6 Wood Discoloration
6 Wood Discoloration
6 Wood Discoloration
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162 8 Habitat of <strong>Wood</strong> Fungi<br />
tophthora species, Fusarium species, Rhizoctonia solani, andMacrophomina<br />
phaseolina. The Shoot tip disease of conifer seedlings is caused by Strasseria<br />
geniculata, Botrytis cinerea, and Sphaeropsis sapinea. Sirococcus shoot dieback<br />
of spruce is caused by Sirococcus strobilinus, particularly on Picea pungens and<br />
Pinus contorta. Meria laricis causes the Meria needle-cast of young larch. The<br />
Table 8.1. Some leaf diseases caused by fungi (compiled from Butin 1995)<br />
Disease Causal fungus Classification<br />
Needle-cast of Douglas fir Rhabdocline pseudotsugae Sydow Rhytismatales (A)<br />
Phaeocryptopus gauemannii (Rohde) Petrak Dothideales (A)<br />
Lophodermium needle blight Lirula macrospora (R. Hartig) Darker Rhytismatales (A)<br />
of spruce<br />
Spruce needle reddening Lophodermium piceae (Fuckel) Höhn. Rhytismatales (A)<br />
Spruce needle rust Chrysomyxa species Uredinales (B)<br />
Rhizosphaera needle browning Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii Bubák Coelomycetes (D)<br />
of spruce<br />
Lophodermium needle-cast Lophodermium seditiosum Minter, Rhytismatales (A)<br />
of pine Staley & Millar<br />
Lophodermella pine needle-cast Lophodermella sulcigena (E. Rostrup) Höhn. Rhytismatales (A)<br />
Naemacyclus needle-cast of pine Cyclaneusma minus (Butin) DiCosmo, Rhytismatales (A)<br />
Peredo & Minter<br />
Dothistroma needle blight of pine Mycosphaerella pini E. Rostrup ap. Munk Dothideales (A)<br />
Pine needle rust Coleosporium species Uredinales (B)<br />
Larch needle-cast Mycosphaerella laricina (R. Hartig) Neger Dothideales (A)<br />
Herpotrichia needle browning Herpotrichia parasitica (R. Hartig) Dothideales (A)<br />
of Silver fir E. Rostrup<br />
Silver fir needle blight Hypodermella nervisequia (DC.) Lagerb. Rhytismatales (A)<br />
Silver fir needle rust Pucciniastrum epilobii (Pers.) Otth Uredinales (B)<br />
Black snow mold Herpotrichia juniperi (Duby) Petrak Dothideales (A)<br />
White snow mold Phacidium infestans P. Karsten s.l. Helotiales (A)<br />
Keithia disease of Thuja Didymascella thujina Rhytismatales (A)<br />
(E. Durand) Maire<br />
Giant leaf-blotch of sycamore Pleuroceras pseudoplatani (Tubeuf) Monod Diaporthales (A)<br />
Powdery mildew of maple Uncinula tulasnei Fuckel, Erysiphales (A)<br />
Uncinula bicornis (Wallr.) Lév.<br />
Tarspotofmaple Rhytisma acerinum (Pers. ) Fr. Rhytismatales (A)<br />
Cristulariella leaf spot of maple Cristulariella depraedans (Cooke) Höhn. Hyphomycetes (D)<br />
Birch leaf rust Melampsoridium betulinum (Pers.) Kleb. Uredinales (B)<br />
Beech leaf anthracnose Apiognomonia errabunda (Roberge) Höhn. Diaporthales (A)<br />
Oak leaf browning Apiognomonia quercina (Kleb.) Höhn. Diaporthales (A)<br />
Oak mildew Microsphaera alphitoides Grif. & Maubl. Erysiphales (A)<br />
Taphrina gall of alder Taphrina tosquinetii (Westend.) Magnus Taphrinales (A)<br />
Leaf browning of hornbeam Gnomoniella carpinea (Fr.) Monod Diaporthales (A)<br />
Asteroma carpini (Lib.) Sutton Coelomycetes (D)<br />
Apiognomonia leaf browning Apiognomonia tiliae (Rehm) Höhn. Diaporthales (A)<br />
of lime<br />
Poplar leaf blister Taphrina populina Fr. Taphrinales (A)<br />
Marssonia leaf-spot of poplar Drepanopeziza punctiformis Gremmen Helotiales (A)<br />
Septotinia leaf blotch of poplar Septotinia populiperda Helotiales (A)<br />
Waterman & Cash ex Sutton<br />
Poplar and willow leaf rust Melampsora species Uredinales (B)<br />
Anthracnose of plane Apiognomonia veneta (Sacc. & Speg.) Höhn. Diaporthales (A)<br />
Leaf blotch of Horse chestnut Guignardia aesculi (Peck) Stew. Dothideales (A)<br />
A ascomycete, B basidiomycete, D deuteromycete<br />
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