6 Wood Discoloration

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Appendix 2 Fungi Mentioned in this Book (see also Tables 8.1–8.3; most English names according to Larsen and Rentmeester 1992, Rune and Koch 1992, some names suggested as new by the author) Scientific name, English name Significance in this book Agaricus bisporus (J.E. Lange) Pilát agaric mushroom Agrocybe aegerita (Brig.) Singer edible mushroom on wood Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl. toxic mold, blue stain Amanita caesarea (Scop.: Fr.) Pers. mycorrhizete Amanita muscaria (L.: Fr.) Hook. mycorrhizete Amylostereum areolatum (Chaill.: Fr.) Boid. red streaking Amylostereum chailletii (Pers.: Fr.) Boid. red streaking Antrodia serialis (Fr.: Fr.) Donk, Effused tramete indoor wood Antrodia sinuosa (Fr.: Fr.) P. Karsten, White polypore indoor wood Antrodia vaillantii (DC: Fr.) Ryv., Mine polypore indoor wood Antrodia xantha (Fr.: Fr.) Ryv., Yellow polypore indoor wood Armillaria borealis Marxm. & K. Korh., Nordic honey fungus tree parasite Armillaria cepistipes Velen. tree parasite Armillaria gallica Marxm. & Romagn. tree parasite Armillaria luteobubalina Watling & Kile parasite Armillaria mellea (Vahl: Fr.) Kummer, Honey fungus tree parasite Armillaria ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink, Dark honey fungus tree parasite Arthrographis cuboides (Sacc. & Ellis) Sigler pink stain Aspergillus flavus Link cancerogenic mold Aspergillus fumigatus Fres. cancerogenic indoor mold Aspergillus niger van Tieghem, Black mold mold Aspergillus versicolor (Vuill.) Tiraboschi mold on poplar wood, indoor mold Asterostroma cervicolor (Berk. & Curtis) Massee indoor wood Asterostroma laxum Bres. indoor wood Aureobasidium pullulans (de Bary) Arn. blue stain Auricularia auricula-judae (Fr.) Quélet edible mushroom on wood Auricularia polytricha (Mont.) Sacc. protoplasts Bispora monilioides Corda black streaking of beech logs Bjerkandera adusta (Willd:Fr.)P.Karsten,Smokeypolyporetreerot Boletus edulis Bull.: Fr. mycorrhizete Botrytis cinerea Pers. noble rot of wines, seedling shoot tip disease www.taq.ir
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Olaf Schmidt Wood and Tree Fungi Bi
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Professor Dr. Olaf Schmidt Universi
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Preface This book is the updated re
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X Contents 5 Damages by Viruses and
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1 Introduction Wood is damaged by v
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2 Biology 2.1 Cytology and Morpholo
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 5 10 nm
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 7 The h
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2.1 Cytology and Morphology 9 Due t
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 11 velopme
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 13 Fig.2.6
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 21 shapedp
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 23 surface
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2.2 Growth and Spreading 25 and Ish
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2.3 Sexuality 27 the basidiospores
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2.3 Sexuality 29 Table 2.6. Pairing
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2.4 Identification 31 In addition t
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2.4 Identification 33 2.4.2 Molecul
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2.4 Identification 35 antibodies. A
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2.4 Identification 37 RAPD analysis
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2.4 Identification 39 in view of a
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2.4 Identification 41 Sequences of
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2.4 Identification 43 basidiomycete
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2.4 Identification 45 cleotide unit
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2.5 Classification 47 Fatty acid pr
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2.5 Classification 49 with about 12
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2.5 Classification 51 Table 2.12. C
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3 Physiology The wood-inhabiting fu
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3.1 Nutrients 55 conditions in the
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3.1 Nutrients 57 Al, S, and Zn were
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3.2 Air 59 Table 3.4. Energy produc
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 61 surviv
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 63 Table
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3.3 Wood Moisture Content 65 of bro
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3.4 Temperature 67 puteana, Gloeoph
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3.4 Temperature 69 mycelial growth.
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3.5 pH Value and Acid Production by
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3.5 pH Value and Acid Production by
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3.6 Light and Force of Gravity 75 s
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3.7 Restrictions of Physiological D
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3.8 Competition and Interactions Be
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88 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation rel
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90 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation cel
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92 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Fig
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94 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Saa
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96 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation Ear
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98 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation pro
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100 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation th
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102 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation mo
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104 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation ve
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106 4 Wood Cell Wall Degradation be
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5 5.1 Viruses Damages by Viruses an
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5.2 Bacteria 111 Gram staining divi
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5.2 Bacteria 113 doch and Campana 1
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5.2 Bacteria 115 Fig.5.3. Bacterial
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5.2 Bacteria 117 Woods from Tertiar
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6 Wood Discoloration The damage of
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6.1 Molding 121 6.1 Molding Theterm
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6.1 Molding 123 Molded wood is, how
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6.2 Blue Stain 125 There are variou
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6.2 Blue Stain 127 40 ◦ C. The mo
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6.3 Red Streaking 129 6.3 Red Strea
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6.4 Protection 131 often A. areolat
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6.4 Protection 133 Fougerousse 1985
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136 7 Wood Rot enzymatic action and
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138 7 Wood Rot Brown-rot fungi colo
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140 7 Wood Rot In the successive (s
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142 7 Wood Rot Table 7.2. Some comm
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144 7 Wood Rot enlargement of exist
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146 7 Wood Rot rine salts, which in
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148 7 Wood Rot Table 7.5. Hazard cl
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150 7 Wood Rot Fig.7.5. Kolle flask
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152 7 Wood Rot allowed for indoor a
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154 7 Wood Rot Table 7.10. Major gr
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156 7 Wood Rot 1935 from staining a
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158 7 Wood Rot type end coating of
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8 Habitat of Wood Fungi Microbial d
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8.1 Fungal Damage to Living Trees 1
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 173 d
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 175 w
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 177 t
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 179 8
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8.2 Tree Wounds and Tree Care 181 T
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 183 The
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 185 Tab
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 187 and
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 189 and
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 191 sin
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 193 you
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 195 Cry
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 197 A p
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8.3 Tree Rots by Macrofungi 199 dea
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8.4 Damage to Stored Wood and Struc
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8.5 Damage to Structural Timber Ind
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Page 474: 8.5 Damage to Structural Timber Ind
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Page 482: 9 Positive Effects of Wood-Inhabiti
Page 486: 9.2 Cultivation of Edible Mushrooms
Page 498: 9.3 Biological Pulping 245 typicall
Page 502: 9.5 Wood Saccharification and Sulph
Page 506: 9.7 Recent Biotechnological Process
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Page 514: 254 Appendix 1 vegetative hyphae wi
Page 518: 256 Appendix 1 16∗ mycelium not o
Page 522: 258 Appendix 1 first white, then br
Page 528: 262 Appendix 2 Candida utilis (Henn
Page 532: 264 Appendix 2 Memnoniella echinata
Page 536: 266 Appendix 2 Stereum rugosum (Per
Page 540: 268 References Allen MF (1991) The
Page 544: 270 References Bastawde KB (1992) X
Page 548: 272 References Blanchette RA, Cease
Page 552: 274 References Bucur V (2003) Nonde
Page 556: 276 References Cooper JI, Edwards M
Page 560: 278 References Dickinson DJ, Sorkho
Page 564: 280 References Ellis EA (1976) Brit
Page 568: 282 References Frankland JC, Hedger
Page 572: 284 References Grinda M, Kerner-Gan
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286 References Haustrup ACS, Green
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288 References Holdenrieder O (1982
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290 References Jellison J, Chen Y,
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292 References Katayama S, Watanabe
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294 References Klein-Gebbinck HW, B
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296 References Laks PE, Park CG, Ri
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298 References Liese W, Kumar S (20
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300 References Martin F, Delaruelle
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302 References Moreth U, Schmidt O
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304 References Nilsson T, Obst JR,
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306 References Payne C, Petty JA, W
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308 References Rapp AO, Müller J (
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310 References Rösch R (1972) Phen
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312 References Schmidt H (2005) Au
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314 References Schmidt O, Schmitt U
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316 References Schwarze FWMR (2005)
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318 References Siepmann R (1970) Ar
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320 References Sutter H-P (2003) Ho
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322 References Uemura S, Ishihara M
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324 References Watanabe T, Sabrina
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326 References Wohlers A, Kowol T,
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Subject Index Abiotic wood discolor
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Subject Index 331 Fruit body format
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Subject Index 333 Phylogenetic anal
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6 Wood Discoloration

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