UNHCR's ELIGIBILITY GUIDELINES FOR ASSESSING THE ...

to try the most senior members of the former regime, little has been done to date to bring to
justice those who were involved in human rights violations and to document past crimes. 518
According to the Freedom Monitoring Commission, an Iraqi human rights group, the
killing of former Ba’athists continues unabated, in particular in the Southern cities of
Nassriyah, Diwaniyah, Amarah, Basrah, Samawa, Kut, Hilla, Kerbala, Najaf and Hindiya.
The group said in November 2006 that “(t)he number of Baathists killed since the start of
2006 has reached 1,556 people and none of the cases has been investigated.” 519
D. Actual or Perceived Sympathizers of the US-Led Invasion and/or the
Multi-National Force in Iraq
1. Employees of the Former CPA, MNF or Iraqis Employed by Foreign
Embassies or Foreign Companies
Many Iraqis who previously worked or presently work for, or have any type of association
with the MNF, foreign (mainly Western) embassies or foreign companies are generally
perceived by the insurgency as condoning and supporting the “occupation” of Iraq and have
been targeted since the fall of the former regime. Other factors such as an individual’s
religion, ethnicity or gender may constitute additional criteria for targeting specific persons.
Iraqis are hired for all types of employment, including as contractors, engineers, translators,
drivers, construction workers, bodyguards, cleaning personnel, cooks, etc. According to
statistics from the US Department of Labor, 199 translators, among them Iraqis, working
for Titan, a US military contractor employing thousands of translators across Iraq, have
517 Six co-defendants of Saddam Hussein are on trial for mass killings in the so-called Anfal Campaign of
1987-1988. According to the Prosecution, 182,000 Kurds, mainly civilians, died in the operation. Charges
include genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. In January 2007, all charges against former
President Saddam Hussein were dropped after he was executed on 30 December 2006 over the killing of
Shi’as in Dujail. The other six defendants are Ali Hassan Al-Majid Al-Tikriti, the alleged architect of the
Anfal campaign and cousin of former President Saddam Hussein. He was the Secretary-General of the Ba’ath
Party’s Northern Bureau from 1987 to 1989, with authority over all state agencies in the Kurdish region
during this period; Tahir Tawfiq Al-Aani, former Governor of Ninewa, Ba’ath Party official and assistant to
Ali Hassan Al-Majid; Sabr Abdul-Aziz Al-Douri, former General Director of Iraq’s Military Intelligence
Service; Farhan Mutlak Al-Jaburi, former Director of the Military Intelligence Service of the Northern
Region; Sultan Hashem Ahmed Al-Ta’i, former Commander of Corps I of the Iraqi Army, in charge of the
Northern Sector during the Anfal campaign. He later became Minister of Defence; Hussein Rashid Al-Tikriti,
former Deputy for Operational Affairs to the Chief of Staff of the Iraqi Army during the Anfal campaign. See:
BBC News, Timeline: Anfal trial, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/5272224.stm [last updated
8 January 2007]; International Center for Transitional Justice, Iraq: Tribunal Must Improve Efforts in Anfal
Trial, 17 August 2006, http://www.ictj.org/en/news/press/release/995.html.
518 Corinne Troxler and Michael Kirschner, Irak: Gefährdung von ehemaligen Mitgliedern der Baath-Partei,
Swiss Refugee Council [in German language], 27 January 2006, p. 7-8, http://www.osar.ch/2006/02/13/
irak060127_irq_baathsecurity.
519 Azzaman, Abdulhussein Ghazal, 1,500 Baathists killed in south, November 2006,
http://www.iraqupdates.com/p_articles.php?refid=DH-S-09-11-2006&article=11687.
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