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The Emerging Need for E-Commerce Accepted Practice (ECAP) 53 Table 1: Source: Turban et al. (2001) Trend What It Is Benefits Data warehousing Gigantic computer ‘warehouses’ (storage) of large amounts of data. Data mining A sophisticated analysis technique that automatically discovers previously undetected relationships among data. Intelligent systems and agents Automated rules that execute preprogrammed decisions or tasks when encountering specified conditions in data. Electronic commerce Business done online; the exchange of products, services and money with the support of computers and Electronic document management computer networks. A technique that converts paper-based documents to digital electronic form via scanning and related technologies. Data warehouses organize data for easy access by end users of the data. When integrated with the Internet, they can be accessed from any location at any time. Enables managers to see relationships and dynamics in data elements that they had not foreseen (e.g., how the sales of one product might drive the sales of another product). Increase productivity and ease the execution of complex tasks. Intelligent agents help users navigate the Internet, access databases and conduct electronic commerce. Can provide a competitive edge and could change organizational structure, processes, procedures, culture and management. Greatly reduces storage requirements and allows the documents to be organized and manipulated like any other type of electronic data. Every item shown in Table 1 is a potential source of attributes of a legacy system. E-commerce is a composite of the trends in Table 1. THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW) – THE WEB The WWW as a vehicle for the implementation of trade and commerce has attracted the attention of business and government. There are many applications of the WWW, such as commerce, entertainment, leisure and information resources. Copyright © 2003, Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited.
54 Erwin and Singh The first e-commerce applications were started in the early 1970s. The original applications were in the form of electronic fund transfers (EFT). These applications were limited to larger corporations and financial institutions (Turban et al., 2000). This type of transaction later included electronic data interchange (EDI). There is a marked difference between EDI and e-commerce in that e-commerce involves Table 2: Definitions of E-Commerce Author Definition/Approach/Description Mclaren and Mclaren, Any electronic business transaction or exchange of information 2000 to conduct business. Greenstein and E-commerce is the exchange of products and services that Feinman, 2000 require transportation, via some form of telecommunication medium from one location to another. Electronic business is defined as the exchange of information and customer support. The activities supporting, for example, the exchange of information and provision of customer support are not strictly speaking ‘commerce’ activities, but can be referred to as ‘business’ activities. Ford and Baum, 1997 See e-commerce as an umbrella term that includes automated business transactions, online purchases, electronic forms and industrial inventory control transactions. They conclude the ecommerce represents a broad range of technologies, is socially accepted and is expected to be used. Turban et al., 2001 Business done online; the exchange of products, services and money with the support of computers and computer networks Whitten et al., 2001 Involves conducting both internal and external business over the Internet, intranet and extranets. Electronic commerce includes the buying and selling of goods and services, the transfer of funds and the simplification of day-to-day business processes - all through digital communication. U.S. Department of Business processes which shift transactions to the Internet or Commerce, 1999 some other non-proprietary, Web-based system. Turban et al, 2000 Electronic commerce is an emerging concept that describes the process of buying and selling or exchanging products, services and information via computer networks, including the Internet. Copyright © 2003, Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited.
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Acquisition Editor: Mehdi Khosrow-P
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The Economic and Social Impacts of
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vi Preface E-commerce is not new, t
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About the Authors 259 Eric Cloete B
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About the Authors 261 Technikon. He
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