * +

Hyphoderma setigerum * +

Hyphodermella corrugata * +

Hyphodontia alutaria +

Hyphodontia aspera +

Hyphodontia crustosa + +

Hyphodontia floccosa +

Hyphodontia nespori +

Hyphodontia quercina + +

Hyphodontia sambuci +

Hyphodontia spathulata NEW + +

Hyphodontia subalutacea * +

Hypholoma capnoides +++ +

Hypholoma fasciculare + +

Hypochnicium lundellii NEW +

Hypocrea moravica * NEW +

Hypocrea pulvinata ** ++

Hypomyces cervinigenus ++ +

Hypoxylon rubiginosum * +

33


Species

Garry oak

& outcrops

Douglas-fir

Western

red cedar

Hysterangium separabile * NEW +

Hysterographium flexuosum NEW +

Inocybe amblyspora * ++

Inocybe assimilata ++

Inocybe calida ** +

Inocybe castanea +

Inocybe chelanensis * NEW +

Inocybe flocculosa var. flocculosa ** ++

Inocybe fuscidula var. fuscidula ** ++ +

Inocybe geophylla + ++

Inocybe inodora ** +

Inocybe lacera var. helobia * +

Inocybe lanuginosa +

Inocybe lilacina +++ ++

Inocybe mixtilis * +

Inocybe praetervisa ** +

Inocybe pudica * +++

Inocybe pusio ** +++

Inocybe salicis * +

Inocybe subcarpta ** +

Ischnoderma benzoinum +

Jahnoporus hirtus +

Kuehneromyces vernalis * +

Laccaria amethysteo-occidentalis + +

Laccaria laccata +

Lachnella alboviolascens ** +

Lachnellula calyciformis * +

Lachnellula gallica * +

Lachnum brevipilosum ** + +

Lachnum fasciculare * +

Lachnum pudibundum +

Lachnum virgineum +

Lactarius argillaceifolius var. megacarpus

+

** NEW

Lactarius occidentalis +

Lactarius subviscidus * +++

Laeticorticium minnsiae ++

Lanzia luteovirescens ** +

34


Species

Garry oak

& outcrops

Douglas-fir

Western

red cedar

Lasiobelonium corticale * NEW ++

Lentaria pinicola * +

Lepiota castanea * +

Leucopaxillus albissimus +

Lichenomphalia alpina * NEW +

Lichenomphalia umbellifera +++

Lycoperdon perlatum + +

Lycoperdon pyriforme +

Macrocystidia cucumis var. latifolia ** +

Marasmiellus candidus +++

Marasmiellus vaillantii * NEW +

Marasmius androsaceus * +

Marasmius plicatulus ++

Melanoleuca humilis +

Melanoleuca stridula + ++

Melanotus horizontalis ** ++

Meruliopsis corium * ++

Micromphale arbuticola +

Mollisia cinerea +

Morchella elata + +

Mucronella fusiformis ** +

Mucronella pendula ** NEW + +

Mucronella pulchra ** +

Multiclavula mucida * NEW +

Mycena acicula ** ++

Mycena adonis + ++

Mycena albissima * +++

Mycena amicta * +++ +++ +++

Mycena aurantiomarginata +

Mycena capillaris * +

Mycena cinerella ** +

Mycena citrinomarginata * ++ +

Mycena clavata ++ ++

Mycena corticola ** +++ +++

Mycena delicatella * ++ + +

Mycena elegantula * +

Mycena epipterygia +++

35


Species

Garry oak

& outcrops

Douglas-fir

Western

red cedar

Mycena filopes + +++

Mycena fusco-ocula + +

Mycena galopus + +

Mycena griseoviridis var. cascadensis *

+

NEW

Mycena haematopus var. marginata +

Mycena laevigata NEW ++

Mycena leptocephala ++ + +++

Mycena maculata + ++ +++

Mycena metata * + + +

Mycena olivaceomarginata +++

Mycena parabolica +++ +++

Mycena pura +++ ++

Mycena purpureofusca +++ +++ +++

Mycena rorida ++

Mycena sanguinolenta +

Mycena speirea ++ ++ +++

Mycena stannea * ++ +

Mycena subsupina + +

Mycena supina * +

Mycenella nodulosa ** +

Nemania aenea var. macrospora * +

Neodasyscypha cervina * NEW +

Nidula candida NEW ++

Nitschkia collapsa +

Nolanea cetrata f. cetrata * +++

Nolanea cetrata f. mediospora +

Nolanea farinolens * +

Nolanea fusciceps +

Nolanea hebes + +

Nolanea hirtipes * ++ +

Nolanea holoconiota * + ++ +

Nolanea lucida * + +

Nolanea pusillipapillata * +

Oedohysterium insidens NEW + + +

Oidium conspersum * NEW +

Omphalina obscurata ** +++

Orbilia delicatula ** +

36


Species

Garry oak

& outcrops

Douglas-fir

Western

red cedar

Otidea onotica * +

Panaeolina foenisecii * ++

Panaeolus fimicola NEW +

Panellus longinquus +

Panellus stipticus ** +++

Peniophora aurantiaca ** +

Peniophora cinerea * + + +

Peniophora decorticans +++

Peniophora incarnata * +++ +++

Peniophora polygonia ** +

Peniophorella praetermissa +

Phaeohelotium umbilicatum * ++ +

Phaeolus schweinitzii + ++

Phaeomarasmius rimulincola +

Phanerochaete sanguinea * +

Phanerochaete sordida + ++

Phellinus ferreus * + +++ ++

Phlebia livida ** +

Phlebia radiata * +

Phlebia rufa +

Phlebiella christiansenii ++

Pholiota decorata +

Pirex concentricus * +

Plectania melastoma * +

Pleurotus ostreatus +

Pluteus cervinus ++ ++

Pluteus petasatus * NEW ++

Pluteus podospileus f. minutissimus ** +

Pluteus pouzarianus ** +

Pluteus primus * ++

Pluteus romellii +

Pluteus sect. Hispidoderma NEW +

Pluteus thomsonii * ++

Polydesmia pruinosa ** + ++

Polyporus badius + + +

Propolis versicolor * + +

Psathyrella candolleana * ++

37


Species

Garry oak

& outcrops

Douglas-fir

Western

red cedar

Psathyrella cernua +

Psathyrella delineata NEW +

Psathyrella longistriata +++

Psathyrella olympiana ** ++

Psathyrella paradoxa ** + +

Psathyrella quercicola * NEW ++

Psathyrella senex ** +

Psathyrella vesiculocystis ** +

Pseudohydnum gelatinosum +++ +++ +++

Pseudombrophila cervaria +

Psilocybe inquilina * + +

Psilocybe phyllogena ** +

Radulomyces confluens +

Ramaria marrii ** +

Ramaria myceliosa ** +

Ramaria rubricarnata var. verna * NEW +

Ramaricium flavomarginatum +++

Ramariopsis kunzei * NEW +

Resupinatus applicatus ** +

Rhizopogon ellenae ** +++

Rhizopogon vinicolor * +

Rhodocollybia butyracea + ++

Rhodocollybia maculata +

Rhodocybe aureicystidiata ** +

Rhodocybe nitellina * + +

Rhodocybe roseiavellanea * +

Rhytisma punctatum +++ + +++

Rickenella fibula +++

Rickenella swartzii +

Russula raoultii +

Rutstroemia sydowiana NEW +

Sarcomyxa serotina +

Sarcosphaera coronaria +++

Schizopora paradoxa + ++ +++

Scleroderma cepa +

Scutellinia scutellata +

Simocybe rubi ** ++ +

38


Species

Garry oak

& outcrops

Douglas-fir

Western

red cedar

Simocybe sumptuosa ** ++

Skeletocutis alutacea +

Sphaerobolus stellatus * ++ +

Steccherinum ochraceum * + +

Steccherinum oreophilum * +

Stereum gausapatum * NEW +

Stereum hirsutum +++ +++ +++

Stereum ochraceoflavum * +++ +++ +++

Stereum sanguinolentum * + + +

Stictis radiata * +++ + ++

Stilbella fimetaria NEW +

Strobilurus albipilatus +++ +

Strobilurus trullisatus +++ +++ +++

Stropharia ambigua +++

Suillus caerulescens +++ +++ +

Suillus lakei ++

Tapesia fusca ++ +++

Tapinella panuoides +

Tarzetta cupularis * NEW +

Tephrocybe oldae ** +

Tephrocybe platypus * ++

Tetrapyrgos subdendrophora ** +

Tomentella calcicola NEW +

Trametes versicolor ++ +++

Trechispora microspora +

Tremella encephala * +

Tremella foliacea +

Tremellodendropsis tuberosa * +

Tremiscus helvelloides * +

Trichaptum abietinum +++ +++ +

Tricholoma pardinum +

Tricholoma scalpturatum ** +

Tricholoma sulphureum ++

Tubaria conspersa ++

Tubaria furfuracea * +

Tubaria hiemalis * ++ + +

Tubaria punicea ** +++ +

39


Species

Garry oak

& outcrops

Douglas-fir

Western

red cedar

Tubulicrinis glebulosus * + ++

Tubulicrinis subulatus +

Typhula erythropus ** + +++ ++

Tyromyces caesius + +++

Tyromyces chioneus + +

Tyromyces fragilis + +++

Tyromyces mollis* +

Uknown blue agaric ** +++

Unguiculella sp. * +

Velutarina rufo-olivacea +

Vuilleminia cystidiata * NEW +

Xenasma praeteritum NEW +

Xenasma tulasnelloideum +

Xeromphalina campanella +++ ++ ++

Xeromphalina cornui ** +

Xeromphalina fulvipes +++ +++ ++

Xylaria hypoxylon ++ +++ +++

Xylaria sp. NEW +

40


Appendix 2: Cumulative list of species from the last nine surveys

(2004/05, 2005/06, 2006/07, 2007/08, 2008/09, 2009/10, 2010/2011,

2011/12 & 2012/13)

Species

* - rarely identified

** - especially rare


Acanthophysellum lividocoeruleum

**

Agaricus arvensis

2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

Agaricus diminutivus x x x x x x

x

2011/

12

Agaricus hondensis x x x x x x x

Agaricus micromegathus x x x x

Agaricus niveolutescens *

Agaricus praeclaresquamosus x x x x x

Agaricus silvicola x x x x

Agrocybe dura

Agrocybe erebia * x x

Agrocybe praecox x x x x x

Agrocybe semiorbicularis

Alboleptonia ochracea * x x

Albotricha laetior

Albotricha washingtonensis

Aleurocystidiellum subcruentatum

x

**

Aleurodiscus aurantius ** x x x

Aleurodiscus grantii x x x x x x x x

Aleurodiscus penicillatus * x x x x x x x

Alnicola alnetorum *

Alnicola bohemica *

Alnicola melinoides x x

Alnicola salicis ** x x

Alnicola suavis ** x x

Alpova diplophloeus

Amanita brunnescens *

Amanita gemmata x x x x x

Amanita muscaria x x

Amanita muscaria yellow form

Amanita pachycolea*

Amanita pantherina x x x x x x x

Amanita porphyria x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

x

41


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

Amanita silvicola x x

2010/

11

2011/

12

Amphinema byssoides x x x

Antrodia carbonica *

Antrodia malicola * x x x x x x x

Antrodia serialis

Antrodiella semisupina *

Antrodiella sp.

Armillaria gallica ?

Armillaria ostoyae x x x x x x x x

Armillaria sinapina x x

Arrhenia spathulata x x x x x

Ascobolus stercorarius x x

Ascocoryne cylichnium **

x

Astraeus hygrometricus * x x x x x x x

Athelia bombacina

Athelia decipiens

Athelia fibulata *

Athelia neuhoffii

Athelidium sp. *

Auriscalpium vulgare x x x x x x x x x

Baeospora myosura

Basidiodendron caesiocinereum

Basidiodendron eyrei * x x x

Basidiodendron rimosum *

Bisporella citrina x x x x x x x x x

Bisporella subpallida ** x x x x

Bisporella sulfurina * x x

Bjerkandera adusta *

Bolbitius variicolor

Bolbitius vitellinus x x x

Boletus appendiculatus **

Boletus truncatus x x x x x x

Boletus zelleri x x x x

Bondarzewia montana

Botryobasidium candicans x x x x

Botryobasidium conspersum x x x

Botryobasidium obtusisporum * x x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

x

42


Species




Botryobasidium subcoronatum *

Botryohypochnus isabellinus

Bovista colorata **

2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

Bovista plumbea x x x x

2009/

10

2010/

11

Bulgariella pulla x x

Byssonectria fusispora **

x

x

2011/

12

Callistosporium luteo-olivaceum* x x x x x x x x x

Callorina fusarioides

Calocera cornea x x x x x x x x

Calocera viscosa x x x x x x x x

Calocybe chrysenteron **

Calonectria pyrochroa

Caloscypha fulgens **

Calycellina punctiformis

x

Calyptella capula x x

Cantharellula umbonata * x x x x x x

Cantharellus formosus x x x x

Ceriporia purpurea ** x x x x x

Ceriporia reticulata x x x

Ceriporiopsis subvermispora x x x x

Chalciporus piperatoides *

Chalciporus piperatus x x x

Chlorociboria aeruginascens x x x x x

Chlorophyllum rachodes x x x x

Chondrostereum purpureum * x x x x x

Chromosera cyanophylla * x x x x x x x x x

Chrysomphalina aurantiaca * x x x x x x

Chrysomphalina chrysophylla

Ciboria rufofusca x x x

Ciboria sp. **

Cinereomyces lindbladii *

Claudopus byssisedus ** x x x x x x x

Claussenomyces atrovirens * x x

Clavaria tenuipes **

Clavaria vermicularis x x x x x x

Clavariadelphus occidentalis *

Clavariadelphus truncatus x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

43


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

Clavulina cinerea * x x x x x x

2010/

11

2011/

12

Clavulina cristata x x x x x x x x x

Clavulina rugosa * x x x x x x x

Clavulinopsis corniculata ** x x x x

Clavulinopsis fusiformis * x x

Clavulinopsis laeticolor * x x x x x x x x

Clavulinopsis subtilis *

Clavulinopsis umbrinella **

Clitocybe alnetorum ? **

x

Clitocybe brumalis x x

Clitocybe cacabus ?

Clitocybe candicans

Clitocybe cerussata **

Clitocybe clavipes x x

x

Clitocybe dealbata x x x x x x

Clitocybe deceptiva * x x x x x x x x x

Clitocybe elegantula * x x x x x x x x

Clitocybe foetens

Clitocybe 'georgina' ** x x x x

Clitocybe gigantea **

Clitocybe harmajae x x

Clitocybe incarnata x x

Clitocybe nebularis * x x x

Clitocybe obsoleta * x x x x

Clitocybe ornamentalis **

Clitocybe radicellata * x x x x x x x

Clitocybe sclerotoidea **

Clitocybe subclavipes ? * x x

Clitocybe subditopoda ? *

Clitocybe tenuissima *

Clitocybe trulliformis x x x x x x x

Clitocybe trulliformis ? ** x x x

Clitocybe umbilicata * x x x

Clitocybe vibecina * x x x x x x x x

Clitocybe vibecina ? **

x

Clitopilus prunulus x x x x

Coccomyces arbutifolius

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

44


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

2011/

12

Coccomyces dentatus x x x x x

Coltricia cinnamomea x x x x x x

Coltricia perennis x x x x x

Coniophora arida **

Coniophora puteana ** x x x

Conocybe appendiculata **

Conocybe brunneola ** x x

Conocybe dumetorum ** x x x x

Conocybe filaris

Conocybe pilosella ** x x x x

Conocybe pseudopilosella *

Conocybe rickeniana **

Conocybe siennophylla ** x x x

Conocybe tenera * x x x x x

Coprinellus disseminatus x x x

Coprinellus heptemerus *

Coprinellus impatiens ** x x x x x x x

Coprinellus micaceus x x x x

Coprinellus xanthothrix ** x x x x x

Coprinopsis friesii

Coprinopsis gonophylla **

Coprinopsis lagopus x x x x x x x x

Coprinopsis stercorea *

Coprinpsis nivea ** x x

Coprinus giganteosporus *

Coprinus silvaticus *

Cordyceps militaris ** x x x

Cortinarius acutus x x x

Cortinarius atrovirens

Cortinarius badius

Cortinarius biformis x x x

Cortinarius caerulescens **

x

Cortinarius californicus x x x x x x x x

Cortinarius casimiri x x x x x x x

Cortinarius ceraceus x x x x

Cortinarius cinnamomeus x x x x x x x x x

Cortinarius croceus * x x x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

45


Species




Cortinarius delibutus

2004/

05

2005/

06

46

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

Cortinarius duracinus x x x

Cortinarius elotus

Cortinarius epipoleus

Cortinarius evernius

Cortinarius fasciatus x x

Cortinarius flexipes

Cortinarius fulmineus **

Cortinarius fulvescens

Cortinarius glaucopus x x x

Cortinarius helobius

Cortinarius hinnuleus

x

x

x

x

x

2011/

12

Cortinarius idahoensis ** x x x x x x

Cortinarius infractus x x x x

Cortinarius leucopus * x x x x x x x x x

Cortinarius lucorum

Cortinarius obtusus x x

Cortinarius olearioides

Cortinarius olivaceopictus **

Cortinarius parevernius

Cortinarius parkeri ** x x x

Cortinarius phoeniceus x x

Cortinarius pulchripes ?

Cortinarius rigens x x

Cortinarius sanguineus nom.prov.

**

Cortinarius saturninus ** x x x

Cortinarius scandens x x x x x x

Cortinarius semisanguineus x x

Cortinarius sertipes * x x x x x x

Cortinarius sp. #1

Cortinarius sp. #2

Cortinarius sp. * small the same as

Jocelyn Hill with boletoid spores

Cortinarius sp. subgen.

Phlegmacium

Cortinarius spp., subgen.

Telamonia

Cortinarius subbalaustinus *

Cortinarius suillus

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13


Species




Cortinarius turmalis

Cortinarius variicolor **

2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

x

2011/

12

Cortinarius velenovskyi * x x x

Cortinarius venetus var. venetus * x x

Cortinarius vernalis ? x x x

Cortinarius vernus ** x x x x x x x x

Cortinarius vernus ? (big one red

stipe base in UV)

Cortinarius vibratilis

Cortinarius zakii **

Craterellus tubaeformis x x x

Crepidotus applanatus

Crepidotus epibryus x x x x x

Crepidotus lundellii * x x x x x x x x

Crepidotus mollis x x x x x x x x

Crepidotus subverrucisporus ** x x x

Crepidotus variabilis *

Crepidotus versutus ** x x x

Cristinia helvetica *

Crocicreas cyathoideum * x x x

Crucibulum laeve x x x x x x

Cryptoporus volvatus x x x x x x x

Cucurbitaria berberidis

Cucurbitaria spartii

Cudonia circinans *

Cudoniella clavus * x x x

Cyathus olla * x x

Cylindrobasidium laeve ** x x x x x x x

Cystoderma amianthinum x x x x x x x x x

Cystoderma fallax x x x x x x x x x

Cystoderma granulosum x x x x x x x x x

Cystolepiota seminuda x x x x x x x x

Cytidia stereoides x x x x x

Dacrymyces capitatus * x x x x x x

Dacrymyces ovisporus ** x x x x

Dacrymyces palmatus x x x x x x x x x

Dacrymyces stillatus * x x x x x x x x x

Dacrymyces variisporus *

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

x

47


Species




Dacryobolus karstenii

2004/

05

2005/

06

48

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

Dacryobolus sudans * x x

Dasyscyphella montana

x

2011/

12

Deconica montana x x x x x x x x x

Dematioscypha dematiicola

Dencoeliopsis johnstonii *

Dendrothele candida x x

Dendrothele incrustans

Dermoloma cuneifolium **

Dermoloma pseudocuneifolium *

Diatrype albopruinosa

Diatrype disciformis

Diatrype stigma

Dichostereum granulosum x x x x

Discina perlata

Discinella boudieri *

Durella connivens *

Durella melanochlora x x

Durella sp. *

Endogone pisiformis * x x x

Entoloma hirtum **

Entoloma lignicola ** x x x

Entoloma rhodopolium **

Entoloma rhodopolium f.9278 **

Exidia glandulosa * x x x

Exidia nucleata **

Fayodia leucophylla x x

Fayodia pseudoclusilis * x x x x x x

Fayodia sp.

Flammulaster carpophilus var.

subincarnatus **

Flammulaster granulosus **

Flammulina velutipes

x

Fomes fomentarius x x x x x

Fomitopsis cajanderi x x x x x x x x x

Fomitopsis pinicola x x x x x x x x x

Galerina atkinsoniana var.

x x x x x x x

atkinsoniana *

Galerina badipes * x x x x x x x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

x

x

x


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

2011/

12

Galerina camerina x x x x

Galerina castaneipes ** x x x

Galerina cedretorum var. bispora x x x x x x x

Galerina cedretorum var.

cedretorum

Galerina cedretorum var. filiformis

x

2012/

13

x x x

Galerina cerina var. longicystis * x x x

Galerina cinnamomea ** x x x x x

Galerina cuspidata x x

Galerina dimorphocystis var.

x x x x x x x x

dimorphocystis

Galerina evelata var. evelata * x x x x x x x x

Galerina fallax f. fallax ** x x x

Galerina fibrillosa ** x x

Galerina filiformis x x x x x

Galerina fontinalis

Galerina heterocystis x x x x x x x x x

Galerina jaapii f. jaapii x x x x x

Galerina jaapii f. mammillata x x x

Galerina laticeps *

Galerina lubrica * x x x x

Galerina mammillata * x x x x x x

Galerina marginata * x x x x x x x x x

Galerina minima * x x x

Galerina mniophila *

Galerina nana *

x

Galerina nigripes * x x

Galerina oregonensis x x x x x x x x

Galerina permixta

Galerina perplexa

Galerina pruinatipes var. fulvipes* x x x

Galerina pruinatipes var.

x

pruinatipes

Galerina pumila var. pumila x x x x x x x x

Galerina rostrata x x x x

Galerina sideroides * x x x x x x x x x

Galerina sp.

x

Galerina stylifera var. stylifera** x x x x

Galerina subbadia * x x

x

x

x

x

x

49


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

Galerina subcerina x x

Galerina subfiliformis var.

subfiliformis

Galerina tundrae *

2011/

12

2012/

13

x x x

Galerina unicolor * x x x x x

Galerina vexans**

Galerina vittiformis var. albescens

x x x x x

f. bispora

Galerina vittiformis var. albescens

x x x x x x

f. tetraspora *

Galerina vittiformis var. vittiformis x x x x x x x x x

f. tetraspora *

Galerina vittiformis var. vittiformis x x x x x

f. vittiformis *

Ganoderma applanatum x x x x x x

Ganoderma tsugae x x x x x

Geoglossum glutinosum **

Geoglossum umbratile ** x x x

Geopyxis vulcanalis x x x x

Gloeocystidiellum furfuraceum

Gloeocystidiellum karstenii

Gloeophyllum sepiarium x x

Gnomonia cerastis

Gomphidius glutinosus * x x x x x x x x

Gomphidius oregonensis x x x x x x x

Gomphidius smithii x x x x x x

Gomphidius subroseus x x x x x x x x x

Gomphus floccosus x x x x x x

Gomphus kauffmanii ** x x x x

Gymnopilus bellulus * x x x x

Gymnopilus luteofolius **

x

Gymnopilus picreus x x x x x x x

Gymnopilus sapineus & G.

penetrans

Gymnopus alcalivirens *

x

x x x x x x x x

Gymnopus biformis ** x x x

Gymnopus confluens x x x x x x

Gymnopus dryophilus * x x x x x

Gymnopus earleae * x x x

Gymnopus erythropus **

Gymnopus fuscopurpureus * x x x x x x x x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

50


Species




Gymnopus luxurians *

Gymnopus ocior ? *

2004/

05

x

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

Gymnopus peronatus x x x

Gymnopus putillus * x x x

x

2010/

11

Gymnopus subnudus x x

Gymnopus subsulphureus * x x x

2011/

12

Gyromitra esculenta x x x x

Gyromitra infula x x

Gyroporus castaneus *

Hapalopilus salmonicolor ** x x

Haplotrichum conspersum? ** x x

Hebeloma birrus x x x x x

Hebeloma crustuliniforme x x x x x

Hebeloma fragilipes

Hebeloma helodes *

Hebeloma hiemale * x x x x x

Hebeloma incarnatulum

Hebeloma lutense * x x x x x

Hebeloma mesophaeum x x x x x x

Hebeloma populinum

Hebeloma praeolidum

Hebeloma pusillum x x

Hebeloma sacchariolens x x x x x x x

Hebeloma sinapizans **

Hebeloma sinapizans? ** x x

Hebeloma velutipes * x x

Helicobasidium corticioides *

Helvella acetabulum *

Helvella compressa * x x x x x

Helvella elastica

Helvella lacunosa x x x x x x x x x

Helvella maculata * x x x

Helvella queletii *

Helvella villosa ** x x x x x

Hemimycena crispata *

Hemimycena cucullata *

Hemimycena hirsuta *

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

x

51


Species




Hemimycena ignobilis *

2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

x

2010/

11

2011/

12

Hemimycena nebulophila x x x x x

Hemimycena pithya

Hemimycena pseudocrispula *

Hemimycena subimmaculata *

Hemimycena tortuosa ** x x x x x x

Hemistropharia albocrenulata ** x x x x

Henningsomyces candidus * x x

Hericium erinaceus x x

Heterobasidion annosum x x

Heterotextus alpinus x x x x

Heterotextus luteus * x x x x x x x

Hohenbuehelia petaloides x x x x x x x

Humaria hemisphaerica ** x x x x x x

Hyalorbilia inflatula * x x x

Hyaloscypha albohyalina var.

albohyalina

Hyaloscypha britannica *

Hyaloscypha candida *

x

x

x

x x x

Hyaloscypha daedaleae x x

Hyaloscypha fuckelii

Hyaloscypha herbarum

Hyaloscypha quercicola x x

Hyaloscypha vitreola x x x

Hydnellum aurantiacum x x

Hydnellum caeruleum

Hydnum repandum x x x x

Hydnum umbilicatum x x x x x x x x

Hydropus atramentosus **

Hydropus scabripes ** x x

Hygrocybe conica x x x x x x x

Hygrocybe miniata x x x x x x x

Hygrocybe minutula *

Hygrocybe parvula ** x x x

Hygrocybe persistens ** x x x x x

Hygrocybe pratensis * x x x x x x x x

Hygrocybe psittacina * x x x x x x

Hygrocybe punicea

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

x

52


Species




Hygrocybe quieta

2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

x

2011/

12

Hygrocybe russocoriacea * x x x x

Hygrocybe singeri ** x x

Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca x x x

Hygrophoropsis olida x x x x

Hygrophorus agathosmus x x x

Hygrophorus chrysodon

Hygrophorus eburneus x x

Hygrophorus occidentalis *

Hygrophorus piceae x x

Hygrophorus pusillus *

Hygrophorus sordidus *

Hygrophorus virgineus var.

roseipes *

Hymenochaete corrugate *

Hymenochaete fuliginosa *

Hymenochaete rubiginosa * x x x x x

Hymenochaete tabacina * x x x x x x x

Hymenogaster subalpinus *

Hymenoscyphus caudatus * x x x x

Hymenoscyphus fructigenus * x x

Hymenoscyphus herbarum

Hymenoscyphus imberbis x x

Hymenoscyphus phyllogenus

Hymenoscyphus salicellus ** x x x

Hymenoscyphus scutula *

Hymenoscyphus sp. *

Hymenoscyphus subtilis *

x

Hymenoscyphus virgultorum ** x x

Hyphoderma amoenum

Hyphoderma argillaceum * x x x

Hyphoderma cremeoalbum x x

Hyphoderma mutatum

Hyphoderma roseocremeum

Hyphoderma setigerum * x x

Hyphodermella corrugata * x x x

Hyphodontia alutaria x x x

Hyphodontia arguta

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

x

x

x

53


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

2011/

12

Hyphodontia aspera x x x

Hyphodontia breviseta x x

Hyphodontia cineracea * x x

Hyphodontia crustosa x x x x

Hyphodontia floccosa x x x

Hyphodontia nespori x x

Hyphodontia quercina x x

Hyphodontia sambuci x x x

Hyphodontia sp. *

Hyphodontia spathulata

Hyphodontia subalutacea * x x x x x

Hypholoma capnoides x x x x x x x x

Hypholoma fasciculare x x x x x x x x x

Hypholoma radicosum x x

Hypochnicium geogenium x x

Hypochnicium lundellii

Hypochnicium punctulatum

Hypocrea aureoviridis *

Hypocrea gelatinosa **

Hypocrea moravica *

Hypocrea pulvinata ** x x x x x

Hypocrea rufa x x

Hypocrea sp. **

Hypomyces cervinigenus x x x x x x x

Hypomyces lactifluorum x x x x x x

Hypoxylon rubiginosum * x x x

Hysterangium separabile *

Hysterographium flexuosum

Hysterographium fraxini * x x

Inocephalus cystomarginatus ** x x

Inocephalus furfuraceodiscus **

Inocephalus minutopilus **

Inocephalus rhombisporus **

Inocybe abjecta x x x x x

Inocybe agglutinata ** x x

Inocybe amblyspora * x x x x

Inocybe assimilata x x x x x x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

x

x

x

x

54


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

Inocybe auricoma x x x x

Inocybe calamistrata

x

2011/

12

Inocybe calida ** x x x x

Inocybe castanea x x

Inocybe chelanensis *

Inocybe cincinnata var. major ** x x x

Inocybe cinnamomea * x x x x x x

Inocybe curvipes x x

Inocybe dulcamara * x x

Inocybe flocculosa var. flocculosa

x x x x x x

**

Inocybe fuscidula var. fuscidula ** x x x x x x x

Inocybe fuscodisca * x x x x x

Inocybe geophylla x x x x x x x x x

Inocybe glabrescens ** x x

Inocybe glabrodisca ** x x x

Inocybe grammata * x x x x x x x

Inocybe griseolilacina * x x x x x x x x

Inocybe hirtella?**

x

Inocybe hotsoniana x x x

Inocybe inodora ** x x

Inocybe jacobi ** x x x x

Inocybe kauffmanii ** x x x x x

Inocybe lacera var. helobia * x x x x x

Inocybe lacera var. lacera * x x x x x x x x

Inocybe lanuginosa x x x x

Inocybe leiocephala ** x x x x x

Inocybe lilacina x x x x x x x x x

Inocybe mixtilis * x x x x x x x x x

Inocybe nitidiuscula * x x x x x x x x

Inocybe olympiana ?

Inocybe perbrevis

Inocybe phaeodisca var.

x

geophylloides *

Inocybe phaeodisca var.

x

phaeodisca *

Inocybe posterula x x

Inocybe praetervisa ** x x

Inocybe pseudodestricta ** x x x x x

x

x

2012/

13

x

55


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

56

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

2011/

12

Inocybe pudica * x x x x x x x x x

Inocybe pusio ** x x x x x x

Inocybe rennyi x x

Inocybe rimosa var. rimosa **

Inocybe salicis * x x x

Inocybe sindonia ** x x x x x x

Inocybe soluta x x x

Inocybe sororia x x x x x

Inocybe splendens var.

x

x

phaeoleuca *

Inocybe stellatospora ** x x x x x x

Inocybe subcarpta ** x x x x x x x x

Inocybe terrigena ** x x

Inocybe xanthomelas ** x x x x

Inonotus tomentosus

Irpex lacteus * x x x x

Ischnoderma benzoinum x x x

Jahnoporus hirtus x x x x x x x

Kuehneromyces vernalis * x x x

Laccaria amethysteo-occidentalis x x x x x x x x x

Laccaria bicolor x x x x

Laccaria laccata x x x x x x x x x

Laccaria tetraspora * x x x x x

Lachnella alboviolascens ** x x x x x x

Lachnellula calyciformis * x x x x x

Lachnellula gallica * x x x x x

Lachnellula occidentalis * x x

Lachnellula subtillissima

Lachnum brevipilosum ** x x x x x

Lachnum fasciculare * x x x x

Lachnum impudicum * x x x x x

Lachnum pudibundum x x x x

Lachnum pygmaeum

Lachnum rhytismatis

Lachnum virgineum x x x x x x

Lactarius argillaceifolius var.

megacarpus **

Lactarius fragilis x x x

Lactarius hepaticus

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x


Species




Lactarius kauffmanii

2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

Lactarius luculentus * x x x x

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

2011/

12

Lactarius occidentalis x x x x

Lactarius pseudomucidus x x x

Lactarius rubrilacteus x x x x x x

Lactarius subflammeus

Lactarius subviscidus * x x x x x x x x x

Lactarius uvidus x x x

Laeticorticium minnsiae x x x x

Laetiporus conifericola

Lanzia luteovirescens ** x x x x x x

Lasiobelonium barbatum

Lasiobelonium corticale *

Lasiobelonium relicinum

Lasiobelonium variegatum

Lasiobolus cuniculi

Lasiosphaeria ovina

Leccinum manzanitae x x

Lentaria pinicola * x x x x x x x x x

Lentinellus flabelliformis * x x x x

Lentinellus omphalodes * x x x x

Lenzites betulina

Lepiota boudieri ** x x x x x

Lepiota carinii ** x x x

Lepiota castanea * x x x x x x x x

Lepiota clypeolaria * x x

Lepiota clypeolarioides * x x

Lepiota cristata x x x x x

Lepiota griseovirens *

Lepiota ignipes ** x x x x

Lepiota josserandii x x x x x x

Lepiota pallida *

Lepiota pseudoasperula **

Lepiota pseudofelina **

Lepiota rubrotincta **

Lepiota sp. Echinatae No. 1**

Lepiota sp. Echinatae No. 2 ** x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

57


Species




Lepiota subincarnata *

2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

x

2009/

10

Lepiota tomentella ** x x

2010/

11

Lepiota ventriosospora x x x x x x x

Lepista densifolia *

Lepista inversa x x x

Lepista nuda x x x x x x

Leptonia badissima **

Leptonia convexa var. badiodorsa

**

Leptonia diversa *

Leptonia earlei **

Leptonia exalbida

Leptonia formosa var. formosa *

Leptonia separata *

x

Leptonia serrulata * x x

Leptonia sp.

Leptonia strictipes *

Leptonia turci *

Leptonia yatesii **

x

Leptosphaeria acuta * x x x

Leucoagaricus naucinus x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2011/

12

Leucopaxillus albissimus x x x

Leucopaxillus amarus x x x x x x

Leucopaxillus septentrionalis **

Lichenomphalia alpina *

Lichenomphalia umbellifera x x x x x x x x x

Limacella delicata var. glioderma

**

Limacella illinita **

x

Limacella ochraceolutea ** x x x x

Lycoperdon foetidum * x x x x x x x

Lycoperdon perlatum x x x x x x x x x

Lycoperdon pusillum ** x x x

Lycoperdon pyriforme x x

Lyophyllum decastes

Lyophyllum semitale x x x

Lyophyllum sp.

Macrocystidia cucumis var.

latifolia **

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x x x x

x

58


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

2011/

12

Marasmiellus candidus x x x x x x x x x

Marasmiellus pluvius ** x x

Marasmiellus ramealis **

Marasmiellus vaillantii *

Marasmius androsaceus * x x x x x x x x

Marasmius chordalis ** x x

Marasmius limosus

Marasmius pallidocephalus ?

Marasmius plicatulus x x x x x x x x x

Marasmius salalis x x x x x x x

Marasmius scorodonius **

Melanoleuca alboflavida? **

Melanoleuca cognata ** x x

Melanoleuca humilis x x

Melanoleuca stridula x x x x x x x x x

Melanophyllum echinatum **

Melanotus horizontalis ** x x x x x

Meruliopsis corium * x x x x x x

Microglossum olivaceum **

Micromphale arbuticola x x x x x x x x

Micromphale foetidum

Micromphale perforans * x x x

Mollisia cinerea x x x x

Mollisia discolor *

Mollisia lividofusca * x x x

Mollisia sp. **

Mollisia ventosa *

Morchella elata x x x x

Mucronella bresadolae ** x x x x x x

Mucronella fusiformis ** x x x x x x x

Mucronella pendula *

Mucronella pulchra ** x x x

Multiclavula mucida *

Mycena abramsii * x x x x x

Mycena acicula ** x x x x x x

Mycena adonis x x x x x x x x

Mycena adscendens **

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

x

x

59


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

60

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

2011/

12

Mycena albissima * x x x x x

Mycena albogrisea

x

Mycena alcalina x x x x x x x x

Mycena alcaliniformis? *

x

Mycena algeriensis ** x x x x x x x

Mycena amicta * x x x x x x x x x

Mycena atroalboides x x x x x x x

Mycena aurantiidisca x x x

Mycena aurantiomarginata x x

Mycena capillaripes * x x x x x x

Mycena capillaris * x x

Mycena cineraria **

Mycena cinerella ** x x x x x

Mycena citrinomarginata * x x x x x

Mycena clavata x x x

Mycena clavicularis ** x x

Mycena corticaticeps **

Mycena corticola ** x x

Mycena corynephora **

Mycena debilis * x x x x

Mycena delectabilis? *

Mycena delicatella * x x x x x x x x x

Mycena elegans * x x x

Mycena elegantula * x x x x x x x

Mycena epipterygia x x x x x x x x

Mycena excisa*

Mycena filopes x x x x x x x x x

Mycena flavescens *

Mycena flavoalba x x x x x

Mycena fragillima * x x x x x

Mycena fuliginella * x x

Mycena fusco-ocula x x x x x x x x

Mycena galericulata x x x x x x x

Mycena galopus x x x x x

Mycena griseoviridis var.

cascadensis *

Mycena gypsea *

Mycena haematopus var.

marginata

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x x x x x x

x


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

Mycena hiemalis * x x

2008/

09

Mycena inclinata * x x x

Mycena kauffmaniana **

Mycena laevigata

x

2009/

10

2010/

11

2011/

12

Mycena leptocephala x x x x x x x x x

Mycena longipes ** x x

Mycena longiseta ** x x x

Mycena luteopallens x x

Mycena maculata x x x x x x x x

Mycena magna **

Mycena metata * x x x x x x

Mycena minutissima *

Mycena olivaceomarginata x x x x x x x x

Mycena oregonensis **

Mycena parabolica x x x x x x x x x

Mycena paucilamellata

Mycena pseudocorticola

Mycena pura x x x x x x x x

Mycena purpureofusca x x x x x x x x x

Mycena pusilla ** x x

Mycena rorida x x x x x x x x

Mycena roseipallens ** x x

Mycena rugulosiceps x x x x x

Mycena rutilantiformis ** x x

Mycena sanguinolenta x x x x x x x x

Mycena speirea x x x x x x x x x

Mycena stannea * x x x x x x

Mycena subcana x x x

Mycena subcucullata x x x x x

Mycena subplicosa * x x

Mycena subsupina x x x x x x x

Mycena supina * x x x x

Mycena tenella x x x x x

Mycena ulmicola

Mycena vitilis * x x x x

Mycenella nodulosa ** x x x

Mycoacia fuscoatra *

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

61


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

Mycoacia uda ** x x x

2009/

10

2010/

11

Nectria cinnabarina x x x x

Nectria fuckeliana var. macrospora

**

Nemania aenea var. macrospora

Neodasyscypha cervina *

Neonectria coccinea

Neournula pouchetii **

Nidula candida

2011/

12

x x x x

Nidula niveotomentosa * x x x x x x x

Nitschkia collapsa x x

Nitschkia convertula

Nitschkia grevillei

Nolanea bicoloriceps **

x

Nolanea cetrata f. cetrata * x x x x x x x x x

Nolanea cetrata f. mediospora x x

Nolanea farinolens * x x x x x x x x x

Nolanea fructifragrans ** x x

Nolanea fusciceps x x x x x x

Nolanea hebes x x x

Nolanea hirtipes * x x x x x x x x x

Nolanea holoconiota * x x x x x x

Nolanea latifolia

Nolanea lucida * x x x x x x x

Nolanea obscurata * x x

Nolanea pseudostrictia *

Nolanea pusillipapillata * x x x x x

Nolanea sericea * x x x x

Nolanea sp.

x

Nolanea staurospora var.

x

incrustata f. incrustata **

Nolanea subsolstitialis * x x

Nolanea substrictia * x x

Nolanea verna var. isodiametrica

**

Oedohysterium insidens

Oidium conspersum *

Omphalina discorosea **

Omphalina epichysium *

x x x x x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

x

x

x

x

62


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

2011/

12

Omphalina obscurata ** x x x x x x

Omphalina pyxidata ** x x x

Omphalina rickenii

Omphalina rivulicola

Omphalina sp.

Omphalina velutipes x x

Omphalina velutipes ?

x

x

x

Orbilia delicatula ** x x

Orbilia luteorubella *

Orbilia xanthostigma * x x

Ossicaulis lignatilis ** x x

Otidea alutacea *

Otidea onotica * x x x x x x x x

Otidea smithii ** x x x x

Panaeolina foenisecii * x x x

Panaeolus cinctulus **

Panaeolus fimicola

Panellus longinquus x x x x x x x

Panellus mitis **

Panellus stipticus ** x x x x x x

Paraeccilia minutissima *

Paraeccilia sericeonitida **

Parasola kuehneri ?

Paullicorticium niveocremeum

x

Peniophora aurantiaca ** x x x x x

Peniophora cinerea * x x x x x

Peniophora decorticans x x x x x

Peniophora incarnata * x x x x x x x

Peniophora polygonia ** x x x x x

Peniophora septentrionalis * x x

Peniophora violaceolivida

Peniophorella praetermissa x x x

Peniophorella pubera x x x

Penniporia sp.

x

Perenniporia subacida x x x

Peziza brunneoatra * x x

Peziza repanda ** x x x x x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

63


Species




Pezizella alniella

Phaeohelotium extumescens **

2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

Phaeohelotium subcarneum * x x x x

x

2011/

12

Phaeohelotium umbilicatum * x x x x x x x x

Phaeolus schweinitzii x x x x x x x x x

Phaeomarasmius rimulincola x x

Phanerochaete sanguinea * x x x

Phanerochaete sordida x x x

Phanerochaete tuberculata

Phellinus ferreus * x x x x x x x

Phellinus ferruginosus * x x x

Phellodon atratus *

Phellodon tomentosus *

x

Phlebia livida ** x x x

Phlebia phlebioides

Phlebia radiata * x x x x

Phlebia rufa x x

Phlebia subcretacea

Phlebia subochracea

Phlebia subserialis

Phlebia tremellosa

Phlebiella christiansenii x x x x x

Pholiota astragalina *

Pholiota aurivella x x

Pholiota decorata x x x x x

Pholiota graminis **

Pholiota lenta

Pholiota malicola

Pholiota oedipus ? *

Pholiota terrestris

x

Phylloporus rhodoxanthus x x x

Physisporinus rivulosus

x

Pirex concentricus * x x x

Pithya vulgaris *

Plectania melastoma * x x x

Pleospora herbarum

Pleuroflammula ragazziana **

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

64


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

Pleurotus dryinus * x x x

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

2011/

12

Pleurotus ostreatus x x x x

Pluteus cervinus x x x x x x x x

Pluteus cinereofuscus **

Pluteus exiguus ** x x

Pluteus leoninus ** x x

Pluteus nanus f. nanus **

Pluteus pallescens ** x x

Pluteus petasatus *

Pluteus plautus x x

Pluteus podospileus f. minutissimus

x x x x

**

Pluteus podospileus f. podospileus x x x

Pluteus pouzarianus ** x x

Pluteus pouzarianus var. albus **

Pluteus primus * x x

Pluteus romellii x x x x x x x x

Pluteus sect. Hispidoderma *

Pluteus thomsonii * x x x

Polydesmia pruinosa ** x x x

Polyporus badius x x x x x x x x x

Polyporus brumalis * x x

Polyporus elegans

Polyporus tuberaster x x x

Porodaedalea pini x x x x

Pouzarella fulvostrigosa ** x x

Pouzarella versatilis **

Primitive ascomycete **

Propolis versicolor * x x x x x

Protocrea farinosa **

Psathyrella bifrons ?

x

Psathyrella candolleana * x x x x x x

Psathyrella cernua x x x

Psathyrella delineata

Psathyrella distans ** x x

Psathyrella hymenocephala * x x x

Psathyrella longistriata x x x x x x x x x

Psathyrella microrhiza *

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

x

x

65


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

Psathyrella murcida ? x x

Psathyrella nolitangere **

Psathyrella obtusata

2007/

08

2008/

09

Psathyrella ocellata ** x x x x x x

x

2009/

10

2010/

11

2011/

12

Psathyrella olympiana ** x x x x x x x

Psathyrella orbitarum *

Psathyrella paradoxa ** x x x x x x x x

Psathyrella piluliformis *

Psathyrella prona var. prona ** x x x

Psathyrella pseudotrepida ** x x

Psathyrella quercicola *

Psathyrella sacchariolens **

Psathyrella senex ** x x x

Psathyrella sp. no. 1

Psathyrella sp. no. 2

x

x

Psathyrella spadiceogrisea ** x x x

Psathyrella subcaerulea var.

x

subcaerulea **

Psathyrella subhepatica ** x x

Psathyrella subnuda var. velosa ** x x

Psathyrella subsquamulosa

Psathyrella tephrophylla * x x x x

Psathyrella vesiculocystis ** x x x x

Pseudobaeospora sp. **

Pseudoclitocybe cyathiformis * x x x x x

Pseudoclitocybe obbata

Pseudohydnum gelatinosum x x x x x x x x x

Pseudombrophila cervaria x x

Pseudoplectania melaena x x x x x

Psilachnum chrysostigma x x x

Psilachnum inquilinum

Psilocybe crobula ** x x x

Psilocybe cyanofibrillosa *

Psilocybe inquilina * x x x x x x x

Psilocybe pelliculosa *

Psilocybe phyllogena ** x x x x x

Pycnoporellus alboluteus ** x x x x

Radulomyces confluens x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

66


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

Ramaria acrisiccescens x x x

Ramaria aurantiisiccescens **

Ramaria curta **

Ramaria fennica

Ramaria flaccida

Ramaria formosa x x

Ramaria gracilis ?

x

x

x

x

x

2011/

12

Ramaria marrii ** x x

Ramaria myceliosa ** x x x x

Ramaria rasilispora var.

rasilispora *

Ramaria rubella var. rubella **

Ramaria rubiginosa **

Ramaria rubricarnata var. verna *

Ramaria stricta *

Ramaria testaceoflava

x

Ramaricium albo-ochraceum x x

Ramaricium flavomarginatum x x x

Ramariopsis kunzei *

Resupinatus applicatus ** x x

Rhizopogon ellenae ** x x x x

Rhizopogon parksii x x x

Rhizopogon sp.

Rhizopogon villosulus

x

Rhizopogon vinicolor * x x

Rhodocollybia badiialba

x

Rhodocollybia butyracea x x x x x x x x x

Rhodocollybia maculata x x

Rhodocollybia oregonensis x x x

Rhodocybe aureicystidiata ** x x x x x x

Rhodocybe fallax

Rhodocybe hirneola ** x x x

Rhodocybe melleopallens ** x x x

Rhodocybe mundula ** x x x x x

Rhodocybe nitellina * x x x x x x x x x

Rhodocybe nuciolens ** x x x x x

Rhodocybe priscua

Rhodocybe roseiavellanea * x x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

x

67


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

2011/

12

Rhytisma punctatum x x x x x

Rickenella fibula x x x x x x x

Rickenella setipes *

Rickenella swartzii * x x

Rimbachia bryophila ** x x

Rimbachia paludosa **

Ripartites metrodii

Ripartites serotinus

Ripartites sp.

x

x

Russula abietina * x x x

Russula adusta

Russula albida

Russula alutacea **

Russula aureofulva nom. prov. **

Russula bicolor x x x x x x

Russula brevipes x x x x x x x

Russula brevipes var. acrior x x x x x

Russula brunneoviolacea ** x x

Russula cascadensis ** x x x x

Russula cessans ** x x x

Russula cremoricolor x x

Russula crenulata ** x x x x

Russula densifolia ** x x x

Russula fragilis x x x x x

Russula fragrantissima x x x x x x x x

Russula maculata

Russula mariae *

x

Russula murrillii * x x x x

Russula mustelina x x

Russula ochroleuca **

Russula pelargonia

Russula placita x x x x x

Russula queletii x x

Russula raoultii x x x

Russula silvicola **

Russula sororia x x x x x x x x

Russula stuntzii * x x x x x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

68


Species




Russula subalutacea

Russula turci

2004/

05

2005/

06

x

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

Russula velenovskyi ** x x

Russula veternosa * x x x x x x

Russula xerampelina x x x x x x x

Rutstroemia sydowiana

x

2011/

12

Sarcomyxa serotina x x x

Sarcosphaera coronaria x x x x

Schizopora paradoxa x x x x

Scleroderma areolatum * x x

Scleroderma cepa x x x

Scopuloides rimosa x x x

Scutellinia scutellata x x x x x x

Sebacina epigaea *

Simocybe centunculus? **

x

Simocybe rubi ** x x x x x x x

Simocybe sumptuosa ** x x

Skeletocutis alutacea x x x x

Skeletocutis nivea

Skeletocutis odora *

Sordaria fimicola

Sparassis crispa x x x x x

Sphaerobolus stellatus * x x x x x x x x x

Sporormiella australis

Squamanita paradoxa **

Steccherinum ciliolatum *

Steccherinum fimbriatum x x

Steccherinum ochraceum * x x x x x x

Steccherinum oreophilum * x x x

Stereum gausapatum *

Stereum hirsutum x x x x x x x x x

Stereum ochraceoflavum * x x x x x x x x x

Stereum rugosum

Stereum sanguinolentum * x x x x x x x

Stictis radiata * x x x x x

Stigmatolemma urceolatum **

Stilbella byssiseda *

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

x

69


Species




Stilbella fimetaria

2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

2011/

12

Strobilurus albipilatus * x x x x x

Strobilurus trullisatus x x x x x x x x

Stropharia ambigua x x x x x x x x x

Stropharia pseudocyanea **

Suillus caerulescens x x x x x x x x x

Suillus lakei x x x x x x x x x

Tapesia fusca x x x x x x x x

Taphrina alni x x x

Tapinella atrotomentosa x x x

Tapinella panuoides x x

Tarzetta cupularis *

Tarzetta gaillardiana **

Tephrocybe anthracophila ** x x

Tephrocybe boudieri * x x x x x x

Tephrocybe fusispora ** x x

Tephrocybe implexa ** x x

Tephrocybe oldae ** x x x

Tephrocybe ozes * x x x x x x x

Tephrocybe platypus * x x x x

Tephrocybe sp. x x

Tephrocybe tylicolor ** x x

Tetrapyrgos subdendrophora ** x x x x x

Thelebolus stercoreus

Thelephora anthocephala ** x x x x

Thelephora palmate x x x

Thelephora regularis **

Thelephora terrestris x x x x x

Tomentella calcicola

Tomentella coerulea *

Tomentella crinalis *

Tomentella subclavigera *

Tomentella terrestris * x x

Tomentellopsis echinospora * x x

Trametes hirsuta * x x x

Trametes versicolor x x x x x x x x x

Trechispora farinacea

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

x

x

70


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

2011/

12

Trechispora microspora x x

Trechispora mollusca *

Tremella aurantia

Tremella encephala * x x x x x x x x

Tremella foliacea x x x x x

Tremella mesenterella ** x x x x x

Tremella mesenterella ? *

Tremella mesenterica x x x x x x x

Tremella moriformis **

Tremella obscura **

Tremellodendropsis tuberosa * x x x x x x x

Tremiscus helvelloides * x x x x x x x

Trichaptum abietinum x x x x x x x x x

Trichoglossum hirsutum *

Tricholoma aurantio-olivaceum x x x x x x x

Tricholoma aurantium x x x x

Tricholoma bufonium **

Tricholoma equestre

Tricholoma gausapatum * x x

Tricholoma griseoviolaceum **

Tricholoma leucophyllum ** x x x x x x

Tricholoma myomyces ** x x x x

Tricholoma pardinum x x x x x

Tricholoma pessundatum

Tricholoma psammopus *

x

Tricholoma saponaceum x x x x

Tricholoma scalpturatum ** x x x x x

Tricholoma sp. ** x x x x x x

Tricholoma sulphureum x x x x x x x x

Tricholoma terreum x x x x x x x x

Tricholoma ustale *

Tricholoma virgatum x x x x

Tricholomopsis rutilans

Tubaria conspersa x x x x x x x x x

Tubaria furfuracea * x x x x

Tubaria hiemalis * x x x x x x x x x

Tubaria praestans ** x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

71


Species




2004/

05

2005/

06

2006/

07

2007/

08

2008/

09

2009/

10

2010/

11

2011/

12

Tubaria punicea ** x x x x x x x x

Tubulicrinis angustus * x x

Tubulicrinis borealis

Tubulicrinis chaetophorus

Tubulicrinis glebulosus * x x x x x

Tubulicrinis subulatus x x x x

Tulostoma fimbriatum var.

x

x

campestre **

Typhula erythropus ** x x x x x

Typhula sp. *

Tyromyces caesius x x x x x x x x x

Tyromyces chioneus x x x x x x x x x

Tyromyces fragilis x x x x x x x x x

Tyromyces mollis * x x x x

Tyromyces sp.

Uknown blue mushroom **x

x

Unguicularia sp. x x

x

Unguiculella sp. * x x x

Urnula padeniana**

Vascellum lloydianum * x x

Velutarina rufo-olivacea x x x x x

Vuilleminia cystidiata *

Wilcoxina rehmii ** x x

Xenasma praeteritum

Xenasma rimicola * x x

Xenasma tulasnelloideum

Xeromphalina campanella x x x x x x x x

Xeromphalina cornui ** x x x x x x x

Xeromphalina fulvipes x x x x x x x x x

Xylaria hypoxylon x x x x x x x x x

Xylaria sp.

x

x

x

x

2012/

13

x

x

x

x

72


Appendix 3: Alphabetical list – Observatory Hill 2012/2013



? – preliminary identification

Agaricus hondensis

Agrocybe dura NEW

Agrocybe praecox

Aleurodiscus aurantius **

Aleurodiscus grantii

Aleurodiscus penicillatus *

Alnicola alnetorum * NEW

Alnicola melinoides

Alnicola salicis **

Alnicola suavis **

Amanita gemmata

Amanita pantherina

Amphinema byssoides

Antrodia malicola *

Armillaria ostoyae

Arrhenia spathulata

Ascobolus stercorarius

Astraeus hygrometricus *

Athelia decipiens NEW

Auriscalpium vulgare

Basidiodendron eyrei *

Bisporella citrina

Bisporella subpallida **

Bjerkandera adusta * NEW

Botryobasidium candicans

Botryobasidium conspersum

Callistosporium luteoolivaceum*

Calocera cornea

Calocera viscosa

Calyptella capula

Cantharellula umbonata *

Ceriporia purpurea **

Ceriporia reticulata

Ceriporiopsis subvermispora

Chondrostereum purpureum *

Chromosera cyanophylla *

Chrysomphalina aurantiaca *

Ciboria rufofusca

Claudopus byssisedus **

Clavaria tenuipes ** NEW

Clavaria vermicularis

Clavulina cristata

Clavulinopsis laeticolor *

Clitocybe dealbata

Clitocybe deceptiva *

Clitocybe elegantula *

Clitocybe harmajae

Clitocybe obsoleta *

Clitocybe trulliformis

Clitocybe trulliformis ? **

Clitocybe vibecina *

Coccomyces dentatus

Coltricia perennis

Coniophora puteana **

Conocybe tenera *

Coprinellus impatiens **

Coprinellus micaceus

Coprinopsis lagopus

Cortinarius cinnamomeus

Cortinarius idahoensis **

Cortinarius leucopus *

Cortinarius parkeri **

Cortinarius sertipes *

Cortinarius velenovskyi *

Cortinarius vernalis ?

Cortinarius vernus **

Crepidotus applanatus NEW

Crepidotus mollis

Crucibulum laeve

Cryptoporus volvatus

Cudonia circinans * NEW

Cyathus olla *

Cylindrobasidium laeve **

Cystoderma amianthinum

Cystoderma fallax

Cystoderma granulosum

Cytidia stereoides

Dacrymyces capitatus *

Dacrymyces ovisporus **

Dacrymyces palmatus

Dacrymyces stillatus *

Dacryobolus karstenii NEW

Deconica montana

Dencoeliopsis johnstonii * NEW

Dendrothele candida

Diatrype stigma NEW

Endogone pisiformis *

Entoloma hirtum ** NEW

Exidia glandulosa *

Fomitopsis cajanderi

Fomitopsis pinicola

Galerina camerina

Galerina castaneipes **


cedretorum

Galerina cerina var. longicystis

*

Galerina cinnamomea **


dimorphocystis

Galerina evelata var. evelata *

Galerina fallax f. fallax **

Galerina filiformis

Galerina heterocystis

Galerina jaapii f. jaapii

Galerina mammillata *

Galerina marginata *

Galerina nana NEW

Galerina oregonensis

Galerina pumila var. pumila

Galerina sideroides *

Galerina stylifera var.

stylifera**


subfiliformis

Galerina tundrae * NEW

Galerina unicolor *

Galerina vexans ** NEW

Galerina vittiformis var.

albescens f. bispora


vittiformis f. tetraspora *


vittiformis f. vittiformis *

Ganoderma applanatum

Ganoderma tsugae

Geoglossum umbratile **

Gomphidius glutinosus *

Gomphidius oregonensis

Gomphidius smithii

Gomphidius subroseus

Gymnopilus picreus


penetrans

Gymnopus fuscopurpureus *

Gyromitra esculenta

Hebeloma helodes * NEW

Hebeloma lutense *

Helvella compressa *

Helvella lacunosa

Helvella queletii * NEW

Helvella villosa **

Hemimycena nebulophila

73


Hemimycena tortuosa **

Hericium erinaceus

Heterotextus luteus *

Humaria hemisphaerica **

Hyalorbilia inflatula *

Hyaloscypha candida * NEW

Hyaloscypha vitreola

Hydnum umbilicatum

Hydropus atramentosus **

NEW

Hydropus scabripes **

Hygrocybe miniata

Hygrocybe psittacina *

Hygrocybe russocoriacea *

Hygrocybe singeri **

Hygrophoropsis olida


roseipes * NEW

Hymenochaete corrugata *

NEW

Hymenochaete fuliginosa *

NEW

Hymenochaete tabacina *

Hymenogaster subalpinus *

NEW

Hymenoscyphus caudatus *

Hymenoscyphus imberbis

Hyphoderma argillaceum *

Hyphoderma setigerum *

Hyphodermella corrugata *

Hyphodontia alutaria

Hyphodontia aspera

Hyphodontia crustosa

Hyphodontia floccosa

Hyphodontia nespori

Hyphodontia quercina

Hyphodontia sambuci

Hyphodontia spathulata NEW

Hyphodontia subalutacea *

Hypholoma capnoides

Hypholoma fasciculare

Hypochnicium lundellii NEW

Hypocrea moravica * NEW

Hypocrea pulvinata **

Hypomyces cervinigenus

Hypoxylon rubiginosum *

Hysterangium separabile *

NEW


NEW

Inocybe amblyspora *

Inocybe assimilata

Inocybe calida **

Inocybe castanea

Inocybe chelanensis * NEW

Inocybe flocculosa var.

flocculosa **

Inocybe fuscidula var. fuscidula

**

Inocybe geophylla

Inocybe inodora **

Inocybe lacera var. helobia *

Inocybe lanuginosa

Inocybe lilacina

Inocybe mixtilis *

Inocybe praetervisa **

Inocybe pudica *

Inocybe pusio **

Inocybe salicis *

Inocybe subcarpta **

Ischnoderma benzoinum

Jahnoporus hirtus

Kuehneromyces vernalis *

Laccaria amethysteooccidentalis

Laccaria laccata

Lachnella alboviolascens **

Lachnellula calyciformis *

Lachnellula gallica *

Lachnum brevipilosum **

Lachnum fasciculare *

Lachnum pudibundum

Lachnum virgineum


megacarpus ** NEW

Lactarius occidentalis

Lactarius subviscidus *

Laeticorticium minnsiae

Lanzia luteovirescens **

Lasiobelonium corticale * NEW

Lentaria pinicola *

Lepiota castanea *

Leucopaxillus albissimus

Lichenomphalia alpina * NEW

Lichenomphalia umbellifera

Lycoperdon perlatum

Lycoperdon pyriforme


latifolia **

Marasmiellus candidus

Marasmiellus vaillantii * NEW

Marasmius androsaceus *

Marasmius plicatulus

Melanoleuca humilis

Melanoleuca stridula

Melanotus horizontalis **

Meruliopsis corium *

Micromphale arbuticola

Mollisia cinerea

Morchella elata

Mucronella fusiformis **

Mucronella pendula ** NEW

Mucronella pulchra **

Multiclavula mucida

Mycena acicula **

Mycena adonis

Mycena albissima *

Mycena amicta *

Mycena aurantiomarginata

Mycena capillaris *

Mycena cinerella **

Mycena citrinomarginata *

Mycena clavata

Mycena corticola **

Mycena delicatella *

Mycena elegantula *

Mycena epipterygia

Mycena filopes

Mycena fusco-ocula

Mycena galopus


cascadensis * NEW


marginata

Mycena laevigata NEW

Mycena leptocephala

Mycena maculata

Mycena metata *

Mycena olivaceomarginata

Mycena parabolica

Mycena pura

Mycena purpureofusca

Mycena rorida

Mycena sanguinolenta

Mycena speirea

Mycena stannea *

Mycena subsupina

Mycena supina *

Mycenella nodulosa **


NEW

Neodasyscypha cervina * NEW

Nidula candida NEW

Nitschkia collapsa

Nolanea cetrata f. cetrata *

Nolanea cetrata f. mediospora

Nolanea farinolens *

Nolanea fusciceps

Nolanea hebes

Nolanea hirtipes *

Nolanea holoconiota *

Nolanea lucida *

Nolanea pusillipapillata *

Oedohysterium insidens NEW

Oidium conspersum * NEW

Omphalina obscurata **

Orbilia delicatula **

74


Otidea onotica *

Panaeolina foenisecii *

Panaeolus fimicola NEW

Panellus longinquus

Panellus stipticus **

Peniophora aurantiaca **

Peniophora cinerea *

Peniophora decorticans

Peniophora incarnata *

Peniophora polygonia **

Peniophorella praetermissa

Phaeohelotium umbilicatum *

Phaeolus schweinitzii

Phaeomarasmius rimulincola

Phanerochaete sanguinea *

Phanerochaete sordida

Phellinus ferreus *

Phlebia livida **

Phlebia radiata *

Phlebia rufa

Phlebiella christiansenii

Pholiota decorata

Pirex concentricus *

Plectania melastoma *

Pleurotus ostreatus

Pluteus cervinus

Pluteus petasatus * NEW

Pluteus podospileus f.

minutissimus **

Pluteus pouzarianus **

Pluteus primus *

Pluteus romellii

Pluteus sect. Hispidoderma *

NEW

Pluteus thomsonii *

Polydesmia pruinosa **

Polyporus badius

Propolis versicolor *

Psathyrella candolleana *

Psathyrella cernua

Psathyrella delineata NEW

Psathyrella longistriata

Psathyrella olympiana **

Psathyrella paradoxa **

Psathyrella quercicola * NEW

Psathyrella senex **

Psathyrella vesiculocystis **

Pseudohydnum gelatinosum

Pseudombrophila cervaria

Psilocybe inquilina *

Psilocybe phyllogena **

Radulomyces confluens

Ramaria marrii **

Ramaria myceliosa **


* NEW

Ramaricium flavomarginatum

Ramariopsis kunzei * NEW

Resupinatus applicatus **

Rhizopogon ellenae **

Rhizopogon vinicolor *

Rhodocollybia butyracea

Rhodocollybia maculata

Rhodocybe aureicystidiata **

Rhodocybe nitellina *

Rhodocybe roseiavellanea *

Rhytisma punctatum

Rickenella fibula

Rickenella swartzii

Russula raoultii

Rutstroemia sydowiana NEW

Sarcomyxa serotina

Sarcosphaera coronaria

Schizopora paradoxa

Scleroderma cepa

Scutellinia scutellata

Simocybe rubi **

Simocybe sumptuosa **

Skeletocutis alutacea

Sphaerobolus stellatus *

Steccherinum ochraceum *

Steccherinum oreophilum *

Stereum gausapatum * NEW

Stereum hirsutum

Stereum ochraceoflavum *

Stereum sanguinolentum *

Stictis radiata *

Stilbella fimetaria NEW

Strobilurus trullisatus

Stropharia ambigua

Suillus caerulescens

Suillus lakei

Tapesia fusca

Tapinella panuoides

Tarzetta cupularis * NEW

Tephrocybe oldae **

Tephrocybe platypus *

Tetrapyrgos subdendrophora **

Tomentella calcicola NEW

Trametes versicolor

Trechispora microspora

Tremella encephala *

Tremella foliacea

Tremellodendropsis tuberosa *

Tremiscus helvelloides *

Trichaptum abietinum

Tricholoma pardinum

Tricholoma scalpturatum **

Tricholoma sulphureum

Tubaria conspersa

Tubaria furfuracea *

Tubaria hiemalis *

Tubaria punicea **

Tubulicrinis glebulosus *

Tubulicrinis subulatus

Typhula erythropus **

Tyromyces caesius

Tyromyces chioneus

Tyromyces fragilis

Uknown blue mushroom **

Unguiculella sp. *

Velutarina rufo-olivacea

Vuilleminia cystidiata * NEW

Xenasma praeteritum NEW


Xeromphalina campanella

Xeromphalina cornui **

Xeromphalina fulvipes

Xylaria hypoxylon

Xylaria sp. NEW

75


9 out of 9 - 69 species

Appendix 4: The most frequently occurring species


Bisporella citrina

Callistosporium luteoolivaceum*

Chromosera cyanophylla *

Clavulina cristata

Clitocybe deceptiva *


Cortinarius leucopus *


Cystoderma fallax


Dacrymyces palmatus

Dacrymyces stillatus *

Deconica montana


Fomitopsis pinicola


Galerina marginata *

Galerina sideroides *


vittiformis f. tetraspora *


Gymnopus fuscopurpureus *

8 of 9 - 52 species


Armillaria ostoyae

Calocera cornea

Calocera viscosa

Clavulinopsis laeticolor *

Clitocybe elegantula *

Clitocybe vibecina *

Coprinopsis lagopus

Cortinarius californicus

Cortinarius vernus **

Crepidotus lundellii *

Crepidotus mollis

Cystolepiota seminuda

Galerina badipes *


dimorphocystis

Galerina evelata var. evelata

*


Helvella lacunosa


Inocybe geophylla

Inocybe lilacina

Inocybe mixtilis *

Inocybe pudica *


Laccaria laccata

Lactarius subviscidus *

Lentaria pinicola *


Lycoperdon perlatum




Mycena amicta *

Mycena delicatella *

Mycena filopes

Mycena leptocephala

Mycena parabolica


Mycena speirea

Nolanea cetrata f. cetrata *


Gomphidius glutinosus *


penetrans

Hydnum umbilicatum

Hygrocybe pratensis *

Hypholoma capnoides

Inocybe griseolilacina *

Inocybe lacera var. lacera *

Inocybe nitidiuscula *

Inocybe subcarpta **

Lepiota castanea *

Marasmius androsaceus *


Mycena adonis

Mycena alcalina

Mycena epipterygia

Mycena fusco-ocula

Mycena maculata

Nolanea farinolens *

Nolanea hirtipes *


Polyporus badius




Rhodocybe nitellina *

Sphaerobolus stellatus *

Stereum hirsutum

Stereum ochraceoflavum *

Stropharia ambigua


Suillus lakei

Trametes versicolor

Tremella encephala *


Tubaria conspersa

Tubaria hiemalis *

Tyromyces caesius

Tyromyces chioneus

Tyromyces fragilis


Xylaria hypoxylon


Mycena pura

Mycena rorida


Otidea onotica *

Phaeohelotium umbilicatum

*

Pluteus cervinus

Pluteus romellii

Psathyrella paradoxa **

Russula fragrantissima

Russula sororia


Tapesia fusca


Tricholoma terreum

Tubaria punicea **


76


7 of 9 - 63 species

Agaricus diminutivus

Agaricus hondensis

Aleurodiscus penicillatus *

Amanita pantherina

Antrodia malicola *

Astraeus hygrometricus *

Boletus truncatus

Claudopus byssisedus **

Clavulina cinerea *


Coltricia cinnamomea

Coprinus impatiens **

Cortinarius scandens


Cylindrobasidium laeve **

Fayodia pseudoclusilis *


albescens f. tetraspora *


Gomphus floccosus

Gymnopilus picreus

Gymnopus confluens

Hebeloma mesophaeum

Heterotextus luteus *

Hygrocybe miniata

Hymenochaete tabacina *


Hypomyces lactifluorum

Inocybe assimilata

Inocybe cinnamomea *

Inocybe fuscidula var.

fuscidula **

Inocybe leiocephala **

Inocybe sindonia **

Inocybe stellatospora **

Jahnoporus hirtus

Lactarius rubrilacteus

Lepiota josserandii

Lepista nuda

Leucopaxillus amarus

Mucronella bresadolae **

Mucronella fusiformis **

Mycena elegantula *

Mycena subsupina

Nolanea lucida *

Nolanea verna var.

isodiametrica **

Panellus longinquus

Peniophora incarnata *

Peziza repanda **

Phellinus ferreus *

Psathyrella ocellata **

Psathyrella olympiana **

Psilocybe inquilina *

Rickenella fibula

Russula bicolor

Russula stuntzii *

Russula veternosa *

Simocybe rubi **

Stereum sanguinolentum *

Tephrocybe boudieri *

Tremellodendropsis tuberosa

*

Tremiscus helvelloides *

Tricholoma leucophyllum **

Tricholoma sp. **

Xeromphalina cornui **

6 of 9 – 56 species

Agaricus diminutivus

Boletus truncatus

Cantharellula umbonata *

Chrysomphalina aurantiaca

*


Clavulina cinerea *

Clitocybe dealbata

Coltricia cinnamomea

Cortinarius idahoensis **

Cortinarius scandens

Cortinarius sertipes *

Crucibulum laeve

Dacrymyces capitatus *

Fayodia pseudoclusilis *

Galerina mammillata *


albescens f. tetraspora *


Gomphidius smithii

Gomphus floccosus

Hebeloma mesophaeum

Hemimycena tortuosa **

Humaria hemisphaerica **

Hygrocybe psittacina *

Hypomyces lactifluorum

Inocybe cinnamomea *


flocculosa **

Inocybe pusio **

Inocybe sindonia **

Inocybe stellatospora **

Lachnella alboviolascens **

Lachnum virgineum

Lactarius rubrilacteus

Lanzia luteovirescens **

Lepista nuda

Leucopaxillus amarus

Meruliopsis corium *

Mucronella bresadolae **

Mycena acicula **

Mycena capillaripes *


marginata

Mycena metata *

Nolanea fusciceps

Nolanea holoconiota *

Nolanea verna var.

isodiametrica **

Omphalina obscurata **

Panellus stipticus **

Peziza repanda **

Psathyrella candolleana *

Russula bicolor

Russula stuntzii *

Russula veternosa *

Scutellinia scutellata

77


Steccherinum ochraceum *

Tephrocybe boudieri *

Tricholoma leucophyllum **

Tricholoma sp. **

5 of 9 – 86 species

Agaricus

praeclaresquamosus

Agrocybe praecox

Amanita gemmata

Arrhenia spathulata

Ceriporia purpurea **

Chlorociboria aeruginascens

Clavulinopsis corniculata **

Coccomyces dentatus

Coltricia perennis

Conocybe tenera *

Crepidotus epibryus

Cytidia stereoides

Fomes fomentarius

Galerina cinnamomea **

Galerina filiformis

Galerina jaapii f. jaapii

Galerina unicolor *




vittiformis f. vittiformis *

Ganoderma tsugae

Gymnopus confluens

Gymnopus dryophilus *

Hebeloma crustuliniforme

Hebeloma hiemale *

Hebeloma lutense *

Helvella compressa *

Helvella villosa **


Hygrocybe persistens **

Hymenochaete rubiginosa *

Hyphodontia subalutacea *

Hypocrea pulvinata **

Inocybe abjecta

Inocybe fuscodisca *

Inocybe kauffmanii **

Inocybe lacera var. helobia *

Inocybe leiocephala **

Inocybe pseudodestricta **

Inocybe sororia

Laccaria bicolor

Laccaria tetraspora *

Lachnellula calyciformis *

Lachnellula gallica *

Lachnum brevipilosum **

Lachnum impudicum *

Lepiota boudieri **

Lepiota cristata

Lepiota josserandii

Melanotus horizontalis **

Mycena abramsii *

Mycena albissima *

Mycena cinerella **

Mycena citrinomarginata *

Mycena flavoalba

Mycena fragillima *

Mycena galopus

Mycena rugulosiceps

Mycena subcucullata

Mycena tenella

Nolanea pusillipapillata *

Peniophora aurantiaca **

Peniophora cinerea *


Peniophora polygonia **


Propolis versicolor *

Pseudoclitocybe cyathiformis

*

Pseudoplectania melaena

Psilocybe phyllogena **

Rhodocybe mundula **

Rhodocybe nuciolens **

Rhytisma punctatum

Russula brevipes var. acrior

Russula fragilis

Russula placita

Sparassis crispa

Stictis radiata *

Tetrapyrgos subdendrophora

**

Thelephora terrestris

Tremella foliacea

Tremella mesenterella **

Tricholoma pardinum

Tricholoma scalpturatum **

Tubulicrinis glebulosus *

Typhula erythropus **


78


Appendix 5: Changes in nomenclature and identifications

Changes in nomenclature

2004/2005 – 2011/2012 reports This report

Ascobolus furfuraceus


Grandinia spp.

Hyphodontia spp.

Coprinus disseminates

Coprinellus disseminates

Coprinus friesii

Coprinopsis friesii

Coprinus gonophyllus

Coprinopsis gonophylla

Coprinus impatiens

Corpinellus impatiens

Coprinus lagopus

Coprinopsis lagopus

Coprinus micaceus


Coprinus niveus

Coprinopsis nivea

Coprinus xanthothrix

Coprinellus xanthothrix

Galerina autumnalis

Galerina marginata

Galerina pseudobadipes

Galerina camerina

Hyphoderma praetermissum


Hyphoderma puberum

Peniophorella pubera

Hyphoderma sambuci

Hyphodontia sambuci

Merulius tremellosus

Phlebia tremellosa

Orbilia inflatula

Hyalorbilia inflatula

Panaeolus foeniseci

Paneolina foenisecii

Panellus serotinus

Sarcomyxa serotina

Phellinus pini

Porodedalaea pini

Pholiota albocrenulata

Hemistropharia albocrenulata

Psilocybe montana

Deconica montana

Ramaricium albo-ochraceum

Xenasma tulasnelloidea

Rickenella setipes

Rickenella swartzii

Sarcosoma mexicana

Urnula padeniana

Sarcosphaera crassa


Stereum striatum

Stereum ochraceoflavum

Tyromyce mollis

Leptoporus mollis

Changes in identifications

2011/2012 report This report

Anthracobia sp.


Basidiodendron caesiocinereum Basidiodendron eyrei

Bulgaria sp.

Bulgariella pulla

Dasyscyphella nivea

Dasyscyphella montana

Leucogyrophana mollusca

Pirex concentricus

Mucronella pendula

Mucronella fusiformis

Phlebiella tulasnelloidea

Ramaricium albo-ochraceum

Subulicystidium longisporum


79


Tricholoma vaccinum

Tricholoma aurantio-olivaceum

Deletions from the previous reports

2004/2005 – 2011/2012 reports Note

Antrodia sinuosa

probably old Oligoporus sp.

Hymenoscyphus albidus

= Hymenoscyphus sp.

Mycena chlorinella

Mycena leptocephala

Oxyporus similis

probably old Trichaptum abietinum

Russula xerampelina var. isabelliniceps This variety has never been published

80


Appendix 6: Transcript of the field book

April 14, 2012

Behind the smaller dome, margin, and the eastern slope: eastern slope, smaller loop to the paved road and

back by the oak with an Unknown blue agaric

Margin [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Clitocybe deceptiva

Cortinarius vernus

Cortinarius leucopus

Gyromitra esculenta

Cortinarius parkeri

Inocybe assimilata

Cortinarius vernalis



Omphalina obscurata


Eastern slope [2 – Douglas-fir forest]

Ciboria rufofusca

Nolanea cetrata f. cetrata

Nolanea holoconiota

April 21, 2012

Behind the smaller dome, margin of the forest [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Cortinarius vernalis

Gyromitra esculenta

Inocybe assimilata

Lichenomphalia alpina NEW


Nolanea holoconiota

Polyporus badius

April 28, 2012

Below the paved road, along the ephemeral creek, up to John’s bridge and back

Along the road, right side going up [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]


Rhizopogon ellenae

Forest below the road [3 – Western red-cedar forest]

Aleurodiscus penicillatus


Antrodia malicola

Fomitopsis pinicola



Botryobasidium conspersum

Geoglossum umbratile

Ceriporia purpurea

Helvella compressa

Chromosera cyanophylla

Hymenochaete tabacina

Cortinarius sertipes

Hypoxylon rubiginosum

Cortinarius vernus

Hysterangium separabile NEW

Dacryobolus karstenii NEW


Morchella elata

Mycena pura


Pseudombrophila cervaria

Psilocybe phyllogena


Stictis radiata

Tubaria hiemalis

May 13, 2012

Below the paved road, to the small bridge to John’s property [3 – Western red-cedar forest]

Athelia decipiens NEW

Ceriporia reticulata

Diatrype stigma NEW

Fomitopsis pinicola


Hemimycena tortuosa

Hyphodontia nespori

Lachnum fasciculare

Mycena acicula

Mycena adonis

Mycena leptocephala

Nitschkia collapsa

Oidium conspersum NEW


Peniophora polygonia

Plectania melastoma

Pluteus cervinus


Skeletocutis alutacea

Tapesia fusca

Xenasma praeteritum NEW

81


May 14, 2012

Below the paved road, the same route as yesterday, spent more time along the creek [3 – Western red-cedar

forest]

Bjerkandera adusta NEW

Calocera cornea


Crepidotus mollis

Cudonia circinans NEW

Fomitopsis pinicola

Helvella compressa


Meruliopsis corium

Mycena speirea



Pirex concentricus

Pleurotus ostreatus

Polyporus badius


Schizopora paradoxa

Stereum hirsutum

Tomentella calcicola NEW

Tubulicrinis glebulosus

Unguiculella sp.

May 25, 2012

Below the paved road, from Alnus rubra with Pleurotus to Alnus rubra stand by the house and back to the

paved road


Amanita pantherina

Inocybe pusio

Inocybe chelanensis NEW

Forest along the creek [3 – Western red-cedar forest]


Kuehneromyces vernalis


Lachnum pudibundum

Basidiodendron eyrei

Lachnum virgineum

Helvella villosa

Lactarius occidentalis

Hemimycena tortuosa

Mycena leptocephala

Hyalorbilia inflatula


Inocybe amblyspora


Pluteus thomsonii

Ramaria marrii

Scutellaria scutellata

Tapesia fusca

Tarzetta cupularis NEW

May 28, 2012

Behind the smaller dome, margin of the forest + eastern slope


Callistosporium luteo-olivaceum Morchella elata

Inocybe pusio

Rhodocollybia maculata


Amanita pantherina

Helvella queletii NEW

Hymenogaster subalpinus NEW

June 5, 2012

Behind the smaller dome, margin of the forest, and then the southern slope, just next to the main gate

Behind the smaller dome, margin/ridge [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Amanita pantherina

Hyphodontia alutaria


Hyphodontia subalutacea

Hypochnicium lundellii NEW

Inocybe praetervisa




Southern slope by the main gate [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Amanita pantherina

Hyaloscypha candida NEW

82


June 20, 2012

Below the paved road, up to the ephemeral creek - with Ian Gibson & Rich Mably

Along the road on the right side going up, just above the main gate [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops &

roadsides]

Agrocybe dura NEW

Rhizopogon ellenae

Below the paved road [3 – Western red-cedar forest]

Alnicola melinoides

Nolanea pusillipapillata


Pluteus petasatus NEW


Pluteus pouzarianus

Inocybe castannea

Pluteus primus

Pluteus sect. Hispidoderma

NEW

Tubaria conspersa

June 29, 2012


Hebeloma lutense

Inocybe mixtilis

Inocybe lanuginosa

Inocybe subcarpta

Along the paved road, just above the main gate, right side going up [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops &

roadsides]

Nolanea lucida

Rhizopogon ellenae

Panaeolina foenisecii

Went to check Pluteus spp. below the road, but nothing was found

July 4, 2012

Below the paved road, along the ephemeral creek

Along the paved road, right side going up [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Coltricia perennis


flocculosa

Inocybe lacera var. helobia

Inocybe pusio

Nolanea farinolens

Rhizopogon vinicolor

Tricholoma scalpturatum

Below the road, along the ephemeral creek [3 – Western red-cedar forest]

Calocera cornea




subfiliformis


Pluteus petasatus

Psathyrella candolleana

July 18, 2012

Behind the smaller dome, margin of the forest + below the paved road along the ephemeral creek


Gomphidius glutinosus

Russula sp. (eaten)

Along the paved road, right side going up [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Inocybe fuscidula var. fuscidula latifolia


Panaeolina foenisecii

Forest below the paved road [3 – Western red-cedar forest]

Entoloma hirtum NEW


Galerina nana NEW

Humaria hemisphaerica

Inocybe salicis

Mycena acicula

83


Ramariopsis kunzei NEW

Rickenella swartzii

Simocybe rubi

July 20, 2012

Below the road along the ephemeral creek up to the Alnus rubra stand [3 – Western red-cedar forest]

Amanita gemmata

Calocera cornea

Calyptella capula

Entoloma hirtum


Inocybe calida


Marasmiellus vaillantii NEW

Mycena stannea

Mycenella nodulosa


Pluteus thomsonii

Psathyrella candolleana


Simocybe sumptuosa

By the main gate [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Scleroderma cepa

August all dry, precipitation 0

September 12, 2012

Went on the hill after small showers in the previous days

Along the creek below the paved road, [3 – Western red-cedar forest] only

Phaeolus schweinitzii (fresh)

October 5, 2012

Behind the smaller dome, ridge, very dry, even Polystichum munitum flat dry on the ground [2 – Douglas-fir

forest]

No rain

Phaeolus schweinitzii [fresh]

October 17, 2012

After some rain: ca. 44 mm between October 12 and October 15

Along the road, right side going up above the main gate [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Astraeus hygrometricus

Rhytisma punctatum

Below the road along the creek, all the way to a little wetland [3 – Western red-cedar forest]

Alnicola alnetorum NEW

Alnicola salicis

Alnicola suavis

Bisporella citrina

Calocera cornea

Chondrostereum purpureum

Ganoderma tsugae

Hebeloma helodes NEW


Lanzia luteovirescens

Mycena leptocephala

Mycena speirea

Nolanea lucida

Orbilia delicatulla

Peniophora aurantiaca

Pluteus podospileus f.

minutissimus

Rhytisma punctatum

Stereum hirsutum

Stilbela fimetaria NEW


Typhula erythropus

October 25, 2012

Forest next to the main gate, southern slope, along the paved road, along the main road on both sides, up to

the former keeper’s house up to the driveway; then we went to the ridge behind the smaller dome, up to the

trail to the eastern slope [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Cytidia stereoides

Dacrymyces capitatus

Exidia glandulosa

Peniophora incarnata

Rhytisma punctatum

Stereum hirsutum

Stictis radiata



84



The ridge [2 – Douglas-fir forest]

Strobilurus trullisatus (the only fungus seen, but it was plentiful)

November 4, 2012

Behind the smaller dome, margin of the forest & the ridge


Conocybe tenera

menziesii wood)

Coprinellus impatiens

Mycena corticola

Coprinopsis lagopus

Mycena fusco-ocula

Deconica montana

Mycena leptocephala


Omphalina obscurata


Resupinatus applicatus

Gymnopus sp. (on Arbutus

Rickenella fibula

Ridge [2 – Douglas-fir forest]


Clitocybe obsoleta



Hypholoma capnoides


Marasmius androsaceus

Mycena cinerella

Mycena filopes

Mycena fusco-ocula

Mycena leptocephala


Phellinus ferreus

Polyporus badius

Notes: 1 st occurrence of Tubaria punicea in the season

No mycorrhizal fungi so far

Sphaerobolus stellatus

Stereum hirsutum




Tubaria punicea primordia


Psathyrella olympiana

Stereum hirsutum


Xeromphalina cornui


November 8, 2012

Below the road along the ephemeral creek

Along the paved road, right side above the main gate [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Clitocybe deceptiva

Coprinellus impatiens

Mycena amicta

Mycena citrinomarginata



Rhytisma punctatum


Tubaria hiemalis


Crepidotus applanatus NEW Lycoperdon perlatum

Crucibulum laeve

Mycena amicta


Mycena capillaris


Mycena laevigata NEW

Gomphidius smithii

Mycena leptocephala


Mycena parabolica

Hericium erinaceus


Heterotextus luteus

Nolanea hebes

Hymenoscyphus caudatus

Pluteus cervinus

Pluteus primus


Simocybe sumptuosa




Xylaria hypoxylon

Along the road on left side going up [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Crucibulum laeve

Mycena amicta



Note: the first mycorrhizal fungi Gomphidius smithii, Gomphidius subroseus, & Suillus caerulescens

85


November 9, 2012

Ravine, open rock outcrops below the road, and continuing towards the boundary and up to the hairpin

curve and back on the road

Along the road from the first building to the start of the ravine [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Melanoleuca humilis


Rhytisma punctatum

The ravine [3 – Western red-cedar forest]

Coniophora puteana

Mycena maculata

Mycena amicta



Mycena speirea

Mycena clavata


Mycena laevigata

Phlebia livida



Typhula erythropus

Tyromyces caesius


By the road [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Rickenella fibula

Below the road, open rock outcrop [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]


Mycena amicta



In the forest below the rock outcrops [3 – Western red-cedar forest]

Dacrymyces palmatus

Mycena leptocephala

Mycena amicta

Mycena pura

Going up to the hairpin curve [2 – Douglas-fir forest]


Psathyrella paradoxa





Tubaria furfuracea

Dried dead salal and a reviving patch of Polystichum munitum

By the road going up [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]


Lycoperdon perlatum

Clitocybe deceptiva

Mycena amicta




Tubaria hiemalis

The only mycorrhizal mushroom was Suillus caerulescens

November 12, 2012

Behind the smaller dome, margin of the mixed forest [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Stopped at the hairpin curve to check Pholiota albocrenulata on Acer macrophyllum - none

Panaeolus fimicola NEW

Margin & ridge [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Deconica montana

Lachnella alboviolascens

Galerina tundrae NEW

Mycena corticola



albescens f. tetraspora

Phaeohelotium umbilicatum

Strobillurus albipillatus

Tubaria punicea

The ridge [2 – Douglas-fir forest]

Galerina vexans NEW

Gymnopus fuscopurpureus

Note: No mycorrhizal fungi

Rutstroemia sydowiana NEW

Typhula erythropus

86


November 24, 2012

Behind the smaller dome

By the picnic table + margin [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Arrhenia spathulata

Cytidia stereoides

Astraeus hygrometricus

Deconica montana

Clitocybe dealbata


Clitocybe elegantula


Coprinopsis lagopus



vittiformis f. vittiformis

Cyathus ola



Mycena corticola


Mycena galopus

Mycena metata


Mycena pura

Nolanea fusciceps

Nolanea hebes



Tubaria punicea

Typhula erythropus


Antrodia malicola


Crucibulum laeve

Dacrymyces palmatus

Galerina camerina


Galerina vexans

Gymnopilus penetrans


Mycena amicta

Mycena corticola

Mycena epipterygia


Mycena stannea


Psathyrella olympiana

Simocybe rubi

Stereum hirsutum


Strobilurus albipilatus


Stropharia ambigua


Typhula erythropus

Unknown blue agaric

November 25, 1012

Behind the smaller dome, the ridge, then eastern slope to check Mucronella

and back the same way


Cantharellula umbonata




cedretorum





Hebeloma lutense


Mycena adonis

Mycena amicta

Mycena corticola

Mycena epipterygia

Mycena filopes

Mycena galopus


Mycena speirea

Mycena stannea


Phaeomarasmius rimulincola

Psathyrella delineata NEW


Psathyrella quercicola NEW


Simocybe rubi

Stereum hirsutum



Stropharia ambigua

Tetrapyrgos subdendrophora

Trametes versicolor


Typhula erythropus


Xylaria hypoxylon

Open rock outcrop where we had a lunch [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Deconica montana

Omphalina obscurata




Cystoderma fallax

Dacrymyces palmatus

Galerina camerina

Galerina castaneipes

Galerina sideroides


vittiformis f. tetraspora



Gymnopilus sapineus




Lepiota castannea

Mucronella fusiformis

Mycena epipterygia

87


Mycena filopes



Pluteus cervinus


Stereum hirsutum



Tapinella panuoides


December 1, 2012

The ridge, to check the “Unknown bleu agaric” & Southern slope on the left side of the main gate




Unknown blue agaric

Southern slope [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Calocera cornea



Mycena amicta


Mycena delicatella


Mycena pura


Mycena speirea

Galerina jaapi f. jaapi

Stereum hirsutum

Hebeloma lutense





Suillus lakei

Trametes versicolor



Xylaria hypoxylon

December 2, 2012

Behind the smaller dome, the ridge, all the way to the fence and Sparassis crispa that did not show up.


Armillaria ostoyae


Calocera cornea

Cantharellula umbonata

Ceriporiopsis subvermispora

Clitocybe vibecina



Dacrymyces palmatus

Unknown blue agaric

Fomitopsis pinicola



Galerina marginata



Galerina sideroides

Galerina stylifera var. stylifera



Hebeloma lutense

Heterotextus luteus



Leucopaxillus albissimus

Mycena amicta

Mycena elegantula

Mycena epipterygia

Mycena maculata


Mycena rorida


Panellus stipticus

Phellinus ferreus

Pholiota decorata

Pluteus cervinus


Psathyrella quercicola



Stereum hirsutum

Stropharia ambigua


Tremella foliacea

Tyromyces mollis



December 4, 2012

Southern slope, next to the main gate, continuing on the trail up to the trail that goes down to the paved road,

and going back on the paved road [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Agaricus hondensis

Amphinema byssoides

Antrodia malicola

Armillaria ostoyae


Bisporella citrina



Coltricia perennis


Dacrymyces palmatus

Dacrymyces stillatus

Galerina cinnamomea


Galerina sideroides





Gomphidius smithii


Hebeloma lutense

Hydropus atramentosus NEW


Inocybe lilacina

Lachnum brevipilosum

Lentaria pinicola

88


Lycoperdon pyriforme


Melanotus horizontalis

Mycena amicta

Mycena delicatella

Mycena maculata

Mycena pura


Mycena speirea

Mycena supina

Nolanea hirtipes


Phaeohelotium umbillicatum

Pluteus romellii

Polydesmia pruinosa

Psathyrella senex


Rhodocybe nitelina

Rhytisma punctatum

Rickenella fibula

Schizopora paradoxa

Stereum hirsutum


Stictis radiata


Tyromyces caesius


Along the paved road, left side going up [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]



Crucibulum laeve






Hebeloma lutense


flocculosa

Inocybe lilacina

Nolanea hirtipes

Suillus lakei

December 12, 2012

Behind the smaller dome, the ridge and then the southern slope along the whole trail up to Leccinum

manzanitae and back along the road

Ridge [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Unknown blue agaric (newly grown fruiting bodies, this time on the side, lower down closer to the ground)


Clitocybe trulliformis (pale

version)







Mycena amicta

Mycena leptocephala



Tubaria punicea

Southern slope [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Antrodia malicola

Endogone pisiformis



Bisporella citrina



Gomphidius smithii

Coltricia perennis


Cortinarius velenovskyi

Helvella lacunosa


Heterotextus luteus

Dacrymyces palmatus


Mycena amicta

Omphalina obscurata

Peniophora cinerea





Xylaria hypoxylon

December 14, 2012

Behind the smaller dome, the ridge, then the eastern slope, andmade the medium loop, and checked the

Mucronella pulchra - ground frost on the parking lot mext to the amateur astronomy hut




Galerina sideroides






Mycena clavata

Mycena corticola

Mycena metata

Polydesmia pruinosa

Dacrymyces palmatus

Fomitopsis pinicola





Hemimycena tortuosa

Hypholoma capnoides

Ischnoderma benzoinum

89


Mucronella pulchra

Mucronella pendula NEW

Mycena epipterygia


Polydesmia pruinosa



Schizopora paradoxa

Steccherinum ochraceum


Tremiscus helvelloides

Xylaria hypoxylon

December 21, 2012

Below the paved road, along the creek, up to the Corylus cornuta bush - with Hans Roemer & Ryan, met John

and his dog Heidi



Inocybe geophylla

Mycena amicta

Otidea onotica

Psathyrella paradoxa


Tephrocybe oldae


Forest [3 – Western red-cedar forest]

Agaricus hondensis


Calocera viscosa


Clavulina cristata

Coccomyces dentatus

Crepidotus mollis



Dacrymyces palmatus

Fomitopsis pinicola


Galerina fallax f. fallax

Galerina filiformis





Helvella lacunosa

Hemimycena tortuosa

Hydropus scabripes

Hymenoscyphus imberbis

Hyphodontia sambuci


Inocybe geophylla

Inocybe lilacina

Inocybe pudica


Lachnum brevipilosum

Lactarius subviscidus

Lasiobelonium corticale NEW



Mucronella pendula

Mycena aurantiomarginata

Mycena clavata

Mycena delicatella


marginata

Mycena leptocephala

Mycena maculata


Mycena supina

Nidula candida NEW

Phaeohelotium umbillicatum


Stereum hirsutum


Tapesia fusca

Tricholoma pardinum


Tyromyces caesius

Tyromyces chioneus


Xylaria hypoxylon

Along the road, left side going up [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]



Cortinarius idahoensis


Crucibulum laeve





Ramaria myceliosa

December 24, 2012

Below the paved road, going to the ephemeral creek, over the ridge and older dead deer with 4 points (so far

6 dead deer, 5 male, 1 female) [3 – Western red-cedar forest]


Crepidotus mollis


Dacrymyces palmatus

Fomitopsis pinicola


Galerina mammillata

Gymnopilus picreus

Hydnum umbilicatum


Jahnoporus hirtus

Laccaria laccata



Mycena amicta


cascadensis NEW


Rhodocybe roseiavellanea


90


January 6, 2013

Behind the smaller dome, the margin and the ridge, all way to the N end of the ridge





Mycena amicta

Tubaria punicea


Callistosporium luteo-olivaceum


Dacrymyces palmatus

Dendrothele candida

Unknown blue agaric

Galerina cinnamomea

Galerina filiformis


Galerina sideroides

Galerina unicolor

Galerina vittiformis ver.



Heterotextus luteus

Hygrophoropsis olida


Mycena clavata

Mycena filopes

Mycena parabolica

Mycena rorida

Mycena speirea

Mycena subsupina


Nolanea hirtipes

Psathyrella vesiculocystis

Rhodocybe nitelina

Sarcomyxa serotina

Stereum hirsutum


Stictis radiata

Tephrocybe platypus

Trametes versicolor

Tyromyces chioneus

January 20, 2013

Behind the smaller dome to check the unknown blue agaric and then below the paved road [2 – Douglas-fir

forest]

Antrodia malicola



vittoformis f. tetraspora


Tapesia fusca

Tubaria punicea

Unknown blue agaric




dimorphocystis

Mycena albissima


Mycena amicta

Hypocrea pulvinata

Mycena parabolica

Inocybe geophylla


Inocybe pudica

Oedohysterium insidens NEW



Lasiobelonium corticale


Rhytisma punctatum

Russula raoultii

Stereum hirsutum

Tyromyces caesius

Tyromyces fragilis

Xylaria hypoxylon

January 21, 2013

Continuing below the paved road

Along the paved road, left side going up [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]


Helvella lacunosa


roseipes NEW


Inocybe pudica

Rhytisma punctatum

Below the road [3 – Western red-cedar forest]

Fomitopsis pinicola

Hypholoma capnoides

Hygrocybe miniata

Mycena parabolica




Tyromyces fragilis

91


January 25, 2013

Below the road along the creek from Hericium to the alder stand near the house close to the boundary

Along the road, left side going up [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]


Hemimycena tortuosa




roseipes




Crepidotus mollis

Inocybe inodora

Dacrymyces palmatus

Inocybe pudica


Mycena albissima

dimorphocystis

Mycena amicta


Mycena parabolica

Ganoderma tsugae

Mycena speirea

Hygrocybe russocoriacea

Nidula candida


Panellus longinquus

Hyphodontia spathulata NEW Phellinus ferreus

Hypocrea moravica NEW

Phlebia radiata

Mycena filopes



Phlebia rufa

Psathyrella cernua


Rhytisma punctatum

Schizopora paradoxa

Steccherinum ochraceum

Stereum hirsutum



Tyromyces caesius

Tyromyces fragilis

February 3, 2013

Behind the smaller dome, up to the Douglas-fir stand behind the large oak log [2 – Douglas-fir forest]


Cylindrobasidium laeve

Unknown blue agaric




Hymenochaete corrugata NEW


Mycena parabolica


NEW


Panellus stipticus


Phellinus ferreus



Stereum gausapatum NEW

Stereum hirsutum


Trametes versicolor


Tubaria hiemalis

Xylaria hypoxylon


Propolis versicolor

Checked blue Unknown blue agaric, all old ones were there plus one small new blue

February 15, 2013

Southern slope, only the slope near the main gate [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]


dimorphocystis



Hyphoderma argillaceum


NEW

Melanotus horizontalis


Phellinus ferreus

Propolis versicolor


Stictis radiata

Trametes versicolor

February 20, 2013

Behind the smaller dome, ridge, then to the eastern slope and up to Thuja plicata patches



Basidiodendron eyrei

Unknown blue agaric (2 nice

blue on the original spot and

one now brown and one old

brown)

Fomitopsis pinicola


dimorphocystis




Hymenochaete corrugata

Hymenochaete fuliginosa NEW


Hyphodontia aspera

Hyphodontia spathulata

Mollisia cinerea

Multiclavula mucida NEW

Mycena delicatella

Mycena maculata

92



Panellus stipticus

Phanerochaete sanguinea


Schizopora paradoxa



Botryobasidium candicans

Callistosporium luteo-olivaceum


Clavaria tenuipes NEW

Dacrymyces palmatus



Tapesia fusca

Trametes versicolor

Trechispora microspora



Heterotextus luteus

Hygrocybe miniata

Hygrocybe psittacina

Hygrocybe singeri


Hyphodontia floccosa

Tubulicrinis subulatus

Tyromyces fragilis

Vuileminia cystidiata NEW

Inocybe lilacina

Mycena filopes

Mycena parabolica


Rhodocybe aureicystidiata

Rhytisma punctatum

Tephrocybe platypus

February 27, 2013

Behind the smaller dome to check Unknown blue agaric and look for Vuilleminia and then below the paved

road up to the John’s reservoir and back

Behind the smaller dome up to the Unknown blue agaric log [2 – Douglas-fir forest]

Aleurodiscus aurantius

Unknown blue agaric no

change, 2 blue and 2 brownish

Neodasyscypha cervina NEW

Peniophora cinerea


Psilocybe inquilina

Stereum sanguinolentum


Ceriporia purpurea




Clavaria tenuipes


Clavulina cristata

Hygrocybe miniata


Lachnellula calyciformis

dimorphocystis



megacarpus NEW

Mycena maculata

Mycena metata

Mycena parabolica


Schizopora paradoxa


Tremelodendropsis tuberosa

March 3, 2013

Below the paved road

By the road, left side going up [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Inocybe lilacina

Below the paved road along the ephemeral creek up to the alder stand near the house on the boundary [3 –

Western red-cedar forest]

Antrodia malicola


Bisporella subpallida


Clavaria tenuipes


Clavulinopsis laeticolor

Clitocybe harmajae

Crepidotus mollis

Dacrymyces ovisporus

Dacrymyces palmatus

Fomitopsis pinicola


dimorphocystis




Hydnum umbilicatum

Hydropus scabripes


Hyphoderma setigerum

Hyphodermella corrugata

Hypholoma capnoides

Hypocrea pulvinata

Lachnellula gallica


Meruliopsis corium

Mycena adonis

Mycena amicta

Mycena leptocephala

Mycena parabolica

Nolanea holoconiota

Peniophora cinerea


Phellinus ferreus


Psilocybe inquilina

Radulomyces confluens


93


NEW

Schizopora paradoxa

Steccherinum oreophilum



Stictis radiata


Tyromyces fragilis


Xylaria hypoxylon

March 17, 2013

The ridge to check Unknown blue agaric & ravine



dimorphocystis

Unknown blue agaric GONE

Ravine [3 – Western red-cedar forest]

Dencoeliopsis johnstonii NEW



Mycena albissima


Nolanea cetrata f. mediospora

Mycena amicta

Mycena leptocephala



Nolanea holoconiota

Tubaria conspersa

Xylaria sp. NEW

By the road [1 – Garry oak, rock outcrops & roadsides]

Agrocybe praecox

dimorphocystis



Tremella encephala

94

Photographs of selected fungi

encountered

on Observatory Hill

All the photographs were taken on Observatory Hill

by Dr. Adolf Ceska during the 2012/2013 survey

A Survey of Macrofungi on Observatory Hill: Spring 2012 and Winter 2012/2013

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