6 Wood Discoloration

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298 References Liese W, Kumar S (2003) Bamboo preservation compendium. CIBART, ABS, INBAR Techn Rep 1, New Delhi, India Liese W, Peek R-D (1987) Erfahrungen bei der Lagerung und Vermarktung von Holz im Katastrophenfall. Allg Forstz 42:909–912 Liese W, Peters G-A (1977) Über mögliche Ursachen des Befalls von CCA-imprägniertem Laubholz durch Moderfäulepilze. Mater Org 12:263–270 Liese W, Schmid R (1962) Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen über den Abbau des Holzes durch Pilze. Angew Bot 36:291–298 Liese W, Schmid R (1963) Fibrilläre Strukturen an den Hyphen holzzerstörender Pilze. Naturwissensch 50:102–103 Liese W, Schmid R (1966) Untersuchungen zum Zellwandabbau von Nadelholz durch Trametes pini. Holz Roh-Werkstoff 24:454–460 Liese W, Schmidt O (1975) Zur Giftwirkung einiger Holzschutzmittel gegenüber Bakterien. Holz Roh-Werkstoff 33:62–65 Liese W, Schmidt O (1976) Hemmstoff-Toleranz und Wuchsverhalten einiger holzzerstörender Basidiomyceten im Ringschalentest. Mater Org 11:97–108 Liese W, Schmidt O (1986) Zur möglichen Ausbreitung von Bakterien in saftfrischem Splintholz von Fichte. Holzforsch 40:389–392 Liese W, Walter K (1980) Deterioration of bagasse during storage and its prevention. Proc 4th Int Biodet Symp Berlin 1978. Pitman, London, pp. 247–250 Lilja A, Poteri M, Vuorinen M, Kurkela T, Hantula J (2005) Cultural and PCR-based identification of the two most common fungi from cankers on container-grown Norway spruce seedlings. Can J Forest Res 35:432–439 Lin L, Hse C-Y (2005) Liquefaction of CCA-treated wood and elimination of metals from the solvent by precipitation. Holzforsch 59:285–288 Linars-Hernandez A, Wengert EM (1997) End coating logs to prevent stain and checking. Forest Prod J 47:65–70 Lindberg M (1992) S and P intersterility groups in Heterobasidion annosum: infection frequencies through bark of Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris seedlings and in vitro growth rates at different oxygen levels. Eur J Forest Pathol 22:41–45 Lindberg M, Johansson M (1991) Growth of Heterobasidion annosum through bark of Picea abies. Eur J Forest Pathol 21:377–388 Lindgren RM (1933) Decay of wood and growth of some Hymenomycetes as affected by temperature. Phytopath 23:73–81 Lindner KE (1991) Die Viren, Die Bakterien. In: Benedix EH, Casper SJ, Danert S, Hübsch P, Lindner KE, Schmiedeknecht R, Senge W (eds) Urania-Pflanzenreich. Urania, Leipzig, pp. 28–162 Linn J (1990) Über die Bedeutung von Viren und primitiven Mikroorganismen für das Waldökosystem. Forst Holz 13:378–382 Lipponen K (1991) Stump infection by Heterobasidion annosum and its control in stands at the first thinning stage. Folia Forest Helsinki 770 Little BFP (1991) Commercial aspects of bioconversion technology. In: Betts WE (ed) Biodegradation. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp. 219–234 LiuJ,FujitaR,SatoM,ShimizuK,KonishiF,NodaK,KumamotoS,UedaC,TajiriH, Kaneko S, Suimi Y, Kondo R (2005) The effect of strain, growth age, and cultivating condition of Ganoderma lucidum on 5α-reductase inhibition. J <strong>Wood</strong> Sci 51:189–192 Livingston WH (1990) Armillaria ostoyae in young spruce plantations. Can J Forest Res 20:1773–1778 Lloyd JD, Dickinson DJ (1992) Comparison of the effects of borate, germanate and tellurate on fungal growth and wood decay. IRG/WP/1533 www.taq.ir
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Olaf Schmidt Wood and Tree Fungi Bi
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Professor Dr. Olaf Schmidt Universi
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Preface This book is the updated re
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X Contents 5 Damages by Viruses and
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1 Introduction Wood is damaged by v
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2 Biology 2.1 Cytology and Morpholo
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 5 10 nm
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 7 The h
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 9 Due t
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 11 velopme
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 13 Fig.2.6
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 21 shapedp
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 23 surface
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 25 and Ish
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2.3 Sexuality 27 the basidiospores
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2.3 Sexuality 29 Table 2.6. Pairing
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2.4 Identification 31 In addition t
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2.4 Identification 33 2.4.2 Molecul
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2.4 Identification 35 antibodies. A
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2.4 Identification 37 RAPD analysis
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2.4 Identification 39 in view of a
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2.4 Identification 41 Sequences of
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2.4 Identification 43 basidiomycete
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2.4 Identification 45 cleotide unit
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2.5 Classification 47 Fatty acid pr
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2.5 Classification 49 with about 12
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2.5 Classification 51 Table 2.12. C
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3 Physiology The wood-inhabiting fu
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3.1 Nutrients 55 conditions in the
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3.1 Nutrients 57 Al, S, and Zn were
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3.2 Air 59 Table 3.4. Energy produc
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 61 surviv
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 63 Table
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 65 of bro
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3.4 Temperature 67 puteana, Gloeoph
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3.4 Temperature 69 mycelial growth.
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3.5 pH Value and Acid Production by
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3.5 pH Value and Acid Production by
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3.6 Light and Force of Gravity 75 s
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3.7 Restrictions of Physiological D
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3.8 Competition and Interactions Be
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88 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation rel
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90 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation cel
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92 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Fig
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94 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Saa
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96 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Ear
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98 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation pro
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100 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation th
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102 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation mo
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104 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation ve
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106 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation be
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5 5.1 Viruses Damages by Viruses an
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5.2 Bacteria 111 Gram staining divi
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5.2 Bacteria 113 doch and Campana 1
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5.2 Bacteria 115 Fig.5.3. Bacterial
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5.2 Bacteria 117 Woods from Tertiar
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6 Wood Discoloration The damage of
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6.1 Molding 121 6.1 Molding Theterm
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6.1 Molding 123 Molded wood is, how
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6.2 Blue Stain 125 There are variou
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6.2 Blue Stain 127 40 ◦ C. The mo
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6.3 Red Streaking 129 6.3 Red Strea
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6.4 Protection 131 often A. areolat
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6.4 Protection 133 Fougerousse 1985
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136 7 Wood Rot enzymatic action and
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138 7 Wood Rot Brown-rot fungi colo
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140 7 Wood Rot In the successive (s
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142 7 Wood Rot Table 7.2. Some comm
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144 7 Wood Rot enlargement of exist
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146 7 Wood Rot rine salts, which in
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148 7 Wood Rot Table 7.5. Hazard cl
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150 7 Wood Rot Fig.7.5. Kolle flask
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152 7 Wood Rot allowed for indoor a
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154 7 Wood Rot Table 7.10. Major gr
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156 7 Wood Rot 1935 from staining a
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158 7 Wood Rot type end coating of
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8 Habitat of Wood Fungi Microbial d
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8.1 Fungal Damage to Living Trees 1
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 173 d
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 175 w
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 177 t
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 179 8
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 181 T
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 183 The
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 185 Tab
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 187 and
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 189 and
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 191 sin
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 193 you
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 195 Cry
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 197 A p
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 199 dea
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8.4 Damage to Stored Wood and Struc
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8.5 Damage to Structural Timber Ind
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9 Positive Effects of Wood-Inhabiti
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9.2 Cultivation of Edible Mushrooms
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9.3 Biological Pulping 245 typicall
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9.5 Wood Saccharification and Sulph
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9.7 Recent Biotechnological Process
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9.7 Recent Biotechnological Process
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254 Appendix 1 vegetative hyphae wi
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256 Appendix 1 16∗ mycelium not o
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258 Appendix 1 first white, then br
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Appendix 2 Fungi Mentioned in this
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Appendix 2 263 Fuligo septica Gmeli
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Appendix 2 265 Phellinus robustus (
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References Aanen DK, Kuyper TW, Hoe
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References 269 Augusta U, Rapp AO (
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References 271 Behrendt CJ, Blanche
Page 550: References 273 Braun HJ (1977) Das
Page 554: References 275 Cherfas J (1991) Dis
Page 558: References 277 Daniel G (2003) Micr
Page 562: References 279 Duchesne LC, Hubbes
Page 566: References 281 Falck R (1927) Gutac
Page 570: References 283 Glenn JK, Gold HH (1
Page 574: References 285 Haller-Brem S (2001)
Page 578: References 287 Heydeck P (1997) Kie
Page 582: References 289 Humar M, Pohleven F,
Page 586: References 291 Jürgens M (2004) MA
Page 590: References 293 Keyserlingk van H (1
Page 594: References 295 Korhonen K, Holdenri
Page 598: References 297 Levy JF (1966) The s
Page 604: 300 References Martin F, Delaruelle
Page 608: 302 References Moreth U, Schmidt O
Page 612: 304 References Nilsson T, Obst JR,
Page 616: 306 References Payne C, Petty JA, W
Page 620: 308 References Rapp AO, Müller J (
Page 624: 310 References Rösch R (1972) Phen
Page 628: 312 References Schmidt H (2005) Au
Page 632: 314 References Schmidt O, Schmitt U
Page 636: 316 References Schwarze FWMR (2005)
Page 640: 318 References Siepmann R (1970) Ar
Page 644: 320 References Sutter H-P (2003) Ho
Page 648: 322 References Uemura S, Ishihara M
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324 References Watanabe T, Sabrina
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326 References Wohlers A, Kowol T,
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Subject Index Abiotic wood discolor
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Subject Index 331 Fruit body format
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Subject Index 333 Phylogenetic anal
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