6 Wood Discoloration

202 8 Habitat of Wood Fungi
inChap.6.4:winterfelling,shortandadequatestorageofthefreshroundwood,
wet storage, rapid drying, storage in a gas atmosphere (N2/CO2), and storage
of cut timber in well-ventilated piles with protection against rain as well as
chemical protection.
In the following, some common Basidiomycetes on wood in outside use are
described, mostly in note form. For details see also Grosser (1985), Breitenbach
and Kränzlin (1986, 1991), Zabel and Morrell (1992), Eaton and Hale (1993),
Ryvarden and Gilbertson (1993, 1994), Bech-Andersen (1995), Butin (1995),
Kempe (2003), Krieglsteiner (2000), and Weiß et al. (2000).
8.4.1
Daedalea quercina, Maze-Gill, Thick-Maze Oak Polypore
Occurrence: circumglobal and throughout Europe, North America, North and
Central Asia, North Africa; in northern Europe only on oaks, in central and
southern Europe also on Acer, Carpinus, Castanea, Chamaecyparis, Corylus,
Eucalyptus, Fagus, Fraxinus, Juglans, Juniperus, Populus, Picea, Prunus,
Robinia, Sorbus, Tilia, and Ulmus (Wa˙zny and Brodziak 1981);
Fruit body (Fig. 8.16h): perennial, single or fused, broadly sessile, dimidiate,
flat or ungulate, sometimes imbricate, sometimes nodular or deformed, large
brackets (up to 30 cm wide and 8 cm thick) often high at the stem; hard and
corky to woody; upper surface: grooved, uneven, covered with nodes, glabrous
or somewhat pubescent, cream, ochraceous grey to brown; pore surface: sinuous,
or daedaleoid to labyrinthine, or almost lamellate, pores 1–4 mm wide
measured tangentially, walls up to 3 mm thick; monstrous fructification in the
dark; trimitic; bipolar;
Significance: brown rot in the durable heartwood of oaks and other hardwoods;
on wounded standing trees via exposed heartwood, dead branches,
on stumps, fallen stems, on sleepers, poles, stakes, wooden bridges, mine
timber; occasionally in buildings on weathered timber, like window sills and
half-timbering.
8.4.2
Gloeophyllum Species, Gill Polypores
Three Gloeophyllum species are relevant to wood. The fungi have similar fruit
bodies and life conditions (Hof 1981a, 1981b, 1981c; Grosser 1985; also Bavendamm
1952a), and are thus usually united as “wood gill polypores”. They
are widespread in Europe, North America, North Africa, and Asia on conifers
and hardwoods. Gloeophyllum abietinum is a somewhat southern species, G.
trabeum a southern species.
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