6 Wood Discoloration

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294 References Klein-Gebbinck HW, Blenis PV (1991) Spread of Armillaria ostoyae in juvenile lodgepole pine stands in west central Alberta. Can J Forest Res 21:20–24 Kleist G (2001) Rotstreifigkeit im Fichtenholz – ein Pilzschaden und seine Ursachen. Z Mykol 67:213–224 Kleist G (2005) Vorbeugender chemischer Holzschutz. In: Müller J (ed) Holzschutz im Hochbau. Fraunhofer IRB, Stuttgart, pp. 234–264 Kleist G, Schmitt U (2001) Characterization of soft rot-like decay pattern caused by brownrot fungus Coniophora puteana (Schum.) Karst. in Sapelli wood (Entandrophragma cylindricum Sprague). Holzforsch 55:573–578 Kleist G, Seehann G (1997) Colonization patterns and topochemical aspects of sap streak in Norway spruce caused by Stereum sanguinolentum. Eur J Forest Pathol 27:351–361 Kleist G, Seehann G (1999) Der Eichenporling, Donkioporia expansa –einwenigbekannter Holzzerstörer in Gebäuden. Z Mykol 65:23–32 Klepzig KD, Smalley EB, Raffa KF (1996) Interactions of ecologically similar saprogenic fungi with healthy and abiotically stressed conifers. Forest Ecol Managem 3777: 7 pp Knigge H (1985) Struktur und Topochemie der Tüpfelmembranen und der Thyllen von Laubhölzern und Möglichkeiten ihrer enzymatischen Veränderung zur Verbesserung der Wegsamkeit. Doct Thesis Univ Hamburg Knutson DM (1973) The bacteria, wetwood, and heartwood of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides). Can J Bot 51:498–500 Koch AP (1990) Occurrence, prevention and repair of Dry Rot. IRG/WP/1439 Koch AP (1991) The current status of dry rot in Denmark and control strategies. In: Jennings DH, Bravery AF (eds) Serpula lacrymans. Wiley, Chichester, pp. 147–154 Koch AP, Kjerulf-Jensen C, Madsen B (1989) New experiments with the dry rot fungus in Danish buildings, heat treatment and viability tests. IRG/WP/1423 Koch G (2004) Biologische und chemische Untersuchungen über die Inhaltsstoffe im Holzgewebe von Buche (Fagus sylvatica L.) und Kirschbaum (Prunus serotina Borkh.) und deren Bedeutung für Holzverfärbungen. Mittlg Bundesforschungsanst Forst- Holzwirtsch Hamburg 216 Koch G, Bauch J, Puls J, Welling J (2002) Ursachen und wirtschaftliche Bedeutung von Holzverfärbungen. Allg Forstz 57:315–318 Koch G, Kleist G (2001) Application of scanning UV microspectrophotometry to localise lignins and phenolic extractives in plant cell walls. Holzforsch 55:563–567 Koch P (1985) <strong>Wood</strong> decay in Danish buildings. IRG/WP/1261 Koenigs JW (1974) Hydrogen peroxide and iron: a proposed system for decomposition of wood by brown-rot basidiomycetes. <strong>Wood</strong> Fiber 6:66–80 Kofugita H, Mastushita A, Ohsaki T, Asada Y, Kuwahara M (1992) Production of phenol oxidizing enzyme in wood-meal medium by white-rot fungi. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 38:950– 955 Kohlmeyer J (1959) Neufunde holzbesiedelnder Meerespilze. Nova Hedwigia 1:77–98 Kohlmeyer J (1977) New genera and species of higher fungi from the deep sea (1615–5315 m). Rev Mycol 41:189–206 Kollmann F (1987) Poren und Porigkeit in Hölzern. Holz Roh-Werkstoff 45:1–9 Korhonen K (1978a) Intersterility groups of Heterobasidion annosum. Commun Inst Forest Fenn 94 Korhonen K(1978b) Interfertility and clonal size in theArmillaria mellea complex. Karstenia 18:31–42 Korhonen K, Bobko I, Hanso S, Piri T, Vasiliaukas A (1992) Intersterility groups of Heterobasidion annosum in some spruce and pine stands in Byelorussia, Lithuania and Estonia. Eur J Forest Pathol 22:384–391 www.taq.ir
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Olaf Schmidt Wood and Tree Fungi Bi
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Professor Dr. Olaf Schmidt Universi
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Preface This book is the updated re
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X Contents 5 Damages by Viruses and
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1 Introduction Wood is damaged by v
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2 Biology 2.1 Cytology and Morpholo
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 5 10 nm
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 7 The h
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 9 Due t
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 11 velopme
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 13 Fig.2.6
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 21 shapedp
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 23 surface
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 25 and Ish
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2.3 Sexuality 27 the basidiospores
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2.3 Sexuality 29 Table 2.6. Pairing
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2.4 Identification 31 In addition t
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2.4 Identification 33 2.4.2 Molecul
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2.4 Identification 35 antibodies. A
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2.4 Identification 37 RAPD analysis
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2.4 Identification 39 in view of a
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2.4 Identification 41 Sequences of
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2.4 Identification 43 basidiomycete
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2.4 Identification 45 cleotide unit
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2.5 Classification 47 Fatty acid pr
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2.5 Classification 49 with about 12
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2.5 Classification 51 Table 2.12. C
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3 Physiology The wood-inhabiting fu
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3.1 Nutrients 55 conditions in the
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3.1 Nutrients 57 Al, S, and Zn were
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3.2 Air 59 Table 3.4. Energy produc
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 61 surviv
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 63 Table
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 65 of bro
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3.4 Temperature 67 puteana, Gloeoph
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3.4 Temperature 69 mycelial growth.
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3.5 pH Value and Acid Production by
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3.5 pH Value and Acid Production by
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3.6 Light and Force of Gravity 75 s
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3.7 Restrictions of Physiological D
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3.8 Competition and Interactions Be
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88 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation rel
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90 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation cel
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92 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Fig
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94 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Saa
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96 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Ear
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98 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation pro
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100 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation th
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102 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation mo
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104 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation ve
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106 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation be
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5 5.1 Viruses Damages by Viruses an
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5.2 Bacteria 111 Gram staining divi
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5.2 Bacteria 113 doch and Campana 1
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5.2 Bacteria 115 Fig.5.3. Bacterial
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5.2 Bacteria 117 Woods from Tertiar
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6 Wood Discoloration The damage of
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6.1 Molding 121 6.1 Molding Theterm
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6.1 Molding 123 Molded wood is, how
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6.2 Blue Stain 125 There are variou
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6.2 Blue Stain 127 40 ◦ C. The mo
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6.3 Red Streaking 129 6.3 Red Strea
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6.4 Protection 131 often A. areolat
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6.4 Protection 133 Fougerousse 1985
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136 7 Wood Rot enzymatic action and
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138 7 Wood Rot Brown-rot fungi colo
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140 7 Wood Rot In the successive (s
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142 7 Wood Rot Table 7.2. Some comm
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144 7 Wood Rot enlargement of exist
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146 7 Wood Rot rine salts, which in
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148 7 Wood Rot Table 7.5. Hazard cl
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150 7 Wood Rot Fig.7.5. Kolle flask
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152 7 Wood Rot allowed for indoor a
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154 7 Wood Rot Table 7.10. Major gr
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156 7 Wood Rot 1935 from staining a
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158 7 Wood Rot type end coating of
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8 Habitat of Wood Fungi Microbial d
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8.1 Fungal Damage to Living Trees 1
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 173 d
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 175 w
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 177 t
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 179 8
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 181 T
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 183 The
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 185 Tab
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 187 and
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 189 and
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 191 sin
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 193 you
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 195 Cry
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 197 A p
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 199 dea
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8.4 Damage to Stored Wood and Struc
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8.5 Damage to Structural Timber Ind
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9 Positive Effects of Wood-Inhabiti
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9.2 Cultivation of Edible Mushrooms
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9.3 Biological Pulping 245 typicall
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9.5 Wood Saccharification and Sulph
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9.7 Recent Biotechnological Process
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9.7 Recent Biotechnological Process
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254 Appendix 1 vegetative hyphae wi
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256 Appendix 1 16∗ mycelium not o
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258 Appendix 1 first white, then br
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Appendix 2 Fungi Mentioned in this
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Appendix 2 263 Fuligo septica Gmeli
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Appendix 2 265 Phellinus robustus (
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References Aanen DK, Kuyper TW, Hoe
Page 542: References 269 Augusta U, Rapp AO (
Page 546: References 271 Behrendt CJ, Blanche
Page 550: References 273 Braun HJ (1977) Das
Page 554: References 275 Cherfas J (1991) Dis
Page 558: References 277 Daniel G (2003) Micr
Page 562: References 279 Duchesne LC, Hubbes
Page 566: References 281 Falck R (1927) Gutac
Page 570: References 283 Glenn JK, Gold HH (1
Page 574: References 285 Haller-Brem S (2001)
Page 578: References 287 Heydeck P (1997) Kie
Page 582: References 289 Humar M, Pohleven F,
Page 586: References 291 Jürgens M (2004) MA
Page 590: References 293 Keyserlingk van H (1
Page 596: 296 References Laks PE, Park CG, Ri
Page 600: 298 References Liese W, Kumar S (20
Page 604: 300 References Martin F, Delaruelle
Page 608: 302 References Moreth U, Schmidt O
Page 612: 304 References Nilsson T, Obst JR,
Page 616: 306 References Payne C, Petty JA, W
Page 620: 308 References Rapp AO, Müller J (
Page 624: 310 References Rösch R (1972) Phen
Page 628: 312 References Schmidt H (2005) Au
Page 632: 314 References Schmidt O, Schmitt U
Page 636: 316 References Schwarze FWMR (2005)
Page 640: 318 References Siepmann R (1970) Ar
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320 References Sutter H-P (2003) Ho
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322 References Uemura S, Ishihara M
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324 References Watanabe T, Sabrina
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326 References Wohlers A, Kowol T,
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Subject Index Abiotic wood discolor
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Subject Index 331 Fruit body format
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Subject Index 333 Phylogenetic anal
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