6 Wood Discoloration

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References 291 Jürgens M (2004) MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS: Schlüsseltechnologie für die Proteinanalytik. Bioforum 9:52 Käärik A (1965) The identification of the mycelia of wood-decay fungi by their oxidation reactions with phenolic compounds. Stud Forest Suec 31 Käärik A (1975) Succession of microorganisms during wood decay. In: Liese W (ed) Biological transformation of wood by microorganisms. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp. 39–51 Käärik A (1978) Valid names for some common decay fungi, their synonyms and vernacular names. IRG/WP/172 Käärik A (1980) Fungi causing sap stain in wood. Swed Univ Agric Sci Dept Forest Prod 114 Käärik A (1981) Coniophora puteana (Schum. ex Fr.) Karst. In: Cockcroft R (ed) Some wood-destroying basidiomycetes. IRG/WP, Boroko, Papua New Guinea, pp. 11–21 Kaestner A, Niemz P (2004) Non-destructive methods to detect decay in trees. Wood Res 49:17–28 Kajita S, Honaga F, Uesugi M, Iimura Y, Masai E, Kawai S, Fukuda M, Morohoshi N, Katayama Y (2004) Generation of transgenic hybrid aspen that express a bacterial gene for feruloyl-CoA hydratase/lyase (FerB), which is involved in lignin degradation in Sphingomonas paucimobilis SYK-6. J Wood Sci 50:275–280 Kalberer P (1999) Pilzforschung in der Schweiz. Champignon 410:197–199 Kamdem DP, Pizzi A, Triboult MC (2000) Heat-treated timber: potentially toxic byproduct presence and extent of wood cell wall degradation. Holz Roh- Werkstoff 58:253–257 Kamitsuji H, Honda Y, Watanabe T, Kuwahara M (1999) Studies on the production of manganese peroxidase by the white-rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus. Wood Res 86:41–42 Kappen L (1993) Flechten. Algen als Partner oder als Opfer. Naturwiss Rundschau 46:260– 267 Karjalainen R (1996) Genetic relatedness among strains of Heterobasidion annosum as detected by random amplified polymorphic DNA markers. J Phytopath 144:399–404 Karlsson J-O, Stenlid J (1991) Pectic isozyme profiles of intersterility groups in Heterobasidion annosum. Mycol Res 95:531–536 Karnop G (1972a) Morphologie, Physiologie und Schadbild der Nicht-Cellulose-Bakterien aus wasserlagerndem Nadelholz. Mater Org 7:119–132 Karnop G (1972b) Celluloseabbau und Schadbild an einzelnen Holzkomponenten durch Clostridium omelianskii in wasserlagerndem Nadelholz. Mater Org 7:189–203 Karstedt P, Liese W, Willeitner H (1971) Untersuchungen zur Verhütung von Transportschäden bei anfälligen Tropenhölzern. Holz Roh-Werkstoff 29:409–415 Kartal SN, Hwang W-J, Imamura Y (2005b) Preliminary evaluation of new quaternary ammonia compound, dedecyl dimethyl ammonium tetrafluoroborate for preventing fungal decay and termite attack. IRG/WP/30375 Kartal SN, Imamura Y (2003) Chemical and biological remediation of CCA-treated waste wood. Wood Res 90:111–115 Kartal SN, Imamura Y (2005) Remediation of CCA-treated wood by chitin and chitosan. IRG/WP/50229 Kartal SN, Munir E, Kakitani T, Imamura Y (2004) Bioremediation of CCA-treated wood by brown-rot fungi Fomitopsis palustris, Coniophora puteana and Laetiporus sulphureus. J Wood Sci 50:182–188 Kartal SN, Shinoda K, Imamura Y (2005a) Laboratory evaluation of boron-containing quaternary ammonia compound, didecyl dimethyl ammonium tetrafluoroborate (DBF) for inhibition of mold and stain fungi. Holz Roh- Werkstoff 63:73–77 Kasuga T, Mitchelson KR (2000) Intersterility group differentiation in Heterobasidion annosum using ribosomal IGS1 region polymorphism. Forest Pathol 30:329–344 www.taq.ir
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Olaf Schmidt Wood and Tree Fungi Bi
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Professor Dr. Olaf Schmidt Universi
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Preface This book is the updated re
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X Contents 5 Damages by Viruses and
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1 Introduction Wood is damaged by v
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2 Biology 2.1 Cytology and Morpholo
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 5 10 nm
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 7 The h
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 9 Due t
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 11 velopme
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 13 Fig.2.6
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 21 shapedp
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 23 surface
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 25 and Ish
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2.3 Sexuality 27 the basidiospores
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2.3 Sexuality 29 Table 2.6. Pairing
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2.4 Identification 31 In addition t
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2.4 Identification 33 2.4.2 Molecul
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2.4 Identification 35 antibodies. A
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2.4 Identification 37 RAPD analysis
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2.4 Identification 39 in view of a
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2.4 Identification 41 Sequences of
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2.4 Identification 43 basidiomycete
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2.4 Identification 45 cleotide unit
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2.5 Classification 47 Fatty acid pr
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2.5 Classification 49 with about 12
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2.5 Classification 51 Table 2.12. C
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3 Physiology The wood-inhabiting fu
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3.1 Nutrients 55 conditions in the
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3.1 Nutrients 57 Al, S, and Zn were
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3.2 Air 59 Table 3.4. Energy produc
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 61 surviv
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 63 Table
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 65 of bro
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3.4 Temperature 67 puteana, Gloeoph
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3.4 Temperature 69 mycelial growth.
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3.5 pH Value and Acid Production by
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3.5 pH Value and Acid Production by
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3.6 Light and Force of Gravity 75 s
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3.7 Restrictions of Physiological D
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3.8 Competition and Interactions Be
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88 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation rel
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90 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation cel
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92 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Fig
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94 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Saa
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96 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Ear
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98 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation pro
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100 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation th
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102 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation mo
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104 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation ve
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106 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation be
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5 5.1 Viruses Damages by Viruses an
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5.2 Bacteria 111 Gram staining divi
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5.2 Bacteria 113 doch and Campana 1
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5.2 Bacteria 115 Fig.5.3. Bacterial
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5.2 Bacteria 117 Woods from Tertiar
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6 Wood Discoloration The damage of
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6.1 Molding 121 6.1 Molding Theterm
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6.1 Molding 123 Molded wood is, how
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6.2 Blue Stain 125 There are variou
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6.2 Blue Stain 127 40 ◦ C. The mo
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6.3 Red Streaking 129 6.3 Red Strea
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6.4 Protection 131 often A. areolat
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6.4 Protection 133 Fougerousse 1985
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136 7 Wood Rot enzymatic action and
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138 7 Wood Rot Brown-rot fungi colo
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140 7 Wood Rot In the successive (s
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142 7 Wood Rot Table 7.2. Some comm
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144 7 Wood Rot enlargement of exist
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146 7 Wood Rot rine salts, which in
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148 7 Wood Rot Table 7.5. Hazard cl
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150 7 Wood Rot Fig.7.5. Kolle flask
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152 7 Wood Rot allowed for indoor a
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154 7 Wood Rot Table 7.10. Major gr
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156 7 Wood Rot 1935 from staining a
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158 7 Wood Rot type end coating of
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8 Habitat of Wood Fungi Microbial d
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8.1 Fungal Damage to Living Trees 1
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 173 d
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 175 w
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 177 t
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 179 8
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 181 T
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 183 The
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 185 Tab
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 187 and
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 189 and
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 191 sin
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 193 you
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 195 Cry
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 197 A p
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 199 dea
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8.4 Damage to Stored Wood and Struc
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8.5 Damage to Structural Timber Ind
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9 Positive Effects of Wood-Inhabiti
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9.2 Cultivation of Edible Mushrooms
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9.3 Biological Pulping 245 typicall
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9.5 Wood Saccharification and Sulph
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9.7 Recent Biotechnological Process
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9.7 Recent Biotechnological Process
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254 Appendix 1 vegetative hyphae wi
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256 Appendix 1 16∗ mycelium not o
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258 Appendix 1 first white, then br
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Appendix 2 Fungi Mentioned in this
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Appendix 2 263 Fuligo septica Gmeli
Page 534: Appendix 2 265 Phellinus robustus (
Page 538: References Aanen DK, Kuyper TW, Hoe
Page 542: References 269 Augusta U, Rapp AO (
Page 546: References 271 Behrendt CJ, Blanche
Page 550: References 273 Braun HJ (1977) Das
Page 554: References 275 Cherfas J (1991) Dis
Page 558: References 277 Daniel G (2003) Micr
Page 562: References 279 Duchesne LC, Hubbes
Page 566: References 281 Falck R (1927) Gutac
Page 570: References 283 Glenn JK, Gold HH (1
Page 574: References 285 Haller-Brem S (2001)
Page 578: References 287 Heydeck P (1997) Kie
Page 582: References 289 Humar M, Pohleven F,
Page 588: 292 References Katayama S, Watanabe
Page 592: 294 References Klein-Gebbinck HW, B
Page 596: 296 References Laks PE, Park CG, Ri
Page 600: 298 References Liese W, Kumar S (20
Page 604: 300 References Martin F, Delaruelle
Page 608: 302 References Moreth U, Schmidt O
Page 612: 304 References Nilsson T, Obst JR,
Page 616: 306 References Payne C, Petty JA, W
Page 620: 308 References Rapp AO, Müller J (
Page 624: 310 References Rösch R (1972) Phen
Page 628: 312 References Schmidt H (2005) Au
Page 632: 314 References Schmidt O, Schmitt U
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316 References Schwarze FWMR (2005)
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318 References Siepmann R (1970) Ar
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320 References Sutter H-P (2003) Ho
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322 References Uemura S, Ishihara M
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324 References Watanabe T, Sabrina
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326 References Wohlers A, Kowol T,
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Subject Index Abiotic wood discolor
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Subject Index 331 Fruit body format
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Subject Index 333 Phylogenetic anal
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