6 Wood Discoloration

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References 281 Falck R (1927) Gutachten über Schwammfragen. Hausschwammforsch 9:12–64 Farrell RL, Blanchette RA, Brush TS, Hadar Y, Iverson S, Krisa K, Wendler PA, Zimmermann W (1993) Cartapip TM : a biopulping product for control of pitch and resin acid problems in pulp mills. J Biotechnol 30:115–122 Feicht E, Wittkopf S, Ohrner G, Mühlen zur A, Nowak D (2002) Gefährdung durch Holz- Hackschnitzel analysiert. Holz-Zbl 128:500 Fengel D, Wegener G (1989) <strong>Wood</strong>: Chemistry, ultrastructure, reactions, 2nd edn. de Gruyter, Berlin Fenselau C, Demirev PA (2001) Characterization of intact microorganisms by MALDI mass spectrometry. Mass Spectrom Rev 20:157–171 Filip Z, Claus H, Dippell G (1998) Abbau von Huminstoffen durch Bodenmikroorganismen – eine Übersicht. Z Pflanzenernähr Bodenk 161:605–612 Findlay WPK (1967) Timber pests and diseases. Pergamon, Oxford Findlay WPK (ed) (1985) Preservation of timber in the tropics. Martinus Nijhoff/Dr W Junk Publ, Dordrecht Findlay WPK, Savory JG (1954) Moderfäule. Die Zersetzung von Holz durch niedere Pilze. Holz Roh-Werkstoff 12:293–296 Fischer J (2005) Umweltaspekte. In: Müller J (ed) Holzschutz im Hochbau. Fraunhofer IRB, Stuttgart, pp. 314–330 Fischer K, Akhtar M, Blanchette RA, Burnes TA, Messner K, Kirk TK (1994) Reduction of resin content in wood chips during experimental biopulping processes. Holzforsch 48:285–290 Fischer M (1995) Phellinus igniarius and its closest relatives in Europe. Mycol Res 99:735–744 Fischer M (1996) Molecular and microscopical studies in the Phellinus pini group. Mycologia 88:230–238 Fischer M, Wagner T (1999) RFLP analysis as a tool for identification of lignicolous basidiomycetes: European polypores. Eur J Forest Pathol 29:295–304 Fleet C, Breuil C, Uzunovic A (2001) Nutrient consumption and pigmentation of deep and surface colonizing sapstaining fungi in Pinus contorta. Holzforsch 55:340–346. Flick M, Lelley J (1985) Die Rolle der Mykorrhiza in den Waldgesellschaften unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Baumschäden. Forst-Holzwirt 40:154–162 Florence EJM, Sharma JK (1990) Botryodiplodia theobromae associated with blue staining in commercially important timbers of Kerala and its possible biological control. Mater Org 25:193–199 Flournoy DS, Kirk TK, Highley TL (1991) <strong>Wood</strong> decay by brown-rot fungi: changes in pore structure and cell wall volume. Holzforsch 45:383–388 Fogel JF, Lloyd JD (2002) Mold performance of some construction products with and without borates. Forest Prod J 52:38–43 Fojutowski A (2005) The influence of fungi causing blue-stain on absorptiveness of Scotch pine wood. IRG/WP/10565 Forde Kohler LJ, Dinus RD, Macolm EW, Rudie AW, Farrell RA, Brush TS (1997) Improving softwood mechanical pulp properties with Ophiostoma piliferum. Tappi J 80:135–140 Forss K, Jokinen K, Lehtomäki M (1986) Aspects of the pekilo protein process. Paperi ja Puu 11:839–844 Fougerousse M (1985) Protection of logs and sawn timber. In: Findlay WPK (ed) Preservation of timber in the tropics. Martinus Nijhoff/Dr W Junk Publ, Dordrecht, pp. 75–119 Fox RTV (1990) Diagnosis and control of Armillaria honey fungus root rot of trees. Profess Horticult 4:121–127 Francke-Grosmann H (1958) Über die Ambrosiazucht holzbrütender Ipiden im Hinblick auf das System. 14th Verhandlungsber Dtsch Ges angew Entomol 1957:139–144 www.taq.ir
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Olaf Schmidt Wood and Tree Fungi Bi
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Professor Dr. Olaf Schmidt Universi
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Preface This book is the updated re
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X Contents 5 Damages by Viruses and
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1 Introduction Wood is damaged by v
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2 Biology 2.1 Cytology and Morpholo
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 5 10 nm
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 7 The h
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 9 Due t
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 11 velopme
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 13 Fig.2.6
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 21 shapedp
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 23 surface
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 25 and Ish
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2.3 Sexuality 27 the basidiospores
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2.3 Sexuality 29 Table 2.6. Pairing
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2.4 Identification 31 In addition t
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2.4 Identification 33 2.4.2 Molecul
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2.4 Identification 35 antibodies. A
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2.4 Identification 37 RAPD analysis
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2.4 Identification 39 in view of a
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2.4 Identification 41 Sequences of
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2.4 Identification 43 basidiomycete
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2.4 Identification 45 cleotide unit
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2.5 Classification 47 Fatty acid pr
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2.5 Classification 49 with about 12
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2.5 Classification 51 Table 2.12. C
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3 Physiology The wood-inhabiting fu
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3.1 Nutrients 55 conditions in the
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3.1 Nutrients 57 Al, S, and Zn were
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3.2 Air 59 Table 3.4. Energy produc
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 61 surviv
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 63 Table
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 65 of bro
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3.4 Temperature 67 puteana, Gloeoph
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3.4 Temperature 69 mycelial growth.
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3.5 pH Value and Acid Production by
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3.5 pH Value and Acid Production by
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3.6 Light and Force of Gravity 75 s
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3.7 Restrictions of Physiological D
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3.8 Competition and Interactions Be
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88 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation rel
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90 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation cel
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92 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Fig
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94 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Saa
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96 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Ear
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98 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation pro
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100 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation th
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102 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation mo
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104 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation ve
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106 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation be
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5 5.1 Viruses Damages by Viruses an
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5.2 Bacteria 111 Gram staining divi
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5.2 Bacteria 113 doch and Campana 1
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5.2 Bacteria 115 Fig.5.3. Bacterial
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5.2 Bacteria 117 Woods from Tertiar
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6 Wood Discoloration The damage of
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6.1 Molding 121 6.1 Molding Theterm
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6.1 Molding 123 Molded wood is, how
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6.2 Blue Stain 125 There are variou
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6.2 Blue Stain 127 40 ◦ C. The mo
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6.3 Red Streaking 129 6.3 Red Strea
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6.4 Protection 131 often A. areolat
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6.4 Protection 133 Fougerousse 1985
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136 7 Wood Rot enzymatic action and
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138 7 Wood Rot Brown-rot fungi colo
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140 7 Wood Rot In the successive (s
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142 7 Wood Rot Table 7.2. Some comm
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144 7 Wood Rot enlargement of exist
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146 7 Wood Rot rine salts, which in
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148 7 Wood Rot Table 7.5. Hazard cl
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150 7 Wood Rot Fig.7.5. Kolle flask
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152 7 Wood Rot allowed for indoor a
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154 7 Wood Rot Table 7.10. Major gr
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156 7 Wood Rot 1935 from staining a
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158 7 Wood Rot type end coating of
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8 Habitat of Wood Fungi Microbial d
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8.1 Fungal Damage to Living Trees 1
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 173 d
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 175 w
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 177 t
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 179 8
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 181 T
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 183 The
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 185 Tab
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 187 and
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 189 and
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 191 sin
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 193 you
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 195 Cry
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 197 A p
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 199 dea
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8.4 Damage to Stored Wood and Struc
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8.5 Damage to Structural Timber Ind
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9 Positive Effects of Wood-Inhabiti
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9.2 Cultivation of Edible Mushrooms
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9.3 Biological Pulping 245 typicall
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9.5 Wood Saccharification and Sulph
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9.7 Recent Biotechnological Process
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9.7 Recent Biotechnological Process
Page 514: 254 Appendix 1 vegetative hyphae wi
Page 518: 256 Appendix 1 16∗ mycelium not o
Page 522: 258 Appendix 1 first white, then br
Page 526: Appendix 2 Fungi Mentioned in this
Page 530: Appendix 2 263 Fuligo septica Gmeli
Page 534: Appendix 2 265 Phellinus robustus (
Page 538: References Aanen DK, Kuyper TW, Hoe
Page 542: References 269 Augusta U, Rapp AO (
Page 546: References 271 Behrendt CJ, Blanche
Page 550: References 273 Braun HJ (1977) Das
Page 554: References 275 Cherfas J (1991) Dis
Page 558: References 277 Daniel G (2003) Micr
Page 562: References 279 Duchesne LC, Hubbes
Page 568: 282 References Frankland JC, Hedger
Page 572: 284 References Grinda M, Kerner-Gan
Page 576: 286 References Haustrup ACS, Green
Page 580: 288 References Holdenrieder O (1982
Page 584: 290 References Jellison J, Chen Y,
Page 588: 292 References Katayama S, Watanabe
Page 592: 294 References Klein-Gebbinck HW, B
Page 596: 296 References Laks PE, Park CG, Ri
Page 600: 298 References Liese W, Kumar S (20
Page 604: 300 References Martin F, Delaruelle
Page 608: 302 References Moreth U, Schmidt O
Page 612: 304 References Nilsson T, Obst JR,
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306 References Payne C, Petty JA, W
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308 References Rapp AO, Müller J (
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310 References Rösch R (1972) Phen
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312 References Schmidt H (2005) Au
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314 References Schmidt O, Schmitt U
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316 References Schwarze FWMR (2005)
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318 References Siepmann R (1970) Ar
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320 References Sutter H-P (2003) Ho
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322 References Uemura S, Ishihara M
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324 References Watanabe T, Sabrina
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326 References Wohlers A, Kowol T,
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Subject Index Abiotic wood discolor
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Subject Index 331 Fruit body format
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Subject Index 333 Phylogenetic anal
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