UNHCR's ELIGIBILITY GUIDELINES FOR ASSESSING THE ...
UNHCR's ELIGIBILITY GUIDELINES FOR ASSESSING THE ...
UNHCR's ELIGIBILITY GUIDELINES FOR ASSESSING THE ...
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to try the most senior members of the former regime, little has been done to date to bring to<br />
justice those who were involved in human rights violations and to document past crimes. 518<br />
According to the Freedom Monitoring Commission, an Iraqi human rights group, the<br />
killing of former Ba’athists continues unabated, in particular in the Southern cities of<br />
Nassriyah, Diwaniyah, Amarah, Basrah, Samawa, Kut, Hilla, Kerbala, Najaf and Hindiya.<br />
The group said in November 2006 that “(t)he number of Baathists killed since the start of<br />
2006 has reached 1,556 people and none of the cases has been investigated.” 519<br />
D. Actual or Perceived Sympathizers of the US-Led Invasion and/or the<br />
Multi-National Force in Iraq<br />
1. Employees of the Former CPA, MNF or Iraqis Employed by Foreign<br />
Embassies or Foreign Companies<br />
Many Iraqis who previously worked or presently work for, or have any type of association<br />
with the MNF, foreign (mainly Western) embassies or foreign companies are generally<br />
perceived by the insurgency as condoning and supporting the “occupation” of Iraq and have<br />
been targeted since the fall of the former regime. Other factors such as an individual’s<br />
religion, ethnicity or gender may constitute additional criteria for targeting specific persons.<br />
Iraqis are hired for all types of employment, including as contractors, engineers, translators,<br />
drivers, construction workers, bodyguards, cleaning personnel, cooks, etc. According to<br />
statistics from the US Department of Labor, 199 translators, among them Iraqis, working<br />
for Titan, a US military contractor employing thousands of translators across Iraq, have<br />
517 Six co-defendants of Saddam Hussein are on trial for mass killings in the so-called Anfal Campaign of<br />
1987-1988. According to the Prosecution, 182,000 Kurds, mainly civilians, died in the operation. Charges<br />
include genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. In January 2007, all charges against former<br />
President Saddam Hussein were dropped after he was executed on 30 December 2006 over the killing of<br />
Shi’as in Dujail. The other six defendants are Ali Hassan Al-Majid Al-Tikriti, the alleged architect of the<br />
Anfal campaign and cousin of former President Saddam Hussein. He was the Secretary-General of the Ba’ath<br />
Party’s Northern Bureau from 1987 to 1989, with authority over all state agencies in the Kurdish region<br />
during this period; Tahir Tawfiq Al-Aani, former Governor of Ninewa, Ba’ath Party official and assistant to<br />
Ali Hassan Al-Majid; Sabr Abdul-Aziz Al-Douri, former General Director of Iraq’s Military Intelligence<br />
Service; Farhan Mutlak Al-Jaburi, former Director of the Military Intelligence Service of the Northern<br />
Region; Sultan Hashem Ahmed Al-Ta’i, former Commander of Corps I of the Iraqi Army, in charge of the<br />
Northern Sector during the Anfal campaign. He later became Minister of Defence; Hussein Rashid Al-Tikriti,<br />
former Deputy for Operational Affairs to the Chief of Staff of the Iraqi Army during the Anfal campaign. See:<br />
BBC News, Timeline: Anfal trial, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/5272224.stm [last updated<br />
8 January 2007]; International Center for Transitional Justice, Iraq: Tribunal Must Improve Efforts in Anfal<br />
Trial, 17 August 2006, http://www.ictj.org/en/news/press/release/995.html.<br />
518 Corinne Troxler and Michael Kirschner, Irak: Gefährdung von ehemaligen Mitgliedern der Baath-Partei,<br />
Swiss Refugee Council [in German language], 27 January 2006, p. 7-8, http://www.osar.ch/2006/02/13/<br />
irak060127_irq_baathsecurity.<br />
519 Azzaman, Abdulhussein Ghazal, 1,500 Baathists killed in south, November 2006,<br />
http://www.iraqupdates.com/p_articles.php?refid=DH-S-09-11-2006&article=11687.<br />
102