6 Wood Discoloration

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References 285 Haller-Brem S (2001) Bisher rettet ein Virus die Kastanie vor dem Untergang. Holz-Zbl. 127:1470 Halliwell B (2003) Free radical chemistry as related to degradative mechanisms. In: Goodell B, Nicholas DB, Schultz TP (eds) <strong>Wood</strong> deterioration and preservation. ACS Symp Ser 845, Am Chem Soc, Washington, DC, pp. 10–15 Halmschlager E (1966) Der Kastanienrindenkrebs in Österreich. Österreich Forstztg 7:47–49 Han YW, Cheeke PR, Anderson AW, Lekprayoon C (1976) Growth of Aureobasidium pullulans on straw hydrolysate. Appl Environ Microbiol 32:799–802 Hankammer G, Lorenz W (2003) Schimmelpilze und Bakterien in Gebäuden. Erkennen und Beurteilung von Symptomen und Ursachen. Rudolf Müller, Köln Hanlin RT (1990) Illustrated genera of ascomycetes. Am Phytopath Soc, Minnesota Hansen EM, Hamelin RC (1999) Population structure of basidiomycetes. In: Worrall JJ (ed) Structure and dynamics of fungal populations. Kluwer Acad Publ, Dordrecht Hansen K (1988) Bacterial staining of Samba (Triplochiton scleroxylon). IRG/WP/1362 Hansen O, Knudsen H, Dissing H, Ahti T, Ulvinen T, Gulden G, Ryvarden L, Persson O, Strid A (1992) Nordic macromycetes, polyporales, boletales, agaricales, russulales, vol. 2. Nordsvamp, Copenhagen Hansen O, Knudsen H, Dissing H, Ahti T, Ulvinen T, Gulden G, Ryvarden L, Persson O, Strid A (1997) Nordic macromycetes, heterobasidioid, aphyllophoroid and gastromycetoid Basidiomycetes, vol. 3. Nordsvamp, Copenhagen Hansen O, Knudsen H, Dissing H, Ahti T, Ulvinen T, Gulden G, Ryvarden L, Persson O, Strid A (2000) Nordic macromycetes, ascomycetes, vol. 1. Nordsvamp, Copenhagen Harmsen L (1953) Merulius tignicola Harmsen, eine neue Hausschwamm-Art in Dänemark. Holz Roh- Werkstoff 11:68–69 Harmsen L (1960) Taxonomic and cultural studies on brown spored species of the genus Merulius. Friesia 6:233–277 Harmsen L (1978) Draft of a monographic card for Serpula himantioides (Fr.) Karst. IRG/WP/174 Harmsen L, Bakshi BK, Choudhury TG (1958) Relationship between Merulius lacrymans and M. himantioides. Nature 4614:1011 Harrington TC, McNew D, Steimel J, Hofstra D, Farrell R (2001) Phylogeny and taxonomy of the Ophiostoma piceae complex and the Dutch elm disease fungi. Mycologia 91:111–136 Harrington TC, Wingfield BD (1995) A PCR-based identification method for species of Armillaria. Mycologia 87:280–288 Harris RW, Clark JR, Matheny NP (1999) Arboriculture. Integrated management of landscape trees, shrubs, and vines, 3rd edn. Prentice Hall, Englewood, NJ, USA Hartford WH (1993) The environmental chemistry of chromium: science vs. U.S. law. IRG/WP/50014 Hartig R (1874) Wichtige Krankheiten der Waldbäume. Beiträge zur Mykologie und Phytopathologie für Botaniker und Forstmänner. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Hartig R (1878) Die Zersetzungserscheinungen des Holzes der Nadelbäume und der Eiche in forstlicher, botanischer und chemischer Richtung. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Hartig R (1882) Lehrbuch der Baumkrankheiten. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Hartig R (1885) Die Zerstörung des Bauholzes durch Pilze. Der ächte Hausschwamm. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Hartley C, Davidson RW, Crandall BS (1961) Wetwood, bacteria, and increased pH in trees. Forest Prod Lab Madison Rep 2215 Hartmann G, Nienhaus F, Butin H (1988) Farbatlas Waldschäden. Diagnose von Baumkrankheiten. Ulmer, Stuttgart www.taq.ir
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Olaf Schmidt Wood and Tree Fungi Bi
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Professor Dr. Olaf Schmidt Universi
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Preface This book is the updated re
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X Contents 5 Damages by Viruses and
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1 Introduction Wood is damaged by v
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2 Biology 2.1 Cytology and Morpholo
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 5 10 nm
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 7 The h
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 9 Due t
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 11 velopme
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 13 Fig.2.6
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 21 shapedp
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 23 surface
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 25 and Ish
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2.3 Sexuality 27 the basidiospores
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2.3 Sexuality 29 Table 2.6. Pairing
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2.4 Identification 31 In addition t
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2.4 Identification 33 2.4.2 Molecul
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2.4 Identification 35 antibodies. A
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2.4 Identification 37 RAPD analysis
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2.4 Identification 39 in view of a
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2.4 Identification 41 Sequences of
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2.4 Identification 43 basidiomycete
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2.4 Identification 45 cleotide unit
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2.5 Classification 47 Fatty acid pr
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2.5 Classification 49 with about 12
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2.5 Classification 51 Table 2.12. C
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3 Physiology The wood-inhabiting fu
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3.1 Nutrients 55 conditions in the
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3.1 Nutrients 57 Al, S, and Zn were
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3.2 Air 59 Table 3.4. Energy produc
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 61 surviv
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 63 Table
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 65 of bro
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3.4 Temperature 67 puteana, Gloeoph
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3.4 Temperature 69 mycelial growth.
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3.5 pH Value and Acid Production by
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3.5 pH Value and Acid Production by
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3.6 Light and Force of Gravity 75 s
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3.7 Restrictions of Physiological D
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3.8 Competition and Interactions Be
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88 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation rel
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90 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation cel
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92 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Fig
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94 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Saa
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96 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Ear
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98 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation pro
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100 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation th
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102 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation mo
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104 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation ve
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106 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation be
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5 5.1 Viruses Damages by Viruses an
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5.2 Bacteria 111 Gram staining divi
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5.2 Bacteria 113 doch and Campana 1
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5.2 Bacteria 115 Fig.5.3. Bacterial
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5.2 Bacteria 117 Woods from Tertiar
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6 Wood Discoloration The damage of
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6.1 Molding 121 6.1 Molding Theterm
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6.1 Molding 123 Molded wood is, how
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6.2 Blue Stain 125 There are variou
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6.2 Blue Stain 127 40 ◦ C. The mo
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6.3 Red Streaking 129 6.3 Red Strea
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6.4 Protection 131 often A. areolat
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6.4 Protection 133 Fougerousse 1985
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136 7 Wood Rot enzymatic action and
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138 7 Wood Rot Brown-rot fungi colo
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140 7 Wood Rot In the successive (s
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142 7 Wood Rot Table 7.2. Some comm
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144 7 Wood Rot enlargement of exist
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146 7 Wood Rot rine salts, which in
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148 7 Wood Rot Table 7.5. Hazard cl
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150 7 Wood Rot Fig.7.5. Kolle flask
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152 7 Wood Rot allowed for indoor a
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154 7 Wood Rot Table 7.10. Major gr
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156 7 Wood Rot 1935 from staining a
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158 7 Wood Rot type end coating of
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8 Habitat of Wood Fungi Microbial d
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8.1 Fungal Damage to Living Trees 1
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 173 d
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 175 w
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 177 t
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 179 8
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 181 T
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 183 The
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 185 Tab
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 187 and
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 189 and
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 191 sin
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 193 you
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 195 Cry
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 197 A p
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 199 dea
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8.4 Damage to Stored Wood and Struc
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8.5 Damage to Structural Timber Ind
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9 Positive Effects of Wood-Inhabiti
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9.2 Cultivation of Edible Mushrooms
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9.3 Biological Pulping 245 typicall
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9.5 Wood Saccharification and Sulph
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9.7 Recent Biotechnological Process
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9.7 Recent Biotechnological Process
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254 Appendix 1 vegetative hyphae wi
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256 Appendix 1 16∗ mycelium not o
Page 522: 258 Appendix 1 first white, then br
Page 526: Appendix 2 Fungi Mentioned in this
Page 530: Appendix 2 263 Fuligo septica Gmeli
Page 534: Appendix 2 265 Phellinus robustus (
Page 538: References Aanen DK, Kuyper TW, Hoe
Page 542: References 269 Augusta U, Rapp AO (
Page 546: References 271 Behrendt CJ, Blanche
Page 550: References 273 Braun HJ (1977) Das
Page 554: References 275 Cherfas J (1991) Dis
Page 558: References 277 Daniel G (2003) Micr
Page 562: References 279 Duchesne LC, Hubbes
Page 566: References 281 Falck R (1927) Gutac
Page 570: References 283 Glenn JK, Gold HH (1
Page 576: 286 References Haustrup ACS, Green
Page 580: 288 References Holdenrieder O (1982
Page 584: 290 References Jellison J, Chen Y,
Page 588: 292 References Katayama S, Watanabe
Page 592: 294 References Klein-Gebbinck HW, B
Page 596: 296 References Laks PE, Park CG, Ri
Page 600: 298 References Liese W, Kumar S (20
Page 604: 300 References Martin F, Delaruelle
Page 608: 302 References Moreth U, Schmidt O
Page 612: 304 References Nilsson T, Obst JR,
Page 616: 306 References Payne C, Petty JA, W
Page 620: 308 References Rapp AO, Müller J (
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310 References Rösch R (1972) Phen
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312 References Schmidt H (2005) Au
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314 References Schmidt O, Schmitt U
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316 References Schwarze FWMR (2005)
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318 References Siepmann R (1970) Ar
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320 References Sutter H-P (2003) Ho
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322 References Uemura S, Ishihara M
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324 References Watanabe T, Sabrina
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326 References Wohlers A, Kowol T,
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Subject Index Abiotic wood discolor
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Subject Index 331 Fruit body format
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Subject Index 333 Phylogenetic anal
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