6 Wood Discoloration

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306 References Payne C, Petty JA, <strong>Wood</strong>ward S (1999) Fungal staining in Sitka spruce timber in relation to storage conditions in the sawmill yard. Mater Org 33:13–35 Pearce MH (1990) In vitro interactions between Armillaria luteobubalina and other wood decay fungi. Mycol Res 94:753–761 Pechmann von H, Aufseß von H, Liese W, Ammer U (1967) Untersuchungen über die Rotstreifigkeit des Fichtenholzes. Suppl 27 Forstw Cbl Peek R-D, Liese W (1976) Schadwirkung von Fomes annosus im Stammholz der Fichte. In: Zycha H, Ahrberg H, Courtois H et al. (eds) Der Wurzelschwamm (Fomes annosus) und die Rotfäule der Fichte (Picea abies). Suppl 36 Forstw Cbl, pp. 39–46 Peek R-D, Liese W (1979) Untersuchungen über die Pilzanfälligkeit und das Tränkverhalten naßgelagerten Kiefernholzes. Forstw Cbl 98:280–288 Peek R-D, Liese W (1987) Braunfärbungen an lagernden Fichtenstämmen durch Gerbstoffe. Holz-Zbl 113:1372 Peek R-D, Liese W, Parameswaran N (1972a) Infektion und Abbau der Wurzelrinde von Fichte durch Fomes annosus. Eur J Forest Pathol 2:104–115 Peek R-D, Liese W, Parameswaran N (1972b) Infektion und Abbau des Wurzelholzes von Fichte durch Fomes annosus. Eur J Forest Pathol 2:237–248 Peek R-D, Willeitner H (1981) Beschleunigte Fixierung chromathaltiger Holzschutzmittel durch Heißdampfbehandlung. Holz Roh-Werkstoff 39:495–502 Peek R-D, Willeitner H (1984) Beschleunigte Fixierung chromathaltiger Holzschutzmittel durch Heißdampfbehandlung. Wirkstoffverteilung, fungizide Wirksamkeit, anwendungstechnische Fragen. Holz Roh-Werkstoff 42:241–244 Peek R-D, Willeitner H, Harm U (1980) Farbindikatoren zur Bestimmung von Pilzbefall im Holz. Holz Roh-Werkstoff 38:225–244 Pegler DN (1991) Taxonomy, identification and recognition of Serpula lacrymans. In: Jennings DH, Bravery AF (eds) Serpula lacrymans. Wiley, Chichester, pp. 1–7 Pelayo SA, Giron MY, Garcia CM, Cariño FA, San Pablo MR (2000) Effectiveness of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) nut shell liquid (CNSL) against wood-destroying organisms. FPRDI J 26:28–38 Pentillä M, Saloheimo M (1999) Lignocellulose breakdown and utilization by fungi. In: Oliver RP, Schweizer M (eds) Molecular fungal biology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 272–293 Peredo M, Inzunza L (1990) Einfluß der Lagerzeit auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften des Holzes von Pinus radiata. Mater Org 25:231–239 Perez J, Jeffries TW (1992) Roles of manganese and organic acid chelators in regulating lignin degradation and biosynthesis of peroxidases by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appl Environ Microbiol 58:2402–2409 Pernak J, Zabielska-Matejuk J, Urbanik E (1998) New quaternary ammonium chlorides – wood preservatives. Holzforsch 52:249–254 Perry TJ (1991) A synopsis of the taxonomic revisions in the genus Ceratocystis including a review of blue-staining species associated with Dendroctonus bark beetles. Gen Tech Rep SO-86, U.S. Dept Agricult Forest Serv, New Orleans Peterson RL, Massicotte HB, Melville LH (2004) Mycorrhizas: anatomy and cell biology. CABI, Wallingford Petrowitz H-J, Kottlors C (1992) Nachweis von Holzschutzmittel-Wirkstoffen im Holz. Holz- Zbl 118:1919–1920 Pettipher GL (1987) Cultivation of the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus)onlignocellulosic waste. J Sci Food Agric 41:259–265 Peylo A, Willeitner H (1995) The problem of reducing the leachability of boron by water repellents. Holzforsch 49:211–216 www.taq.ir
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Olaf Schmidt Wood and Tree Fungi Bi
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Professor Dr. Olaf Schmidt Universi
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Preface This book is the updated re
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X Contents 5 Damages by Viruses and
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1 Introduction Wood is damaged by v
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2 Biology 2.1 Cytology and Morpholo
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 5 10 nm
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 7 The h
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 9 Due t
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 11 velopme
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 13 Fig.2.6
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 21 shapedp
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 23 surface
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 25 and Ish
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2.3 Sexuality 27 the basidiospores
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2.3 Sexuality 29 Table 2.6. Pairing
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2.4 Identification 31 In addition t
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2.4 Identification 33 2.4.2 Molecul
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2.4 Identification 35 antibodies. A
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2.4 Identification 37 RAPD analysis
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2.4 Identification 39 in view of a
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2.4 Identification 41 Sequences of
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2.4 Identification 43 basidiomycete
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2.4 Identification 45 cleotide unit
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2.5 Classification 47 Fatty acid pr
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2.5 Classification 49 with about 12
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2.5 Classification 51 Table 2.12. C
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3 Physiology The wood-inhabiting fu
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3.1 Nutrients 55 conditions in the
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3.1 Nutrients 57 Al, S, and Zn were
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3.2 Air 59 Table 3.4. Energy produc
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 61 surviv
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 63 Table
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 65 of bro
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3.4 Temperature 67 puteana, Gloeoph
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3.4 Temperature 69 mycelial growth.
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3.5 pH Value and Acid Production by
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3.5 pH Value and Acid Production by
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3.6 Light and Force of Gravity 75 s
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3.7 Restrictions of Physiological D
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3.8 Competition and Interactions Be
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88 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation rel
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90 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation cel
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92 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Fig
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94 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Saa
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96 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Ear
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98 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation pro
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100 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation th
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102 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation mo
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104 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation ve
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106 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation be
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5 5.1 Viruses Damages by Viruses an
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5.2 Bacteria 111 Gram staining divi
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5.2 Bacteria 113 doch and Campana 1
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5.2 Bacteria 115 Fig.5.3. Bacterial
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5.2 Bacteria 117 Woods from Tertiar
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6 Wood Discoloration The damage of
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6.1 Molding 121 6.1 Molding Theterm
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6.1 Molding 123 Molded wood is, how
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6.2 Blue Stain 125 There are variou
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6.2 Blue Stain 127 40 ◦ C. The mo
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6.3 Red Streaking 129 6.3 Red Strea
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6.4 Protection 131 often A. areolat
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6.4 Protection 133 Fougerousse 1985
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136 7 Wood Rot enzymatic action and
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138 7 Wood Rot Brown-rot fungi colo
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140 7 Wood Rot In the successive (s
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142 7 Wood Rot Table 7.2. Some comm
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144 7 Wood Rot enlargement of exist
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146 7 Wood Rot rine salts, which in
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148 7 Wood Rot Table 7.5. Hazard cl
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150 7 Wood Rot Fig.7.5. Kolle flask
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152 7 Wood Rot allowed for indoor a
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154 7 Wood Rot Table 7.10. Major gr
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156 7 Wood Rot 1935 from staining a
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158 7 Wood Rot type end coating of
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8 Habitat of Wood Fungi Microbial d
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8.1 Fungal Damage to Living Trees 1
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 173 d
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 175 w
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 177 t
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 179 8
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 181 T
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 183 The
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 185 Tab
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 187 and
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 189 and
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 191 sin
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 193 you
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 195 Cry
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 197 A p
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 199 dea
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8.4 Damage to Stored Wood and Struc
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8.5 Damage to Structural Timber Ind
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9 Positive Effects of Wood-Inhabiti
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9.2 Cultivation of Edible Mushrooms
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9.3 Biological Pulping 245 typicall
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9.5 Wood Saccharification and Sulph
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9.7 Recent Biotechnological Process
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9.7 Recent Biotechnological Process
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254 Appendix 1 vegetative hyphae wi
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256 Appendix 1 16∗ mycelium not o
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258 Appendix 1 first white, then br
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Appendix 2 Fungi Mentioned in this
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Appendix 2 263 Fuligo septica Gmeli
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Appendix 2 265 Phellinus robustus (
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References Aanen DK, Kuyper TW, Hoe
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References 269 Augusta U, Rapp AO (
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References 271 Behrendt CJ, Blanche
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References 273 Braun HJ (1977) Das
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References 275 Cherfas J (1991) Dis
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References 277 Daniel G (2003) Micr
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References 279 Duchesne LC, Hubbes
Page 566: References 281 Falck R (1927) Gutac
Page 570: References 283 Glenn JK, Gold HH (1
Page 574: References 285 Haller-Brem S (2001)
Page 578: References 287 Heydeck P (1997) Kie
Page 582: References 289 Humar M, Pohleven F,
Page 586: References 291 Jürgens M (2004) MA
Page 590: References 293 Keyserlingk van H (1
Page 594: References 295 Korhonen K, Holdenri
Page 598: References 297 Levy JF (1966) The s
Page 602: References 299 Lombard FF (1990) A
Page 606: References 301 Wood deterioration a
Page 610: References 303 Naumann A (1995) Zur
Page 614: References 305 Otjen L, Blanchette
Page 620: 308 References Rapp AO, Müller J (
Page 624: 310 References Rösch R (1972) Phen
Page 628: 312 References Schmidt H (2005) Au
Page 632: 314 References Schmidt O, Schmitt U
Page 636: 316 References Schwarze FWMR (2005)
Page 640: 318 References Siepmann R (1970) Ar
Page 644: 320 References Sutter H-P (2003) Ho
Page 648: 322 References Uemura S, Ishihara M
Page 652: 324 References Watanabe T, Sabrina
Page 656: 326 References Wohlers A, Kowol T,
Page 660: Subject Index Abiotic wood discolor
Page 664: Subject Index 331 Fruit body format
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Subject Index 333 Phylogenetic anal
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