22.12.2012 Views

mIT` l`gY - Guru Gobind Singh Study Circle

mIT` l`gY - Guru Gobind Singh Study Circle

mIT` l`gY - Guru Gobind Singh Study Circle

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

www.ggssc.net<br />

fibd 32-6 i{B, 2006 nze-363 fibd …„-ˆ i/m-jkV ;zws ‡…Ð nze-…Î…<br />

w[Zy ;zgkde<br />

vkL uoB ewb f;zx<br />

uh\ ;eZso<br />

ekoiekoh ;zgkde<br />

;qL oDihs f;zx<br />

;zgkde<br />

g'qL pbftzdogkb f;zx<br />

;fj ;zgkde<br />

;qL i;tzs f;zx nwB<br />

;jkfJe ;zgkde (gzikph)<br />

vkL tfozdogkb f;zx<br />

;jkfJe ;zgkde (fjzdh)<br />

phph ;ftzdoihs e"o<br />

;zgkde (gq'veFB s/ ftsoB)<br />

;qL i;pho f;zx<br />

;zgkdeh p'ov<br />

gq'L ;opihs f;zx, ;qL gowihs f;zx, vkL dhgfJzdo f;zx<br />

�����������������������������������������������������<br />

UK Contact :<br />

S. Gurlal <strong>Singh</strong>, Jathebandak Secy., GGSSC, UK<br />

Email ID : gurukalal@hotmail.com<br />

Cell : +447958122868<br />

;kvk fto;k ;kvk r"ot ftu Sg/<br />

b/yK ftu gqrNkJ/ ftukoK Bkb<br />

@;zgkdeh p'ov#<br />

r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ;NZvh ;oeb<br />

dk ;fjws j'Dk }o{oh BjhA.<br />

USA Contact :<br />

S. Sarabjit <strong>Singh</strong>, National Co-Ordinator<br />

E-mail : sarabjit6872@yahoo.com<br />

Cell : +16466436872<br />

;kvk fto;k ;kvk r"ot, vkfJo?eNo<br />

f;Zfynk ftGkr gzikp tb'A ;e{bK s/<br />

;wkfie f;Zfynk e/AdoK s/ bkfJp/qohnK<br />

bJh gZZso BzL 8$23-83 n?L gzL (13-5-<br />

83) okjhA gqtkBs j?.<br />

;qL jowhs f;zx fgqzNo s/ gpbhFo B/ wfbe fgqzNo}, ekbi o'v, b[fXnkDk s'A<br />

Sgtk e/ r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ;NZvh ;oeb bJh wkvb NkT{B n?e;N?BFB, b[fXnkDk s'A<br />

1-6-2006 B{z ikoh ehsk.gfjbk d\so L r[L FjhdK wkvb NkT{B, b[fXnkDk<br />

���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������<br />

;kbkBk uzdk<br />

d/F L 80 o[gJ/<br />

ftd/F L 750 o[gJ/<br />

ihtB w?ApofFg<br />

d/F L 700 o[gJ/<br />

ftd/F L 7500 o[gJ/<br />

�����������<br />

�������<br />

���������������������<br />

�����������<br />

�������������������<br />

����������������������<br />

��������������������������<br />

�����������������������<br />

������������<br />

����������������<br />

���������������<br />

������������������������<br />

�����������������������������<br />

������������������������������<br />

�����������������<br />

����������������������������<br />

�����������������������<br />

���������<br />

����������������������<br />

ENGLISH SECTION<br />

fgUnh Hkkx<br />

Incharge Circulation,<br />

Sada Virsa Sada Gourav<br />

Model Town Ext., Ludhiana-141 002 (Pb.India)<br />

Ph.0161-2450352, 2463606 Fax : 91-161-4610145<br />

E-mail : info@ggssc.net<br />

������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������<br />

�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������<br />

�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������<br />

B'N L u?e$vokcN @@;kvk fto;k ;kvk r"ot, r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ;NZvh ;oeb## d/ Bkwg[o G/i' ih.<br />

�<br />

�<br />

�<br />

�<br />

�<br />

��<br />

��<br />

��<br />

��<br />

��<br />

��<br />

��<br />

��<br />

��<br />

��<br />

��<br />

��<br />

��<br />

��<br />

��


;z;ko d/ gqkgs fJfsjk; ftZu, r[o{ noiB d/t ih gzit/A n;b Fjhd wzB/ iKd/ jB s/ J/Fhnk wjKdhg d/<br />

gfjb/. F[eoks, j}os Jh;k w;hj, j}os w[jzwd ;kfjp d/ d' ;g[ZsoKHHHHukoK s'A pknd i/ e'Jh ftFt gZXo<br />

dh nwo Fjkds j'Jh j? sK T[j r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh j?. J/Fhnk wjKdhg ns/ Gkosh ;z;feqsh ftZu d/t g[oFK<br />

dh gq;zBsk bJh, gF{nK dh pbh d/D dk fotki ;h, go fe;/ n;tkoE wkBtsk B{z goBkJ/ ;op ;KM/ ekoi<br />

bJh, fpBK fe;/ d'F d/ jz[fdnK, pZu ikD d/ ftebg B{z d/yd/ j'J/, Xow fBnK bJh Fjhd j' ikDk, r[owfs ftukoXkok dk wkvb ;h, fi; B{z r[o{<br />

noiB d/t ih B/ }kjok eo fdykfJnk.<br />

G? Bkb sqkj sqkj eodh b'ekJh B{z Xhoi d/D bJh fJe gk;/ fBor[D Grsh bfjo uZb ojh ;h fi; dh uow ;hwk #s/ g[Zi/ r[o{ BkBe d/t<br />

ih B/ f;Zy Xow dh ;EkgBk eoe/, fJe BthB wkBtsktkdh pqfjwzvh ftukoXkok dk w[ZY pzBQ fdZsk. G? sqk; ~ ysw eoB bJh eoweKv ezw<br />

BjhA ;h nk fojk. ;/tk-f;woB s/ b'e ikrqsh d/ d[nkok r[o{ ;kfjpkB B/ fJe bzw/ok ;fji-;zxoF nkozfGnk fi; dk nXko o{jkBh pkDh ~<br />

pDkfJnk.<br />

Bt/A Xow dhnK ;z;EktK th ;Ekgs j'JhnK, ;/tk dh iku f;ykJh rJh, wzrD dh i[rs ;wMkJh rJh, fJj th dZf;nk frnk fe nekb<br />

g[oy dh Fesh pj[s tZvh j? i' S/sh jh T[go-Ebh eo ;edh j?.<br />

;z;ko d/ oki/ u"Xoh E'V-fuo/ jB, fJjBK d/ G? eoe/ ;Zu s'A BjhA<br />

fEVeDk ukjhdk. fdqVQsk dk nfijk nkbw f;oi e/ ;fsr[oK B/<br />

gzuw ;o{g ftZu nwo Fjkds B{z ;ozikw fdZsk. fJ; Fjkds d/<br />

d"okB nefj s/ n;fj s;hj/, ;fsr[oK dh e'wb, Bkw o; Bkb<br />

Gog{o ekfJnK B{z fdZs/ rJ/.<br />

fi; ;[jkt/ w[Zy s'A i[Zr' i[r nNZb pkDh T[uoh, T[;/ B/ jh<br />

GkDk fwZmk eoe/ wzfBnK s/ j'oBK B{z wzBD dh nkfrnk ehsh.<br />

v/jok ;kfjp, bkj"o fty/ f;Zyh dk ;fGnkuko gqc[Zbs j[zdk<br />

fojk j?. jo ;kb jh d[BhnK d/ tZy-tZy d/FK s'A f;Zy ;zrsK fJeZso<br />

j' e/ FjhdK d/ f;oski ;fsr[oK B{z FoXKibh G/AN eodhnK nk<br />

ojhnK jB.<br />

;z<br />

n;hA fJ; Fjhdh Fskpdh s'A eh jk;b eo ;ed/ jK< nkgD/<br />

ihtB ftZu G? s/ sqk; fwNkT[D bJh okwebh wL ‡ dk fJj Fpd ;[zdo gq/oDk d/Adk j? s/ f;woB, nodk;, ;/tk s/ ;wogD d/ nu{e B[;y/ dZ;dk<br />

j?l<br />

wB wkfj ikfg Grtzs[.. r[fo g{o? fJj[ dhB' wzs[..<br />

fwN/ ;rb G? sqk;.. g{oB j'Jh nk;..ƒ..<br />

;cb ;/tk r[od/tk.. ehwfs feS[ ejD[ B ikJh ;ku/ ;u[ nby nG/tk..ƒ.. ojkT[..<br />

eoB eoktB nkfg.. fs; eT[ ;dk wfB ikfg..<br />

fs; eh ;/tk efo Bhs.. ;u[ ;ji[ ;[y[ gktfj whs..„..<br />

;kfjp[ w/ok nfs Gkok.. fyB wfj Ekfg T[EkgBjkok..<br />

fs;[ fpB[ nto[ B e'Jh.. iB ek okyk ;'Jh..…..<br />

efo feogk nodkf; ;[Dhi?.. nkgD/ ;/te eT[ do;B[ dhi?..<br />

BkBe ikgh ig[ ikg[.. ;G s/ T{u ik ek goskg[..†..<br />

nekbg[oy Bkb gqhs ;zi'r s/ do;B fgnk; dk foFsk jh f;Zy Fesh dk ;pZp j? s/ fJ;/ #u'A jh ;opZs dk Gbk j'Dk fB;us j?!<br />

i{B 2006<br />

@@fwN/ ;rb G? sqk;HHH##<br />

2


g'qL pbftzdogkb f;zx<br />

fvf}Nb seB'b'ih nXkos ;{uBk ;zuko gqDkbhnK ns/ wbNh-whvhnk d/<br />

ftek;-ft;Eko ;dek Xosh rqfj d/ ;ko/ fBtk;h j[D ekch jZd sZe fJe d{i/ B{z<br />

ikDB bZr/ jB. @rb'pb ftb/i# dh XkoBk jo b/y ns/ ouBk dk nzr pD ojh j?.<br />

ftFt d/ d{i/ fjZf;nK ftZu t;d/ b'eK d/ ofjD ;fjD B{z ikDB ns/ T[BQK Bkb<br />

;ZfGnkukoe ;zpzX pBkT[D bJh shpo fJZSk, g[okD/ ;fwnK s'A jh ojh j?. ftFt<br />

gqf;ZX :kso{nK, fbykohnK, fwFBohnK s/ oki-g;ko d/ ukjtkB ;[bskBK-Fk;eK<br />

ns/ tgkohnK d/ feZ;/-ejkDhnK pVh o"fue fJfsjk;e t;s{ pDhnK j'JhnK jB.<br />

;ZfGnsktK d/ fJfsjk; tZb B}o wkJhJ/ sK wjK gqtk; Bkb ftFt dk<br />

fJfsjk; gqGkts j'fJnk fwbdk j?, fit/A fe nkohnB b'e wZX J/Fhnk s'A Gkos<br />

d/F ftZu nkJ/ . :{og s'A oki eoB bJh tZy-tZy ;fGnsktK d/ Fk;e gZSV/ rohp<br />

d/FK B{z ekb'BhnK pDkT[Ad/ oj/ ns/ fJ;bkwh uVQs d/ ekb ftZu ekpb, ezXko,<br />

JhokB, s[oeh s'A jwbktoK B/ d{o-d[okv/ wkoK wkohnK.<br />

fgZSb/ d; j}ko ;kb s'A wjK gob' Bk nkT[D d/ ekoD, fiE/ fiE/ fBowkD<br />

j[zdk fojk j? ns/ i' e[M th fbfynk p[fDnk frnk, T[; B{z fe;/ B fe;/ o{g ftZu<br />

n;hA j[D th d/y ;[D ;ed/ jK. fJj rZb fB;u/ o{g Bkb wzB ;ed/ jK fe GkFktK<br />

ftZu fwbd/ fJe' fij/ Fpd, fgS'eV dhnK ;KMK B{z }o{o do;Kd/ jB, fJBQK B{z<br />

GkFkJh gotko fejk frnk j?. ftfrnkB d/ ftek; Bkb i' ;fEsh j[D d/y oj/ jK<br />

fJ; ftZu nZr'A j'o s/}h nkT[D dh ;zGktBk j?. wjK:[ZXK s'A pknd ;z;ko d/ nkr{nK<br />

d/ wB ftZu, irs nzdo FKsh ;Ekgs eoB d/ T[gkt eoB dh gq/oBk ikrdh ojh<br />

j?. fJ; gq/oBk s'A jh j[D dh :{Hn?BHUH pDh j? s/ @ftFt gXoh ;zrmB# pVh s/}h<br />

Bkb, ;ko/ ftFt B{z fJe fJekJh wzBd/ j'J/ wkBth efbnkD d/ T[gkt ;[Mkn oj/<br />

jB. ftFt f;js ;z;Ek (WHO), ftFt tgko ;zrmB (WTO), e"wKsoh w[dok<br />

e'F (IIMF), ftFt p?Ae (IBRD, World Bank), ftFt feos ;zrmB (ILO) nkfd<br />

dhnK rshftXhnK B{z ;ko/ d/FK dhnK ;oekoK wkBsk d/AdhnK jB. ftFt ftZu<br />

fJe ;oeko (World Government)dk ftuko th ;z;ko ftZu s[fonk j'fJnk j?,<br />

i' fe;/ ;w/A ;keko o{g XkoB eo ;edk j?. @;z;ko Xow ;GktK# ftZu wB[Zy d/ ;[yKt/A<br />

;[oZfyns GftZy d/ bJh nfXnkswe nfGnk; ehs/ iKd/ jB ns/ okj bZG/ iKd/<br />

jB fe fezt/A B fezt/A shi/ wjK:[ZX ~ j'D s'A pukfJnk ikt/, feT[Afe gqwkD{ s/<br />

ihtkD{ spkjh ;ko/ ftek; B{z BFN eo d/t/rh. (May 25, 1948, Sep 4,1953,<br />

Ells worth Declaration G.Davis)<br />

r[o{ noiB d/t ih d/ ftFt$pqfjwzvh fdqFfN doFB ;zpzXh ;ob ;zy/g<br />

ftuko g/F eoB dh ifrnk;k Bkb, fJj b/y fbfynk frnk j?. r[o{ ih dk<br />

iBw$gqekF 15 ng?qb, ;zB 1563 B{z r'fJzdtkb fty/ j'fJnk. i[bkJh 1581 ftZu<br />

i{B 2006<br />

n|as]Ev<br />

r[fonkJh fwbh. fgsk r[o{ okwdk; ih s/ wksk<br />

GkBh ih ;B. jfowzdo ;kfjp dh T[;koh ns/ ;qh<br />

r[o{ rzqE ;kfjp dk @g'Eh ;kfjp# d/ o{g ftZu<br />

;zgkdB, d' nsh wjZstg{oB ekoi, r[o{ ih d/<br />

jB. Fjkds d/ bJh sK nkT[Ad/ :[ZrK sheo<br />

ftFb/FD ehsk iKdk oj/rk fe fJ; dh T[ukJh s/<br />

wjZssk B{z fet/A nKfenk ikt/. r[o{ noiB d/t ih<br />

dh ;G s'A tZX pkDh, r[o{ rzqE ;kfjp ftZu doi j?.<br />

ftFt$pqfjwzvh fdqFNh d/ ftfGzB gfjb{nK B{z<br />

ft;fsqs o{g ftukoB bJh ;wK, Fesh s/ ;o'sK<br />

dk pj[s Gzvko b'VhAdk j?, fJ; ;zpzXh Bt/A y'i<br />

ekoi nkT[Ad/ ;w/A ftZu f;Zy s/ r?of;Zy y'ihnK tZb'A<br />

Bt/A wkgdzvK s/ gqhGkFKtK d/ nXko #s/ j'Dr/.<br />

fJ; b/y ftZu nkJ/ e[M nkozGe gfjb{,<br />

gkmeK dk fXnkB, ftFt tosh w[ZfdnK tZb<br />

fyuD dk T[gokbk jB. fJ; b/y ftZu<br />

ftFt$pqfjwzv d/ gq;zr ftZu nkT[Ad/<br />

nfXnkswe, ;wkfie, nkoEe, ;fGnkukoe s/<br />

wkBth B[efsnK B{z jh S'fjnk frnk j?. r[o{ ih<br />

ofus pkDh ftu'A jh ftukoXkoe ;/XK jk;b eoB<br />

dk :sB ehsk frnk j? L<br />

1H fJFN ns/ Xow dk ;o{g l<br />

r[o{ BkBe d/t ih B/ jh f;Zy Xow d/ fJFN<br />

ns/ Xow dk ;o{g ;gFN eo fdZsk ;h. r[o{<br />

noiB d/t ih B/ nkgDh pkDh nzdo fJ;/ B{z j'o<br />

fdqVQ eotkfJnk.<br />

nkfd r[oJ/ Bwj.. i[rkfd r[oJ/ Bwj..<br />

;fsr[oJ/ Bwj.. ;qh r[od/tJ/ Bwj..ƒ..<br />

rT[Vh ;[ywBh wL ‡ dk fJj nkozGe ;b'e, n?;/<br />

fJFN tZb fJFkok eodk j? fi; B{z ftFt Go d/<br />

Xow nZbk, rkv, JhFto, oZp iK y[dk wzBd/ jB.<br />

nZr/ fdZsk Fpd thuko'l<br />

3


okwebh wL ‡ (gzBk LŠ‹ˆ)<br />

ekoB eoB eohw.. ;op gqfsgkb ojhw..<br />

nbj nby ngko.. y[fd y[dkfJ tv p/;[wko..ƒ..<br />

U[A Bw'A Grtzs r[;kJh.. ykbe[ oft ofjnk ;op mkJh..ƒ..ojkT[..<br />

irzBkE irihtB wkX'.. GT[ GziB fod wkfj nokX'..<br />

foyhe/; r'gkb r'[ftzd.. g{oB ;opsq w[ezd..„..<br />

fwjotkB wT[bk s{jh J/e.. gho g?eKpo ;/y..<br />

fdbk ek wkbe[ eo/ jke[.. e[okB es/p s/ gke[..…..<br />

BkokfJD Bojo dfJnkb.. ows okw xN xN nkXko..<br />

pk;[d/t p;s ;G mkfJ.. bhbk feS[ byh B ikfJ..†..<br />

fwjo dfJnk efo eoB?jko.. Grfs pzdrh d/fj f;oiDjko..<br />

ej[ BkBe r[fo y'J/ Gow.. J/e' nbj[ gkopqjw..‡..<br />

rZb sK Gow ysw eoB dh j?, Gkt/A pkDh d/ wkfXnw d[nkok wzB bt' s/ iK<br />

c/o bzp/ ;w/A d/ s}op/ s'A fgZS'A ftfrnkBe Yzr sohfenK okjhA y'i bt', f;ZNk fJjh<br />

fBeb/rk fe ;koh f;qFfN dk eosk fJe nekbg[oy j?. T[j nkgDh p/nzs e[dos<br />

ftZu t;dk j?, T[; dh fJjh ftF/Fsk w'j b?D tkbh j?l<br />

eos/ e[dosh w[;ske[..<br />

dhB d[Bhnk J/e s{jh ;G ybe jh s/ gke[.. ojkT[..<br />

fyB wkfj Ekfg T[Ekgdk nkuoi s/o/ o{g..<br />

eT[D[ ikD? ubs s/o/ nzfXnko/ wfj dhg..ƒ..<br />

y[fd y;w ybe ijkB nbj fwjotkB y[dkfJ..<br />

fdB;[ o?fB fi s[X[ nokX/ ;' feT[ d'ife ikfJ..„..(fsbzr wL ‡, ‰„†)<br />

T[j @oZp# nyzfvs s/ Gog{o j?, i' ;ko/ pqfjwzv dh EoEokjN s/ i[Z;k j? s/<br />

fJ; ftubh rshFhbsk th nkg j?, T[; dk ;zg{oB nB[wkB ;zGt BjhA.<br />

nfpBk;h Bkjh feS[ yzv.. XkoD Xkfo ofjU pqjwzv..<br />

nby nG/t g[oy goskg.. nkfg igkJ/ s BkBe ikg..ˆ.. (;[ywBh)<br />

fJFN d/ ;o{g ;zpzXh pkDh dk ftFb/FD, ;'fXnk j'fJnk s/ y'is sZE j?, fJ;<br />

rZb B{z tuBpZX ehsk frnk j?l<br />

;'Xs ;'Xs ;'Xs ;hfMnk.. r[o gq;kfd ss[ ;G[ p{fMnk..<br />

ip d/yT[ sp ;G[ feS[ w{b[.. BkBe ;' ;{yw[ ;'Jh n;E{b[..‡..<br />

ftfrnkB B/ pqfjwzvh y'i ftZu'A fJe' f;ZNk eZfYnk j? fe fJj fJe fJekJh j?<br />

s/ fJ; d/ ftZu g;o/ j'J/ rshFhb s/ ;zt/dBFhb u/szB f;;Nw nzrK ftZu fJe<br />

f;b;bk j?. pkDh d/ ftFtk;h ftnesh B{z ftFt$pqfjwzvh fdqFNh XkoB eoB<br />

ftZu e'Jh fMie iK ;wZf;nk BjhA j?.<br />

2H f;qFNh dh T[sgsh l<br />

;zpzXs j?l<br />

i{B 2006<br />

;[ywBh ;kfjp dh ƒ‚thA nFNgdh e[dos dh ouBk s/ ftFkbsk Bkb<br />

;b'e .. T[;sfs eofj nB/e iB<br />

nzs[ B gkoktko[..<br />

BkBe ouBk gqfG ouh<br />

pj[ fpfX nfBe gqeko..ƒ..<br />

r[o{ ih dh pkDh ftZu f;qFNh dh T[sgsh<br />

;zpzXh fJFko/ EK g[o EK p[D/ sD/ j'J/ jB s/ fJj rZb<br />

;kc j' iKdh j? fe f;qFNh ouBk B{z f;oiDjko oZp<br />

B/ nkgDh ngko ebkswe ;woZEk d/ ;dek<br />

;kfink j?, @@eoD ekoD J/e[ Ujh fifB ehnk<br />

nkeko[..## (f;oh okr wL ‡, gzBk L ‡ƒ)<br />

@@r[opkDh ns/ ftfrnkB## g[;se ftZu<br />

gq'L sob'uB f;zx, gfNnkbk B/ G"fse ftfrnkB<br />

dhnK bGsK B{z r[opkDh d/ nB[;ko dZf;nk j? s/<br />

fJj jtkb/ fdZs/ jBl<br />

;or[B fBor[B fBozeko<br />

;[zB ;wkXh nkfg..<br />

nkgB ehnk BkBek nkg/ jh fcfo ikfg..<br />

Gkt o{g-ofjs, p/nzs, y[d jh ;pzfXs ns/<br />

n;pzfXs j?. T[j nkg jh nc[o (ftukoK ofjs)<br />

;wkXh nzdo j?. p/nzs, nkgDh fBi dh ouBk<br />

okjhA, nkgD/ nkg dh nokXBk eodk j?. T[; B/<br />

ebk Xko e/ ;koh f;qFNh ~ jh w'j oZfynk j?.<br />

@@fBor[D s'A jh ;or[D dh ouBk j?, r[gs<br />

s'A jh gqrN j[zdk j?l ;{yw s'A n;E{b ftZu pdbkt<br />

dk f;XKs r[o{ rzqE ;kfjp ftZu do} j?.<br />

nkfJB;NkJhB B/ s}ofpnK d/ nXko #s/ fJ;/ jh<br />

f;XKs B{z fj;kp d/ ckow{fbnK okjhA b'eK nZr/ g/F<br />

2<br />

ehsk, T[j ckow{bk j? E=MC Gkt fe fizBh th<br />

T[sgsh j'Jh j?, T[j ;koh Fesh s'A j? s/ Fesh<br />

r[gs j?.##(r[opkDh s/ ftfrnkB gzBk L „ˆ)<br />

eJh e'fN nek; pqjwzv.. („‰ˆ, wL ‡)<br />

eJh e'fN ;;hno ;{o ByQsq..(„‰‡, wL ‡)<br />

;rb i'fB wfj s{ f;fo Xfonk.HHHHH Xfonk.HHHHHAnd<br />

Placed thee over the head of all the<br />

species (wL ‡, ‹ƒ…)<br />

;edk j?.<br />

HHHHs/ fJ; gZy ~ j'o ft;Eko fdZsk ik<br />

4


3H ftfGzB Xkofwe fB;funK B{z wkBskl<br />

r[o{ noiB d/t ih B/ r[o{ rzqE ;kfjp dh nkfd phV pzBD bZfrnK pV/<br />

;[u/s o{g ftZu fJj fBoDk fbnk ;h fe oZp dh fJ; f;qFNh nzdo nB/e fB;u/ s/<br />

ftFtk; jB. T[BQK ;GBK dh j'Ad B{z ;theko eo b?Dk jh ;Zuk Xow j?. fJj rZb<br />

nZv j? fe T[j ftFtk; eoB tkbk ftnesh, Xow frnkB dh fejVh nt;Ek B{z<br />

gj[zfunk j?, go T[; ~ oZp dh ekfJBks dk s/ ;wkfie gqDkbh dk jZedko nzr<br />

wzfBnk frnk j?.<br />

f;oh okr wjbk ‡, xo[ ‡..<br />

ikBT[ Bjh Gkt? etB pksk.. wB y'fi wkor[..ƒ..ojkT[.. fXnkBh fXnkB[<br />

bktfj.. frnkBh frnkB[ ewktfj.. gqG[ feB jh iksk..ƒ.. GrT[sh ojs<br />

i[rsk.. i'rh ejs w[esk.. sg;h sgfj oksk..„.. w'Bh w'fBXkoh.. ;fBnk;h<br />

pqjwukoh.. T[dk;h T[dkf; oksk..….. Grfs Bt? goekok.. gzfvs[ t/d[ g[ekok..<br />

fro;sh fro;fs Xowksk..†.. fJe ;pdh pj[ o{fg ntX{sk.. ekgVh eT[s/<br />

ikr{sk.. fJfe shofE Bksk..‡.. fBojko tosh nkgo;k.. fJfe b{fe B d/tfj<br />

do;k.. fJfe wB jh frnksk..ˆ.. xkfN B feB jh ejkfJnk.. ;G ejs/ j?<br />

gkfJnk.. fi;[ w/b/ ;' Grsk..‰.. ;rb T[efs T[gktk.. fsnkrh ;ofB gktk..<br />

BkBe[ r[o uofD goksk..Š..„..„‰..<br />

pkojwkjk wkM wL ‡<br />

ftZu @@ftnkge o{jkBhns## dh Mbe j?. ftFt Go #u'A<br />

e'Jh th Xkofwe ftnesh fJe T[;ko{ s/ T[dko y[Fjkb nfXnkswe ihtB<br />

fdqFNh XkoB eoe/, ;[oyo{ j'fJnk dZf;nk frnk j?, f;Zy d/ bJh sK fJj ftF/F<br />

ftok;sh ihtB Xkok j?l<br />

fifB fifB Bkw[ fXnkfJnk fsB e/ eki ;o/..<br />

jfo r[o[ g{ok nkokfXnk dorj ;fu yo/..<br />

;op ;[yk fBfX uoD jfo GT[ib[ fpyw[ so/..<br />

gq/w Grfs fsB gkJhnk fpfynk Bkfj io/.<br />

i{B 2006<br />

e{V rJ/ d[fpXk B;h g{oB ;fu Go/..<br />

gkopqjw gqG[ ;/td/ wB nzdfo J/e[ Xo/..<br />

wkj fdt; w{os Gb/ fi; eT[ Bdfo eo/..<br />

BkBe[ wzr? do; dkB[<br />

feogk eoj[ jo/..ƒ†.ƒ..<br />

J/E/ @@fi; fi; wB[Zy## dh rZb j? s/ fJ; dh<br />

ftFt ftnkgh nwbh gqfeosh ;kv/ bJh<br />

r"otFkbh j?. @@gq/w Grfs## B{z XkoB eoB tkb/<br />

gqtkB jB, @@Jhoyk Grsh## B{z fBtkoBk j?.<br />

@@fpfynk Bkfj io/## dh efbnkDekoh i[rsh th<br />

;[MkJh rJh j?. fJj Universal spiritualism j?.<br />

r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh pj[w[yh Xow<br />

fB;funK B{z ebkt/ ftZu b?D dh gj[zu, o{jkBh<br />

wB[ZyK B{z w'j b?D tkbh j?. Xkofwe y/so ftZu fJj<br />

fJe db/okBk s/ T[dkotkdh edw j? s/ j/mK fdZsk<br />

Fpd, f;ZyK d/ bJh fJFN dh j?;hns tkbk j?l<br />

okwebh wL ‡.<br />

e'Jh p'b? okw okw e'Jh y[dkfJ..<br />

e'Jh ;/t? r[;Jhnk e'Jh nbkfj..ƒ..<br />

ekoD eoD eohw..<br />

feogk Xkfo ojhw..ƒ..ojkT[..<br />

e'Jh Bkt? shofE e'Jh ji ikfJ..<br />

e'Jh eo? g{ik e'Jh f;o[ fBtkfJ..„..<br />

e'Jh gV? p/d e'Jh es/p..<br />

e'Jh UY? Bhb e'Jh ;[g/d..…..<br />

e'Jh ej? s[oe[ e'Jh ej? fjzd{..<br />

e'Jh pkS? fG;s[ e'Jh ;[ofrzd[..†..<br />

ej[ BkBe fifB j[ew[ gSksk..<br />

gqG ;kfjp ek fsfB G/d[ iksk..‡..‹..<br />

(gzBk L ŠŠ‡)<br />

(ji=eknp/ dk doFB, fG;s=pfjFs,<br />

;[ofrzd{ L fJzdo d/ts/ dk ;Por)<br />

nZi dk ;z;ko, T[go'es gj[zu s'A fpBK,<br />

;dhth FKsh ns/ gq;go ;fjj'Ad d/ T[d/FK B{z g{ok<br />

BjhA eo ;edk.<br />

MrfVnK B{z fBgNkT[D dh gqfefonk ftu'A<br />

bzxd/ j'J/, gjz[u (Approach) ns/ fdqFNh<br />

5


(Vision), dk ;opZstkdh j'Dk nsh }o{oh j?. nZi d[BhnK d/ w[Zy MrV/, nfijh<br />

fdqFNh dh xkN u'A jh iBw/ jB. ftFt ;oeko pDB bJh nfijh ;'u dk j'Dk jh<br />

nfBtkoh j?.<br />

4H GkJhukoe ;KMHHHHHHHHwkBth J/esk$fJe;[osk l<br />

r[o{ noiB d/t ih B/ FkFeK dh Xkofwe eZNVsk ns/ T[Zu iks<br />

nfGwkBhnK dh jzekoh fposh d/ py/V/ nZyhA d/y/ ;B. T[BQK B/ fJBQK dk tesh jZb<br />

eoB dh Ekt/A ftukoXkoe ;szG T[;ko/ fiBQK d/ nXko #s/ nkT[Ad/ :[ZrK sheo,<br />

GkJhukoe ;KMK pBkT[D bJh fBFuk, g/qoBk, T[gd/F ns/ ;/X gqkgs j[zd/ ofjDr/.<br />

;qh jfowzdo ;kfjp dh BhAj @;KJh whnK who# gk;'A oZy/ ikD dh f;Zy fJfsjk;e<br />

ohs, nkgD/ nkg ftZu p/fw;kb j?, ftF/Feo Ud'A id'A B\os dh }'odko jB/oh<br />

M[Zb ojh j't/. r[o{ rzqE ;kfjp ftZu ;G iksK, EktK d/ GrsK dh pkDh B{z Fkwb<br />

eoBk, ;KMhtkbsk dk g?rzpo gqrN eoBk jh ;h.<br />

r[opkDh d/ e[M jtkb/ pV/ jh gq;zfre jBl<br />

okr wkM wL ‡..HHHHHs{z ;kMk ;kfjp[ pkg[ jwkok.. BT[ fBfX s/o? ny[N<br />

Gzvkok..HHHH;G[ e' nk;? s/oh p?mk.. xN xN nzsfo s{zj? t[mk.. ;G/ ;kMhtkb<br />

;dkfJfB s{z fe;? B fd;fj pkjok ihT[..….. (gzBk L ‹‰)<br />

pqfjwzvh ;'u XkoB eoB tkb/ ftneshnK B{z @@;G/ ;kMhtkb ;dkfJfB##<br />

dk fB;uk oZy e/ jh s[oBk gt/rk. okw oki, Kingdom of God on Earth,<br />

Communism, ykb;k oki, p/rawg[ok nkfd d/ nkdoF, wkBth fJe;[osk s'A<br />

fpBK ;zGt BjhA. r[o{ noiB d/t ih nfij/ nkdoF B{z nwbh ikwk gfjBkT[D<br />

bJh ftuko-wzvb f;oid/ jBl j[fD j[ew[ j'nk fwjotkD dk.. g? e'fJ B fe;?<br />

oRkDdk.. ;G ;[ykbh t[mhnk fJj[ j'nk jb/wh oki[ ihT[..ƒ…..<br />

r[o{ noiB d/t ih, ;z;ko d/ fJfsjk; dh n?;h wjK wjK r[o{ F];hns jB<br />

fiBQK d/ T[geko ns/ T[gd/F, pqfjwzvh wkBt ;wki f;oiD bJh nkdoFe jB.<br />

nkg dk XBk;oh okr dk fJj Fpd ;KMhtkbsk dk ;Zu ;w'Jh p?mk j?l<br />

efo feogk dhU w'fj Bkwk pzXB s/ S[NekJ/..<br />

wB s/ fp;foU ;rb' XzXk r[o eh uoDh bkJ/..ƒ..<br />

;kX;zfr fuzs fpokBh Skvh..<br />

njzp[fX w'j wB pk;B d/ efo rvjk rkvh..ƒ..ojkT[..<br />

Bk e' w/ok d[;wB[ ofjnk Bk jw fe; e/ p?okJh..<br />

pqjw[ g;ko[ g;kfoU Ghsfo ;fsr[o s/ ;'Mh gkJh..„..<br />

;G[ e' whs[ jw nkgB ehBk jw ;GBk e/ ;kiB..<br />

d{fo gokfJU wB ek fpojk sk w/b[ ehU w/o? okiB..….<br />

fpBf;U Yhmk nzfwqs[ t{mk ;pd[ br' r[o whmk..<br />

ifb Efb wjhnfb ;op fBtk;h BkBe owJhnk vhmk..†.. (gzBk L ˆ‰ƒ)<br />

5H ihtB i[rfs l<br />

ftFt ftZu fte;s d/FK d/ ihtB Yzr B{z ngBkT[D dh j'V bZrh j?.<br />

ftek;Fhb d/FK ftZu oitkVkFkjh ihtB YzrK B{z XkoB eoB dh bkb;k ysw<br />

i{B 2006<br />

BjhA j' ojh. gzuw gksFkj B/ fJ; ;zpzXh ;/X fdZsh<br />

j?l tv/ tv/ okiB no[ G{wB sk eh fsq;B B<br />

p{Mh..HHHHH(gzBk L ˆ‰„) j'o th eJh Fpd fJ;<br />

gq;zr d/ jB.<br />

6H ;qh r[o{ rzqE ;kfjp ftZu okrK dh<br />

wjZstg{oB G{fwek ftFt ;fGnsk dk ;'jiwJh<br />

y}kBk j?. ;zrhse o{jkBh tksktoD, e[dos dk<br />

nN[ZN nzr j?. f;ZyK dh fJj f}zw/tkoh j? fe T[j<br />

r[opkDh ftZu fBoXkos ehs/ okrpZX rkfJD<br />

Bkb, wkBtsk B{z ;oFko eoB bJh fdB oks<br />

fwjBs eoB.<br />

7H ;qh r[o{ rzqE ;kfjp ftZu brGr 64<br />

GkFkJh o{gK dk toDB j?. ftdtkBK B/ fJ; ;zpzXh<br />

ft;fsqs y'i ekoi ehs/ jB. ;kohnK GkFktK B{z<br />

ngBkT[D dh ohs, Gkos tor/ w[be bJh<br />

T[dkotkdh j? s/ wkBttkdh th.<br />

8H soBskoB ;kfjp fty/ fgzrbkxo dh<br />

;EkgBk, bkj"o Ffjo ftZu c?bh u/ue dh fpwkoh<br />

t/b/, jfowzdo ;kfjp dk uVQktk T[E/ G/iDk, ;wki<br />

GbkJh d/ ekoi y[ZbQ/ fdb Bkb eoB/, r[o{ noiB<br />

d/t ih d/ tb'A ftFt d/ bJh F[G ;zd/F jB fe<br />

ybes dh ;/tk jh ykbe dh ;/tk j?.<br />

r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh Fjkds dh u"Eh<br />

Fskpdh wBkT[Ad/ j'J/ r[opkDh d/ ftFtk; B{z<br />

@@ftFt-nk;## d/ o{g ftZu T[ikro eoBk, d/F,<br />

gzikp ns/ ;z;ko Go d/ f;ZyK ns/ r[opkDh gq/whnK<br />

dk w[Zy eost j?.<br />

;[ywBh ;kfjp<br />

-pbftzdogkb f;zx<br />

;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh ;G s'A gqf;ZX ouBk<br />

;[ywBh ;kfjp j?, i' ;zws 1656 (1599 JhL) ftZu<br />

T[jBK B/ ;qh nzfwqs;o ftZu okw;o d/ ezY/ #s/ p?m e/<br />

T[ukoB ehsh ;h. fJ; ;koh ouBk ftZu i' ;obsk s/<br />

;[nkd j?, i' ozrB s/ okr j?, i' T[Zuk s/ ;[Zuk T[gd/F<br />

j?, T[; B{z uzrh soQK T[j jh nB[Gt eo ;ed/ jB,<br />

fiBQK B/ fJ; pkDh dk gkm fJekro fuZs j' e/ ehsk<br />

iK ;[fDnk j?. ;[ywBh tkeJh fJe wDh j?, fi; B{z<br />

fizBh tko gVQhJ/ BthA ;[zdosk dh Mbe gA?dh j?.<br />

FkfJd fJj' jh ekoB j? fe f;zXhnK d/ gqf;ZX Xkofwe<br />

;kX{ T.L.Wiswani ih nkgD/ tf]nkBK ftZu fJ; B{z<br />

o/vhnw p[Ze (Radium Book) fejk eod/ ;B.<br />

6


fgqzL okw f;zx*<br />

@j'Djko fpotk e/ fueB/ fueB/ gks# fJZe<br />

gotkfBs ns/ gqwkfDs ;ZukJh j?. pkbe<br />

noiB ni/ foVQB jh ikDd/ ;B fe BkBk nwodk; ih d/ f;zxk;D d/<br />

gkt/ B{z ik jZE gkfJnk. ;fsr[oK d/ w[ykopzd #u'A ;[Gkfte jh pyfFF d/<br />

nrzwh c[owkB tfj s[o/HHHHH. nkg ih B/ BzBQ/ pkb ~ d'fjsk pkDh ek<br />

p'fjEk dk todkB d/ e/ fBtkfink.<br />

r[o{ nwodk; ih B/ r[orZdh gqkgs eoB sZe i' ;/tk d/ eow<br />

d{;o/ gksFkj dh j}{oh #u ehs/ T[BQK dh fw;kb ;z;ko #u feXo/ BjhA<br />

fwbdh. nZr'A T[BQK d/ tkfo;K ~ th eoVh sgZf;nk ftu'A r[}oBk fgnk.<br />

GkJh i/mk ih B/ d[BhnK dh b'e-bZfink ~ bKG/ eofdnK @w[odk j'J/<br />

w[ohd# dh nt;Ek ~ nwbh-ikwk gfjBkfJnk. pkb noiB dh gkbDk g'FDk fi;<br />

wkj"b #u j'Jh T[j ;/tk ns/ e[opkBh Bkb Us-g's ;h. sh;o/ gksFkj dk d'fjsk, u"E/<br />

gksFkj dk bkvbk ;g[Zso ns/ GkBh ih dh r'd dk bkb ;z;ko ftZu @gosyQ jfo# d/ o{g<br />

#u T[Gfonk ns/ uwfenk.<br />

@pkDh r[o{ r[o{ j? pkDh# d/ ;zebg B{z noiB d/t ih B/ pk-y{ph nZr/ s'fonk.<br />

gfjb/ r[o{ ;kfjpkB dh pkDh fJeZso eoe/ nkgD/ tZb'A th u'yk :'rdkB gkfJnk. fJ;<br />

s'A fJbktk T[Zu e'Nh d/ GrsK ns/ gj[zu/ j'J/ ghoK-cehoK d/ nBw'b puBK B{z th goy<br />

y}kB/ gkfJnk ns/ fJ; soQK pkDh dh ;zGkb eoe/ nkfd rzqE dh f;oiDk ns/ ;zgkdBk<br />

dk F[G ekoi e[Fbsk g{ote nozG ehsk. r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh ;zgkdB ebk pko/<br />

ftuko tZyo/ b/y ftZu ;KM/ ehs/ ikDr/. fJ; b/y ftZu e/tb T[BQK okjhA ouh pkDh dk jh<br />

f}eo ehsk ikt/rk.<br />

;zy/g o{g ftZu r[o{ noiB gksFkj ih dh ouh pkDh dk t/otk fJ; soQK j? L<br />

(1) gjo/ (2) pkokj wkj (3) fdB o?fD<br />

(4) pktB nyoh (5) ;[ywBh ;kfjp (6) fEsh<br />

(7) fpojV/ (8) nzi[bhnk (9) ;'bj/<br />

(10) ;b'e ;j;feqsh (11)rkEk (12)uT[p'b/<br />

(14) tkoK L e[b pkJh tkoK u'A S/ gzuw gksFkj B/ ouhnK.<br />

1H rT[Vh eh tko 2H r{ioh 3H i?s;oh 4H okwebh 5H wko{ 6H p;zs<br />

r[o{ noiB d/t ih 1581 s'A 1606 JhL sZe r[orZdh #s/ fpokiwkB oj/. r[o{<br />

;kfjpkB B/ oZph ;zd/F B{z nkw b'eK sZe gj[zukT[D fjZs tkose Bkb'A ekfte nzdk} B{z<br />

soihj fdZsh. ekft o{gK ftZu g/F ehs/ ftukoK dk wB[Zyh fjod/ #s/ f;ZXk ns/ rfjok<br />

gqGkt g?Adk j?. fJ;/ bJh gzuw gksFkj B/ nB/e ekft-o{gK ns/ tzBrhnK B{z nkgD/<br />

fynkbK bJh wkfXnw ti'A u[fDnk.<br />

i{B 2006<br />

*uh\ nkor/BkJh}o, r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ;NZvh ;oeb<br />

r[o{ rzqE ;kfjp ftZu nkg ih d/<br />

2218 Fpd doi jB. neko gZy'A nkg ih dh<br />

pkDh pkeh ;ko/ pkDhekoK Bkb'A tX/o/ j?. ftF/<br />

t;s{ dh u'D pko/ sK e[M efjDk r[;skyh jh<br />

j't/rh feT[Afe oZph d{s jw/FK oZph fwFB dh<br />

rZb jh eod/ jB ns/ e'Jh th ftFk T[BQK d/<br />

nfXeko y/so s'A pkjo BjhA j[zdk.<br />

fBGkn d/ gZy'A th r[o{ ih dh w[jkos<br />

ewkb dh j?. u'Nh d/ ftdtkB w{zj #u T[ArbK<br />

b?D bJh w}p{o j' iKd/ jB. nkg okr<br />

ftfdnk ftZu th pj[s gophB ;B. pqjw<br />

frnkB B{z wB[Zyh wB dh geV ftZu fbnk<br />

;eD bJh T[BQK tb'A tos/ Yzr sohfenK dh<br />

fisBh th gq;z;k ehsh ikt/, E'VQh j?.<br />

nkg ih B/ 30 okrK ftZu pkDh ouh.<br />

okr ftfdnk #u wkfjo ehosB eoB<br />

tkfbnK dk T[sFkj th tXkfJnk ns/ T[BQK B{z<br />

jzekoh pDB s'A o'eD bJh nzeF th bkJh<br />

oZfynk. fiZE/ T[BQK fBoXkfos okrK #u<br />

ehosB eoB tkfbnK dh y[bQ e/ j"A;bk<br />

n\}kJh ehsh, T[E/ nkw FoXkb{nK B{z th<br />

y[d ehosB bJh gq/oDk ns/ jZbk-F/oh d/ Bkb<br />

Bkb nFhotkd th fdZsk.<br />

7


Fq'<br />

������������<br />

Fskpdh ;wkrwK dh bVh<br />

Fq'wDh r[od[nkok gqpzXe ew/Nh, ;qh nzfwqs;o d/ gqXkB iE/dko ntsko f;zx<br />

j[oK fJe G/AN ftZu dZf;nk fe FskpdhnK dk ;wK ;kv/ ihtB ftZu nkfJnk j?, n;hA tZv/<br />

GkrK tkb/ jK fe fJfsjk;e gzEe ;wkrwK ftZu Fkwb j' ;e/ jK. Fq'wDh ew/Nh tb'A ehs/<br />

ikD tkb/, @@u"Eh Fjhdh Fskpdh-r[o{ noiB d/t ih## d/ ;wkrwK pko/ T[BQK ft;fsqs<br />

ikDekoh fdZsh. e/Adoh s"o #s/ ;qh soBskoB ;kfjp fty/ j'D tkb/ ;wkrwK ftZu ehosB<br />

dopko, Ykvh s/ eth dopko, ;?whBko, Bro ehosB, w[Zy ;wkrw nkfd pko/ wkfjo<br />

;ZiDK dhnK ftfGzB ew/NhnK pDk fdZshnK rJhnK jB. ;?whBko ew/Nh tb'A th tZy-tZy<br />

FfjoK ftZu tZv/ ;?whBkoK dk nk:'iB ehsk ik fojk j?. v/jok ;kfjp bkj"o fty/ ik e/<br />

Fjhdh g[op wBkT[D bJh 10,000 th}/ gqkgs eoB bJh T[gokb/ j' oj/ jB.<br />

��������������������������<br />

�����������������<br />

�������������������������<br />

����������������������������<br />

��������������������<br />

ft<br />

ftd/FK ftZu Gog{o ;wkrw<br />

ftd/FK ftZu jo d/F s/ Ffjo ftZu th Fskpdh ;wko'j j[zd/ jB. jo r[od[nkok<br />

ew/Nh s/ ;[;kfJNh ~ ukjhdk j? fe T[j nkgD/ ;wkrw dhnK fog'oNK, c'N'nK ;fjs, gzikp<br />

d/ w[Zy n]pkoK s/ Fq'wDh ew/Nh B{z }o{o G/iD sK i' fJBQK d/ nXko #s/ ftFt fog'oN Sg<br />

;e/. fJ; ;kb ft;kyh d/ ;wkrwK dhnK fog'oNK nihs o'}kBk ftZu c'N'nK ;fjs SghnK<br />

jB fiBQK s'A brdk j? fe f;Zy fto;/ dh ;[Zusk s/ T[Zusk, ihtB B{z fJe Ezw-Fesh d/D d/<br />

g{oB ;woE j?.<br />

i{B 2006<br />

��������������������������<br />

������������������������<br />

��������������������������<br />

���������������������<br />

���������������������<br />

UXo fdZbh f;Zy r[od[nkok gqpzXe<br />

ew/Nh tb'A th Fskpdh wBkT[D bJh T[gokb/<br />

ikoh jB. fdZbh fty/ e"wKsoh gZXo dk ;?whBko,<br />

bkj"o fty/ e"wKsoh ;wkrw eoB ns/ d/F d/<br />

j'o GkrK ftZu Fjhdh ;wkrw eoB bJh<br />

;qL wBihs f;zx ebeZsk, w[yh ftFt f;Zy<br />

fwFB dh d/y o/y j/mK, fdZbh ew/Nh d/ gqXkB<br />

;qL joftzdo f;zx ;oBk tb'A :'iBk fsnko<br />

eotkJh rJh j?.<br />

b[fXnkD/ d/ r[od[nkok d{y fBtkoB<br />

;kfjp s'A pV/ Gkoh FoXkwJh ;wkrw, gqXkB<br />

;qL fgqsgkb f;zx ih w[y ;/tkdko d/ nzsors<br />

j' oj/ jB i' Fskpdh d/ w[[Zy ;wkrwK Bkb ob<br />

ikDr/. y/soh s/ e"wKsoh whvhnk s'A th<br />

;wkrwK dk Bkb' Bkb gq;koD ehsk iKdk j?.<br />

r[od[nkok ;qh ebrhXo f;zx ;Gk tb'A th<br />

Fskpdh ;wkrwK dk nk:'iB j[zdk nk fojk j? s/<br />

fJe j'o u?Bb #s/ gq;koD th j' fojk j?.<br />

;qL i;pho f;zx ykb;k yzB/ tkfbnK B/<br />

;[jkDk w[y ;EkB s'A eJh ;wkrw s'o oZy/ jB.<br />

fgSb/ fdBhA ibzXo fty/ ikrosh wkou th<br />

nk:'is ehsk frnk sK i' r[o{ FoXk d/ Bkb-<br />

Bkb ;wkfie ikfrqsh th j' ;e/. ;qh ;[ywBh<br />

;kfjp d/ ezm w[ekpb/ tZvh gXo #s/ eoB bJh,<br />

;NZvh ;oeb d/ fvgNh uh\ nkor/BkJh}o ;qL<br />

;opihs f;zx j[oK dh nrtkJh ftZu, r[o{<br />

BkBe d/t NoZ;N, :{He/H d/ ;z:'iB Bkb<br />

T[gokb/ j' oj/ jB. ;NZvh ;oeb tZb'A jo<br />

Fskpdh ~ :'iBkpZX Yzr Bkb wBkT[D dh<br />

otkfJs gkbd/ j'J/, fJ; Fskpdh ftZu th 28<br />

wJh ~ b[fXnkD/ s'A ;qh nekb s]s ;kfjp sZe<br />

w'No;kJheb :ksok dk nk:'iB ehsk frnk<br />

j?. fJ; Bkb ftFtk; j? fe fJe j[bkok fwb/rk<br />

B"itkB tor ~, nkgD/ fto;/ Bkb i[VD dk.<br />

;NZvh ;oeb tb'A Fjhdh, FKsh, ;/tk, ftFt<br />

GkJhukok nkfd ftfFnK pko/ d/F-ftd/F ftZu<br />

;?whBkoK dh bVh th ubkJh rJh j? i' ;kok ;kb<br />

ikoh oj/rh. fJBQK ftZu gVQ/ rJ/ g/goK B{z, r'FNh<br />

s/ ;[XkJh T[gozs g[;se o{g ftZu gqekFs ehsk<br />

ikJ/rk.<br />

8


vkH joh f;zx ikue*<br />

;qh r[o{ BkBe d/t ih B/ ;z;ko d/ BeF/ s/ f;Zy Xow dk fijVk p{Nk brkfJnk T[j<br />

gzuw gksFkj ;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih wjkoki ;w/A cZfbnk c[Zfbnk. FjhdK d/ f;oski,<br />

FKsh d/ g[zi ;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih wjkoki dk iBw r[o{ okwdk; ih d/ rqfj fty/ wksk<br />

GkBh ih dh e[Zy'A 15 ng?qb 1563 JhL B{z r'fJzdtkb ;kfjp fty/ j'fJnk. pkpk fgqEh uzd s/<br />

wjKd/t ih nkg d/ tZv/ Goksk ;B. r[o{ nwodk; ih dh gktB r'd dk nBzd wkfDnk.<br />

nkg F[[o{ s'A jh Grsh Gkt tkb/ ns/ fBwo ;[Gk d/ wkbe ;B. r'fJzdtkb fty/ jh w[ZYbh<br />

ftfdnk gqkgs ehsh ns/ nfXnkswe r[DK d/ Gzvko j'D ekoD r[orZdh #s/ fpokiwkB<br />

j'J/ . r[opkDh okjhA sgfdnK fjofdnK ~ FKs eoBk F[o{ ehsk. r[o{ e/ uZe fty/ nzfwqs<br />

;o'to d/ ftueko jfowzdo ;kfjp ;Ekgs ehsk ns/ soBskoB s/ eoskog[o nkfde<br />

Ffjo th t;kJ/.<br />

nkfd rzqqE dk ;zebB 1604 JhL ftZu ;zg{oB ehsk ns/ ;qh jfowzdo ;kfjp fty/ fJ;<br />

dk gfjbk gqekF j'fJnk.<br />

;kfjpK dh gktB Fjkds d/ nB/e ekoBK pko/ ftdtkBK dh tZy-tZy okfJ j?. fco<br />

th dhtkB uzd{ dh Xh dk foFsk w'VBk, BeFpzdhnK dh eZNVtkdh ;'u s/ y[;o' dh wdd<br />

eoB dk d'F w[Zy ekoD wzB/ rJ/ jB. fJjBK ns/ j'o M{m/ fJbikwK ~ ;[D ;[D e/ ijKrho<br />

B/ r[o{ noiB d/t ih ~ Fjhd eoB dk j[ew ;[DkfJnk. r[o{ ih ~ sZsh sth s/ fpmk e/<br />

;h; ftZu sZsh o/s gkJh rJh. T[pbd/ gkDh ftZu nkb{ tKr T[pkfbnk frnk ns/ fJ; soQK<br />

n;fj s/ nefj eFN s/ s;hj/ d/ e/ bkj"o fty/ Fjhd eo fdZsk frnk.<br />

Fq'wDh r[od[nkok gqpzXe ew/Nh tb'A 14 i{B s'A 16 i{B sZe ;kfjpK dh u"Eh Fjhdh<br />

Fskpdh gzEe gZXo #s/ wBkJh ik ojh j?, fi; ftZu 15-6-2006 oks B{z 12 ti/ s'A 16-6-<br />

2006 ;t/o/ 4 ti/ sZe fJZe @wjkB gzEe eth dopko# eotkfJnk ik fojk j?. fJ; d/ ;w[Zu/<br />

gqpzX dh ;/tk r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ;NZvh ;oeb B{z ;"Agh rJh j? ns/ wkfJe ;fj:'r ;?Au{ohnB<br />

p?Ae nk\ gzikp tb'A fdZsk ik fojk j?. ;N/i #s/ Fq'wDh ew/Nh d/ w[Zyh nkr{nK s'A fJbktk<br />

;A?u{ohnB pA?e nk\ gzikp d/ n?r}hfeT{fNt vkfJo?eNo ;qL s/ipho f;zx g{oh Nhw ;w/s<br />

i{B 2006<br />

Fjhdh ;wkrwK w"e/ soB skoB ;kfjp fty/ * vpb n?w J/, gh n?uH vhH r'bv w?vfb;N<br />

ns/ r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ;NZvh ;oeb d/ ;w{j<br />

nkr{ ;kfjpkB fgqz;hgb okw f;zx uh\<br />

nkor/BkJh}o s/ vkL uoB ewb f;zx<br />

uh\ ;eZso j'oK dh nrtkJh ftZu ;zrsK<br />

d/ doFB eoBr/.fJ; eth dopko ftZu<br />

j/m fby/ T[u e'Nh d/ gzEe eth ;kfjpkB<br />

Fkwb j' oj/ jB L<br />

eBthBo eth dopko, w?Apo ;[gohw e"A;b,<br />

r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ;NZvh ;oeb<br />

1432 ;?eNo 35-ph, uzvhrVQ<br />

98722-05910<br />

����������������������������<br />

��������������������������������<br />

�����������������������������<br />

���������������������������<br />

������������������������������������<br />

����������������������������<br />

��������������������������<br />

�������������������������������<br />

������������������������������<br />

�����������������������������������<br />

���������������������������<br />

������������������������������<br />

����������������������������<br />

���������������������������<br />

����������������������������<br />

;w{zj ;zrsK ns/ ;NZvh ;oeb d/<br />

;w{zj e/vo B{z p/Bsh j? fe ;ko/ ;wkrwK<br />

ftZu Gog{o Fw{bhns ehsh ikt/ ns/ yk;<br />

s"o #s/ eth dopko ftZu uVQdh ebk Bkb<br />

jk}ohnK GohnK ikD.<br />

�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������<br />

�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������<br />

������������������������� ����������������������������� ���������<br />

����������������������� ����������������������������� ���������<br />

��������������������� ������������������������������ ���������<br />

����������������� ����������������������������� ���������<br />

����������������������� ������������������������������ ���������<br />

9


2006 FjhdK d/ f;oski gzuw gksFkj ;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh<br />

u"Eh Fskpdh dk toQk j?. BkFwkB ekb ftZu ftuod/ w/o/ fij/ pzd/ B{z fJj ;'u e/ nihp fijk<br />

ft;wkdh nfj;k; j[zdk j? fe gzuw gksFkj nZi s'A f;o\ uko ;" ;kb gfjbK gzikp dh fJ;/<br />

Xosh T[Zs/ wfjeK tzvd/ fezB/ jh b'eK B/ nZyhA t/y/ j'Dr/. fezfBnK B{z T[BQK d/ tZv/ tv/fonK<br />

okjhA r[o{ gksFkj d/ nZyhA fvZm/ iK ;[D/ ;[DkJ/ t/ot/ ikDB dk ;[Gkr jk;b j'fJnk j't/rk.<br />

r[o{ ;kfjp d/ ;zgoe ftZu nkT[D tkb/ b'eK dhnK fbysK ftZu'A T[BQK d/ fBeN doFB eoB/<br />

;zGt jB. p; fJ; tk;s/ fBeN nshs d/ fJfsjkf;e d;skt/}K dh osk e[ c'bk-ckbh<br />

eoB dh b'V j?. nkU, nshs d/ fJBQK gzfBnK B{z co'b e/ gzuw gksFkj d/ fBeN doFB<br />

eohJ/.<br />

cko;h dh fJZe g[okDh g[;se j? dp;skB-J/-w}kfjp. fJ; dk b/ye r'fpzd<br />

nod;skBh ;h i' w[jf;B ckBh d/ BK Bkb gqf;ZX j?. T[j r[o{ ;kfjp dk ;wekbh ;h. T[; B/<br />

nkgDh feskp ftZu f;ZyK s/ f;Zy r[o{nK pko/ e[M t/ot/ @BkBe gzEh# f;ob/y j/m fdZs/ jB.<br />

r[o{ noiB d/t ih d/ ;w/A pko/ rZb F[o{ eod/ j'J/ T[j efjzdk j? fe r[o{ noiB (d/t ih) ;w/A<br />

nB/eK b'eK B/ f;Zyh XkoB ehsh s/ fJ; d"okB r[o{ ftZu f;ZyK dh FoXk uow ;hwK S'jD<br />

bZrh. f;Zy j[D fJj efjD bZr gJ/ fe r[o{ BkBe jh oZp j? s/ ;G f;qFNh T[; B/ ;kih j?, go<br />

r[o{ BkBe pkDh ftZu nkgD/ nkg B{z r[bkw Bhu s/ iB jh efjzd/ jB s/ y[dk B{z fBoziB<br />

fBozeko gow/Fo fi; dk e'Jh ;oho iK o{g ozr BjhA. r[o{ BkBe B/ id'A ;oho SZfvnk sK<br />

T[BQK nkgD/ nkg B{z r[o{ nzrd d/t ih ftZu bhB eo fdZsk. r[o{ nzrd r[o{ nwodk; ftZu<br />

;wk rJ/. r[o{ nwodk;, r[o{ okwdk; ih ftZu ns/ r[o{ okwdk; ih r[[o{ noiB<br />

ftZu.HHHHr[o{ ftneshnK B{z wfjb efjzd/ jB. gzit/A wfjb r[o{ noiB jB. f;Zy fJj<br />

efjzd/ jB fe i/ e'Jh r[o{ noiB B{z r[o{ BkBe dk o{g BjhA frDdk sK T[j wBw[y jzekoh s/<br />

ek\o j?.<br />

vkL e[bdhg f;zx Xho*<br />

w[jf;B \kBh dh fJj fbys r[o{ noiB ;kfjp d/ ;w/A f;Zy Xow d/ f;yoK S'jD dh<br />

rtkjh fdzdh j?. fJ; s'A r[o{ gksFkj dh T[Zuh fJbkjh j'Ad j;sh-dk ftokN fpzp th T[Godk<br />

j? ns/ T[BQK ftZu r[o{ BkBe dh i'fs d/ tosB ftZu f;Zy ftFtk; dh th g[FNh j[zdh j?. r[o{<br />

noiB ;kfjp s'A gfjbK e'Jh ;ZiD G/Nk fJeZmh eoB tZy-tZy EktK T[Zs/ BjhA ;h iKdk. f;Zy<br />

nkg jh nk e/ r[o{ ;kfjp B{z nkgD/ jZEhA G/Nk g/F eod/. gzuw gksFkj t/b/ f;ZyK dh frDsh<br />

fJzBh-tZX rJh fe d{o dok} s'A G/Nk T[rokj e/ r[o{ xo sZe g[ukT[D bJh w;zd gqDkbh dk<br />

f;bf;bk F[o{ ehsk frnk. w[jf;B \kBh B/ fJ; gqpzX dh r[o{ noiB ;kfjp tb'A F[o{nks<br />

dk f}eo th ehsk j? . T[j efjzdk j? fJj w;zd pV/ T[Zu/ feodko d/ wkbe ;B ns/ fJBQK dh<br />

eEBh s/ eoBh ;dek nB/eK b'eK B/ f;Zyh XkoB ehsh. fJj tZyoh rZb j? fe d;w gksFkj<br />

sZe gj[zud/-gjz[ud/ w;zd nkgD/ nkdoFK s'A fEVe rJ/ s/ r[o{ ;kfjp B{z T[BQK B{z nkg ;'XDk<br />

fgnk. r[o{ noiB ;kfjp d[nkok fB:[es w;zd r[o{ xo tk;s/ G/ih G/Nk d/ g?;/ B{z nkgD/<br />

fBZi T[Zs/ BjhA ;B youd/. T[j fJj ;koh G/Nk r[o{ ;kfjp B{z fBwosk ;fjs g/F eod/ ns/<br />

r[o{ gksFkj T[BQK B{z d;sko p]F e/ wkD fdzd/.<br />

nkU, j[D osk e[ e/;o f;zx fSZpo d/ @pz;ktbh Bkwk d;K gksFkjhnK# ftZu'A r[o{ ih<br />

d/ doFB eohJ/. 1765 ftZu fbyh fJ; ouBk dk eosk d;w/F fgsk d/ y}kBuh GkJh Xow<br />

uzd dk g'sok ;h. fJ; B/ nkgD/ p}[orK s'A i' e[M r[o{ gksFkj pko/ ;[fDnk T[; dk f}eo<br />

i{B 2006<br />

r[o{ noiB d/ fBeN doFB nkgDh ouBk ftZu ehsk j?. fSZpo B/ nkgD/<br />

fposKs ftZu tZv/ Gok fgqEh uzd dh r[o{ ;kfjp<br />

Bkb Jhoyk dk ftF/F f}eo ehsk j?. fgsk d/<br />

;wMkD T[Zs/ th T[j BjhA NZbdk L<br />

fgsk ih fgqEhJ/ B{z nfs ;wMkfJnk.<br />

go fgqEhJ/ j'oK wB' o'r Bk rtkfJnk.<br />

T[; dk gfotko sK fJj th skBQ/ fdzdk j?<br />

fe r[o{ noiB ;kfjp dk e'Jh ;h g[Zso BjhA.<br />

fJ; bJh fJj ;koh ikfJdkd n;hA jh ;zGkbDh<br />

j? L<br />

wkb j? n;kvk n;K jh b?Dk.<br />

Bk fJBQK dk g[Zs ;h, Bk ;ke Bk ;?Dk.<br />

fSZpo efjzdk j? fe MrV/ s'A gk;/ ofjD<br />

tkb/ FKsh d/ g[zi gzuw gksFkj pk;oe/ ub/<br />

rJ/. fgqEh uzd B/ T[E/ th nk v/ok bkfJnk. fJE'A<br />

r'fJzdtkb ik fNe/. fgqEh uzd r'fJzdtkb nk<br />

frnk. fiE/ r[o{ ;kfjp iKd/ fgqEh uzd ;kok<br />

NZpo s/ nkgDk nwbk c?bk b? e/ nk iKdk.<br />

nyho r[o{ ih B/ okwdk;g[o/ nk v/ok bkfJnk.<br />

fJE/ ;o'to dh T[;koh eotkJh. T[BQK d/<br />

T[sFkj Bkb Bro t;D bZrk.<br />

T[;koh c/o btkJh nzfwqs;o.<br />

Bkb/ ;fo pD/ Bkb/ pD/<br />

Bro ftu xfo.<br />

pz;ktbhBkwk r[o{ noiB ih tb'A w[rb<br />

dopko d/ dhtkB uzd{ dh p/Nh dh r[o{<br />

jfor'fpzd ;kfjp Bkb e[VwkJh gqtkB Bk ehs/<br />

ikD dk f}eo th eodk j?. fJ; s'A uzd{ pj[s<br />

fsbfwbKdk j? L<br />

* ;kpek gq'c?;o ns/ vhB nekdfwe wkwb/,<br />

gzL :{L gfNnkbk. wekB BzL2, rbh BzL 9,<br />

r[o{ BkBe Bro, gfNnkbk<br />

nky/ d/y' GkJh n;hA<br />

Fkjh XowkfJD ejkJh.<br />

;kX ceho ikD n;K<br />

;ohD B{z G/ih ;h e[VwkJh.<br />

T[BQK i' w'Vh T[BQK nkg B{z eh iksk.<br />

n;hA T[ukJhd/, T[j ;ohD fBtkJhd/.<br />

fgqEh uzd fJ; w"e/ T[Zs/ uzd{ B{z j'o u[Zedk<br />

j?. fSZpo efjzdk j? fe T[j T[; B{z e[M tZYh th<br />

10


fdzdk j? fe T[j r[o{ ;kfjp B{z e?d eotk d/t/ L<br />

fgqEhJ/ j'oK wB;{pk ehsk Bkb T[BQK d/. u'oh u'oh Bkb T[BQK d/ ;b{e mfjokfJnk.<br />

Bkb eS[-tZYh d/Dk eokfJnk.<br />

fJ; gk;T[A r[fonkJh bJhn? S[vkfJ. fJ; B{z SZvhJ/ e?d gtkfJ.<br />

Fkjh dopko ftZu T[BQK dh ukb ;\b BjhA j[zdh. ;wK gk e/ r[o{ noiB ;kfjp B{z<br />

w[rb FfjBFkj dh eq'gh dk ;kjwDk eoBk gA?dk j?. T[; ;w/A uzd{ nkgDk pdbk bA?dk j?. T[;<br />

dh B{zj nkgD/ ;j[o/ d/ fJ; ftjko B{z uzrk BjhA ;wMdh ns/ ;gZFN fto'X eodh j?. r[o{<br />

;kfjp B{z Fkjh dopko nkgDh JhB wzBtkD bJh pV/ eFN fdzdk j?. pE/oh pfj; j[zdh j?.<br />

;tkb-itkp jz[d/ jB. go r[o{ ;kfjp nkgD/ f;XKsK T[Zs/ g{oh soQK nv'b j' e/ fNe/ ofjzd/<br />

jB. i/m wjhB/ dh X[Zg/ ;Vd/ fgzv/ s/ sZsh o/s dk f}eo fJ; fbys ftZu j?. fJj t/ot/ e[M<br />

fJ; gqeko jB L<br />

GkJh r[odk; B{z p?m ;wMkfJnk. n;kvk br/rk ;h; fJj fB;uk j' nkfJnk.<br />

HHHH HHHHH HHHHH HHHHHH<br />

;kfjp N/e wEk ftfdnk j'fJ rJ/. d[;fN uT[eV ftfu nkts GJ/.<br />

ipkp ;tkb pj[s jh j'fJnk. GJ/ e?d ;qw gkfJnk ;[y ;G y'fJnk.<br />

;s wk; ;qw nfs gkfJnk. d'yh ysoh fsB pkd T[mkfJnk.<br />

HHHH HHHHH HHHHH HHHHHH<br />

;kjhnK d/ xo ftu fJe nkjh tj[Nh T[BQK dh B{zj<br />

;kfjp d/ d[y d/y e/ T[j wzdk eo/ w{zj<br />

T[j nky/ ;j[o/ B{z p[ok j? ehsk<br />

T[j ;kX ceho T[BQK n;kvk eh j? bhsk.<br />

HHHH HHHHH HHHHH HHHHHH<br />

UVe pzBQ e/ o/sh ftZu ;[NkJ/. i/m wk; dh X[g fgzvk ;V ikJ/.<br />

Fjhdh dh rZb s[oh j? sK fJ; f;bf;b/ ftZu j'o g[oksB d;skt/}K dk f}eo Bkb jh<br />

eo bJhJ/. ijKrho dh nkgDh ;t?-ihtBh s[}e-J/-ijKrhoh ftZu eZNV w"bkfBnK tb'A<br />

u[e/ u[ekJ/ ijKrho dh r[o{ xo gqsh B\os ;gFN Mbedh j?. ijKrho w[iZfdd<br />

i{B 2006<br />

nfbc;kBh d/ gqqGkt j/m ;h i' r?o w[;fbwK B{z<br />

;]sh Bkb ysw eoB s/ dpkT[D dh Bhsh dk<br />

nkgD/ ;w/A dk Mzvk podko ;h. fJ;/ ;[Zy d/ g[Zso<br />

B/ fgS'A n"ozr}/p dk w}jph nfXnkge pD e/<br />

T[; B{z th s[n;p dh gZNh gVQkJh. F/y ;ofjzdh<br />

Gkt w[iZfdd nbc;kBh B/ r[o{ ;kfjp dh<br />

Fjhdh pko/ nkgD/ fwZso F/y nfjwd p[ykoh B{z<br />

fJe fuZmh ftZu fJT[A fbfynk ;h L<br />

fJ; ;w/A r'fJzdtkb tkb/ bkjBsh ek\o<br />

dk wkfonk ikDk fJe nZSh xNBk j? ns/<br />

wod{d fjzd{nK dh ;]s jko dk ;p{s. fJ;bkw<br />

tkfbnK bJh fJj' Gbk j? fe fJj wko/ ikD.<br />

ek\o popkd j'D. wA? sK ;[gB/ ftZu th t/fynk<br />

;h fe pkdFkj B/ e[\o dk sk} u{o-u{o eo<br />

fdZsk j?. fJj e[co dk ski fJj r[o{ jh ;h.<br />

fJj' fijh B\os T[Zs/ gfbnk ijKrho<br />

r[o{ xo gqfs i' GktBk oZydk ;h, T[; dk gqwkD<br />

T[es gZso s'A sK j[zdk jh j?, pkdFkj dh<br />

nkgDh fbys s'A th j[zdk j?. fJj fbys e[M<br />

fJ; gqeko j? L<br />

@@r'fJzdtkb ftZu i' fe fpnk; dfonk d/<br />

ezY/ T[Zs/ j?, ghoK, cehoK d/ G/; ftZu noiB<br />

Bkw/ fJZe fjzd{ ;h fi; B/ pj[s ;ko/ G'b/ Gkb/<br />

fjzd{nK jh BjhA pbfe p/;wM s/ w{oy w[;bwkBK<br />

B{z th nkgD/ s"o sohfenK dk XkoBh pDk<br />

fbnk ;h. T[; dh cehoh s/ ][dk Bkb B/Vsk dh<br />

uzrh gqf;ZXh ;h. uko/ gkf;T[A w{oy b'e T[; tZb<br />

fyZu/ nkT[Ad/ ;B. T[; B{z g{id/ ;B. fszB uko<br />

ghVQhnK s'A e[\o dh fJj d[ekB row ;h. w/o/<br />

wB ftZu eJh tko fJj fynkb nkT[Adk ;h fe<br />

w?B{z fJj e[\o dh d[ekB pzd eotk d/Dh<br />

ukjhdh j? iK T[; B{z fJ;bkw d/ dkfJo/ ftZu b?<br />

nkT[Dk ukjhdk j?.HHHHfJ;/ d"okB y[;o' fJE'A dh<br />

dfonk gko j'fJnk.HHHHT[; dh fojkfJF T[Zs/<br />

y[;o' B/ gVkn ehsk.HHfJ; B/ T[; d/ wZE/ T[Zs/<br />

fNek bkfJnk fi; B{z fjzd{ F[G FrB frDd/<br />

jB.HHfJj rb w/o/ ezBh gJh. wA? nZr/ jh fJ; d/<br />

co/p pko/ ek\h e[M ikDdk ;K. wA? j[ew fdZsk<br />

fe fJ; dk xo xkN pZu/ s/ XB w[os}k ykB<br />

}ps eo bt/ ns/ fJ; B{z :k;k d/ ;ys s;hj/<br />

d/ e/ wko fdZsk ikt/.##HHHH<br />

T[go'es fbysK r[o{ ;kfjp d/ tX oj/<br />

11


gqGkt ns/ T[; B{z ysw eoB dh Fkjh fuzsk tZb ;ze/s eodhnK jB. fJBQK s'A th gsk bZrdk j?<br />

fe r[o{ ;kfjp B{z fJ;bkw XkoB eoB T[Zs/ ikB p]Fh dk bkbu th pko pko fdZsk frnk<br />

j't/rk. fJ;/ tb e/;o f;zx fSZpo B/ d/o sZe ;tkb itkp j'D dk f}eo eoe/ ;ze/s ehsk j?.<br />

r[o{ ;kfjp dk xo xkN XB nkfd }ps j'D pko/ fJfsjk; u[Zg j?. j' ;edk j? fJj j[ew pknd<br />

ftZu tkg; b? bJ/ rJ/ j'D iK fco fJBQK B{z nwbh ikwk gfjDKd/ j'J/, r[o{ ;kfjp B{z e?d eoB<br />

dh EK ysw eoBk jh mhe ;wfMnk frnk j't/. fJ; fbys ftZu :k;k dk ;ze/s Gkt g{os j?.<br />

fJ; dk noE pzd/ B{z wkoB dh T[j ftXh j? fi; ftZu T[; dk y{B Xosh T[Zs/ Bk fvZr/. fJ;<br />

fbys ftZu uzd{ dk f}eo BjhA i' fe f;Zy gozgok Bkb gZeh soQK i[fVnk j'fJnk j?. fJ; d/ gZe/<br />

gqwkD j'o ;o'sK s'A ;kB{z fwbd/ jB.<br />

r[o{ ;kfjp dh Fjhdh dk fposKs T[BQK d/ fJe ;wekbh Jh;kJh gkdoh ;/AN i/o'w }/thno<br />

d/ fJe gZso ftu'A fwbdk j?. fJj gZso T[; B/ 25 ;szpo 1606 B{z Fkjh dopko ftu'A r'nk d/<br />

fe;/ nfXekoh B{z fbfynk ;h. fJj fposKs e[M fJ; gqeko j? L<br />

@@HHHHHFfj}kdk y[;o' nkro/ s'A GZik nk fojk ;h. T[; d/ okj ftZu fJZe fjzd{ ofjzdk ;h<br />

fi; B{z r[o{ efjzd/ ;B. fJ; B{z ;ko/ fjzd{nK ftZu ;kv/ g'g tKr<br />

;fsekfonk iKdk ;h.HHHFfj}kdk T[; s'A nkFhotkd b?D bJh<br />

gjz[funk. r[o{ B/ T[; B{z ;[szsosk gqkgs eoB bJh w[pkoe fdZsh ns/<br />

T[; d/ wZE/ T[Zs/ fNek bkfJnk. Gkt/A r[o{ ek\o ;h s/ Ffj}kdk<br />

w[;bwkB go T[; Ffj}kd/ d/ wZE/ T[Zs/ y[Fh Bkb fNZek bkfJnk. fJj<br />

fNZek Ffj}kd/ dh id' ifjd dh ;\bsk dh ekwBk dk gqshe ;h.<br />

Ffj}kdk fjzd{ wK dk g[Zso ;h. T[; B/ r[o{ dh o{jkBhns dh gqf;ZXh<br />

eoe/ jh fJj fNek btkfJnk ;h. pkdFkj B{z gsk bZr frnk. T[; B/<br />

Ffj}kd/ B{z pzdh pDkB d/ Bkb-Bkb r[o{ ;kfjp B{z frqcsko eoB dk<br />

j[ew fdZsk.HHHHHH<br />

HHHe[M fjzd{nK B/ pkdFkj B{z T[; B{z SZv d/D dh p/Bsh ehsh<br />

feT[Afe T[j T[BQK dk Xkofwe ;zs ;h. nyho fJj sfj j'fJnk fe T[j<br />

fJe by o[gJ/ i[owkBk d/t/. fJ; bJh fJe nwho fjzd{ B/ }wkBs<br />

bJh.HHHT[; B/ r[o{ dk ;kok ;wkB wzrtk fbnk go fJ; Bkb th oew<br />

g{oh BjhA ;h j[zdh. fjzd{nK ftZu T[; nwho fjzd{ dk e'Jh ;fseko BjhA ;h. T[; B/ r[o{ d/ XB<br />

wkb B{z jVg e/ r[o{ ;kfjp B{z fBs Bt/A eFN d/D/ F[o{ ehs/.HHHfJ; Bkb jh T[j r[o{ Fjhd j'<br />

frnk.##<br />

}/thno d/ fJ; gZso s'A gqshs j[zdk j? fe r[o{ ;kfjp B{z ikB pyFh bJh fJ;bkw XkoB<br />

eoB d/ Bkb-Bkb i[owkBk Go e/ w[esh jk;b eoB dh th g/FeF j'Jh j't/rh -i' f;Zy gozgok<br />

ftZu wzBh iKdh j?. r[o{ ;kfjp B/ fJj d't/A g/FeFK ;gFN o{g ftZu m[eokJhnK. w[rb je{ws<br />

s'A ;[szsosk tb ;ze/s eo e/ fJj gZso f;Zy bfjo d/ w[rb je{ws s'A w[esh d/ T[d/F dk<br />

gfjb{ th }'odko sohe/ Bkb T[Gkodk j?. r[o{ ;kfjp s'A fJe by dk }[owkBk t;{b eoe/ Fkjh<br />

]}kB/ ftZu iwQK eotkD dh }wkBs d/ e/ fi; fjzd{ nwho B/ r[o{ ;kfjp B{z nkgD/ ep}/ ftZu<br />

fbnk, T[j dhtkB uzd{ jh gqshs j[zdk j?. T[;/ B/ r[o{ ;kfjp T[s/ }[bw eotkJ/ ns/ Fjhdh T[;/<br />

dh d/y o/y ftZu j'Jh.<br />

1870 ftZu fby/ rJ/ rzqE wfjwk gqekF s'A uzd{ d/ fJzi eoB dh g[FNh j[zdh j? L<br />

sph d[FNh (uzd{) fJe weo pDkfJnk. ijKrho e' b'G fdVkfJnk.<br />

:/ ;g[od jwoh eo dhi?. d[fJ bky o[fgnk jw ;/ bhi?.<br />

HHHH HHHH HHHHH<br />

i{B 2006<br />

sp fbykfJ uzd{ ;/ bhBk. ;g[od<br />

wkwbk sk e' ehBk.<br />

1870 dh fJe j'o fbys j? xBJhnk<br />

bkb dh skohy-J/-gzikp. fJ; dk b/ye<br />

efjzdk j? L r[o{ ih ~ bkj"o sbp ehsk<br />

frnk. T[BQK B{z uzd{ dh ;g[odrh ftZu<br />

oZfynk frnk. uzd{ B/ r[o{ ih dk v/ok nkgD/<br />

wekB ftZu eotkfJnk.HHpkdFkj eFwho<br />

ubk frnk s/ r[o{ ih uzd{ d/ jtkb/<br />

oj/.HHHuzd{ B/ r[o{ ih B{z brksko s;hj/ d/D/<br />

F[o{ ehs/ ns/ T[BQK T[Zs/ nfij/ }[bw ehs/<br />

fiBQK B{z Bk ebw fpnkB eo ;edh j? s/ Bk<br />

}pkB d; ;edh j?. brGr fJ;/ jh ;w/A dh<br />

fJe j'o fbys j? frnkBh frnkB f;zx dh<br />

stkoh]-J/-r[o{ ykb;k i' gZEo Skg/ Bkb<br />

1891 ftZu Sgh. frnkBh ih fbyd/ jB fe<br />

d[FN uzd{ w"ek gk e/ ;/tk eoB d/ pjkB/<br />

}wkBs d/ e/ r[o{ ih B{z nkgD/ xo b? frnk.<br />

T[es ;kohnK fbysK r[o{ ;kfjp dh<br />

fdB' fdB tX ojh b'e fgq:sk, ikpo s/<br />

}[bw Bkb fdqVQ NZeo dk T[BQK dk fJokdk,<br />

;[szsosk bJh ;zxoF eo oj/ b'eK dk<br />

fBvosk Bkb ;kE d/D dk ;[Gkn, nkgD/<br />

Xow s/ n;{bK gqsh fe;/ th fe;w dk<br />

;wM"sk Bk eoB dk n}w, uzd{ dk fJ;<br />

Fjhdh ftZu o'b, eZNV gzEh ;zehoB ;'u tkb/<br />

w"bkfBnK s/ j[ewokBk d/ rZm i'V, r[o{<br />

;kfjp T[Zs/ j'J/ nefj n;fj }[bwK s/ uzd{<br />

12


dh B{zj dh fJ; ;ko/ fttjko gqsh n;fjwsh dk fJe ftokN fpzp T[GkodhnK jB fi; d/ fBFkB<br />

;dhnK s'A f;Zy fjofdnK ftZu T[eo/ gJ/ jB.<br />

r[o{ gksFkj dh fJ; nd[Zsh Fjkds d/ doFB fJfsjk; d/ gzfBnK ftu'A eoB T[gozs<br />

r[o{ ;kfjp B{z B/fVT[A t/yD tkb/ e[M :[Zr g[oFK d/ r[o{ ;kfjp pko/ gqGktK dk f}eo eoBk<br />

pDdk j?.<br />

fJBQK ftu'A gfjb/ jB r[o{ nwodk; ih wjkoki. T[j r[o{ noiB d/t ih d/ BkBk ih ;B.<br />

T[BQK B/ nkgD/ d'js/ B{z jZEhA fyvkfJnk ns/ bkv bvkfJnk ;h. fBZe/-fBZe/ edw g[ZNd/ id'A<br />

pkbe noiB ih BkBk r[o{ ih d/ nk;D T[Zs/ uVQD dh e'fFF eod/ sK T[j jZ; e/ efjzd/ L<br />

ekjbh Bk eo p/Nk. tZvk j' e/ s{z fJ; nk;D T[Zs/ jh p?mA/rk. T[BQK B/ pkbe noiB B{z ;fji/ jh<br />

fJj p'b th ej/ ;B L @d'fjsk. pkDh ek p'fjEk.#<br />

r[o{ gksFkj dh gqfsGk dh f;\s ;bkj eoB tkb/ d' j'o Bkw jB ;Zsk s/ pbtzv. r[o{<br />

gksFkj d/ fJj opkph ;B. fJBQK B/ 1600 JhL ftZu fJj p'b fby/ i' r[o{ rzqE ;kfjp ftZu<br />

;[oZfyns jB L<br />

nkg/ gNh ebw nkfg nkfg fbyDjkok j'nk..<br />

;G T[wfs nktD iktDh nkg/ jh Btk fBo'nk..<br />

syfs p?mk noiB r[o{ ;fsr[o ek fyt? uzd'nk..<br />

T[rtDj[ s? nkEtDj[ uj[ ueh ehnB[ b'nk..<br />

fJj p'b r[o{ gksFkj dh n}ws dk gqwkD jB. T[BQK d/ dopko ftZu nkT[D tkbh T[ws<br />

dk f}eo eod/ jB. r[o{ ;kfjp dh s]s T[Z/s p?fmnK dh FkB dh rZb eod/ jB s/ dZ;d/ jB<br />

fe uVQd/ s'A bfjzd/ sZe T[BQK d/ B{o dk ukBD g;fonk j'fJnk j?.<br />

GkJh r[odk; r[o{ noiB d/ ;wekbh jh BjhA foFs/ ftZu wkwk th ;B. T[BQK B/ nkgDhnK<br />

tkoK ftZu Fpd ;[os d/ tgkoh, r[opkDh dk Gzvko Gog{o eoB tkb/ r[o{ noiB dk f}eo sK<br />

ehsk jh j?, Fjhdh ;w/A dfonk (okth)ftZu ftbhB j'D dk th ;ze/s ehsk j? L<br />

fgT[ dkdk gVdkfdnj[ e[b dhge[ niokto Bsk.<br />

sys[ pys[ b? wfbnk ;pd ;[ofs tkgkfo ;gsk.<br />

r[opkDh Gzvkfo Gfo ehosB[ eEk oj? ozr osk.<br />

;kX ;zrfs j? r[o[ ;Gk osB gdkoE tDi[ wjsk.<br />

HHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHH HHHHHHH<br />

ofjd/ r[o[ dohnkT[ ftfu whB e[bhB j/s[ fBopkDh..<br />

do;B[ d/fy gszr fiT[ i'sh nzdfo i'fs ;wkDh..<br />

HHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHH HHHHHHH<br />

r[o noiB ftNj[ e[opkDh..<br />

Gkt/A szr B}o s/ eNV gzEh ;'u tkb/ ijKrho dk r[o{ noiB<br />

;kfjp gqsh B}ohnk B\os Gfonk ;h, gqzs{ T[; d/ fgsk FfjBFkj<br />

nepo dh ;'u T[; torh ;ze[fus BjhA ;h. nepo dk dopkoh np{ c}b<br />

nepo Bkw/ ftZu nepo d/ r[o{ ;kfjp gqsh ;fseko s/ T[dkosk Go/<br />

B}ohJ/ dh g[FNh eodk j?. T[j fJj th dZ;dk j? fe 24 Btzpo 1598 B{z<br />

bkj"o s'A nfjwd Bro B{z iKd/ j'J/ FfjBFkj nepo T[u/uk r[o{ ;kfjp B{z<br />

fwbD frnk. T[; B/ jkEh #s/ ;tko j' e/ c"i ;w/s g[b okjhA dfonk<br />

fpnk; gko ehsk s/ r[o{ ih d/ doFB ehs/. T[j efjzdk j? fe fgT[ dkd/ s'A<br />

i{B 2006<br />

r[o{ noiB fjzd{nK d/ fFo'wDh nkr{ s[o/ nk<br />

oj/ ;B. FfjBFkj dh fJBQK B{z fwbD dh<br />

fJZSk ;h, i' g{oh j'Jh.<br />

;[ikB okJ/ Gzvkoh B/ y[bk; s[s<br />

stkohy BK dh fJfsjkf;e wjZst tkbh<br />

nkgDh ouBk ftZu nepo dh r[o{ noiB<br />

;kfjp Bkb w[bkeks d/ e[M j'o t/ot/ th<br />

fdZs/ jB. fJj ouBk 1696 JhL dh j'D<br />

ekoB yk; s"o T[Zs/ gVQD tkbh j?. fJj<br />

fbys e[M fJ; gqeko j? L<br />

HHHnepo bkj"o s'A dZyD tZb B{z<br />

s[fonkHHHHHdfonk fpnk; bzx e/ pkpk<br />

BkBe d/ T[Zso-nfXekoh r[o{ noiB d/<br />

;EkB T[/Zs/ gj[zu/ s/ pkpk BkBe dh<br />

nfXnkswe eftsk ;[D e/ pV/ nkBzfds<br />

j'J/.HHHHr[o{ noiB d/t ih B/ ;fseko ti'A<br />

Y[ZethA ;[rks g/F eoe/ p/Bsh ehsh fe Fkjh<br />

c"i d/ mfjokn ekoB gzikp ftZu nBki dk<br />

Gkn wfjzrk j' frnk ;h. fJ; bJh brkB<br />

tZX frnk. c"i d/ ikD ekoB nBki ;;sk<br />

j'D ekoB goik fJBk brkB BjhA d/ ;e/rh.<br />

fJj ;[D e/ nepo B/ wkb n\;oK B{z j[ew<br />

ehsk fe brkB dk S/tK fjZ;k wk\ eo fdZsk<br />

ikt/ s/ nfjbekoK B{z skVBk ehsh ikt/ fe<br />

T[j fe;kBK Bkb Bowh Bkb g/F<br />

nkT[D.HHHH##<br />

13


fJj fbysK ;gZFN dZ;dhnK jB fe r[o{ gksFkj<br />

fBozso nkgDh Xosh d/ b'eK Bkb ns/ T[BQK d/ d[ZyK-<br />

dodK Bkb i[V/ ofjzd/ ;B. nk; gk; tkgoB tkbhnK<br />

xNBktK ns/ T[BQK d/ b'eK dh f}zdrh Bkb ;zpzXK dh<br />

T[BQK B{z g{oh ;wM ;h. T[j FfjBFkj s'A th nkgD/ pko/<br />

e[M BjhA wzrd/. b'eK d/ d[Zy-;[Zy dh rZb eoe/ T[BQK dk<br />

brkB xNkD bJh jh efjzd/ jB. fJj fbys fJj th<br />

dZ;dh j? fe r[o{ ;kfjp d/ iB-;kXkoB ftZu ftnkge<br />

gqGkt ~ FfjBFkj th B}o nzdk} BjhA ;h eo ;edk.<br />

T[j Bk e/tb T[BQK B{z nkg fwbD iKdk j?, ;r'A T[BQK dh<br />

;bkj T[Zs/ nwb eoe/ fe;kBK d/ brkB ftZu th eN"sh<br />

eodk j?.<br />

r[o{ noiB ;kfjp d/ fBeN doFBK dk fJj<br />

fposKs GZNK d/ f}eo fpBK nX{ok oj/rk. GZN r[o{<br />

;kfjp d/ ;wekbh ;B. r[o{ dopko ftZu T[j d/o sZe<br />

oj/ ns/ nkgD/ fBZih nB[Gt d/ nkXko T[Zs/ T[BQK r[o{<br />

;kfjp dh T[;ss ftZu ;tZJhJ/ ou/. fJBQK ;tZJhnK d/<br />

}ohJ/ r[o{ ;kfjp dh F];hns e[M fJ; gqeko T[Godh<br />

j? L<br />

;fsr[o uoB etb fofd Xkoz. .<br />

r[o noiB r[N ;fji fpukoz..<br />

HHHHHHHH HHHHHHHH HHHHHHH<br />

s? iBws r[owfs pqjw[ gSkfDU..<br />

ebQ i'fV eo ;[i;[ tykfDU..<br />

HHHHHHHH HHHHHHHH HHHHHHH<br />

Xzqw Xho[ r[owfs rzGho[ go d[y fp;koD[..<br />

;pd ;ko[ jfo ;w T[dko[ njzw/t fBtkoD[..<br />

(eb: GZN)<br />

ip bT[ Bjh Gkr fbbko T[d?<br />

sp bT[ Gqws/ fcos/ pj[ Xk:T[..<br />

efb x'o ;w[dq w? p{vs E/<br />

epj{ fwfN j? Bjh o/ gS[sk:T[..<br />

ss[ fpuko[ :j? wE[ok<br />

ir skoB eT[ ntsko[ pBk:T[..<br />

igQT[ fiB` noi[B d/t r[o{<br />

fcfo ;zeN i'fB roG B nk:T[..<br />

GZN efjzd/ jB fe ;fji, Xow, Xhoi, rzGhosk,<br />

T[dkosk, d{i/ d/ d[ZyK B{z jzeko w[es j' e/ tzvkD tkb/<br />

r[o{ noiB dh f;\s e'Jh eh eo/. p; fJzBk efj e/ jh<br />

rZb pDdh j? fe fit/A d[BhnK B{z skoB bJh nekb<br />

g[oy nkg jh Xosh T[Zs/ T[so nkJ/ jB.<br />

i{B 2006<br />

;kJhA whnK who,<br />

ijKrho B{z<br />

*phHJ/H, phHNhHfrnkBh, wekB BzL 11851, rbh BzL 3<br />

;kfjp}kdk nihs f;zx Bro, b[fXnkDk-141003<br />

ijKrho! wA? s/o/ oki nzdo, pVk }[bw sfen?, nfsnkuko sfen?,<br />

EK ndb/ ijKrhoh dh jo EK #s/, }[bw'A f;sw dk row pk}ko sfen?,<br />

s?B{z nkfdb s/ w'wB d/ G/; nzdo, }kfbw, ekfsb, ikpo, r[Bkjrko sfen?,<br />

bkj"o Ffjo ftZu j'J/ efjo ftu'A, dkradko wA? s/ok feodko sfen?,<br />

w}Qph iB{zB ftZu nZbk dk y{B eoBk, eh J/j' j? s/ok fJB;k\ Fkjk<<br />

fijVk ehs? r[Bkj s{z ikD p[ZM e/, sk fenkws BjhA j'Dk w[nk\ Fkjk.<br />

s{z s/ ;wMD?, fJ; nfsnkuko d/ Bkb, s{z fJe pVk wkoek wkfonk J/,<br />

fpmk e/ sZgdh b'j #s/ r[o{ noiB, s{z nkgDk ekbik mkfonk J/,<br />

e'wb pdB #s/ gk e/ row o/sk, T[s'A j'o th efjo r[}kfonk J/,<br />

ubdh M{m dh pzd d[ekB eoe/, s{z dhB fJ;bkw goukfonk J/,<br />

fe;/ p/r[Bkj #s/ }[bw eoBk, fJj fJ;bkw dk BjhA n;{b Fkjk,<br />

fijB{z f]dws s{z dhB dh d;dk J/A, dorkj ftZu BjhA j'Dh ep{b Fkjk.<br />

fijB{z M{m dh s{z d[ekB dZ;A/, ;"d/ ;Zu d/ j?D nBw'b UE/,<br />

jZEhA nkgD/ ghoK d/ gho BkBe, s/oK, s/oK d/ s'b/ ;h s'b UE/,<br />

nkT[D ;tkbh i' b? e/ M'b ykbh, Go iKd/ B/ ;G d/ M'b UE/,<br />

wkfbe ;Zu? s/ T[j j? d[ekB ;Zuh, g{oB ]kfb; ;Zu Bo'b UE/,<br />

wk;No nihs f;zx @nihs#*<br />

godk fgnk s[nZ;p dk nZyhnK #s/, BjhA s{z ;Zu s/ M{m gSkD ;fenk,<br />

;fsr[o BkBe dh rZdh dh i' wfjwK, Bk s{z ;wM ;fenk Bk s{z ikD ;fenk.<br />

f;Zy Xow dh fi; p[fBnkd oZyh, BkBe gho j'fJn? ;KMk ;kfonK dk,<br />

nzrd d/t ;fsr[o ;z;ko T[Zs/, pfDnK nk;ok ;h eowK wkfonK dk,<br />

r[o{ nwodk; d/ ;Zu/ dopko nzdo, BjhA ;h \oe e'Jh j"fbnK GkfonK dk,<br />

nzfwqs;o ofunk okwdk; ;fsr[o, eoB bJh d[Zy d{o d[fynkfonK dk,<br />

w[;fbw jK wA? ;zr/ p[fBnkd oZfynk, johwzdo dh id'A skwho ehsh,<br />

shoE oZu e/ ir ftZu ;op ;KMk, rZb r[o{ noiB p/B}ho ehsh.<br />

s{z T[; dorkj Bkb wZEk bk fbnk J/, fiZE/ nk e/ ;kok ijkB MZ[fenk,<br />

w[rab pkdFkjK ehs/ nkB ;id/, M[e/ wjkoki/ jo ;[bskB M[Zfenk,<br />

s/o/ pkg d/ pkg dk pkg pkpo, r[o{ BkBe d/ edwK #s/ nkB M[Zfenk,<br />

jwk:{z MZ[fenk T[; dopko nzdo, ibkbT[ZdhB nepo wjkB MZ[fenk,<br />

T[; dorkj dh fwZNh d/ }oZfonK d/, ;Kjt/A j/u j? s]s' ski s/ok,<br />

T[; dorkj B/ ;dk j? ekfJw ofjDk, ]sw j' ikD? }[bwh oki s/ok.<br />

14


i'frzdo f;zx*<br />

f;ob/y f;ofink s[eKs, ;qh r[o{ rzqE ;kfjp ih d/ nzr<br />

1409 #go doi @;tJhJ/ wjb/ gzit/A e/# d/ pkDheko GZN wE[ok ih d/ ;st/A ;tJhJ/,<br />

ftu'A fbnk frnk j?. gzithA gksFkjh ;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh bk;kBh Fjkds dh<br />

u"Eh Fskpdh wBkT[AfdnK, ;kB{z T[BQK d/ ftneshst d/ ftF/F s/ ftbyD o{gK-;o{gK<br />

B{z ikBD-gfjukBD dk nt;o gqkgs j't/rk. jZEbk b/y T[BQK d/ gktB gftsq @gosyQ<br />

jfo# d/ ;o{g dh fJe G'oh wksq S'j wkDB dk :sB j?.<br />

wB[Zyh wkBf;esk s/ p"fXesk dh ftek;-gozgok ftZu tZy-tZy ws-wsKsoK d/<br />

XowK dk T[d? j'fJnk. Gkosh dkoFfBesk, ;z;feqsh s/ ;kfjs nkfd ;G dk w{b-;'qs<br />

t/dK B{z wzfBnk frnk j?, nZr'A S/-Fk;so, T[gfBFd g[okD s/ f;fwqshnK nkfd j'Ad<br />

ftZu nkJhnK. fiBQK fuzseK-;kXeK B/ t/dK B{z nkgDk w{b-;q's BKj wzfBnk, T[BQK B{z<br />

Bk;fse nkfynk frnk-@@Bk;fse' t/dfBzde##-fit/A fe i?Bh ukotkehJ/ ns/ p[ZX<br />

Xow tkb/ nkfde. fJBQK nDfrDs w}jpK-fcofenK s/ ihtB nkuko-ftjko<br />

gqDkbhnK ftZu pj[-GKfse tyo/ftnK d/ pkti{d, f;qFNh ouBk s/ T[; dh ouDjkoh<br />

fe;/ n;hw-nfdqFN @j'Ad# iK Fesh d/ nfj;k; gqsh ftFtk; dh fJe ;KMh eVh dh<br />

w"i{drh t/yh ik ;eh dh j?. fJ; @j'Ad# B{z gqrNkT[Ad/ nB/eK BktK ftu'A @jfo# fJe g{ot<br />

ekbhB gquZbs BK j?.<br />

;kfonK B/ pqfjwzvh f;oiDk s/ ;zukbB ftZu fJe ftF/F B/wpZXsk, brkskosk s/<br />

gqshpZXsk d/ n;b/, n;{bK, ;/XK s/ f;XksK B{z y'fink Gkfbnk j?, Gkt/A nrw-nr'uo<br />

dh Ekj BjhA gkJh ik ;eh dh.HHHHs/ fJBQK ;kfonK gqfeose ekfJfdnK-ekB{zBK s/<br />

nNZb-B/wK ~ ;kv/ g[ofynK B/ @Xow# dh ;zr:k fdZsh j?HHHHi' ;z;ko ~ XkoB eodk j?,<br />

fi; d/ nkXko ftFP j?, T[j gftsq fB:w. fJj gftsq fB:wktbh @ngozgo gkopqjw<br />

gow/;o[# gqwkswk, y[dk, nbk iK @tkfjr[o{# dk ftXh-ftXkB j?, ekoD-ekoi j?,<br />

eost j?, i[w/tkoh j?, ojZ;tkdh y/v dk nykVk j?, ;eqh:sk j?, ;ji ;[Gkn j?, w{be<br />

fpod j?HHHHs/ fJ; ;wZ[u/ ekoi-y/so ~ n;hA fBor[D-;or[D gqG{-fgsk gqwkswk,<br />

BkokfJD, eoskg[oy, okw-ojhw, jfo dk Xow-eow nkyd/ jK.<br />

@jfo# nkgDh u/sB-ekoiFhbsk sfjs ;zg{oB f;qFNh s/ T[; ftZu tZ;dh-o;dh<br />

i?ftesk ~ fBozsosk ns/ fJekrosk Bkb jfonk Gfonk eo fojk j?, ;dk-ftrk;<br />

dk tksktoB f;ofink ik fojk j?. ;kfonK dk fynkb, ;ZG; dh ;zGkb, ;[y-;[ftXktK,<br />

;fjj'Ad, ;KM, ;zs'y ;obsk s/ ;zs[bsk d/ fB:wK dk ;ji-;[GkJ/ ;zukbB j' fojk<br />

j?HHHHfJj joh-gqG{ dk Xow y/so j? fiE/ e'Jh nZe/tK-EZe/tK BjhA, e'Jh o'e-o[ektN<br />

BjhA, gT[D, gkDh, nrBh nkgD/ tjkt bJh ;"fynK jh okj pDk bA?d/ jB, ftek;-<br />

gqfefonk ftZu e'Jh nVuB ;EkJh BjhA, jo ;wZf;nk dk ;wkXkB nkg{z ;kjwD/ nk<br />

ybA"Adk j? fit/A g{oh ekfJBks dh ekfJnk ftZu ;G e[M jh fBfjs fgnk j't/- i' feS[<br />

gkfJnk ;[ J/ek tko .. HHHHs/ ekoD ekoi nkgDk nkgDk ;wK ;EkB s/ tkoh T[vhe oj/<br />

i{B 2006<br />

r[o[ noi[B[ gosyQ jfo..<br />

j'tD, fJj' fijk j? @jfo# dk Xow !HHHH i' U;<br />

dh g{oh wkBtsk gqsh n;hw dfJnkbsk ftu'A<br />

;[s/-f;X T[rw fojk j?. r[opkDh ftZu Xow ~<br />

dfJnk dk g[so nkfynk frnk j?-<br />

dfJnkbsk, ;otgZyh ;[zdosk,<br />

jfonktbsk, ;Zssk, nNZbsk, nv'bsk<br />

nrwsk, T[dkoZsk, T[XkoZsk fBozsosk s/<br />

;[szsosk, fBot?osk s/ fBoG?sk nkfde<br />

@jfo# gqG{-gq/w d/ ekoi-y/so d/ r[D# s/<br />

bZSD jB. ;zg{oB f;qFNh ftubhnK ftgohs<br />

t;s{nK dk sBk;p ekfJw ofynk ik fojk j?,<br />

fto'Xh skesK dk stk}B poeoko pfDnk<br />

ofjzdk j?, ihtK-izs{nK, ikBtoK, fJB;kBK,<br />

j?tkBK s/ F?skBK dh ;fjj'Ad bJh b'VhAdk<br />

;ws'b s/ ;zs[bB B{z ;ktK fNekJ/ oZyD bJh<br />

eosk g[oy @jfo# ih d/ e'b jo soQK d/ ;zd,<br />

eb g[o}/, ;kXB s/ ;wroh, izso-wzso s/<br />

szso, jZE s/ jfEnko o{gh ;woE-FeshnK<br />

jw/FK-jw/FK fsnko-po-fsnko ;ktXkB s/<br />

fJekro uhs, @j[ew# dh T[vhe ftZu<br />

yVhnK-yb'shnK jB.<br />

gqfeose ftek;-;zuko,<br />

nkjko[ ihn#<br />

*iBob ;eZso, r[opkDh y'i<br />

ftuko s/ ;zuko e/Ado<br />

@ihnk ek<br />

ns/ iKrbh ftt;Ek d/<br />

nzsors, F/o dh d{i/ ;kfonK S'N/ ikBtoK<br />

T[Zgo f}zdrh-w"s dh nfXeko-;woZEk ~<br />

t/yfdnK-goyfdnK, wB[Zy th nkgD/ jh<br />

nkb/-d[nkb/ d/ GkJhuko/ d/ wkV/-ew}'oK ~<br />

pb g{ote d[p/b pDk e/, nkg ephb/ dk w[yh<br />

pD p?mk. ephb/ dk ;odko @wkbe# s/ pkeh<br />

pzd/ S'N/-tZv/-;/tkdko. wB[Zyh GkJhukok<br />

ephfbnK, xokfDnK s/ oitkVk FkjhnK #u<br />

tzfvnk frnk. skestoK-iotkfDnK B/<br />

pj[frDsh ew}'oK B{z nkgDk dk; pDk<br />

fbnk. r[bkwK e'b'A ikBtoK tkbk ezw fbnk<br />

15


iKdk ;h s/ nfij/ p/-<br />

t; s/ bkuko pzfdnK<br />

dh f}zdrh fJZe nZbk<br />

d/ B{o s'A T[gi/<br />

wkBt-irs tk;s/<br />

bkjBs s/ Fofwzdrh<br />

s'A tZX e[M th BjhA<br />

;h.<br />

ny"sh Xkofwe<br />

tosko/ ftZu th fJ;/<br />

soQK, f;nkfDnK-<br />

;{MtkBK s/ ;woE<br />

;wki-Fk;sqhnK B/<br />

nkgD/ nkg ~<br />

;ot;q/Fm, ;G s'A T[Zsw s/ T[Zusw x'fFs eofdnK, pkeh ;kfonK ~ Bht/A, j'o Bht/A s/<br />

;G s'A Bht/A torK ftZu gZe/ s"o go tzv fdZsk. fJ; szsq ~ T[BQK iksh Xow dk BK fdZsk<br />

s/ ;kohnK ikshnK, T[g ikshnK bJh nZv'-nZv Xow, eost, feos-ftos ns/<br />

ofjD-;fjD d/ fBoXkfos fB:wK dk ftXh-ftXkB xV fbnk. @i'fs o{g jfo# ih dh<br />

;wfdqFNh tkbh ;s:w fFtw ;z[dow ;o{g ;ot efbnkDekoh gqkfeose-gqDkbh B{z<br />

yzv-yzv eod/, wB[Zyh ;wki ftZu n;kt/A, r?oe[dosh tzv-ftsefonK B{z T[;kod/<br />

Neokt ns/ nzso iksh t?o fto'X ~ pVQktk d/Ad/ fBokoEe s/ fGqFN ohsh-fotk}K<br />

tkb/ eow eKvK B{z Xow dk nkXko wzB fbnk frnk. eosk g[oy[ iK ows-okw dh<br />

;Zuh-;[Zuh FoXk ftZu Us-g's ;kdk ;[Gkn s/ ;ob-;zs'yh nuko-ftjko tkbh b'ekJh<br />

~ gzfvsK-w"bkfDnK B/ nkgD/ vzGh Gow ikb ftZu ieV fbnk. @@jT[<br />

@jT[ Gkfb ftS[zBh<br />

j'Jh .. nkX/o? okj[ B e'Jh.## ns/ @@e{V[ nwkt; ;u[ uzdqwk dh;? Bkjh efj ufVnk.##<br />

d/<br />

jkbks pD rJ/.<br />

gqkuhBsw Gkosh ;z;feqsh, Xow s/ t?fde ;kfjs B/ pqjwk d/ w[y s'A pqkjwD,<br />

pkjtK s'A ysqh, g/N s'A t?F ns/ g?oK s'A F{do g?dk j[zfdnK dk frnkB gVQkfJnk. wB{<br />

f;fwqsh B/ T[gihtek bJh ezwK-ekoK, f;Zfynk-dhfynk, ;z;eko, eost, s/ nfXekoK<br />

;zpzXh eZNV ekB{zB gqufbs ehs/. pqkjwD B/ e/tb Xow-eow d/ ekoi ns/ yZsqhnK B/<br />

oki Gkr ;zGkbfdnK pkjob/ jwbktoK s'A d/F dh okyh eoBh ;h. t?FK B/ tkgko<br />

d[nkok nkgDh ftZsh ;woZEk ~ tXkT[D d/ Bkb-Bkb oki-nfXekohnK ~ b'VhAdk<br />

youk w[jZJhnk eoBk ns/ g[ikoh tor dhnK ;[y-;[ftXktK th dkB deFDK d/ B/wK<br />

nB[;ko T[gbGd eotkT[DhnK ;[fBFfus eoBk ;h. ;wki dh tZvh pj[frDsh F{doK<br />

B/ sK T[go'es T[u iksh xZN-frDsh dhnK fBZehnK tZvhnK ;kohnK ;/tktK ftZu jh<br />

g{oh f}zdrh r[}koBh ;h ns/ T[BQK dh gqkbGd ftZu e'Jh ;ohoe, ;wkie wkBf;e iK<br />

p"fXe T[ZBsh dh ;zGktBk B{z w{b'A jh oZd eo fdZsk frnk. fBwkfDnK, fBskfDnK s/<br />

fBnk;fonK B/ dfbs tor dh j'Dh B{z nkgDh fe;ws ;wM e/ ;theko<br />

i{B 2006<br />

fbnkHHHHsZsekbhB<br />

d/t-e[b foFhnK,<br />

ftdtkBK, okfinK-<br />

okfDnK s/ Xow d/<br />

m/e/dkoK dh fwbh-<br />

G[rs, wo}h s/<br />

nkd/FK d/ nB[e{b.<br />

s/sh eo'V<br />

d/tfsnK dh iBw<br />

G{wh fjzd[;skB dh<br />

iB-;kXkoD fwjBs<br />

eF goik, nkgD/<br />

d[oGkr dh f;Zyo ~<br />

S{zjdh gqshs j[zdh j?<br />

id'A ftd/Fh XkVthnK, pkpofenK<br />

iotkfDnK B/ wyb{eks dh nzBQh b[ZNwko s/<br />

p/-pjk nZfsnkukoK dk efjo Bk}b ehsk.<br />

;w/A d/ w[Zmh Go Xkofwe s/ okiBhse nkr{<br />

nfs fBopb, fBokFk #u v[p/ s/ ;kj ;s jhD<br />

j'J/ d/F tk;hnK ~ b'VhAdh nrtkJh s/<br />

;[oZfynk ;zGkb d/D ftZu fpbe[Zb Bk-<br />

ekw:kp oj/. ---s/ j[D @;fs ;[jkD[ ;dk wB<br />

ukT[..# ;o{g @jfo# ih dhnK @xN xN w? jfo<br />

i{ p;?#<br />

nfdqFN eoskoh ;\[osk B/ nkw-<br />

b'ekJh dh wkBf;esk ~ jb{fDnK, MzM'fVnk<br />

ns/ oZph-j[ew dh ;'Mh fdZsh L nr' d/ i/<br />

u/shn? sK ekfJs[ fwb? ;ikfJ.. joh-gqG{ ih<br />

d/ nrzwh Bkd B/ r[o{ BkBe thukoXkok,<br />

r[opkDh T[gd/F d[nkok wkBtsk dhnK<br />

;[ZshnK ebk B{z irk e/, Xow d/ eostK s/<br />

ekoi:'iBk B{z nkgD/ @j[ew# d/ nB[o{g<br />

eqKshekoh w'V fdZsk. r[o{ BkBe B/ wB[Zysk<br />

~ ;?PwkBsk, ;wkBsk, ;KMhtkbsk s/ jZe-<br />

fBnK ~ ;wofgs ;fjjA'd dh fdFk tZb<br />

;wkfie-okiBhse ftek; ns/ nkswe<br />

ftrk; dhnK ;q/FN j'DhnK dk o{jkBh okj<br />

ftykfJnk. g{opb/ XowK B/ @gkg eh izR# iK<br />

Xow dh jkBh fdnK jkbksK B{z mZbQ gkT[D<br />

16


fjZs GrtkB ih d/ ntsko XkoB dk f;XKs dZf;nk ;h, eJhnK B/ oZp d/ g[Zso dh<br />

nkwd iK gftZso-g?rzpoK dhnK f;ckoFK T[go nehdk oZyD dh skehd ehsh<br />

fJfsnkfd. r[o{ BkBe thukoXkok Gkt r[opkDh B/ iB-;kXkoD wB[ZyK d/ nzsoht<br />

fBfjs B{oh i'fs B{z gqekFwkB eofdnK d?th FeshnK B{z T[Gko e/ joh-gqG{ dh npubh<br />

;wfdqFN ftT[Aspzdh B{z nZr/ s'oB d/ t;hfbnK dh xkVs xVh L pfbjkoh r[o nkgD/<br />

fdT[jkVh ;d tko.. fifB wkD; s/ d/ts/ ehJ/ eos B bkrh tko.. Xow d/ noEK<br />

ns/ gfoGkFk ftZu Bt/A fd;jZd/ T[bhe/ rJ/. @jfo# sK nkfd ;u[ i[rkfd ;u[ j?, j? Gh<br />

;u[ s/ GftZy ftZu th ;dhth j'Ad otQ/rk. @jfo# i{BK ftZu BjhA gA?dk. T[j sK ni{Bh j?,<br />

nwo j?, nftBkFh j?!HHHHgo tkj! @jfo# eosk g[oy[ j?, nkgDh feqs ftZu fpokiwkB<br />

j?, ;ko/ ;oho T[; d/ jB, fiZE/, fiZE'A iK fit/A T[j ukjt/ T[E/, T[E'A s/ T[t/A jh Uj nkgD/<br />

GkD/ nB[;ko ekoiFhb j' T[mdk j?. @jfo#-gqG{ dh ekoi:'iBk ftZu r[o{ BkBe B/<br />

gow/;o[-w[yh j' e/ wkBttkdh T[dko, T[ZXko s/ T[ZEkB dk wkor doFB fdZsk, r[o{<br />

BkBe @jfo# ih d/ ekoiK dk ;woZE-wkfXnw j' fBpfVnk s/ r[o{ BkBe B/ ;z;ko ftZu<br />

eosk-g[oy d/ eostK B{z ;ozikw fdZsk, @jfo# d/ j[ewK B{z b'eK sZe ;[DkfJnk,<br />

Fjkds feT[A feT[A <<br />

i{B 2006<br />

uzd{ uzdo/ B/ uzd e?;k ukfVQnk nzs Bk ;h fojk efjo dk.<br />

Bhbk nzpo th ykt/ fvZe v'b/ b'eK dk fet/A fuZs mfjodk.<br />

BjhA gKXhnK d/ wB ed/ fgxb/, fJj sK ikD/ ;koh d[BhnK.<br />

p/Vk gkg dk jh gkghnK B{z v'p/, ;Zu fejk foFh w[BhnK.<br />

ikD/ w[Zb eh T[j nkp/-j:ks dk, fojk i' tgkoh }fjo dk.<br />

uzd{ uzdo/ B/ uzd e?;k ukfVQnk, nzs Bk ;h fojk efjo dk.<br />

r[o{ noiB fgnk rzqE pDkt/, fdZbh ik e/ fejk u[rbK.<br />

iD/ yD/ B{z T[j rb Bkb bkt/, iVQhA s/b d/T{ w[rbK.<br />

Fkj ezBK dk eZuk fgnk p[VQe/, ikD{z Bk ;h f;Zy bfjo dk.<br />

uzd{ uzdo/HHHHHHHHH<br />

pkrh y[;o' th fJBQK f;o ukfVQnk Fkj B{z fJj rZb iZu rJh.<br />

j'fJnk y{B dk fgnk;k ;Zu/ r[oK dk, fdZbh @u d[jkJh wZu rJh.<br />

n?;k ;pe f;ykT{A fJBQK ek\oK, bZr{ gsk ;kv/ t?o dk.<br />

uzd{ uzdo/HHHHHHHHHHHHHH<br />

uzd{ bJh sK fJj Fkjh c[owkB, e[Zp/ B{z bZs ok; nk rJh.<br />

fijVh xVh B{z T[vhedk ;h fuoQK s'A wkB' nZi gk; nk rJh.<br />

g[S{z ;ke w'V dZ; s?A eh yZfNnk< y[FhnK #u fco/ s?odk.<br />

uzd{ uzdo/ B/ uzd n?;k ukfVQnk, nzs Bk ;h fojk efjo dk.<br />

Bhbk nzpo th ykt/ fvZe v'b/ b'eK dk fet/A fuZs mfjodk.<br />

fgqzL okw f;zx, uh\ nkor/BkJh}o, r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ;NZvh ;oeb<br />

gftZso fB:wK dh ;'Mh fdZsh ns/ r[o-rZdh<br />

dhnK f}zw/tkohnK B{z fuo ;EkJh pDkB bJh<br />

;u/ Xow B{z ;z;Ekrs o{g gqdkB ehskHH i'fs<br />

o{fg jfo nkfg r[o{ BkBe[ ejkfJT[.. sk s/<br />

nzrd[ G:T[ ss f;T[ ss[ fwbk:T[..<br />

Gkosh ;wki ftub/,<br />

;'Jh pqjwD[ g{iD i[rs[..# tor ftu'A e'FF<br />

foFh dh ;zskB s/ ;o;Psh Bdh d/ ezfYnK d/<br />

izwgb, ;Zu dh y'i ftZu fBeb/ GZN pqkjwD,<br />

tfoQnK dh GNeDk wro'A id'A fpnk;k dfonk<br />

d/ ezY/ r'fJzdtkb fty/ gzit/A BkBe ih d/<br />

dopko gj[zu/ sK HHHH<br />

@;' pqkjwD[ i'<br />

fpzd? pqjw[.. ig[ sg[ ;ziw[ ewkt? eow[.. ;hb<br />

;zs'y ek oy? Xow[.. pzXB s'V? j't? w[es[..<br />

g{oB G' wB mT[o p;' o; pk;B<br />

f;T[ i[ djz fdf; Xk:T[..<br />

r'fpzd tkb[ r'fpzd g[oh<br />

;w ibQB shfo fpgk; pBk:T[..<br />

r:T[ d[y[ d{fo poyB e'<br />

;[ r[o{ w[y[ d/fy r[o{ ;[y[ gk:T[..<br />

ftdtkB pqkjwD GZNK B/ gow-ssP dh<br />

J/esk, g{oh i/?ftesk dh fJe' ;zrbh ns/<br />

ftF/F o{g ftZu gqkDh wksq dh ;wkBsk<br />

;BwkBsk s/ pokposk d/ Bkb Bkb ;opZs d/<br />

Gb/ bJh g{ik-nouBk-nodk;K ;zpzXh<br />

T[b/y-nkd/F sK t/dK, noB:keK,<br />

T[gfBFdK, t/dKsK nkfd ftu'A gVQ/-;[D/ j'J/<br />

;B go @ejfsnj ejsh ;[Dh ojs e' y[;h B<br />

nk:T[..# nB[;ko nfij/ JhFtoh-r[DtZsk<br />

Gog{o ;wkfie tosko/ dh j'Ad feXo/ B}o<br />

BjhA ;h nkJh. r[o{ noiB ;kfjp d/ dopko<br />

fty/ T[BQK T[es f;XKsK d/ T[gd/F ns/ nwb<br />

dk tk;sfte toskok nZyhA fvZmk, fit/A jfo<br />

gqG{ nkg nkgDh f;oiBk ~ ;ztko-;zGkb<br />

fojk j't/, fit/A @jfo# ih nkgD/ j[ew-o}kJh<br />

ekoi e"Fb B{z ;w[Zuh f;qFNh sZe gj[zukDk<br />

b'ud/ j'D. r[o{ dopko fty/ @ ;G ;[ykbh<br />

t[mhnk fJj[ j'nk jb/wh oki[ ihT[..#<br />

dh<br />

17


ftek; gqfefonk, @;dk ftrk;# B{z nkrkjK e{ sqKxdh nfdqFN @jfo# gqG{ dh ;\[osk,<br />

;zrs gzrs ;KMhtkbsk, ;fjBFhbsk, ;[fjodsk, ;opZs d/ Gb/ ~ bkr{ eod/<br />

r[opkDh-T[gd/F d/ o{g ftZu fdqFNwkB j' ojh j?. Bt T[;kohnK d/ ekoi, feZsk-<br />

e[Fbsk s/ S'N/ T[d:'rK B{z gq's;kjB, tkgkoe ;j{bsK bJh tZy-tZy p}ko s/ eZNV/,<br />

f;js ;/tktK s/ fBo'r itkBh bJh wZb-nykV/, ftd/Fh b[N/fonK,XkVthnK d/<br />

w[ekpb/ t/b/ ;t?wkD-;[oZfynk s/ ;wkfie-okiBhse ;woZEk bJh F;soK s/ x'fVnK<br />

dh yohddkoh bJh f;ZyK B/ d/FK-ftd/FK B{z ikDk, ;op-gZyh ;ohoe, ;wkfie, ftZsh,<br />

wkBf;e s/ p"fXe ftek; dhnK rshftXhnK @jfo#-gqG{ dh jh ekoi:'iBk dk gqdoFB<br />

gqrN j' fojk j?.HHHH fit/A @ s{z ;kMk ;kfjp[ pkg[ jwkok#<br />

B/, fpBK fe;/ iks gks toD<br />

nkFow, e[b tzF tor ozr B;bh G/d Gkt d/, nkgD/ ;ko/ pZfunK dh ;[n;E-fpt;Ek<br />

dh ;[fBFfussk bJh wB[Zyh-feodko d/ Bt-fBowkD tk;s/ eoskoh-feogkb{<br />

eostK-eoDhnK dh ekoiFkbk brk oyh j't/ L @ wT[bh Xosh wT[fbnk nek;[..<br />

xfN xfN wT[fbnk nksw gqrk;[..# d/ feqFwJh gow/Ftoh eostK dh ;[\bsk,<br />

gq\[Zbsk s/ ;\bsk d/ ;Bw[y ;u[ d/ ;funko-Y{zvkT{nK B/, r[o{ noiB d/t ih d/<br />

ftneshst, ekoiK, eostK, feqsK s/ feqFfwnK ftZu @jfo# d/ ;kfynks doFBK B{z<br />

nB[Gt ehsk. GZN wE[ok ih B/ @gqrN i'fs irwr? s/i[ G{n wzvfb Sk:T[..# d/ dhdko<br />

eofdnK, d?Ps d/ ;kfonK G/dK B{z BkF j[zdk fvmk, nd?Ps g{oB pqjw joh B{z r[o{ noi[B<br />

d/ fjod? EkDh gqekFwkB j[zdk t/fynk L fJj gXfs s/ ws u{efj o/ o/ wB G/d[ fpG/d[ B<br />

ikB phnT[.. gosfS fod? r[o noi[B e? jfo g{oB pqjfw fBtk;[ bhnT[.. bhnT[..HHHH ns/<br />

fJ; gftZso gqwksw fB:w B{z uzrh soQK ;wM-p[ZM fbnk fe fi; B/ th wB, puBK d/<br />

eowK eoe/ joh-gqG{ B{z gSkD fbnk j?, T[j joh tork jh j' frnk j?, joh dk o{g jh j'<br />

frnk j?, joh jh j' frnk j?!<br />

nfij/ gqhs-;zi'rh y[FhnK-y/fVnK tkb/ tksktoD ftueko o[DM[D' Fpd<br />

nBkjd d/ ;o{o ftZu nbw;s, nrzwh B{oh feoBK dh Skt/A, nEkj-nS'j dhnK S'jK<br />

d\so ;eZso, e/Adoh }'B, b[fXL<br />

ftfdnkoEh, n?wHJ/H Gkr d{ik,<br />

t'eb fwT{f}e, okwrVQhnk rob} ekbi, b[fXnkDk<br />

i{B 2006<br />

joehos e"o*<br />

Bkb ;oFko, wyw{o s/ ft;wkdh nBzd dh<br />

nefj-neE nfGftnesh B{z GZN wE[ok ih B/<br />

nkgD/ w[ykofpzd s'A fJzM fpnkfBnk L<br />

XofB rrB Bt yzv wfj<br />

i'fs ;Po{gh ofjU Gfo..<br />

GfB wE[ok eS[ G/d[ Bjh<br />

r[[o[ noi[B[ gosyQ jfo..‰..<br />

Xosh, nkekF s/ BA" yzvK ftZu ft;fsqs<br />

ftnkfge nfdqFN nfdZy nrzw nr'uoh<br />

;{yw nfws'i gow ;Zsk dk jh ;E{b doFB,<br />

r[o{ noiB ih okjhA gqrN j' fojk j?HHHHHr[o[<br />

noiB[ gosyQ jfoHHHHHgo'eF @jfo# dk<br />

gosyF o{g r[o{ noi[B j? ns/ r[o{ noi[B<br />

dk ;{yFw iK go'eF ;o{g @jfo# j?!<br />

nfij/ dkoFfBe ftukoK dk T[b/y<br />

r[opkDh ftZu nB/eK ;zdoGK ftZu T[gbGd<br />

j?.<br />

:Ek L ss[ fBoziB[ i'fs ;pkJh<br />

;'jz G/d[ B e'Jh ihT[..<br />

(;'ofm wL ƒ)<br />

sEk L ;fsr[o[ d/T[ gosfy jfo w{ofs<br />

i' nzfwqs puB ;[Dkt?..<br />

(gzBk L ƒ„ˆ†)<br />

efjzd/ B/ fe r[o{ noiB d/t ih Fk;soh ;zrhs d[nkok joh ehosB dh fJzBh wX[o X[BhA bkT[Ad/<br />

;h fe pkdFkj nepo s/ ;zrhs ;wokN skB;/B th ;[D/ fpBK T[E'A bzx BjhA ;ed/ ;B. T[; gqG{ dh<br />

B{okBh i's dk jh nzF XzB r[o{ noiB d/t ih B/ fJT[A sK nkgD/ ekb #u pj[s e"se ehs/ go ;G s'A<br />

tZvk s/ ;dhth ezw r[o{ ih B/ ;qh r[o{ rzqE ;kfjp ;zgkfds eoe/ ehsk.<br />

31<br />

okrK ftZu ofus fJj nBw'b y}kBk do-n;b r[o{nK d/ w[y'A T[; gqG{ dh T[;ss ftZu<br />

c[ZfNnk MoBk j? toBD:'r BjhA go fJj ehosB sK ;"rks j? T[; gqG{ dh fi; dh nkozGsk r[o{ BkBe<br />

d/t ih s'A j'Jh s/ wodkB/ fwok;h B{z nkgD/ ozr ftZu ozr e/ GkJh wodkBk opkph pDke/ fJ; opkph<br />

gozgok Bkb ehosB dh X[Bh B{z j'o ;fji pDkfJnk, fijVh ;otD eofdnK jh fdb ftZu y[ZG iKdh.<br />

fJ; ;Vdh-sgdh Xosh d/ wB[ZyK s/ ehosB dh mzv, T[; nekb i's r[o{ BkBe B/ toskJh s/ r[o{<br />

BkBe dh irkJh fJj i's nZi sZe fBozso j?.<br />

go feT[A fJj pkDh okrK ftZu doi j?<<br />

feT[Afe okr wkfXnw j? T[; Fpd r[o{ Bkb ;[os i'VB<br />

dk, T[; Gktg{ote X[Bh Bkb nkgD/ wB B{z fBoftuko eoe/ e/tb T[; @fJe# d/ fuzsB dk. fi; soQK<br />

fgnko d/ eJh ozr-o{g, eJh foFs/ j[zd/ jB fJ;/ soQK T[; gqG{ B{z th jo fJe B/ nkgD/ Yzr Bkb fgnko<br />

ehsk s/ nB/e Gkt, okr d/ o{g ftZu T[gi/.<br />

ftok;s ftZu fwfbnk fgT[-dkd/ dk fJj nBw'b ]}kBk-fJj ehosB, fJe ;dhth g[eko j?fe<br />

jo f;Zy xo ftZu'A ehosB dh fJj ;fji X[zB ;dhnK-;dhnK sZe fBozso r{zidh oj/.<br />

18


i;tzs f;zx @nwB#*<br />

fgSb/ nze ftZu n;hA gzikp d/ ftfdnkoEhnK ftZu Beb d/<br />

o[MkB ns/ ezghfNNt fJwfsjkBK ftZu gzikph ftfdnkoEhnK dh Bk-wkso ;\bsk pko/<br />

uouk ehsh ;h. j[D/-j[D/ ;zx b'e ;/tk nk:'r tb'A nkJhHJ/Hn?;H d/ BshfinK dk n?bkB<br />

ehsk frnk j?. i' ydF/ n;hA T[; b/y ftZu gqrN ehs/ ;B T[j brGr T[t/A d/ T[t/A jh g{o/<br />

T[so/ jB. gzikp ftZu' e/tb fJe gqhfynkoEh ;\b gqhfynkoEhnK dh ;{uh ftZu j?. jK! i/<br />

uzvrVQ #u ofjzd/ gqhfynkoEhnK dh frDsh thz gzikp ftZu eo bJhJ/ sK fJj frDsh e[M<br />

tZX ;edh j?. go fJ; rZb tZb fXnkB d/D dh b'V j? fe i' fJe wkso ;\bsk gzikp d/<br />

yks/ ftZu nkJh j?, T[; dk gzikp dh ftfdne gqDkbh dh gqGktFhbsk Bkb e'Jh ;zpzX BjhA<br />

j?, fJBQK B/ nkgDh ;koh f;Zfynk-ekBt?AN iK gqkJht/N ;z;EktK ftZu bJh j?.<br />

r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh Fjkds dh u"Eh Fskpdh wBkT[Ad/ j'J/ fiE/ tZv/ S'N/ ;wkrw<br />

j'D/ jB T[E/ ihtB B{z gZe/ g?ohA gkT[D bJh th :sB eoB/ ukjhd/ jB. e[M gqshFs b'e sK<br />

fBebD/ ukjhd/ jB i' @wB BhtK wfs T[Zuh# eo e/ d{finK bJh nkdoF g/F eoB.<br />

ftdtkBK dh J/no ezvhFzBv ewfonK ftZu pfj e/ }whBh jehes dk fpnkB eoB dh<br />

nkds B/ gzikph ;wki bJh e'Jh o"FBh dh feoD BjhA SZvh. ;opZs dk Gbk ns/ uVQdh<br />

ebk wzrD tkbh e"w dh fJj jkbs feT[A<<br />

fJ; dk fJe' fJe gqw[Zy ekoD B}o nkT[Adk j?-T[j j? ;kvk nkgD/ r[o{ dh f;Zfynk s'A<br />

N[ZN ikDk, r[owfs B{z fsnkr e/ wBws B{z nkgDh ihtB iku pDk b?Dk. r[o{ BkBe d/t ih<br />

B/ ;kB{z fszB w[ZYb/ n;{b dZ;/ ;B-Bkw igDk, feos eoBh, ns/ tzv SeDk. Gkt/A d/yD B{z<br />

n;hA fJj ;G e[M eo oj/ jK-fezBhnK ;[;kfJNhnK pD rJhnK jB i' xo-xo Bkw igD d/<br />

eA?g bk ojhnK jB < feos eoB dk ;zebg ;kv/ ihtB ftZu'A g{oh soQK nb'g j' u[Zek j? fi;<br />

d/ Bshi/ ti'A gzikp dk S'N/ s'A S'N/ fe;kB gqtk;h w}d{oK T[Zs/ fBoGo eo fojk j? ns/ Ffjo<br />

dh S'Nh S'Nh s'A ;[nkDh nkgD/ xo/b{ ezwK bJh gqtk;h ezw eoB tkbhnK #s/ fBoGo j?.<br />

@@j;zfdnk y/bzfdnk g?Bzfdnk yktzfdnk ftu/ j't? w[efs..##<br />

dk rbs noE eZYd/ j'J/<br />

n;hA ;Zuh ;[Zuh d;K-Bjz[nK dh feos s'A g{oh soQK fJBekoh j' u[Ze/ jK. fGqFNkuko ;kv/ y{B<br />

ftZu fJzBk ou frnk j? fe e'Jh ezw foFts fdZs/ fpBK f;o/ BjhA uVQdk. ;kvk tzv SeD dk<br />

;zebg nkgD/ w{b o{g s'A pj[s fEVe frnk j?. nkw ;zrs dhnK gzrsK @@rzd/## b'eK dhnK<br />

gzrsK Bkb'A nZv br ojhnK jB. Gkt/A n;hA th o'} jh fJE'A bzro Sed/ j'JhJ/, go b'Vtzd<br />

rohpK B{z dotk}/ s'A jh d[oeko fdZsk iKdk j? fJj efj e/ @@fJj sK o'} jh nk iKd/ jB##.<br />

;kv/ ;kfonK dh wkBf;esk T[go'es sohe/ Bkb (e[M xZN e[M tZX) d{fFs j' u[Zeh j?.<br />

r[opkDh dk ;po ;zs'y dk ;pe n;hA g{oh soQK ft;ko fdZsk j?. n;hA gkm sK (o'} jh) eod/<br />

jK @@fpBk ;zs'y Bjh e'T{ oki?##<br />

go ;zs'y B{z nkgD/ ihtB ftZu ngBkT[D dk e'Jh T[gokbk<br />

BjhA eod/. gdkofEe ;zgBsk dh j'V B/ ;kB{z eof}nK tZb gq/fos ehsk j?. i' ne;o xo<br />

ftZu eb/F ns/ nkyo y[de[FhnK s/ esbK ftZu fBpVd/ jB. fe;kBK dhnK y[de[FhnK<br />

ftZu th eo}dko j'Dk-f;oc nkgDh N"jo fdykD ns/ ukdo s'A pkjo g?o g;koB dh<br />

nkds ekoD fJZe w[Zy ekoD j?. FfjoK ftZu fJj ;'u fGqFNkuko s/ }[ow ~ Ffj fdzdh j?, i'<br />

fpibh dk e[B?eFB b?D s'A B"eohnK b?D sZe ihtB d/ jo/e gZy #s/ Gko{{ j?. nfXnkge th<br />

fJ;/ ;wki dk fjZ;k j[zd/ j'J/ nkgDk fjZ;k feT[A SZvD< ;' wfjzrhnK fNT{FBK d/ eA/do jo y{zi/<br />

ftZu d/y/ ik ;ed/ jB. fJ;/ wkBf;esk #u'A T[gidk s/ gqc[Zbs j[zdk j? BebK dk f;bf;bk.<br />

i{B 2006<br />

ftuko nkg'-nkgDk<br />

Fskpdh wBkT[AfdnK ;'uhJ/<br />

ftneshrs B?fsesk-e[M B[es/<br />

*iBob ;eZso, ;kfjseko ;dB<br />

r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ;NZvh ;oeb<br />

e[b fwbk e/ ftneshrs B?fsesk e/tb gkm eo b?D<br />

iK r[od[nko/$wzdo ikD sZe jh f;wN rJh j?. wksk-<br />

fgsk e'b ;wK BjhA j? fe T[j pZfunK ~ ;wK d/ ;eD.<br />

T[jBK ftZu T[j B?fse ;woZEk BjhA j? fe T[j pZfunK B{z<br />

B?fsesk dk gkm gVQkT[D feT[Afe T[jBK d/ nkgD/<br />

ihtB ftZu B?fsesk dh g{oh soQK nDj'Ad j?. nkgDh<br />

jo ewh ~ T[j g?;/ dh uwe dwe Bkb YZeD dh e'fFF<br />

ftZu jB.<br />

gq'c?;o g{oB f;zx B/ fejk ;h @@gzikp B fjzd{ B<br />

w[;bwkB. gzikp fiT[Adk r[oK d/ BK #s/.## fit/A gfjbK<br />

fejk frnk j? fe n;hA r[o{nK dh f;Zfynk s'A N[ZN u[Ze/ jK.<br />

fJ;/ eoe/ gzikph ;fGnkuko, gzikph nkofEesk woB<br />

feBko/ gJh j?. b'V j? T[j f;Zfynk w[V rqfjD eoB ns/<br />

rqfjD eoe/ ihtB ftZu T[skoB dh. r[o c[owkB j?<br />

@@ftfdnk thukoh sK goT[gekoh## ftfdnk d/ ukDB<br />

d/ fpBK ;kv/ bJh e'Jh okj BjhA j?. ftfdnk i' j[D e/tb<br />

wfjzr/ ;e{bK sZe jh s/ e[M ;kXB ;zgzB b'eK sZe jh<br />

;hws j' rJh j?, ~ nkw nkdwh dh gj[zu ftZu<br />

fbnkT[Dk nfs }o{oh j?. fJ; bJh ;kB{z w[\s fpibh<br />

gkDh bJh BjhA, ftfdne YKu/ ftZu ;[Xko bJh bkwpZX<br />

j'Dk gt/rk. ;oeko ~ e[zGeoDh BhAd #u'A eZYDk gt/rk<br />

fe T[j g/Av{ y/soK ftZu ftfdnk gj[zukD bJh nkgDh<br />

f}zw/tkoh g{oh eo/. b'VhAdh frDsh ftZu nfXnkge<br />

Gosh eo/ s/ ;e{bK ~ b'VhAdk ;oekoh ;woEB d/Dk<br />

ikoh oZy/. fJj T[; dh ;zftXkfBe f}zw/tkoh j?.<br />

fJ; s'A th }o{oh j? fe n;hA ;ko/ nkgDhnK nZyK<br />

s'A T[gG'rsktkd dh wkfJnkth ueKu"AX jNk e/ nkgD/<br />

ihtB ftZu ;kdrh ngDkJhJ/. pZfunK B{z ;kdrh dh<br />

f;Zfynk dJhJ/ ns/ nkgDh ukdo nB[;ko g?o g;koB/<br />

f;ZyhJ/. fJ; bJh r[opkDh s'A fpBK ;kvk e'Jh nk;ok<br />

BjhA. r[opkDh ~ gVQhJ/, thukohJ/ ns/ nkgD/ ihtB<br />

ftZu YkbhJ/. nZi n;hA @@wkfJnk wwsk w'jDh fifB<br />

ftD[ dzsk ir[ ykfJnk..## dh bg/N ftZu nk u[Ze/ jK<br />

fi; s'A S[Nekok e/tb s/ e/tb pkDh gVQB s/ ftukoB<br />

Bkb jh j' ;edk j? . j[ew j? L<br />

fiB`h gSksk j[ew[ fsB` ed/ B o'tDk..<br />

BkT[ BkBe py;h; wB wkfj go'tDk..<br />

19


iBw<br />

nkg ih dk iBw 15 ngq?b, ;zB 1563 JhL B{z ;qh r'fJzdtkb ;kfjp, f}bQk<br />

nzfwqs;o ;kfjp fty/ j'fJnk. nkg ih d/ fgsk ih ;qh r[o{ okw dk; ih ns/ wksk GkBh<br />

ih ;B. nkg ih dh ;[gsBh dk Bkw wksk rzrk ih ;h. nkg ih d/ xo fJZe ;g[Zso B/<br />

iBw fbnk fi; dk Bkw (r[o{) jor'fpzd (;kfjp ih) oZfynk frnk.<br />

pugB<br />

pugB s'A jh nkg ih B{z f;Zyh tk:{ wzvb ftZu jo gqeko dh Xkofwe s/ nksfwe<br />

f;Zfynk fwb ojh ;h. ;qh r[o{ nwodk; ih B/ fJ; j'Djko pkbe dhnK rZbK s/ y/vK<br />

d/ye/ gSkD fbnk ;h fe fJj @e'Jh tZvk g[oy j? Gkoh# Gkoh#. fJe j'o eEB nB[;ko r[o{<br />

nwodk; ih B/ @d'fjsk pkDh ek p'fjEk#<br />

dh GftZys pkDh th ehsh.<br />

ftZfdnk<br />

;qL fgoEh f;zx*<br />

r[ow[yh nZyo nkg{z r[o{ nwodk; ih B/ f;ykJ/. d/y-o/y pkpk p[ZYk ih eo oj/<br />

;B. w'joh ih B/ rfDs ftfdnk f;ybkJh. d/t Bkroh fgzv dh Xow;kbk s'A f;Zyh.<br />

;z;feqs dk frnkB gzfvs p/Dh e'b'A f;Zfynk. pkpk w'jB ih B/ fXnkB brkT[D dh<br />

ftXh f;ykJh. r[o{ noiB d/t ih B/ jo ftfdnk #s/ ekp{ gk fbnk ;h. nkg ih B/<br />

fuZsoekoh th f;Zy bJh ;h ns/ T[;koh s/ fFbg ebk ftZu th fBg[zB j' rJ/ ;B.<br />

jfowzdo ;kfjp, soBskoB, vZph pk}ko bkj"o, pkT[bh ;kfjp s/ dhtkB ]kBk,<br />

eoskog[o (fibQk ibzXo) dk FhF wjZb ns/ T[BQK d[nkok brkJ/ pkra Y[ZethnK<br />

T[dkjoDK jB. x'V ;tkoh d/ nkg ih wkfjo ;B. B/}k pk}h T[BQK torh e'Jh ikDdk<br />

BjhA ;h. ;/tk ftZu i[ZN/ ofjzd/ ;B.<br />

nzfwqs;o ftZu<br />

(r[o{) noiB d/t ih r[opkDh s/ gquko tZb pj[s fXnkB d/Ad/ ;B. bzro dh<br />

o;d, wkfJnk s/ w;zdK okjhA pkjo'A nkJh wkfJnk dk fj;kp fgqEh uzd ih oZyd/ ;B.<br />

(r[o{) noiB d/t ih f;oc ;/tk jh nkgDk w[Zy wzst ;wMd/ ;B. wjKd/t ih fJBQK B{z<br />

ybirD efjzd/ ;B s/ ;kok ;wK (nshs) t?okrh o{g ftZu r[}kod/ ;B.<br />

r[o{ rZdh dh gqkgsh<br />

;qh r[o{ okwdk; ih, u"E/ r[o{ d[nkok nkg ih ftub/ r[DK, ;/tk-;zgzBsk, fsnkr,<br />

db/oh, frnkB ns/ e[opkBh d/ i}fpnK ns/ r[orZdh ;zGkbD dh :'rsk ;dek 1<br />

;szpo, ;zB 1581 Jh;th B{z nkg ih B{z r[orZdh dh ;/tk ;zGkb fdZsh. r[o{ ih dh T[wo<br />

T[; ;w/A 18 ;kb 4 wjhB/ dh ;h. nkg ih fJ; r[osk rZdh #s/ 30 wJh, ;zB 1606 JhL<br />

sZe fpokiwkB oj/.<br />

fgqEh uzd B/ Bkek-pzdh eo fdZsh<br />

fgqEh uzd B/ r[o{-xo dh Bkek-pzdh eo fdZsh. fgqEh uzd s/ T[; d/ j'o bkrhnK B/<br />

;Zs/ s/ pbtzv opkphnK B{z u[Ze u[ek ehsk fe @@s[jkv/ ekoB jh sK fJj r[o{ pfDnk p?mk<br />

i{B 2006<br />

r[o{ noiB d/t ih<br />

ihtB ns/ T[geko<br />

j?.## T[BQK B/ ehosB eoB s'A fJBeko eo<br />

fdZsk. r[o{ noiB d/t ih nkg wBkT[D bJh<br />

rJ/ go T[jBK T[bN/ g[bN/ p'b r[o{ BkBe d/t<br />

ih dh FkB s/ r[o{ ;kfjp d/ fto[ZX p'b/.<br />

r[o{ ih B/ ;zrs B{z ][d ehosB eoB dh<br />

gq/oBk fdZsh s/ fejk fe ;Zsk s/ pbtzv gk;'A<br />

e'Jh ehosB Bk ;[D/. r[o{ ih B/ nkg f;ozdk b?<br />

e/ ehosB eoB dh nrtkJh ehsh. ;Zs/ s/<br />

pbtzv B{z id'A nkgDh rbsh dk nfj;k;<br />

j'fJnk sK GkJh bZXk goT[gekoh r[o{ ih gk;<br />

fywK wzrtkT[D bJh b? e/ nkJ/.<br />

GkJh r[odk; ih dk nkT[Dk<br />

GkJh r[odk; ih nkro/ fty/ rJ/ j'J/<br />

;B ns/ r[opkDh dk gquko eo oj/ ;B. T[j<br />

1583 Jh;th d/ nkozG ftZu ;qh nzfwqs;o<br />

;kfjp fty/ f;Zy ;zrsK ;w/s r[o doFB fjZs<br />

g[Zi/. bzro toskT[D ;w/A id d' d' S'fbnK d/<br />

jh gqFkd/ oZy/ rJ/ sK j?okB j'J/. gfjbK T[j<br />

r[o{ bzro ftZu fxU, w?dk, fBZs tosdk<br />

d/yd/ oj/ ;B. T[BQK nkfrnk b? e/ b'eK ftZu<br />

gJhnK rbs-cfjwhnK B{z d{o eoBk F[o{<br />

ehsk. T[j j'o T[Zx/ f;ZyK B{z Bkb b? nzfwqs;o<br />

s'A pkjo ik fNe/ s/ jo nkT[D tkb/ B{z ;qh r[o{<br />

noiB d/t ih dh pko/ dZ; gkJh ns/ fgqEh<br />

uzd ih tb'A r[o{ xo fto[ZX ;k}FK dk gki<br />

T[xkfVnk.<br />

d;tzX dh wfo:kdk<br />

*;N/N ;eZso, gzikp<br />

r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ;NZvh ;oeb<br />

r[o{ xo d/ ekoiK B{z fBozso ikoh oZyD<br />

ns/ b'VtzdK dh wZdd eoB bJh r[o{ noiB<br />

d/t ih B/ r[of;ZyK bJh d;tzX dh wfo:kdk<br />

pzBQh. fJj wkfJnk T[; ;w/A d/ w;zd ;zrsK gk;'A<br />

fJeZmh eoe/, r[o{ ;kfjp e'b gj[zukT[Ad/ ;B.<br />

;qh jfowzdo ;kfjp nzfwqs;o dh T[;koh<br />

;zB 1588 Jh;th, iBtoh dh fszB<br />

20


(wkxh tkb/ fdB) nkg ih B/ ;qh nzfwqs;o ;kfjp ih d/ e/Ado ftZu, ;qh jfowzdo ;kfjp<br />

dh T[;koh bJh T[; dh BhAj w[;bwkB ceho ;KJhA whnK who ih gk;'A oytkJh. ;qh<br />

jfowzdo ;kfjp d/ pDB Bkb f;Zyh dk e/Ado w}p{s j' frnk. fJE/ jo t/b/ r[opkDh dk<br />

gkm ns/ ehosB j[zdk ofjzdk j?. fJ; n;EkB B{z r'bvB N?Agb efjDk tZvh G[Zb ns/<br />

nfrnkBsk j?. fJj ;Zuyzv ;qh jfowzdo ;kfjp ih j?. fJ; d/ uko dotk}/ fdFk ofjs<br />

oZy/ rJ/ jB fi; Bkb g{op gZSw nkfd fdFktK dk MrVk jh w[Zek fdZsk ns/ fJ; B{z<br />

;op ;KMk ns/ ;op b'ekJh bJh gow gftZso n;EkB pDk fdZsk.<br />

soB skoB Bro dh T[;koh<br />

T[; fJbke/ ftZu gquko B j'D eoe/ w[;bwkBK s/ yk; eoe/ ;yh ;otoK dk gquko<br />

tZX fojk ;h. ;otohnK d/ e/Ado d/ B/V/ jh r[o{ ih B/ BtK Bro ;zB 1590 Jh;th ftZu<br />

t;kfJnk fi; dk Bkw soB skoB oZfynk frnk. fJ; Bro d/ pDB Bkb ;otohnK<br />

d/ gquko B{z pVh u'N tZih. ;otohnK B/ fJbke/ d/ jkewK B{z u[Zfenk. fJbke/ d/ jkew<br />

B{o dhB d/ g[Zso nwho dhB B/ T[j gZehnK fJZNK i' soB skoB ;o'to bJh nkJhnK<br />

;B, }pod;sh T[mk e/ nkgDh jt/bh B{z btk bJhnK. go r[o{ ih T[;/ i'F s/ T[sFkj<br />

Bkb e/Ado B{z pDkT[D tZb i[ZN/ oj/. soB skoB d/ pDkT[D t/b/ r[o{ ih B/V/ d/ fgzvK<br />

ftu gquko fjZs th iKd/ oj/. yv{o, r'fJzdtkb, ;ojkbh s/ ykBg[o sZe rJ/. soB<br />

skoB fty/ jh gfjbk e'jVh-xo pDkfJnk.<br />

eoskog[o Bro t;kT[Dk<br />

;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih soB skoB dh T[;koh s'A ftjb/ j' e/ d[nkp/ tZb rJ/.<br />

d[nkp/ ftZu tfjw-gq;sh dk pj[s }'o ;h. ejhnK iKdhnK BhthnK iksK d/ b'eK B/<br />

fJ;bkw Xow B{z ngDk fbnk ;h, feT[Afe T[; okjhA ;wki ftZu T[BQK dh edo tZXdh<br />

;h. r[o{ ih B/ T[; gk;/ th fXnkB fdZsk ns/ d[nkp/ ftZu th gquko e/Ado pDkT[D dk<br />

c?;bk ehsk. ;zB 1593 Jh;th B{z r[o{ noiB d/t ih B/ eoskog[o dh BhAj oZyh.<br />

eoskog[o jh wksk rzrk ih d/ BK dk y{j brtkfJnk, fi; B{z rzr;o efjzd/ jB.<br />

fJbke/ d/ fJ; gquko d"o/ ftZu GkJh wzM fijk ;yh ;otoK dk iE/dko r[o{ ih dh FoB<br />

ftZu nkfJnk s/ f;Zyh dk seVk gqukoe pfDnk.<br />

r[o{ jfor'fpzd ih d/ Bkw s/ S/-joNk T[;koBk<br />

seohpB fJe ;kb d[nkp/ ftZu gquko eoe/ r[o{ ih B/ 1594 Jh;th B{z tvkbh<br />

tZb gquko eoBk F[o{ ehsk. nkg ih B/ gZek fNekDk tvkbh oZfynk s/ T[E'A jh gquko<br />

eoB bJh iKd/ ;B. 19 i{B, ;zB 1595 Jh;th B{z r[o{ jfor'fpzd ih dk iBw tvkbh<br />

fty/ j'fJnk.<br />

fJBQK jh ;kbK ftZu gzikp ftZu fJe pj[s tZvk ekb fgnk. pkoF Bk j'D eoe/<br />

y/shnK wkohnK rJhnK. y{j th pj[s xZN ;B. r[o{ ih B/ y{j g[NtkT[D dh w[fjzw F[o{<br />

ehsh. r[o{ ih B/ tes dh b'V B{z w[Zy oZy e/ fJe-joN/ y{j dh EK d[-joN/, u[-joN/ y{j<br />

btkT[D/ F[o{ ehs/. fJ;/ s}op/ B{z ekw:kp eoB bJh r[o{ ih B/ tvkbh d/ bkr/ gZSw<br />

tZb S/ joNK (S/-joNk) tkbk y{j btkfJnk. T[E/ j[D fJe gqf;ZX r[od[nkok ;kfjp j?.<br />

bkj"o ftZu r[L pkT[bh ;kfjp pDkT[Dk<br />

r[o{ ih B{z ]poK g[Zi ojhnK ;B fe bkj"o dh jkbs fJ; ekb eoe/ pj[s jh<br />

fuzsk-iBe s/ fGnkBe Feb n]fsnko eo ojh j?. ;wekbh fJfsjk; nB[;ko,<br />

i{B 2006<br />

@@G[Zy s/ phwkohnK d/ ekoB bkj"o Ffjo<br />

dhnK rbhnK ns/ pk}ko w[ofdnK Bkb Go/<br />

ofjzd/ ;B. T[jBK B{z Ffjo ftZu'A u[Ze e/ pkjo<br />

dZpD, ;kVB dk gqpzX th BjhA ;h.## fJsBh<br />

G?Vh jkbs bkj"o dh j' rJh fe nepo B{z<br />

nkg w"e/ T[Zs/ th nkT[Dk fgnk.<br />

;zB 1597 Jh;th ftZu r[o{ ih th bkj"o<br />

g[Zi/. d;tzX dh oew ekch iwQK j' rJh ;h.<br />

r[o{ ih B/ b'VtzdK B{z ;jkfJsk gjz[ukT[Dh F[o{<br />

ehsh. ;dk-pos bzro ikoh eo fdZs/.<br />

fBnk;fonK s/ fBEkftnK B{z fNekDk d/D<br />

bJh u{Bk wzvh ftZu fJwkos dk ezw F[o{ eo<br />

fdZsk. vZph p}ko ftZu pkT[bh pDkT[Dh F[o{<br />

ehsh. fJBQK T[;koh d/ ezwK ekoB p/o[}rkoK<br />

B{z ezw fwbD/ F[o{ j'J/ s/ f;o S[gkD tk;s/ EK<br />

pD rJh.<br />

w[od/ u[ZeD, ;kVB s/ dpkT[D dk ezw<br />

r[o{ ih B/ nkg ehsk. b'ehA t/y e/ tkj-tkj<br />

eo oj/ ;B s/ XzB ;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh<br />

X[zBh brk oj/ ;B. nZm wjhB/ nkg bkj"o jh<br />

oj/ s/ fco T[;koh dk ezw f;ZyK d/ ;g[od<br />

eoe/ fgzvK ftZu gquko eoB s/ b'VtzdK B{z<br />

;jkfJsk d/D bJh rJ/.<br />

21


;qh r[o{ rozE ;kfjp dk ;zebB s/ ;zgkdB<br />

;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih B/ gfjb/ uko r[o{ ;kfjpkB, GrsK, GZNK ns/ r[of;ZyK dh<br />

pkDh B{z fJeZmk eoe/ okrK ns/ pkDhnK dh soshp d/ e/, GkJh r[odk; ih gk;'A<br />

r[od[nkok ;qh okw;o ;kfjp, ;qh nzfwqs;o ;kfjp fty/ fJZe phV fbytkJh. fJj ekoi<br />

r[o{ ih B/ ;zB 1601 Jh;th ftZu F[o{ ehsk fijVk ;zB 1604 Jh;th ftZu ;zg{oB (g{ok)<br />

j'fJnk. fJ;/ EK #s/ jh Fq'wDh r[od[nkok gqpzXe ew/Nh, ;qh nzfwqs;o ;kfjp tZb'A nZi<br />

eZbQ ;qh r[o{ rozE ;kfjp ih d/ ;o{g (phVK) pj[s FoXk ns/ ;fseko ;fjs Skg e/<br />

fsnko ehs/ iKd/ jB.<br />

;qh r[o{ rozE ;kfjp ih B{z gfjbK g'Eh ;kfjp fejk iKdk ;h. ;Zuyzv ;qh jfowzdo<br />

;kfjp, nzfwqs;o ;kfjp fty/ g'Eh ;kfjp (nkfd ;qh r[o{ rozE ;kfjp ih) dk gfjbk<br />

gqekF 1 ;szpo, ;zB 1604 Jh;th B{z ehsk frnk. pkpk p[ZYk ih B{z ;G s'A gfjb/ rozEh<br />

Ekfgnk frnk.<br />

r[opkDh ouBk<br />

;qh r[o{ rozE ;kfjp ih ftZu nkg ih dh ;G s'A tX/o/ pkDh do} j? i' fe 30 okrK<br />

ftZu j? ns/ 2218 Fpd pDd/ jB. nkg ih d[nkok ofus pj[s jh ;ob pkDh ;qh<br />

;[ywBh ;kfjp ih dk gkm pj[s r[of;ZyK tb'A ns/ bZr GZr ;ko/ r[od[nkfonK ftZu<br />

o'}kBk nzfwqs t/b/ fBZsB/w Bkb ehsk iKdk j?. fJ;/ gqeko wkM okr ftZu pkokj wkj<br />

dh pkDh th jo/e d/;h wjhB/ (;zroKd) d/ gfjb/ fdB r[od[nkfonK ftZu T[gd/F ti'A<br />

gVQh iKdh j?. Gkt/A fe f;Zy ofjs wo:kdk nB[;ko r[of;ZyK bJh ;zroKd dk iK e'Jh<br />

j'o ftF/F fdB gftZso BjhA wzfBnk iKdk go ;zrs ftZu i[V e/ r[opkDh ehosB,<br />

eEk, ftuko s/ nrb/ gq'rokw nkfd T[bheD bJh nfij/ fdBK dk tosDk F[o{ ehsk<br />

frnk ;h.<br />

r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh Fjkds<br />

;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh Fjkds f;Zy fJfsjk; dh fJe wjkB xNBk j?. fJ;<br />

Fjkds d/ tZv/ ekoB fJj ej/ ik ;ed/ jB L-<br />

(1) f;Zy Xow d/ nk}kdh d/ T[gd/F L- nes{po, ;zB 1605 Jh;th B{z nepo<br />

;z;ko s'A uVQkJh eo frnk. ;bhw, ijKrho dk Bkw Xo e/ s]s T[s/ p?mk. ijKrho<br />

eZNV w[;bwkB ;h. T[; B/ s]s T[Zs/ p?md/ ;ko fJ;bkw d/ n;{bK B{z, fiBQK B{z nepo<br />

d/ ;w/A fsbKibh fdZsh rJh ;h, T[ikro ehsk. Bkb jh r?o-w[;bwkBK T[s/ ;]sh dk<br />

;wK F[o{ j'fJnk. ;G s'A tZvk ns/ gfjbk, Fjkds dk ekoB r[o{ BkBe d/t ih d/ fBZs<br />

fdZs/ iKd/ nk}kdh d/ T[gd/F ;B, i' f;ZyK B{z @fBoGT[ s/ fBot?o# j'D bJh gq/od/ ;B.<br />

(2) fgqEh uzd d[nkok fto'X L- id'A fgqEh uzd dk nzfwqs;o ;kfjp ftZu ofjDk<br />

w[Ffeb j' frnk sK T[; B/ bkr/ jh j/ohA fgzv ftZu nkgDk fNekDk ehsk. T[E/ T[; B{z<br />

;wK fwfbnk fe r[o{ xo d/ fto[ZX ;kf}FK ou ;e/. fgqEh uzd B/ gfjbK soB skoB d/<br />

\"}dko B{o dhB d/ g[Zso nwho dhB B{z ;o'to bJh nkJhnK fJZNK u[ZeD bJh gq/fonk.<br />

fco d; j}ko o[gJ/ o'}kBk T[s/ ;[bjh ]kB B{z ;qh nzfwqs;o ;kfjp T[s/ jZbk p'bD bJh<br />

wBkfJnk go okj ftZu jh fgqEh uzd d/ GZm/ d/yfdnK T[; dk x'Vk p/ekp{ j' frnk s/<br />

;[bjh x'V/ ;w/s jh ;V wfonk. fco ;[bph ]kB B/ jZb/ dh ftT[As pDkJh go x'V/<br />

uVQfdnK jh T[; B{z n?;k dod (;{b) T[fmnk fe ;[bph, EK jh wkfonk frnk. j[D fgqEh<br />

i{B 2006<br />

uzd B/ bkj"o tZb w{zj ehsk. gzikp dk Btkp<br />

Ffj}kdk y[ow ;h. T[j ;bhw (ijKrho) dk<br />

shik g[Zs ;h. pkg tKr T[j th eZNV<br />

(w[snZ;ph) ;h. ekjBk Grs s/ uzd{ T[; d/<br />

dhtkB ;B. fgqEh uzd, uzd{ s/ ekjBk dk<br />

d';s ;h. T[; B/ \kfJdk T[mkT[Ad/ j'J/, y[ow<br />

d/ ezB GoB/ F[o{ eo fdZs/.<br />

(3) ;BksBhnK dh fto'Xsk L-<br />

;qh r[o{<br />

BkBe d/t ih d/ ;w/A s'A jh sgh, ;kX{ s/ fjzd{<br />

Grs r[o{-xo dh fto'Xsk eo oj/ ;B. ;qh<br />

r[o{ noiB d/t ih t/b/ sK ;BksBhnK B/<br />

;kjwD/ j' e/ fto'X eoBk F[o{ eo fdZsk.<br />

phopb B/ th fjzd{nK d/ u[Ze/ u[ekJ/ jwbk<br />

eoB dh e'fFF ehsh. go T[j th ekpb dh<br />

w[fjzw s'A f}zdk Bk w[V ;fenk. id e'Jh ukb<br />

ubdh Bk fdZ;h sK T[BQK Jhoykb{ fjzd{nK B/<br />

bkj"o d/ jkewK B{z Bkb b? e/ ijKrho d/ ezB<br />

niw/o ik e/ Go/.<br />

(4) uzd{ dh d[FwDh L-<br />

uzd{ bkj"o dk<br />

dhtkB ;h. uzd{ B/ nkgDh bVeh dk foFsk<br />

eoB bJh gq'jsK B{z G/fink. gq'js B/ (r[o{)<br />

jfor'fpzd ;kfjp Bkb uzd{ dh bVeh dk<br />

foFsk gZek eo fdZsk. uzd{ B/ Goh ;zrs<br />

ftZu r[o{ dk fBokdo ehsk. T[; fejk L<br />

@go'js ih ! u[pko/ dh fJZN w'oh B{z bk nkJ/<br />

j'.# f;ZyK B/ pj[s p[ok wBkfJnk. T[BQK r[o{<br />

ih B{z fJj xNBk ;[DkJh ns/ p/Bsh ehsh fe<br />

r[o{ xo dk fBokdo j'fJnk j?. fJj foFsk<br />

Bk fbnk ikt/. ;qh r[o{ noiB ih B/ ;zrsK<br />

dk j[ew f;o wZE/ wzfBnk s/ foFsk ep{b Bk<br />

ehsk. dhtkB uzd{ r[o{ ih s'A pdbk b?D bJh<br />

sVcB bZrk. nepo d/ j[zfdnK T[j e[M eo<br />

BjhA ;h ;edk. ijKrho d/ s]s T[s/ p?mD<br />

;ko jh fJ; B{z Ffj fwbh s/ T[; B/ ijKrho<br />

B{z r[o{ ih fto[ZX ;]s edw T[mkD bJh<br />

T[e;kfJnk.<br />

(5) BeFpzdhnK dh u[Ze-u[ekJh L- L- fJj<br />

;dk u/s/ oj/ fe pkeh ;G ekoB g{oe ;B,<br />

n;b ekoB ijKrho ;h. u[Ze u[ekJh ftZu<br />

BeFpzdh ;G s'A nZr/ ;B. T[BQK dk nkr{<br />

22


w"bkBk F/y nfjwd ;ojzdh ;h. T[j nkgD/ nkg B{z w[iZdd nb\;kB (fJ;bkw dk<br />

oZy:e) efjzdk ;h. T[; B/ \ohe (i' w[os}k ykB d/ BK Bkb gqf;ZX j'fJnk) B{z th<br />

fuZmhnK fbyhnK. fJe fuZmh ftZu fbfynk fe fJ;bkw dh fJZ}s e[\o s/ ekcoK dh<br />

ytkoh ftZu j?, fi; B/ nfjb/ e[co B{z n}h} oZfynk, T[; B/ nfjb/-fJ;bkw B{z ytko<br />

ehsk. fJBQK B{z B/V/ th BjhA bZrD d/Dk ukjhdk. e[ZfsnK dh soQK fJBQK B{z d{o eoBk<br />

ukjhdk j?. fJ;/ w[os}k ykB B{z ijKrho B/, ;qh r[o{ noiB ih B{z frq\sko eoB dk<br />

j[ew G/fink ;h ns/ ijKrho w[os}k ]kB dh ;[Ddk wzBdk ;h.<br />

(6) r[o{ ih d[nkok y[;o' dh wZdd eoB dh nkV L- ;zB 1606 Jh;th ftZu y[;o'<br />

B/ nkgD/ 350 ;tkoK Bkb nkrok SZfvnk ns/ pjkBk fJj ehsk fe T[j nkgD/ dkd/<br />

nepo d/ wepo/ ;ezdohnk T[s/ c[Zb uVQkT[D ik fojk j?. j[;?B p/r s/ npdo ojhw B/<br />

fJ; ezw ftZu wZdd ehsh. ijKrho B{z id y[;o' dh Bhns dk gsk bZrk sK T[; B/ nkg<br />

T[; dk fgZSk ehsk. xpokfJnk j'fJnk y[;o' gzikp tZb GZfink. T[; B/ f]nkb ehsk<br />

fe soB skoB ikfJnk ikt/. T[; dk Yfjzdk wB fe;/ ;jko/ dh sbkF ftZu ;h. T[; B{z<br />

]poK g[Zi ojhnK ;B fe ijKrho fgZS/ nk fojk j?. wB dh fJ;/ fyu'skD ftZu y[;o'<br />

soB skoB g[Zik. eJh tkoh nepo Bkb y[;o' r[o{-xo d/ doFB eo u[Zek ;h.<br />

ijKrho B/ fJ;/ B{z wzB fbnk fe r[o{ ih B/ y[;o' B{z gBkj fdZsh j?.<br />

Fjkds fet/A j'Jh<br />

;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih id bkj"o g[Zi/ sK T[BQK T[s/ eJh d{FB brkJ/ rJ/. y[;o'<br />

dh wZdd eoB dk fJb}kw ;G s'A T[Zs/ ;h. r[o{ ih d/ ;kjwD/ d' o;s/ g/F ehs/ rJ/. r[o{<br />

ih B/ jo d'okj/ T[Zs/ ;jh emB o;sk jh ngDkfJnk. fJe gk;/ uzd{ dh Jhoyk ;h, d{i/<br />

gk;/ ;zrs dk j[ew. fJe gk;/ sZshnK sthnK fdZ;dhnK ;B, d{i/ gk;/ FoB nkJ/ dh<br />

bki ;h. fJe gk;/ d/ra ftZu T[pbDk ;h, d{i/ gk;/ ;qh r[o{ rozE ;kfjp ih dh gftZsosk<br />

;h. (ijKrho B/ ;qh r[o{ rozE ;kfjp ftZu j}os w[jzwd ;kfjp dh ][Fkwd d/ Fpd<br />

do} eoB bJh th nkfynk ;h). ;qh r[o{ noiB ih B/ Fjkds tkbk o;sk jh mhe<br />

;wfMnk. r[o{ ih B{z bkj"o d/ jkew w[os}k ]kB d/ jtkb/ ehsk frnk. w[os}k ]kB B/<br />

T[; fBodJh ezw bJh dhtkB uzd{ B{z brkfJnk sK i' xo'rh fto'X d/ ekoB uzd{ d/<br />

fjod/ ftZu s;hj/ d/D s'A ;ze'u g?dk Bk j't/.<br />

nkg ih B{z sZsh sth T[s/ fpmk e/ f;o T[s/ sZsh o/s gkJh rJh. fco T[pbd/ gkDh<br />

ftZu T[pkfbnk frnk. ;oho Skb/-Skb/ j' frnk. go r[o{ ih B/ @s/ok ehnk whmk bkr?#<br />

dh X[Bh ikoh oZyh. ;kJhA whnK who ih B/ ftZu g? e/ fJj MrVk w[ekT[D dh e'fFF ehsh<br />

go tkj Bk uZbh. ijKrho T[; t/b/ sZe whnK who dh n}ws s'A ikD{z BjhA ;h. r[o{ ih<br />

B/ whnK who B{z th tkfjr[o{ d/ j[ew ftZu ofjD dk jh T[gd/F fdZsk ns/ c[owkfJnk fe<br />

@@eh j'fJnk i/ sB sg ofjnk j?. ;kJhA d/ fgnkfonK B{z GkD/ ftZu jh o; wkDBk<br />

ukjhdk j?. d[Zy osk th BjhA j?. ;oho s/ ;z;ko M{mk j?. nkswk fBob/g j?.##<br />

nk]o iZbkdK B/ fJj ftukfonk fe i/ ;oho T[Zs/ mzYk gkDh gkfJnk ikJ/ sK j'o<br />

sebh\ j't/rh. gzi fdB s;hj/ fdZs/ iKd/ oj/. }kbwK tb'A nkgD/ G?V/ fJokfdnK B{z<br />

g{ok eoB bJh 30 wJh, ;zB 1606 Jh;th tkb/ S/t/A fdB, r[o{ ih d/ nXw'J/ ;oho B{z<br />

okth dfonk d/ feBko/ fbikfJnk frnk. @jfo f;T[ fwb rJ/# dfonk ftZu o'VQ/ ikD<br />

dh rtkjh GkJh osB f;zx Gzr{ ns/ w[BFh ;'jB bkb B/ Goh j?. fJ; EK nZi eZbQ<br />

r[od[nkok ;hq v/jok ;kfjp ;[F'fGs j?.<br />

i{B 2006<br />

���������� ����������<br />

������������������<br />

������������������<br />

������������������<br />

������������������<br />

n}kd Gkos d/ fJfsjk; ftZu<br />

jfowzdo ;kfjp #s/ Gkosh c"iK dk jwbk<br />

;w[Zu/ f;Zy irs dh sqk;dh dk f;ob/y j?.<br />

fJ; d[nkb/ d[yd eEk T[;oh j'Jh j?. fJj<br />

f;ZyK dh o{j #s/ bZfrnk }]w j? i' ;w/A-<br />

;w/A d[ydk oj/rk. S/ i{B T[Bh ;" u"ok;h<br />

dh pko{dh Fkw #u ;qh jfowzdo ;kfjp dh<br />

x;w?bh p/u?Bh gzikp d/ T[; fujo/ dk<br />

gqshfpzp j? fi; dk nzr-nzr ghV #u<br />

wZfunk j?. fJj ;kek f;ZyK d/ f}jBfuzBQ<br />

#u'A wBch j'Dk w[Ffeb j?. ;kek Bhbk<br />

skok okjhA ;qh nekb s]s ;kfjp, ;qh<br />

dopko ;kfjp, s'FkykBk, f;Zy o?coA?;<br />

bkfJpq/oh ns/ s/ik f;zx ;w[zdoh jkb ~<br />

gj[zukJ/ B[e;kB d/ noEK B/ o{jkBh xkT[<br />

g?dk ehs/ jB i' G[bkfJnK th G[ZbD tkb/<br />

BjhA jB. n}kd Gkos d/ fJfsjk; ftZu<br />

tkgoh fJ; wzdGkrh xNBk B{z , fi; B/<br />

f;Zy wkBf;esk T[Zs/ v{zx/ gGkt gkJ/, ~<br />

ed/ th w/fNnk BjhA ik ;e/rk.<br />

23


d/ pZu/ ns/ T[BQK dhnK ;wZf;nktK<br />

r[<br />

o{ rzqE ;kfjp ih dh gktB phV d/ nzsb/ Gkr ftZu okr-w[es pkDhnK do}<br />

jB. fJj pkDhnK tX/o/ eoe/ ;b'eK ns/ ekfte whNoK, ;tZJhJ/ nkfde T[Zs/ nkXkfos<br />

jB. Skg/ dh 1430 gzfBnK tkbh phV dk fJj Gkr e[b 77 gzfBnK T[Zs/ c?fbnk j'fJnk j?,<br />

fi; ftZu ;j;feqsh ;b'e, rkEk, c[Bj/, uT[p'b/, Grs epho s/ cohd ih d/ ;b'e ns/<br />

143 ;tZJhJ/ gqkgs jB. fJBQK s'A fpBK ;b'e tkoK s'A tXhe, ;b'e wjbk B"tK, w[zdktDh<br />

ns/ okrwkbk fJ;/ Gkr ftZu do} jB. ekft-whNo @;tZJhnK# ftZu 20 ;tZJhJ/ r[o{<br />

noiB d/t ih dh ouBk jB ns/ pkeh 123 GZN-ethnK d/ ou/ j'J /jB.<br />

fiBQK GZNK dh ouBk nkfd-rzqE phV ftZu ;zfwfbs ehsh rJh, T[j frDsh ftZu<br />

frnkoK ;B, i' GZN eb;jko dh nrtkJh ftZu fJe iZE/ dk o{g pDk e/, fe;/ g{oB ;zs dh<br />

Gkb ftZu, r'fJzdtkb nk g[Zi/ ;B. fJj rZb r[o{ noiB d/t ih d/ r[fonkJh-ekb ftZu<br />

;zB 1581-82 d/ nk;-gk; j'Jh ikgdh j?.<br />

GZN b'e pqkjfwB GkJhuko/ Bkb ;zpzfXs ;B ns/ t?FBt wZs d/ g?o'eko ;B. T[BQK d/<br />

nkdoF-ftnesh okik iBe ;h, fi; d/ iBe-oki s'A T[j w[Zy s"o #s/ gq/fos ;B. T[BQK B/<br />

nkgDh ouBk ftZu fJj ftFtk; gqrNkfJnk j? fe uko/ i[ZrK ftZu iBe-oki d/ joeko/ ;qh<br />

i{B 2006<br />

vkL t}ho f;zx<br />

(r[o{ s/r pjkdo ykb;k ekbi, fdZbh fty/<br />

j'J/ ;?whBko ftZu fJj gouk g/F j'fJnk)<br />

gzit/A gksFkj ;kfjp ;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih d/ Fjhdh r[og[op ;w/A bzro ns/ mzv/ fwZm/<br />

ib dhnK SphbK EK-EK brkJhnK iKdhnK jB. fJe fdB ftZu jh bZyK-eo'VK dh oew dh eZuh bZ;h,<br />

o{jncik s/ e[bu/ S'b/ tzv fdZs/ iKd/ jB.<br />

b[fXnkD/ d/ pZ; ;NA?v #s/ brkJh fJZe Sphb ftZu brGr 10 B"itkBK B/ ;tkohnK,<br />

vokJhtoK, ezveNoK s/ j'oBK B{z brGr 250 d/ eohp gq'L ;kfjp f;zx ofus ;NheK tzvhnK. fJj<br />

B"itkB jo/e Bkb e[M fJ; soQK dh rZb eod/ ;B.<br />

@@GkJh ;kfjp ih! Fjhdh r[og[op #s/ s[;hA mzv/ ib dh Sphb sK Seh jh j't/rh, nZi n;hA<br />

;[ywBh ;kfjp dhnK ;NheK dh Sphb brkJh j?. ib dh Sphb Se e/ sB B{z mzv g[Zidh j? s/ pkDh dh<br />

Sphb Se e/ ;kv/ wB B{z mzv g[Zi/rh. i/eo s[;hA r[ow[yh nZyo gVQB/ ikDd/ j' sK s[;hA fJj ;Nhe b?<br />

;ed/ j'. fJ; dh e'Jh G/Nk BjhA. jK, fJe G/Nk }o{o j? fe s[;hA fJ; pkDh B{z ftuko ;fjs gVQDk j?<br />

Gkt-noE th ;wMD/ jB. g{ok gkm, nZXk gkm, 6 nFNgdhnK iK Gkt/A 3-4 iK e/tb 1 nFNgdh jh<br />

gVQ'. go gVQ' o'}kBk s/ gVQ' ;wM-;wM e/ . fJ; ~ xo fbik e/ e/tb oZy Bk d/Dk s/ gkm d/ Bkb-Bkb<br />

;fseko Bkb ;zGkb th eoBk.##<br />

fJzM fiZE/ eJh r[of;ZyK d/ xoK ftZu pkDh dh ftuko d/ ;Nhe g[Zi/ T[E/ Bkb jh eJh dkjVh<br />

eZN/ s/ BF/ tosB tkfbnK B/ th ;Nhe bJ/ s/ rZbpks ehsh fe T[j nkgDk ;o{g g{oB eoB dk th<br />

:sB eoBr/. eJh r?of;Zy thoK B/ th ;NheK b?D ftZu fdbu;gh ftykJh. b[fXnkDk pZ; nZv/ #s/<br />

i{; d/ ;Nkb tkfbnK s/ j'oBK fJE'A sZe fe gkfbF eoB tkb/ fJe B"itkB B/ th ;Nhe bJh, r[ow[yh<br />

nZyo gVQ e/ ;[DkJ/ s/ xZN'-xZN 1 nFNgdh o'}kBk gVQD dk tkndk ehsk. brGr 3 xzN/ uZbh fJ;<br />

Sphb B/ fiE/ ;NheK b?D tkfbnK B{z y[F ehsk T[E/ ;/tkdkoK B{z th nfijk ukn ufVQnk fe<br />

T[jBK wsK gekfJnk fe T[j jo r[og[op ;w/A r[owfs fbNo/uo yk; eoe/ pkDh dhnK ;NheK<br />

nkfd tzfvnk eoBr/.<br />

uzr/ o[MkB<br />

-o/D[ek ;opihs f;zx<br />

okw, ;qh feqFB ns/ c/o r[o{ BkBe ns/ T[BQK d/<br />

T[Zso-nfXekoh r[o{ ;kfjpkB d/ ;o{g ftZu gqrN<br />

j'J/. GZN eb;jko r[o{ okw dk; dh T[;ssh<br />

rkfJB eofdnK efjzdk j?-@@fJj[ @@fJj[ iBe oki[ r[o<br />

okwdk; s[M jh pfD nkt?..##<br />

GZNK d/ ;tZJhnK dh w[Zy ftF/Fsk fJj j? fe<br />

T[BQK B/ r[o{ BkBe d/t s'A r[o{ noiB d/t sZe,<br />

gzi/ r[o{ ;kfjpkB dh T[;ssh rkfJB ehsh. T[BQK<br />

B/ r[o{-pkDh ftZu d?th sZs dh j'Ad nzso-nksw/<br />

ftZu f;ZX eo bJh ;h ns/ T[j r[o{nK dh wjkBsk<br />

;zpzXh y[bQ/ FpdK ftZu ;kyh God/ jB. GZN-pkDh<br />

dh r[o{-pkDh ns/ Grs-pkDh Bkb f;XKse ;KM<br />

j?. fJj fszB/ @Bkw# dh fdqFNh B{z nkgDk X[ok<br />

pDkT[AdhnK jB. GZNK B/ gqwkswk d/ @tkfjr[o{#<br />

Bkw dh g[FNh ehsh j? ns/ r[opkDh tKr jh @;s<br />

;zs'y frnkB# ~ w[esh d/ ekoro ;kXB ti'A<br />

ngBkfJnk j?. @nzfwqs pkDh# ftZu v{zxk ftFtk;<br />

GZNK dh f;Zyh GktBk dk gqwkD j?.<br />

r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh f;\s-;bkj<br />

rkfJB eoB tkb/ fszB GZN ;B-eb;jko, wE[ok<br />

s/ jfopz;. eb;jko, fi; B{z @eb# @Nb# s/<br />

@ebuo?# eoe/ th fbfynk frnk j?, e[Zb 54<br />

;tZJhnK dk ou?sk j?, fi; ftu'A 12 ;tZJhJ/<br />

gzit/A r[o{ ih dh ehosh rkT[Ad/ jB. GZN wE[ok B/<br />

r[o{ okwdk; ns/ r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh f;cs<br />

ftZu 7-7 ;tZJhJ/ ou/. fJ;/ soQK jfopz; B/ 2-2<br />

;tZJhnk dk :'rdkB fdZsk . ;w[Zu/ o{g ftZu GZNK<br />

dh GkFk fwfFsq j?, fi; dh Fpdktbh ;z;feqs s'A<br />

nkJh j? ns/ tv/oh frDsh ftZu ou/ gdK B{z<br />

gzikph gkme ;"yh soQK ;wM BjhA ;ed/. go GZN<br />

wE[ok dh ouBk dk e[M Gkr nfijk j? i' fpBK<br />

fdZes d/ wkfDnk ik ;edk j?. fJ; d/ e[M gqwkD<br />

fJzi jB-<br />

1H i'fs o{fg jfo nkfg<br />

r[o{ BkBe[ ejk:T[..<br />

sk s/ nzrd[ G:T[<br />

ss f;T[ ss[ fwbk:T[..<br />

2H okwdkf; r[o{ ir skoB eT[<br />

r[o i'fs noi[B wkfj Xoh..†..<br />

3H ifgQT[ fiB` noi[B d/t r[o{..<br />

fcfo ;zeN i'fB roG B nk:T[..<br />

24


4H GfB wE[ok eS[ G/d[ Bjh..<br />

r[o[ noi[B[ gosyQ jfo..<br />

wE[ok B/ gzit/A r[o{ ih B{z @gqsZy joh# efj e/ tfvnkfJnk j?. Bkb jh T[; B/ r[o{<br />

;kfjp dh pkDh dk ikg eoB tkb/ ftnesh B{z nktkrT[D s'A w[esh gqkgsh dk ;zd/F<br />

fdZsk j?.<br />

fiE'A sZe eb;jko d/ gfdnK dk ;zpzX j?, T[; B/ r[o{ noiB d/t B{z @p'fjEk#<br />

(ijk}) Bkb T[gwk fdZsh j?, i' irs-o{gh ;kro ftu'A b'ekJh B{z skoB dk ekoi<br />

eodk j?-<br />

Gtib[ ;kfJo[ ;/s[ Bkw[ joh ek p'fjEk..<br />

eb;jko B{z ftFtk; j? fe r[o{ noiB d/t ihtB d/ x'b ftZu fgZm d/D tkb/<br />

BjhA, ;r'A pjkdoh Bkb jo eFN dk ;kjwDk eoB d/ ;woZE jB. r[o{ ;kfjp B{z T[j<br />

oki ftZu i'r ewkT[D tkbk r[o{ wzB e/ ubdk j?. -@@r[o noi[B ebQuo? s? ;fji i'r<br />

o;[ ikfDnT[..## r[o{ noiB d/t B/ gzikp ftZu @iBe oki# tosk fdZsk j?-@@iBe<br />

oki[ poskfJnk ;si[r[ nkbhDk.## r[o{ ih B{z T[j @gko;# Bkb s[bBk d/Adk j?, fi; d/<br />

;gZoF Bkb xNhnk Xks th ;'Bk pD iKdh j?, nkgD/ r[o{-fgsk d/ xo gorN j' e/ r[o{<br />

noiB d/t ;G dhnK nk;K g{ohnK eoB tkb/ j'J/- j'J/-@@r[o @@r[o okwdk; xfo ehnT[ gqrk;k..<br />

;rb wB'oE g{oh nk;k..##<br />

eb;jko tKr, wE[ok B/ th r[o{ noiB d/t B{z efbi[r dk ijk} wzfBnk j?-<br />

@@ebi[fr ijki[ noi[B[ r[o{ ;rb f;qf; † † bfr fpsoj[..## r[o{ ih @gow nshs<br />

gow/;[o# d/ ozr ftZu ozr/ j'J/ jB, jo tk;Bk s'A ;[szso jB, p/FZe T[j gfotkoe ihtB<br />

th fBGk oj/ jB. gowkswk B/ r[o{ noiB d/t B{z nkgD/ g?rzpo Ekg e/ Xosh T[Zs/<br />

G/fink j?, sK fe jBQ/ok d{o j' e/ ukBD g;o ;e/. gqwkswk dk nzs fe;/ BjhA ;h<br />

gkfJnk-@@nzs[ B gkts d/t ;p? w[fB fJzdq wjk f;t i'r eoh..## ns/ r[o{ okwdk; ih<br />

B/ irs d/ T[Xko fjs, r[o{ i'sh noiB[ ftZu ouk fdZsh. fiBQK B/ nzfwqs pkDh dk ;/tB<br />

eo fbnk-@@fsB e/ d[y e'fNe d{fo rJ/..##<br />

wE[ok efj fojk j?-fizBh d/o sZe w;se T[Zs/ T[eo/ w/o/ Gkr BjhA ikr/, wA? ;G<br />

fdFktK ftZu x[zwdk, efbi[r d/ x'o ;w[zdo ftZu r's/ yKdk, gSsKdk fojk, nzs<br />

gow/Fo B/ b'ekJh d/ efbnkD B{z f;wfonk, T[j c/o @@;zeN i'fB roG B nk:T[..##<br />

brGr fJ;/ ;[o ftZu jopz; GZN B/ r[o{ noiB d/t dh ehosh rkJh j?. T[; B/<br />

r[o{ ;kfjp B{z nNZb @rzrk# efj e/ ;BwkfBnk j?. r[o{ ih d/ ;h; T[Zs/ gow/Fo B/ nkg<br />

@Sso# M[bkfJnk j?. jfopz; B/ fJj G[b/yk d{o eoB dk isB ehsk j? fe gfjb/ uko<br />

r[o{ ;kfjpkB fJ; irs ftu'A e{u eo rJ/ ;B. T[; B/ fdqVQkfJnk j? fe T[j ;G gqwkswk<br />

dh i'sh ftZu ;wk rJ/ ;B. e"D efjzdk j? fe @@;qh r[o[ w:T[##<br />

r[o{ okwdk; ih B{z joh B/<br />

nkgDk f;zxk;D d/ e/ ;BwkfBnk. jfopz; dhnK nzsbhnK d' s[eK dk gkm fe;/<br />

ftnkfynk dk w[Eki BjhA-<br />

ekN/ ;[ gkg fsB` Boj[ e/<br />

r[o[ okwdk;[ fiB` gkfJ:T[..<br />

Ssq[ f;zxk;B[ fgoEwh<br />

r[o noi[B eT[ d/ nkfJnT[..<br />

GZNK B/ r[o{ noiB d/t ih dk i' fJbkjh ;o{g eEB ehsk j?, T[; dh ;'Gk nZr/<br />

n;hA nkgDk f;o M[ekT[Ad/ jK.<br />

i{B 2006<br />

r[od[nkok wT[(w") ;kfjp gksFkjh<br />

gzithA, ;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih s/ wksk rzrk ih<br />

d/ ftnkj dh :kd ftZu F'GBhe j?. fJ; n;EkB<br />

#s/ ;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih dk ftnkj, GkJh<br />

feqFB uzd dh ;g[Zsoh (wksk) rzrk ih Bkb 23<br />

jkV, ;zL 1636 fpeowh (1579) B{z j'fJnk.<br />

pkpk p[ZYk ih, GkJh r[odk; ih, GkJh wzM nkfd<br />

gqw[Zy f;Zy ;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih d/ ftnkj ;w/A<br />

jk}o ;B.<br />

fJe wB"s nB[;ko ftnkj ;w/A Bro<br />

fBtk;hnK B/ fejk fe ;kv/ Bro dh ohs j?, fe<br />

ftnkj s'A gfjbK ftnkj tkbk bVek B/}/ Bkb<br />

feZbk g[ZN/. r[o{ ih B/ izv d/ do]s dk pDkfJnk<br />

j'fJnk feZbQk x'V/ #s/ ;tko j' e/ B/}/ Bkb g[ZN<br />

fdZsk, fi; s'A ;gFN j[zdk j? fe ;qh r[o{ noiB<br />

d/t ih ftnkj ;w/A B/}kpk}h ftZu gqphB ;B.<br />

ftnkj n;EkB #s/ gq/wh f;ZyK tZb'A r[od[nkok<br />

fsnko ehsk frnk. wksk rzrk ih d/ g/e/ xo<br />

tkb/ n;EkB #s/ th FkBdko r[o[dnkok<br />

;[GkfJwkB j?. fJ; n;EkB dk gqpzX gfjbK<br />

b'eb r[od[nkok ew/Nh eodh ;h. j[D gqpzX<br />

Fq'wDh r[od[nkok gqpzXe ew/Nh gk; j?.<br />

fJj fJfsjk;e n;EkB wT[ fgzv,<br />

sfj;hb fcb"o, f}bQk ibzXo ftZu, o/bt/ ;N/FB<br />

fcb"o s'A 10 feb'whNo #s/ pZ; ;NA?v sbtD s'A<br />

fJe feb'whNo dh d{oh #s/ fcb"o-B{owfjb o'v<br />

#s/ ;fEs j?.<br />

r[o{ noiB d/t ih dk ftnkj n;EkB<br />

(ibzXo) gzikp<br />

25


vkL G[fgzdo e"o @eftsk#*<br />

;qh r[o{ rzqE ;kfjp ftZu ;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih dhnK pkDhnK rkEk, c[Bj/<br />

ns/ uT[p'b/ gzBk 1360 s'A 1363 #s/ doi jB. fJjBK pkDhnK ftZu'A gqG{ dh f;\fs-<br />

;kbkj okjhA pb-gqkgsh dh gqfefonk dk ;zuko j[zdk j?.<br />

wjbk ‡ rkEk (24 ;b'e)<br />

rkEk dk noE jh f;\fs ;kbkj eoBk ns/ eEk-ejkDhnK eoBk j?. gqG{-<br />

T[;sfs dh gqfefonk jh nfijh ftF/F f;oiBk ftXh j? fi; B/ wB[Zy dh p[ZXh ~ ;/X e/<br />

nfij/ pb dh T[gi eoBh j? fi; bJh ;op ;[ZyK dh gqkgsh ;zGt j' ;e/. rkEk frnkB-<br />

gqkgsh dh i[rsh j?, Yzr j?, ozr j?, ojZ; j? l rkEk gZE-gqdoFB j?-o{jkBh ;\o dk.<br />

rkEk irs ftZu ;\b ;[ydkJh, frnkB-Gog{o ns/ gqG{-gqhs Bkb ;oFko ihtB<br />

ihT{D dh n;h; j?. fJj e/tb i[rsh BjhA @pv eowDj# s/ @pv-GkrDj# Gkt tZv/<br />

eowK iK GkrK Bkb fJ; Grsh dh gqkgsh j[zdh j?.<br />

rkEk v{zxh j?, p/nzs j?, ;wMD-:'r j? ns/ feogk j? i' ftob/ B{z gqkgs j[zdh j?.<br />

rkEk r[o{ d/ puBK o{gh ;q/FN-wzsoK dh ;'Mh eotkT[Adh j? fi; Bkb eo'VK d'F d{o j'<br />

iKd/ jB. rkEk jfo d/ uoB-ewbK Bkb fXnkB i'Vdh j?, fi; Bkb fJeZb/ fJZe dk<br />

BjhA, ;r'A ;w{j e[ZbK dk T[Xko :ehBh j?.<br />

rkEk ;[zdo wzdoK dk tk;k pyFdh j? fi; ftZu jfo-ehosB dh Xz[B r{zidh j't/.<br />

rkEk gqG{-r[D th rKtdh j? s/ rktD dk wjZst th Bkb'A Bkb dZ;dh iKdh j?. gqG{ dh<br />

:kd ihtB j? s/ gqG{ B{z ft;koDk w"s. id iBw-woB d/ noE jh pdb rJ/, fco ;fji/<br />

jh iBw-woB dk r/V th w[Ze ikt/rk.<br />

rkEk nB[;ko gqG{ jh pb dk ;'wk j?. gqG{-;op-ftnkge j?, ;zg{oB j?, gkbDjko<br />

j?, G{s, toswkB s/ GftZy ftZu ;d?t ekfJw ofjD tkbk j?l ;Zuk s/ ;/qFN fwZso j? s/<br />

;GBK dk UN s/ nk;ok j?. nfij/ gqG{ d/ doFB r[o{ dh fwjo Bkb jh j[zd/ jB.<br />

rkEk dh r?o-jk}oh ihtB B{z ;}ktK d/ e/ ;[u/s eodh j?-iBw-woB dk uZeo,<br />

iwK dh wko, ;z;ko-;kro, wkfJnk s/ Gow dh GNeDk nkfd. fco @;[y[ B ;[gBj#<br />

s/<br />

@o'r ;'r#<br />

ftnkg e/ wB[Zy ~ fBopb eod/ jB.<br />

rkEk dh gqkgsh ;kX-;zrs ftZu njzeko si e/ r[o{-doFBK dh b'uk Bkb j'Dh<br />

j?. BjhA sK, pK; dh GKsh uzdB-;zr j[zfdnK th uzdB d/ gqGkt s'A jhD/ ofjD dh ;}k<br />

fwb/rh. njzeko-t; iht fdB-p-fdB fBopb j[zdk ikt/rk. wkB, jzeko ns/ gzi-<br />

fteko T[; dh rkEk-gqkgsh ftZu o[ektNK g?dk eoBr/, go fJj o[ektNK th sK rkEk<br />

Bkb jh d{o j'DhnK jB. rkEk o'r dk fBohyD (diagnose) eoe/ o'r-fBtkoD bJh<br />

goj/} s/ fJbki dZ; e/ pb-;zuko gqfefonk s'A ikD{ eotkT[Adh j?.<br />

rkEk wB[Zyh d/jh d/ :EkoE dk p'X eotkT[Adh j?. d/jh dh pkjoh ;[zdo-fdZy dk<br />

wkB fBokoEe j?. nfijk wkB nfrnkBsk j?l n;b ftZu sK d/j fwZM uoph, bj{<br />

i{B 2006<br />

r[o{ noiB d/t ih ofus<br />

rkEk, c[Bj/ ns/ uT[p'b/ pkDhnK dh<br />

pb-;zuko gqfefonk<br />

nkfd d[orzX d/D tkbhnK t;sK Bkb Gog{o j?<br />

i' pkjoh ;[rzXhnK B{z th wbhB eo fdzdhnK jB.<br />

rkEk nfijh nfrnkBsk gqsh u/szB eoe/ pb<br />

dk ;zuko eodh j?.<br />

rkEk ihtB dh ;\bsk dk G/s dZ;dh j? L-<br />

;kX ;zrs ftZu gqG{-Bkw dh T[;sfs, nfijh<br />

;\bsk sK gqwkD{ pD e/ pqfjwzv dk nZy-MgeD<br />

fizB/ ;w/A ftZu uZeo bkT[D dh ;woZEk Bkb th<br />

BjhA fwb ;edh.<br />

rkEk Xow-g[;seK dh ftuko T[gozs<br />

J/ezeko Bkw B{z fjod/ ftZu t;kT[D bJh gq/odh<br />

j?. rkEk dh gqkgsh bJh GktBk+;kX ;zrs+tZv/<br />

Gkr b'VhAd/ jB. ;z;ko ;kro u[D"sh th j? s/<br />

;wZf;nk th. jfoBkw s/ jfo ehosB pyfFF th<br />

jB s/ ;wkXkB th. rkEk dh pb-;zuko<br />

gqfefonk okjhA nksfwe o'r d{o j' ikD/ jB s/<br />

nksfwe pb g?dk j'Dk j?. r[o{ dh feogk okjhA<br />

gqG{ Bkb gqhs g?Dh j? s/ @;op e[;bDj# e[;bDj#, @e[b<br />

;w{j T[XkoDj# T[XkoDj#, @;z;ko ;kro Bj fpnkgDj#<br />

ns/ @;z;ko ;kro skoDj#<br />

dhnK n;h;K gqkgs<br />

j'DhnK jB. tZv/ GkrK Bkb jh r[o{ noiB d/t<br />

ih d[nkok pyFh nfijh pb-;zuko gqfeonk d/<br />

nfGnk;h pD ;ehdk j?.<br />

c[Bj/ wjbk ‡ (e[b 23 ;b'e)<br />

*111, wkT[AN n?thfBT{,<br />

crtkVk o'v,<br />

BthA eb'Bh,<br />

j[fFnkog[o<br />

c[Bj/ g[Bj dk ;wkB noEh j? fi; dk Gkt<br />

j? pko-pko iK w[V-w[V e/. fJ; pkDh ftZu nfij/<br />

Szd dh tos'A j? fi; ftZu @jfojK# X[B dh tos'A<br />

pko-pko ehsh rJh j?. @jfojK# ftF/F ;zp'XBh<br />

X[Bh j? fi; okjhA fJ; pkDh ftZu ftF/F ;ztkd<br />

f;oidk ikgdk j?. n;b ftZu fJj ;ztkd s/<br />

;zp'XB wB o{gh ;yh Bkb jh oukfJnk frnk j?.<br />

ifrnk;{ d[nkok nfijh ;yh Bkb gqG{-ezs<br />

dhnK pksK gkT[D s'A pb-;zuko gqfefonk j'Ad<br />

26


Xkodh j?.<br />

c[Bj/ d/ ;b'eK dh<br />

nkozGsk ;op-;woZE<br />

gqG{-ezs dh T[;sfs<br />

Bkb j[zdh j?. T[; nfs-<br />

;z[do s/ nB{g ;kiB-<br />

gqG{ B{z @w;sfe j't?<br />

Gkr[ s ;kiB[ gkJhn?#<br />

dh wB"s nB[;ko gk<br />

;ehdk j?. nfij/<br />

eow-o/yk pDkT[D<br />

tkb/ gqG{ s'A pfbjko/<br />

ikDk j? i' g{oB j?,<br />

gftZso j? s/ pb dk<br />

;'wk j?. T[; d/ fXnkB s/ f;woB Bkb jh ;z;ko ;kro soD s/ nktkrT[D d/ uZeo #u'A<br />

fBebD dh :'rsk fwbDh j?. T[j dk Bkw nzfwqs j? i' ;dhth ;Zu/ r[o{ s'A gkT[Dk j?.<br />

ntr[DK B/ iht d/ ;oho B{z fBopb ehsk j'fJnk j?. fFzrko B{z pb ;wMD tkbh<br />

;[jkrD B{z @ezs? pkM[ ;hrko[ ;G[ fpoEk ikJhn?#<br />

dh ;'Mh fdZsh j?. fi; tvGkrD s/<br />

;[jkrD d/ fjod/ ftZu gqG{-ezs dk tk;k j?, @fs;[ pfDnk jG[ ;hrko[#<br />

d[nkok fFzrko dh<br />

gqhGkFk fdZsh j?.<br />

c[Bj/ d/ ;b'eK ftZu gqG{-Bkw ~ nfij/ pb dk ;'wk wzfBnk j? fi; okjhA ;w{zj<br />

foXhnK f;ZXhnK, BT[-fBXhnK dh gqkgsh th :ehBh j' iKdh j?. nfij/ pb Bkb iht<br />

gftZso ihtB tkb/ j' iKd/ jB. gqG{ dh :kd-fgnko dh poes Bkb Gkr ikr iKd/ jB<br />

s/ nksfwe nBzd pDdk j?.<br />

c[Bj/ d/ ;b'eK ftZu iht-nkswk B{z fBopb eoB tkb/ ngftZso s/ e[eowK s'A th<br />

j'fVnk frnk j?. fJjBK ftZu go-fJ;soh dk G'r, go-XB dh u'oh, gzi/ ekwdkfJe<br />

t?oh, jtkJh febQ/ pDkT[D/, uzub wB dhnK ;orowhnK, fBzdk-u[rbh ns/ gkg-eow<br />

nkfd gqw[Zy jB. nfij/ e[eowK ftZu ftn;s iht ftekoh j?, jzekoh j?, rtko j?,<br />

w{oy j?l T[j e[eowK dh rzdrh ftZu fBtk; eodk j? s/ jzeko d/ jB/o/ ftZu T[; B{z Bk jh<br />

w"s dk u/sk j? s/ Bk jh u/sBk. Bkw-jhD s/ ;zrs-ftj{Dh fdqFNh, Bkd s/ X[B T[; B{z<br />

fdB-p-fdB ew}'o eo oj/ jB s/ frnkB-fJzdohnK ;}k dh Gkrh pD ojhnK jB.<br />

fJ; d/ n?B T[bN ;fsr[o{ s'A nzfwqs-Bkw dh dks gqkgs eoB tkb/ p]F/ iKd/<br />

jB. T[j jw/FK ;kX-;zrs ftZu Bkw dh nokXDk eoe/ @ed/ B iKfj wfo#<br />

dh n;h;<br />

gqkgs eod/ jB. nfij/ p]F/ iB jh ;kiB jB s/ i? i? eko eotkT[Ad/ jB. T[jBK d/<br />

wBK nzdo nkBzd dk toskok j[zdk j?. nfijh nw'be nT[yX gqkgs eoB tkb/ ozr-<br />

oZsfVnK s'A r[o{ ih pfbjko iKd/ jB.<br />

uT[p'b/ wjbk ‡ (11 ;b'e)<br />

fJjBK ;b'eK ftZu ;kXe dhnK ftfGzB ;kXBktK d/ f}eo T[gozs pb-gqkgsh dh<br />

T[Zsw ;kXBk ~ ;gFN ehsk frnk j?. pbjhD s/ fBokoEe ;kXBktK dh ftnoEsk #u'A<br />

i{B 2006<br />

pb gqdkB<br />

eoB tkbh<br />

gq/w-;kXBk<br />

T[ikro j[zdh<br />

j?. gq/w-;kXBk<br />

dh ;'Mh jh pb-<br />

;zuko dk w[Zy<br />

;kXB j?.<br />

fBokoEe<br />

s/ pbjhD<br />

;kXBktK<br />

nfij/ e[gqpzX<br />

B{z f;oid/ jB<br />

fi; ftZu wzsoK<br />

d/ ikg, X{DhnK sgkDhnK, fJzdohnK B{z tZ;<br />

eoB bJh ;ohoe eFN ;fjD/, g[Zm/ bNeDk ns/<br />

;z;ko GqwD nkfd :sB jB. nfijhnK<br />

;kXBktK T[gozs fwbh d[fBnkth wkB, fJZ}s s/<br />

tfvnkJh th fe;/ noE BjhA. BkFtzs gdkoEK<br />

d/ eko-ftjko, d[fBnkth tvZgD dh f;]o-<br />

gqkgsh tZb uzub wB d/ :sB nkfd wB[Zyh<br />

nkswk ~ fBopb eod/ jB.<br />

n;b ftZu pb dk ;'wk sK gqG{-gq/w dh<br />

;kXBk j?. gqhs dh fyZu B/ jh wB[Zyh ;[osh dk gqG{<br />

Bkb ;zi'r ;zGt eoBk j?. fi; ifrnk;{-iht B{z<br />

fBwye-gq/w (Gkt gb-Go d/ jh gq/w) u'A gqG{-gq/w<br />

dk G/s ;gFN j' iKdk j? T[j fco fe;/ j'o gk;/<br />

ftnoE GNeDk ftZu BjhA g?Adk. T[; bJh<br />

dfJnkb gqG{ dk ft;oDk jh tZv/ s'A tZvk B[e;kB<br />

j?, xo ns/ XzB-d"bs d/ B[e;kB s[ZS ikgd/<br />

jB. T[; dk wB'oE jh gqG{-gq/w s/ T[; B{z pkeh<br />

;kXBktK pbjhD ikgdhnK jB. T[j nfs-;z[do<br />

s/ wBw'jD/ gqG{ d/ fwbkg bJh gszr/-bkN dh<br />

fgnko-w;sh tKr ;[X-p[X ft;ko e/ bhB j'<br />

iKdk j?. wjZstjhD j[zfdnK j'fJnK th T[j gqG{-<br />

gqhs ekoB ;ko/ ;z;ko ftZu T[ikro j' tfvnkJh<br />

gqkgs eoB :'r j' iKdk j?.<br />

���������������������<br />

����������������������������<br />

27


fJfsjk;e Broh-soB skoB ;kfjp<br />

g[oksB fdZbh-bkj"o Fkj okj #s/ j? gzuw gksFkj r[o{ noiB d/t ih dk t;kfJnk<br />

j'fJnk gftZso Xkofwe-fJfsjk;e Ffjo @soB skoB#. r[o{ noiB d/t ih B/ ykok s/<br />

gbk;"o d/ fgzvK dh }whB yohd e/ 17 t?;ky, ;w/s 1647 fpL (1590 JhL) ~ fJZe Xkofwe<br />

e/Ado d/ ;o'to dh y[dtkJh F[o{ eotkJh ns/ 4 u/s, ;zws 1653 fpL (1596 JhL) B{z<br />

fJfsjk;e Bro dh BhAj oZyh. whoh-ghoh d/ wkbe r[o{ jfor'fpzd gksFkj B/ th fJ;<br />

n;EkB #s/ nkgD/ w[pkoe uoB gkJ/ ;B. ;qh dopko ;kfjp soB skoB dh T[;koh ni/<br />

ub jh ojh ;h fe ;okfJ B{odhB dh T[;koh ;oekoh s"o #s/ F[o{ j'Jh, fi; eoe/ }poB ;qh<br />

dopko ;kfjp soB skoB dh T[;koh o'e fdZsh rJh. T[; tk;s/ fJeZmhnK ehshnK fJZNK<br />

th B{odhB dk g[Zso nwho[ZdhB u[Ze e/ b? frnk. ;zL 1835 fpL (1778 JhL) ftZu ;odko<br />

p[ZX f;zx c?}bg[ohJ/ B/ gZNh gorD/ #s/ ep}k ehsk s/ B{odhB dh ;okfJ B{z Ytk e/ r[o{-<br />

xo dhnK fJZNK tkg; fbnKdhnK s/ r[o{-Broh soB skoB dk fBowkD ekoi d'pkok F[o{<br />

eotkfJnk.<br />

F/o/ gzikp wjkokik oDihs f;zx ih B/ nkgD/ oki-ekb d"okB ;qh dopko ;kfjp<br />

soB skoB dh fJfsjk;e fJwkos B{z BthB o{g gqdkB ehsk s/ ;'B/ dh whBkekoh dk<br />

fJfsjk;e ekoi eotkfJnk. ftFkb ;o'to dh goeowk gZeh th F/o/ gzikp d/ oki ekb<br />

;w/A j'Jh . ;w/A dh b'V B{z w[Zy oZyfdnK f;Zy ;zrsK d/ nkokw tk;s/ pj[s ;ko/ p[ zr/ th pDkJ/<br />

rJ/. nzro/} oki ;w/A ;qh dopko ;kfjp soB skoB dk gqpzX T[dk;h wjzsK gk; fojk i'<br />

;w/A d/ r/V Bkb nfs doi/ d/ Bhu ;kps j'J/. r[od[nkok gqpzX ;[Xko bfjo ;w/A 26<br />

iBtoh, 1920 B{z T[dk;hnK Bkb ;zxoF eoe/ f;zxK B/ gqpzX nkgD/ jZEK ftZu fbnk.<br />

1930 JhL B{z ;qh dopko soB skoB dk gqpzX Fq'wDh r[od[nkok gqpzXe ew/Nh gk;<br />

i{B 2006<br />

nkfJnk. ;qh dopko ;kfjp, soB skoB dh<br />

nfs ;z[do nkbhFkB fJwkos, gftZso<br />

fJfsjk;e n;EkB #s/ ;ko/ r[og[op, ;qh r[o{<br />

noiB d/t ih dk Fjhdh i'V w/bk s/ ykb;/ dk<br />

f;oiDk fdjkVk tZvh gZXo #s/ wBkJ/ iKd/ jB.<br />

;qh dopko ;kfjp soB skoB, soB<br />

skoB o/bt/ ;N/FB s'A fJe feb'whNo #s/ ns/<br />

pZ; ;NA?v soB skoB s'A nZXk feb'whNo d{oh #s/<br />

F'GBhe j?. soB skoB Ffjo nzfwqs;o f}bQ/<br />

dk w[Zy Xkofwe e/Ado j? i' nzfwqs;o s'A e/tb<br />

24 feb'whNo dh d{oh #s/ nzfwqs;o-fco'}g[o<br />

o'v #s/ ;fEs j?. soB skoB r'fJzdtkb,<br />

Mpkb, fco'}g[o nkfd FfjoK Bkb ;Veh wkor<br />

okjhA i[fVnk j?.<br />

������������� �������������<br />

�������������������������������������<br />

;qh dopko ;kfjp s'A fJbktk soB skoB<br />

ftZu r[od[nkok r[o{ dk y{j, r[L wzih ;kfjp,<br />

r[od[nkok NZeo ;kfjp, phph GkBh dk y{j nkfd<br />

Xkofwe-fJfsjk;e n;EkB d/yD :'r jB.<br />

:kso{nK dh fojkfJF, Nfjb-;/tk tk;s/<br />

bzro-gqFkfd dk ;[uZik gqpzX j?. tX/o/ ikDekoh<br />

bJh ;qL jodhg f;zx w?B/io r[od[nkok ;qh<br />

dopko ;kfjp soBskoB Bkb w'pkJhb<br />

BzL 98550-51263 iK 01852-22707 Bzpo<br />

#s/ c'B ehsk ik ;edk j?.<br />

gzuw fgsk ����������������������������<br />

����������������������������<br />

e'wb dks/ dh e'wb fijh ybe sKJhA,<br />

id'A }kbw d/ }[bw B/ gkJ/ Skb/.<br />

g[o g[o ftzfBnK SbBh Skb j' rJh,<br />

Go e/ trD s/ fo;B B{z nkJ/ Skb/.<br />

gzuw gksFkj B/ d[Zy i' tzvDk ;h,<br />

uh;K tzvhnK s/ Bkb tzvkJ/ Skb/.<br />

jo dh joh ghVk joh B/ nkg io e/,<br />

fJe fJe Skb/ B/ bZyK jNkJ/ Skb/.<br />

Skb/ Skb/ Skb j}{o dh ;h,<br />

j? i/ gsk eh e"se ftykb oj/ ;B.<br />

nkj w}b{w dh d[Zyh dh uh; b? e/,<br />

fJj' Skb/ fJBebkp T[mkb oj/ ;B.<br />

28


nZi Sphb dk r[og[op j?!<br />

r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ;NZvh ;oeb tb'A e[M toQ/ gfjbK<br />

w[zpJh (wjkokFNo) ikD dk w"ek fwfbnk. T[; ;w/A ;qL ;opihs f;zx (nZiebQ<br />

:{Hn?;HJ/H) wjKokFNo d/ ;NZvh ;oeb d/ ;N/N ;eZso ;B. r[o{ noiB d/t ih dk<br />

Fjhdh g[op ;h. i{B dk nfs rowh dk wjhBk. tho ;opihs f;zx w'No ;kJheb #s/<br />

fBeb s[o/-r[od[nkok yko tZb. o;s/ ftZu EK-EK #s/ mzv/ fwZm/ ib dhnK SphbK-<br />

B"itkB, pZfunK ftZu rbk; Go-Go e/ nZr/ j'-j' e/ ib SekT[D bJh Gkoh T[sFkj<br />

;h.<br />

;sBkw f;zx ;b'Qg[oh*<br />

fJZe irQk B"itkB s/ pZfunK B/ ;kvk w'No;kJheb o'e e/ ib SeD bJh<br />

fejk. dk; B/ ;tkb ehsk, p/N/ wA? eZb th fJZE'A bzfxnk ;h, pj[s rowh ;h, w?B{z fgnk;<br />

bZrh ;h, go fe;/ B/ th gkDh B{z BjhA fejk. go nZi wA? fgSb/ fszB EktK s'A bZrh Sphb<br />

#s/ ib Sfenk j?, j'o SeD dh ;woZEk BjhA. go jo/e ;Nkb s/ pd'-pdh ib<br />

SekfJnk ik fojk j?. nZi eh yk; rZb j?< fJZe 16 ;kb dk B"itkB efjD bZrk,<br />

@@nzeb ih, s[jkB{z gsk BjhA nZi Sphb dk r[og[op j?.## id wA? g[ZfSnk, Sphb dk<br />

r[og[op< sK itkp fwfbnk-nzeb, Uj', i' jo ;kb nkT[Adk j? s/ id'A jo/e EK s/ mzv/-<br />

fwZm/ ib dhnK SphbK bZrdhnK jB. wA? j?okB j'fJnk fe ib SekT[D tkfbnK B{z th<br />

Sphb d/ gqpzXe fJj BjhA dZ; ;e/ fe nZi eh j?< E'VQh d{o rJ/ sK fJe j'o Sphb ;h.<br />

T[E/ th ib SekT[D tkfbnK B/ x/ok gk fbnk. T[E/ th fJj ;tkb ehsk sK fJe 13 e[<br />

;kb dh p/Nh p'bh, nzeb ih nZi r[og[op j?. p/Nk fejVk r[og[op< nzeb ih nZi<br />

Grs f;zx j'oK B{z cK;h j'Jh ;h. ftukoh fJj th BjhA ikDdh fe r[og[op r[o{ ;kfjpkB<br />

d/ g[op (fdB) Bkb brdk j?, fe;/ f;Zy dh Fjkds Bkb r[o BjhA bZrdk. fJZe j'o<br />

;tkb #s/ th fJzi dk jh itkp fwfbnk, ih nZi r[o{ s/r pjkdo ;kfjp ih dh w"s (vZ?E<br />

Fpd tofsnk frnk) j'Jh ;h.<br />

i{B 2006<br />

r[<br />

�����������������<br />

�����������������<br />

���������������������������� ��������<br />

��������������������������������������������������<br />

��������������������������������������������<br />

�������������������������������������������������<br />

�����������������������������������������������<br />

���������������������������������������������������<br />

��������������������������������������������<br />

�������������������������������������������������<br />

������������������������������������������������<br />

��������������������������<br />

*vkfJo?eNo,:[te ;/tktK vkfJo?eN'o/N,<br />

r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ;NZvh ;oeb<br />

fco n;hA r[od[nkok yko ;kfjp,<br />

w[zpJh gjz[u rJ/. Ykvh iZE/ y{p ozr pzB oj/ ;B.<br />

bzro tkb/ gk;/ th pj[s GhV ;h. ekch d/o<br />

fJzsiko eoB s'A pknd bzro SZeD dh tkoh<br />

nkJh. fiT[A jh bzro SZeD bJh dotk}k<br />

y[Zfbnk sK nzdo ik e/ wA? fJZe pZu/ e'b p?m<br />

frnk. d{i/ gk;/ T[; dh wzwh p?mh ;h. wA?<br />

g[ZfSnk-p/Nk nZi pVh GhV j?. eh eZb th fJzi<br />

jh GhV ;h< itkp ;h-gsk BjhA wA? sK nZi jh<br />

nkfJnk jK. wA? g[ZfSnk eh s[;hA o'} BjhA<br />

nkT[Ad/. BjhA nzeb n?stko B{z bzro j[zdk j? sK<br />

wzwk s/ gkgk b? e/ nkT[Ad/ jB. r[od[nkok<br />

;kfjp ikD pko/ th pZfunK B{z n?stko bzro<br />

efj fe fbikfJnk iKdk j?. wA? g[ZfSnk p/Nk nZi<br />

wzwk B/ nkT[D bZr/ eh fejk ;h fe feT[A uZb/ jK,<br />

nZi sK bzro BjhA j?. itkp ;h-nzeb wzwk<br />

efjzd/ ;h cNk-cN Bt/A eZgV/ gk b? nZi<br />

r[od[nko/ ikDk j? T[E/ SphbK s/ bzro bZrD/<br />

jB. wA? fejk p/Nk eh wzwk B/ fJj BjhZ dZf;nk fe<br />

nZi r[o{ noiB d/t ih dk Fjhdh r[og[op<br />

j?.efjD bZrk, BjhA. w?A fejk j[D wzwk<br />

~ g[ZS fe nZi J/Bk tZvk fJeZm feT[A j?. id<br />

T[;B/ wzwh ~ g[ZfSnk sK gsk T[; ~ th BjhA<br />

;h. fJj jkb j? nZi dh ghVQh dk.<br />

r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh 400 ;kbk<br />

Fjhdh Fskpdh wBkT[AfdnK fizBK youk n;hA<br />

SphbK #s/ eoBk j?, T[j xZN eo e/, e[ZM gZe/<br />

s"o #s/ mzv/ gkDh dhnK N?AehnK brtkJhJ/ sK<br />

fe o'}kBk mzvk gkDh ghD ~ fwb ;e/. fiZE/<br />

Sphb bZr/ T[ZE/ r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh Fjkds<br />

pko/ ikDekoh tkbk tZvk p'ov brkfJnk ikt/<br />

s/ fJZe feskpuk Skg e/ mzv/-fwm/<br />

ib d/ rbk; Bkb fdZsk ikt/ sK fe ib<br />

SZeD tkbk r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh<br />

e[opkBh pko/ ikD ;e/.<br />

29


i{B 2006<br />

S.VIKRAMJIT SINGH<br />

� Gkos ns/ gkfe;skB ftueko d';skBK ;zpzXK d/ tXD Bkb, f;Zy ;zrsK dh nodk; g{oh j'D<br />

tkbh bZrdh j? fe r[oXkwK dh ;/tk ;zGkb s/ doFB dhdko/ ykb;k ih B{z pyF/ ikDr/.<br />

� r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh Fjkds dh u"Eh Fskpdh d/ toQ/ d"okB ;qh jfowzdo ;kfjp, ;qh soBskoB<br />

;kfjp, ;qh r'fJzdtkb ;kfjp s/ ;qh v/jok ;kfjp, bkj"o ik e/ nksfwe T[Zusk bJh no}'Jh eoBh,<br />

pVh bkj/tzdh j' ;edh j? feT[Afe fJ; ;w/A ftZu GktBksfwe rfjBsk s/ ;zxDkgD, j'oBK tesK<br />

Bkb'A fes/ tZX pfDnk j[zdk j? s/ fJekrosk pD nkT[Adh j?.<br />

� S'N/ pZfunK B{z e'b p?m e/ }pkBh, e?fdnK-g[;seK, ;hvh} s/ r[oXkw doFBK okjhA fJfsjk;e<br />

fpqsKs ;[BkT[D/ s/ :kd eokT[D/, ;kvh ;fGnkukoe f}zw/tkoh j? fi; s'A fgZS/ jZNDk, fe;/ th soQK<br />

uzrk BjhA j't/rk.<br />

SUN GROUP<br />

M/S SUN INTERNATIONAL<br />

SUN HOUSE, Q-10, HAUZ KHAS, NEW DELHI-16<br />

Phone : 91-11-26563344, 26562979 , 26565790, 26863118(O)<br />

Mobile : 098100-61111, Fax : 91-11-26964950, 26966370<br />

30


;<br />

uoBihs f;zx d'Fh*<br />

;fsBkw ;qh tkfjr[o{ efj e/,<br />

;fsr[o b'j tb uoB tXkJ/.<br />

pqjwk ftFB{z wj/F B/ T[go'A,<br />

;fsr[o T[Zgo c[Zb po;kJ/.<br />

;'Yh e[b dk fJZe Xowkswk,<br />

wfo:kdk fBGkT[D uZfbnk.<br />

;Zu dk g[sbk ;Zu g[ikoh,<br />

M{m dk godk bkj[D uZfbnk.<br />

;kX dh fijVk ;{os dZ;/,<br />

frnkBh dk i' frnkB ;wMkt/.<br />

;[Zy d[Zy fi; bJh pokpo,<br />

;[ywBh dh pks i' gkt/.<br />

sZsh tkj[ Bk fi; B{z bkr/,<br />

gko pqjw ;oBkJh rkt/.<br />

Ekb ftZu fsB t;s{ gk e/,<br />

;fs ;zs'y ftuko ;wMkt/.<br />

;fsr[o nkT[Ad/ e'b t/y e/,<br />

bkNK gfjbK f;o fBtkJ/.<br />

b{zph EkDh pkjo fBeb e/,<br />

;fsr[o ih d/ doFB gkJ/.<br />

b'j sgh nzfrnkoK tKr{,<br />

eo doFB mzvh mko j' rJh.<br />

gZp ;fsr[o dk S{zjd/ ;ko jh,<br />

;fsr[o s'A fB;ko j' rJh.<br />

wA? ;VB bJh jh pDh jK,<br />

nZi th b'e' wA? jh ;VBk.<br />

;fsr[o nkgDk Xow fBGktD,<br />

wA? sK gfjo/dko j? yVQBk.<br />

fJ; f;Zyh s'A gfjbK jh,<br />

wA? pj[s wkD j? gkfJnk.<br />

bzro tkbh ohs ubk e/,<br />

BkB/ fJ; d/ eow ewkfJnk.<br />

sth dk ;fseko<br />

wA? sgK sK eJh fYZv God/,<br />

fYZv Go/ sK ikB j? nkT[Adh.<br />

fijB/ w/o/ #s/ eow ewkfJnk,<br />

w?A T[; s'A jK ikB rtkT[Adh.<br />

nkT[ w/o/ ;hB/ #s/ p?m',<br />

r[opkDh dk ikg eo' ih.<br />

wA? th ;[ZyK tkbh j'iK,<br />

d{y o'r ;zskg jo' ih.<br />

b'j s/ ;fsr[o fJe j' rJ/,<br />

G/d fojk Bk ftZu-ftZukb/.<br />

;fsr[o wkbk c/oh iktD,<br />

b'j ikg/ fiT[A Bow d[Fkb/.<br />

uzd{ fi; B{z b'eh nkyD,<br />

;{oi Bkb'A bkb j' frnk.<br />

noiB sth #s/ wkbk iZgdk,<br />

fej' fijk ewkb j' frnk.<br />

bzro sth #s/ fJj gekT[Ad/,<br />

d/rK ftZu gektD dkbk.<br />

fJjB{z d/r d/ ftZu fpmk e/,<br />

T[;/ soQK jh fdT[ T[pkbk.<br />

;fsr[o d/r d/ nzdo pfj e/,<br />

;[ywBh dk gkm iK S'fJnk.<br />

SkfbnK EkDh gkDh tfrnk,<br />

fJ; soQK ;h gkDh o'fJnk.<br />

*1214-fbze o'v, Y'b/tkb<br />

b[fXnkDk. c'B L 2540537<br />

eJh FoXkb{ bkr/ nkJ/,<br />

eJhnK d{o'A f;o M[ekJ/.<br />

B{zj uzd{ dh ns/ who ih,<br />

fiBQK nk e/ d[y gqrNkJ/.<br />

fJj eh :kok eoh s{z ikBk,<br />

nkgDk ozr fdykT[Adk feT[A BjhA.<br />

fJZN# Bk fJZN tik ;edk jK,<br />

w?B{z j[ew ;[DkT[Adk feT[A BjhA.<br />

whnK who d/ ezB #u ;fsr[o,<br />

p'b/ Xhoi oZy' who ih.<br />

ni/ T[j t/b/ BjhA j? nkfJnk,<br />

Xhoi oZy', oZy' Xho ih.<br />

s[jkv/ fijk frnkBh g[oF i/,<br />

J/B/ ;/e Bkb v'b ikJ/rk.<br />

;[ywBh dk jo ;b'e fco,<br />

dZ;' fejVk s'b ikJ/rk.<br />

d/r s/r csfj dk Bknok,<br />

fJ; bVh d/ nzdo nkT[Dk.<br />

d/r Bkb wZEk n;K j? bkfJnk,<br />

s/r Bkb j? g's/ bkT[Dk.<br />

fJ; sth dh Ykb pD/rh,<br />

fJ; d/r d/ sho pDBr/.<br />

fJe s[;K d/ Xhoi Bkb jh,<br />

fJE/ eJh whnK who pDBr/.<br />

nrb/ ikw/ d/ ftZu nkgK,<br />

nkgDk d'tK o{g tNkT[Dk.<br />

S/t/A r[o B/ nkgK d'tK B{z,<br />

fJe yZp/ fJe ;Zi/ gkT[Dk.<br />

BhAj jfowzdo dh oZy s[;K B/,<br />

eZmhnK ehshnK jB d' ikBK.<br />

S/t/A o{g B/ whoh ghoh dhnK,<br />

rb gkT[DhnK d' feqgkBK.<br />

GkD/ ftZu i/ n;hA ojKr/<br />

skjhT[A ;fsr[o{ Bdoh nkT{.<br />

@d'Fh# ;ko/ ;'XD d/ bJh,<br />

;{otho fJe i'Xk nkT{.<br />

����������������������������������������������<br />

����������������������������������������������<br />

i{B 2006<br />

31


nkU nkU t/yhJ/ t/yhJ/<br />

eh eh n;hA n;hA n;hA n;hA w?r}hB w?r}hB w?r}hB gfVQnk gfVQnk <<br />

<<br />

fJ; ekbw ftZu jZEb/ nze iK fgSb/ e[M<br />

nzeK ftZu'A jh e[M ;tkb g[ZS/ ikfJnk eoBr/, sK i'<br />

gkme nkg jh ;t?- fBohyD eo ;eD fe T[jBK B/<br />

w?r}hB B{z fezBh e[ ;[fjodsk Bkb gfVQnk j? ns/<br />

fgSb/ gVQ/ B{z fezBk e[ ;KG e/ oZfynk j?. ;tkbK d/ mhe<br />

itkp d/D tkb/ gfjb/ gzi gkmeK B{z T[jBK tZb'A G/i/<br />

gfsnK #s/ fJZe ;kb bJh @@;kvk fto;k ;kvk r"ot##<br />

fJBkw ti'A w[cs G/fink ikfJnk eo/rk.<br />

i{B 2006 nze bJh ;tkb<br />

1H sqk; B{z r[o{ noiB d/t ih B/ fet/A d{o ehsk<<br />

2H ;KMhtkbsk dk r[opkDh ftZu eh oj; j?<<br />

3H @pkDh ek p'fjEk# fejV/ r[oK B/ fe; tes s/<br />

fe; B{z fyskp fdZsk<<br />

4H vkL Xho ih B/ fejV/ fJfsjk;e jtkfbnK dk<br />

toDB ehsk j?<<br />

5H r[ofdnkb f;zx j[oK dh eftsk #u'A s[jkB{z<br />

fejVk F/no uzrk bZfrnk j?<<br />

6H nwB j[oK dh ftuko uouk dk ;ko d' ;soK #u<br />

fet/A fby'r/<<br />

7H @@r[o noi[B[ gosyQ jfo## dk eh Gkt j?<<br />

8H pb dk ;'wk, r[opkDh nB[;ko eh j?<<br />

9H soB skoB ftZu fejV/ ;EkB d/yD:'r jB<<br />

10H @d'Fh# s/ @nihs# ih dhnK eftsktK ftZu fe;<br />

soQK FoXK}bh fdZsh rJh j?<<br />

Bshik ngq?b, 2006<br />

������������������������<br />

��������������������<br />

�����������������������<br />

����������������������<br />

����������������������������<br />

���������������������������������������<br />

��������������������������������������<br />

i{B 2006<br />

.... Yorker<br />

The sizzling heat and travel of Indian summer took toll on the<br />

touring English side and were given drubbing by the hosts in the one day<br />

series. On the whole very good performance by the young entrants and<br />

guiding force of experienced players led to mauling of English side. The<br />

Scenario for the up coming World Cup seems rosy for the Indians were as<br />

the English think tank has to dig deep into their setup format for keeping the<br />

players injury free and thus a force to reckon with. The only important<br />

question to ponder here is that the quality of wickets provided for the<br />

onedayers. Were they suitable & right way to prepare for the Caribbean<br />

odyssey. The low and slow nature of the wickets may have benefitted in the<br />

home series but what if the bounce & movement aspect crops up and stares<br />

into the face of our players.<br />

The burning question of the burnout of the players has taken centre<br />

stage after the injuries which have confronted many a players of all most<br />

every team. Most of the players feel that appropriate rest should be provided<br />

between test & one day itinerary. The schedule should not be taxing on<br />

players body & mind. The burnout issue and the injury scare is very<br />

important issue with the players as their livelihood depends on the game. But<br />

the question arises that what so ever break being provided by boards around<br />

the World and particularly in India, to players, is not being used by them at<br />

proposed. The lure of moolah and the cashing of their brand image has fully<br />

taken over the players psyche, so the question of burn out vis-a-vis rest not<br />

being appropriate fails to stand ground. It is now up to the players to create a<br />

balance whereby physical, financial & sporting equilibrium is maintained. The<br />

issue of burn out and fatigue also varies from player to player. The<br />

professionalism of a players should never give him an excuse for such issues.<br />

It is his prerogative and if a players feels that rest is required so it should be<br />

considered by the selectors in a positive manner.<br />

The Gag imposed by the selectors on the players in speaking their<br />

mind in front of press is a very delicate issue and should be handled with<br />

finesse. Unless a player is treading upon some other players individual<br />

approach or going against boards policies, the ban can not be justified.<br />

Virender Sehwag speaking as captain about Saurav Ganguly's issue,<br />

"forgotten chapter", was in a very bad taste. But when Sehwag speaks of his<br />

former team mate & captain being missed by team members was rather<br />

blown out of proportion by the board. Thus, it is very crucial for the players<br />

and the board officials to balance their opinion before airing them or penning<br />

them down.<br />

The Caribbean sojourn is about to begin. The weak &<br />

inexperienced West Indian side for decades gives an golden opportunity for<br />

Indian side to come trumps, in their backyard. But the complacency to take<br />

West Indies side lightly could very well bounce back in humiliation, so caution<br />

and discipline should be the order of the day, for Dravid and his young guns.<br />

Here it is compulsory to mention & applaud the fighting spirit shown by<br />

Bangladesh team in test series against Australia. The sublime magic of Adam<br />

Gilchrist and Ricky Ponting were the saving grace for the mighty Aussies<br />

otherwise their fall was clearly evident. The fight provided by Bangla Tigers<br />

and the improvement in their game gives a positive indication whereby the<br />

gap between leaping Kangaroos at the top & crouching Tigers at the bottom,<br />

is bound to come down for the competitive nature of the game to flourish.<br />

85-E, Bhai Randhir <strong>Singh</strong> Nagar, Ludhiana<br />

Prabhjot <strong>Singh</strong>*<br />

32


D<br />

Dr. Sushil Kaur*<br />

Divine Music occupies a conspicuous niche in the Sikh hierarchy, for<br />

it works as an aid to communion with God and hence for spiritual<br />

upliftment. Sri <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev afforded a unique form to Gurmat Sangeet.<br />

While compiling Adi Sri <strong>Guru</strong> Granth Sahib,<strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev classified the<br />

compositions of all the Sikh <strong>Guru</strong>s and Bhaktas according to musical<br />

measures as they were strung. <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan popularized Sikh musical<br />

traditions (Gurmat Sangeet) even among the common folk when Satta and<br />

Balwand denied to recite Kirtan in the Sangat.<br />

Sikh <strong>Guru</strong>s attached great importance to music and regard it as one of<br />

the greatest means of communion with God. They awarded music an<br />

honored place in their religion. Sri <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev like other sikh gurus<br />

introduced the love of God as the main motif in music and exploited its<br />

sensuous and emotional effects to heighten the importance of that theme.<br />

June 2006<br />

*15-Prem Vihar<br />

S.B.S.Nagar<br />

Pakhowal Road<br />

Ludhiana<br />

It becomes spiritual on<br />

account of the truth that lie<br />

underneath the words, play<br />

an essential part in its<br />

composition . It is the words<br />

surcharged with spiritual<br />

truth, wherein lies the<br />

inception of Divine music.<br />

Music is a means, a vehicle to<br />

carry home the truths that<br />

have an independent value of<br />

their own. H.Levy opines<br />

Music appeals to the emotions<br />

directly.<br />

......By withdrawing mind<br />

from the objective world,<br />

music becomes the means of<br />

mental peace and inner<br />

harmony. Music has therefore<br />

been called the language of<br />

emotions. Obviously, it is the<br />

self-expression of soul."<br />

<strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev<br />

expressed his ideology in the<br />

following verse in Rag Ram<br />

Kali.<br />

He sings the praise of the<br />

Omnipresent Lord Master,<br />

Shedding all the relishes of<br />

the worldly pursuits.<br />

(SGGS,P.885)<br />

Bhakta Namdev said in<br />

the same mood "When I sing<br />

of God I behold Him."<br />

Power of music could be<br />

noticed in the stories related<br />

to Lord Krishna's flute,<br />

coleridge's Kublai Khan and<br />

Pied piper. Naturopathy also<br />

recognizes the value of the<br />

35


soothing effects of music on certain nervous and mental diseases.<br />

Bhai Gurdas condemned such pleasure derived from hearing music<br />

devoid of the Love of Almighty :<br />

We should not hear Godless music.<br />

It does not produce any happiness.<br />

<strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev directs the community :<br />

God's praises do thou sing.<br />

O' man ! day and night.<br />

This is the fruitful evocation of life. (SGGS, P-108.)<br />

Obviously , a Bhakta makes five virtues like contentment his musical<br />

instruments and walking in the Lord's Love his seven notes.<br />

"To utter Lord's discourse and praise<br />

And to hear the resounding of His melodious music.<br />

Thus has become the aim of my life. ( SGGS, P-818)<br />

Congregational music is a permanent feature of the Sikh form of<br />

worship. Divine Music has a regular place in the programes of Sikh<br />

Sangat.<br />

A Bhakta yearns for such inner state wherein he wishes :<br />

" O my tongue, sing thou the praise of Lord.<br />

O' my soul, many a time make thou obeisance unto the Saints.<br />

(SGGS, P-1298)<br />

In such state, a Bhakta Cherishes the blessings of The Lord when his<br />

entire thirst is quenched.<br />

<strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev in Rag Sorath defines such state :<br />

Singing of God's praise in the saint's society<br />

is the highest of all the deeds. (SGGS, P.642)<br />

Obviously, Sri <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev in his compositions manifest the<br />

power of music and proved that it could create a direct link between man<br />

and God.<br />

Music is a priceless jewel;<br />

it produces unfathomable joy;<br />

It is full of Beauty. (Gaudi : SGGS)<br />

<strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev believed that Divine Music is better than all the<br />

difficult breathing exercises and physical poses which Indian yogis adopt<br />

to obtain union with God. <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev preferred religious music to all<br />

other religious practices.<br />

"The Royal pomp and show thy name has made,<br />

I attain to yoga by singing thine praises. ( SGGS, P-385)<br />

Recitation of the holy scriptures forms a significant part of the Sikh<br />

devotional life. But in congregations Divine Music is always preferred to<br />

mere recitation. Music is like rain water which blesses the whole of<br />

country side.<br />

That bard is blessed who longs to sing the praises of the Lord.<br />

And within his mind he keeps enshrined<br />

The Lord's Love.<br />

Meritorious is that praise, who enshrines affection for his Lord.<br />

(SGGS, P-962)<br />

<strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev adopted 30 Ragas & Raginis, besides Dhunis and Ghar<br />

on the basis of folk music in his Composition and avoided such Ragas<br />

which were either extremely joyful or extremely Melan cholic such as<br />

June 2006<br />

Hindol or Deepak. These 30<br />

ragas are : Sri, Majh, Gaudi,<br />

Aasa, Gujari, Dev Gandhari,<br />

Bihagra, Vadhans, Sorath,<br />

Dhanasari, Jaitsari, Todi,<br />

Bairarhi, Tilang, Suhi,<br />

Bilawal, Gaund, Ramkali,<br />

Natt, Mali Gaura, Maru,<br />

Tukhari, Kedara, Bhairo,<br />

Basant, Sarang, Kanrha,<br />

Malar, Kalyan, Parbhati, The<br />

Flow of the raga in his bani is<br />

incessant and thus the<br />

rhythm remains intact.<br />

The very mention of<br />

musical instruments in Sri<br />

<strong>Guru</strong> Granth Sahib (such as<br />

Rabab, Veena, Vaja, Jant, Tur,<br />

Kingri, SInghi, Murli,<br />

Pakhawaj, Mridang, Dholak,<br />

Majir, Ghungroo, Naad etc.)<br />

ascertain the fact that these<br />

instruments were used while<br />

reciting Kirtan.<br />

<strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev<br />

popularized Parhtal Gaiki and<br />

he himself used to play veena<br />

(Siranda) while reciting<br />

Kirtan.<br />

Music in the Bani of <strong>Guru</strong><br />

Arjan Dev imparts peace of<br />

mind and greatly helps in<br />

concentrating the listener's<br />

attention on the spiritual<br />

truths conveyed by the words<br />

and themes that form its<br />

basis. Whereas <strong>Guru</strong> Nanak<br />

Dev introduced such persian<br />

melodies as Kafi, Tukhari and<br />

Dakhna among the Sikhs,<br />

<strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev introduced<br />

Cauki or Quartet system of<br />

persian music. Apparently,<br />

<strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev brought a<br />

new turn to the old classical<br />

Indian music and introduced<br />

Sikh school of music,<br />

distinguishing it from the<br />

other Indian schools in vogue<br />

during that period.<br />

36


Sri <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev as His<br />

Contemporaries Saw Him<br />

Bhai Gurdas<br />

B<br />

Bhai Gurdas was nephew of <strong>Guru</strong> Amar Das (the third<br />

Sikh <strong>Guru</strong> and maternal uncle of <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev.) Though<br />

only seven years older than <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan, like him he imbibed<br />

the spirit of Sikhism almost to its perfection very early. At the<br />

age of seventeen he was appointed the principal Sikh<br />

missionary by <strong>Guru</strong> Amar Das at Agra, the capital of Mughal<br />

empire and the centre of religious discussions.<br />

Bhai Gurdas is also the earliest and most authentic writer<br />

on <strong>Guru</strong> Nanak as he had available to him first hand<br />

information from two great contemporaries of the founder<br />

<strong>Guru</strong>. One of them was Sri Chand the elder son of <strong>Guru</strong> Nanak,<br />

who entered purely religious life at the age of seven and<br />

watched the career of his father with the hope of succeeding<br />

him. The other was Bhai Budha who spent near 30 years of his life with<br />

<strong>Guru</strong> Nanak.<br />

Bhai Gurdas was the principal helper and adviser in the compilation<br />

of Adi Granth. His nature, wisdom and suggestions must have gone a long<br />

way in the successful and difficult compilation of the Holy Book.<br />

Bhai Gurdas' own works have been given a very high place in the sikh<br />

scriptures. <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan named them the Key to the Adi Granth. While the<br />

hymns of the Adi Granth are synthetic, the poems of Bhai Gurdas are<br />

analytical and more of commentaries and comparative studies than<br />

reflective mystic poems of prayer and worship. Bhai Gurdas died about<br />

the same time when Sri Chand and Bhai Budha died during the time of<br />

<strong>Guru</strong> Har <strong>Gobind</strong> at the ripe age of eighty.<br />

The testimony of Bhai Gurdas on <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan is of great importance as<br />

he was older than the <strong>Guru</strong> in years and family status. Particularly<br />

noteworthy is his comment and description of the martyrdom of <strong>Guru</strong><br />

Arjan. He does not brood over the horrors of tortures but brings out<br />

wonderfully the superhuman endurance, the equanimity, the calm and<br />

peace that was retained by <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan till his end.<br />

Spiritual Kindship between Sikh <strong>Guru</strong>s<br />

The spiritual kinship between the <strong>Guru</strong>s, and the successive heritage<br />

of the Gurship is described by Bhai Gurdas in the following words :<br />

'<strong>Guru</strong> Nanak was the spiritual embodiment of the perfect being of<br />

God. The spirit of God worked in him and he lived in the spirit of God. His<br />

inner personality was symbolized by the divine Word, the speech of God to<br />

man and the torch of the <strong>Guru</strong> to guide mankind to God. Just as a wave of<br />

water emanating from the sea is very much like the sea and just as a lamp<br />

June 2006<br />

Late Dr. Tarlochan <strong>Singh</strong><br />

37, Janta Enclave, Dugri<br />

Dhandra Road, Ludhiana<br />

after lighting another lamp<br />

makes it one like itself, so<br />

<strong>Guru</strong> Nanak lighted the soul<br />

of his disciple Angad and<br />

made him another living<br />

Nanak. From <strong>Guru</strong> Angad Dev<br />

the light passed on to his<br />

disciple Amar Das and made<br />

him an immortal spirit. Amar<br />

Das awakened the soul of<br />

disciple Ram Das and made<br />

his heart the abode of God.<br />

From <strong>Guru</strong> Ram Das his son<br />

and disciple <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev<br />

received the supreme Light<br />

and also the crown of<br />

spiritual sovereignty. Arjan<br />

Dev held aloft the same torch<br />

of truth and perfect<br />

knowledge which he had<br />

received from his<br />

predecessors.'<br />

'Unfathomable, pure,<br />

serene and immortal is the<br />

Spirit of <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan Dev. The<br />

33


light of his soul is brighter than the light of the moon; nay, it is even more<br />

resplendent than the light of the sun. He is imbued with the love of God<br />

and in him burns the undying flame of the Eternal. Everyone<br />

acknowledges the spiritual greatness of <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan and the wise and<br />

enlightened sing of his virtues and spiritual greatness. Men and women of<br />

the four castes, followers of the Vedas and the Six Systems and people of<br />

various faiths are attracted by <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan's spiritual ideals and examples<br />

of Sikhism (gurmukh marag.)' (Vr : 24, Pr 18)<br />

'<strong>Guru</strong> Arjan is a worthy child of his forefathers (the first four <strong>Guru</strong>s).<br />

He sits in full spiritual glory on the sovereign seat of <strong>Guru</strong>ship established<br />

by <strong>Guru</strong> Nanak. He gives out spiritual sustenance to countless souls.<br />

Innumerable thirsting minds of true seekers find peace and life in his holy<br />

Word. He has compiled a treasury of divine Word the sacred humans of the<br />

Adi Granth) and he spends his time singing these religious songs,<br />

interpreting them and enlightening his disciples with spiritual thoughts<br />

and experiences contained in them.' (Vr : 24, pr. 19)<br />

'In the soul of <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan vibrates music celestial. His inner self is the<br />

abode of perennial joy and bliss as he is deeply absorbed in the love of God.<br />

His kingdom is the kingdom of truth. His personality emanates truth. The<br />

emblem of his spiritual sovereignty is truth. Supreme and lasting is <strong>Guru</strong><br />

Arjan's reign of truth.' (Vr.24, pr .19)<br />

'From the north and south, from the east and west, seekers of truth<br />

flock to <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan and accept the discipleship of his faith. So wonderful is<br />

the Sikh organization of the perfect One that there is a free kitchen giving<br />

bodily food to all who come and there is also the more important free<br />

kitchen distributing spiritual food to all who seek it.' (Vr.24, pr .20)<br />

'On <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan's head rests the crown of spiritual perfection given to<br />

him by God. He is a always absorbed in the love of the Lord and radiates<br />

the light of the holy Word that is beyond the comprehension of the Vedas<br />

and Semetic books. He has created a new type of devotees who live in the<br />

world and yet are detached from it. (maya vich udas.) He has created<br />

countless enlightened disciples (sikhs) each as great as King Janaka of<br />

yore. The holy baptism of the <strong>Guru</strong>'s feet has made them pure and great.'<br />

(Vr.24, pr .20)<br />

'In sorrow the <strong>Guru</strong> was never dejected, in joy he did not exult. All his<br />

life he dwelt outside the stress and strain of passion, fear and anger. He<br />

was free from all bondage of wealth and the world. Living in equanimity<br />

and charity he was tender towards all who suffered. His calm and<br />

forgiving spirit was embodiment of patience and purity.' (Vr.24, pr .21,<br />

first 2 lines)<br />

'Profound indeed was <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan' a martyrdom : As a fish swims into<br />

the depth of flowing waters so <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan dived deep into the eternal<br />

stream of the Lord's Presence. As the moth flings its body into the flame<br />

and burns itself to be one with the flame, so <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan submitted his body<br />

to the tortures of fire and heat to blend his soul with the undying Flame of<br />

God. As a deer cares not for the deadly arrows of the hunter but runs<br />

heedlessly towards the call of the drum, <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan cared not for the cruel<br />

June 2006<br />

hands of the murderer but<br />

walked fearlessly to face a<br />

martyr's death, keeping all the<br />

time his mind absorb in music<br />

of the divine Word. Even<br />

under the severest tortures<br />

and at the most tragic moment<br />

of his end, he thought not of<br />

anything else but the<br />

enchanting music of the Word.<br />

(dhid pai cit awar na jani.) As a<br />

butterfly when trapped in the<br />

petals of the flower dies in the<br />

joy of its fragrance and honey,<br />

so <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan cared not for<br />

any bodily tortures but kept<br />

his mind unsullied in the<br />

fragrance of the Lord's love.<br />

Even at his last moment he<br />

forgot not the great mission of<br />

his Lord and his one longing<br />

was to hold aloft in the face of<br />

all stormy trials, the torch of<br />

Truth given to him by the<br />

Masters. Like the papiha bird<br />

(Brain-fever bird) thirsting<br />

only for a drop of rain and no<br />

other water, <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan<br />

abandoned all worldly<br />

opportunities offered to him<br />

and desired but an abiding<br />

repose in the love and will of<br />

God. So deeply was he<br />

absorbed in the undisturbed<br />

and unbroken vision of the<br />

Lord (sahaj samadhi) that his<br />

enlightened and elevated<br />

spirit conquered all sorrow<br />

and pain and his soul rested<br />

peacefully in the eternal<br />

embrace of God's love. I am a<br />

sacrifice unto <strong>Guru</strong> Arjan, the<br />

Perfect One.' (Vt : 24, 23).<br />

contd....<br />

34


lfoanjthr dkSj ¼lgk;d laiknd½<br />

xq# vtqZu nso th dh 'kghnh dks iwjs pkj lkS o"kZ chr pqds gSaA ftruh ;kruk,¡<br />

nsdj mUgsa 'kghn fd;k x;k mldh nwljh felky bl nqfu;k¡ ds 'kghnksa ds bfrgkl esa<br />

feyuh vR;Ur nqyZHk gSA<br />

okLro esa 'kghnh D;k gS\ mldk ladYi D;k gS\ D;k nq'eu dh ryokj ;k xksyh<br />

dk fu'kkuk cu tkus ls dksbZ 'kghn cu tkrk gSA 'kghn 'kCn vjch Hkk"kk dk 'kCn gSA<br />

ftldk ,d vFkZ xokgh nsuk Hkh gSA ysfdu bldk vf/kdrj çpfyr vFkZ ;g gS fd<br />

fdlh fo'ks"k edln ds fy, vius çk.k nsukA<br />

vaxzsth esa bldk vFkZ Martyr gSA tks fd Greek Hkk"kk esa ls vk;k gSA bZlk elhg ds<br />

lkFk tqM+ dj bldk vFkZ Hkh lPpkbZ ds fy, vius çk.kksa dh vkgwfr nsuk gh cu x;kA<br />

lewps fo'o esa vc ;g 'kCn ml O;fDr ds fy, ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gS tks vius fo'okl<br />

vius ns'k vkSj lekt ds fy, euq";rk dh HkykbZ rFkk /keZ ds fy, viuh tku dqckZu<br />

dj nsA<br />

'kghn 'kCn dk lekukUrj 'kCn laLd`r Hkk"kk esa ugha gSA laLd`r esa tks 'kCn ç;ksx<br />

fd;k tkrk gS og gS cfyA çkphu dky esa vk;Z yksx ;K djrs le; i'kqvksa dh cfy<br />

nsrs FksA ,d pØorhZ jktk vius ?kksM+s dks ltk dj viuh lsuk ds lkFk mu {ks=ksa esa<br />

Hkstrk Fkk ftls og vius v/khu djuk pkgrk FkkA ftl&ftl txg ls og ?kksM+k<br />

twu 2006<br />

fudyrk Fkk rks ;g eku fy;k tkrk Fkk<br />

fd mu {ks= ds jktkvksa us mldh v/khurk<br />

Lohdkj dj yhA ysfdu tks jktk mldh<br />

v/khurk Lohdkj ugha djrk og ?kksM+s dks<br />

idM+ ysrk vkSj mldh lsuk ds lkFk ;q)<br />

djrkA tc og ?kksM+k pkjksa fn'kkvksa esa<br />

fot; çkIr djds ykSVrk rks jktk viuh<br />

thr dh [kq'kh ds fy, ;K djokrkA<br />

ftlesa ml ?kksM+s dh cfy nh tkrh FkhA<br />

vkt Hkh efUnjksa esa nsork dks çlUu djus<br />

ds fy, i'kq cfy Hkh nh tkrh gSA<br />

vkt cfynku 'kCn dk ç;ksx 'kghnh<br />

ds vFkZ esa gh gksus yx iM+k gSA xq# vtqZu<br />

nso th dks ml le; ds ckn'kkg tgk¡xhj<br />

us vusd ;kruk,¡ nsdj 'kghn fd;k FkkA<br />

tgk¡xhj us ,slk D;ksa fd;k bl ckjs esa og<br />

viuh vkRedFkk ^rqtZds tgk¡xhjh* esa<br />

fy[krk gS fd C;kl unh ds rV ls<br />

xksbanoky esa vtqZu uke dk ,d fgUnw<br />

ihj&Qdhjksa ds Hks"k esa jgrk FkkA cgqr ls<br />

Hkksys Hkkys fgUnw vkSj eqlyeku mls viuk<br />

xq: ekurs FksA ,slk rhu&pkj ih


D;k tgk¡xhj ,d vPNk eqlyeku Fkk\<br />

og rks ,d vj;k'k balku FkkA viuh<br />

çsfedk dks ikus ds fy, mlus mlds ifr dh<br />

gR;k djokbZ FkhA og lkjk fnu 'kjkc ds<br />

u'ks esa /wkr jgrk FkkA bLyke ds vlwyksa ls<br />

mldk dksbZ okLrk ugha Fkk ijUrq eqxy<br />

njckj ds cM+s ekSyk.ks vdcj dh xSj<br />

eqlyekuksa ds ckjs ueZ&uhfr dks ilUn ugha<br />

djrs FksA og xíh ij ml balku dks ns[kuk<br />

pkgrs Fks tks bLyke /keZ ds çfr dV~Vj gksA<br />

tgk¡xhj us vius firk ds f[kykQ Hkh<br />

cxkor dhA vdcj dh pkg Fkh fd og<br />

vius ikS= [kqljks dks xíh lkSaisA tgk¡xhj<br />

xíh çkIr djus ds fy, ekSyfo;ksa dh enn<br />

pkgrk FkkA ekSyk.kks us mlds vkxs ,d 'krZ<br />

j[kh fd vxj og vdcj dh ueZ uhfr dks<br />

NksM+ dj dV~Vj uhfr viuk, rks og<br />

tgk¡xhj dh enn djsaxsA<br />

ml le; ds dV~Vj eqfLye fo}okuksa ds<br />

nks cM+s vkxw FksA ,d Fkk 'ks[k vgen ljfganh<br />

vkSj nwljk 'ks[k Qjhn cq[kkjhA bl nksuksa dh<br />

enn ls tgk¡xhj us 1591 esa vius firk dks<br />

tgj nsdj ejokuk pkgkA ysfdu vdcj cp<br />

tkrk gSA lu~ 1602 esa tgk¡xhj vdcj ds<br />

cM+s othj vCcqy QT+ky dh gR;k djokus esa<br />

dke;kc gks x;kA<br />

tgk¡xhj ij ,sls dV~Vj eqfLye fo}kuksa<br />

dk cgqr çHkko FkkA xíh ij cSBus ls igys<br />

mlus buds vkxs dle [kkbZ fd og vdcj<br />

dh uhfr dks R;kx nsxkA ueZ uhfr dk<br />

i{kikr djus okyksa dks ltk nsxk vkSj xSj<br />

eqlyeku ygj dks [kRe djsxkA<br />

mu fnuksa 'ks[k vgen Qk:dh ljfgUnh<br />

dh dV~VjiaFkh dh eqlyekuksa esa cgqr<br />

ekU;rk FkhA mldh ;g /kkj.kk Fkh fd<br />

bLyke dh LFkkiuk ls igys ,d gtkj lky<br />

iSxEcj eksgEen ds FksA vc 'kq: gq, nwljs<br />

gT+kkj o"kZ mlds uke ds lkFk gSaA og vius<br />

twu 2006<br />

vki dks uch ekurk Fkk vkSj ;g nkok djrk Fkk fd lkjh nqfu;k mlds o'k esa gSA<br />

fdlh Hkh balku dh nqvk rc rd bZ'oj ds ?kj esa dcwy ugha gksxh tc rd mls dcwy u<br />

gksA<br />

'ks[k vgen ljfganh xq# vtqZu nso th dk ledkyhu FkkA og muls cgqr bZ";kZ<br />

djrk FkkA tc tgk¡xhj vius ckxh iq= [kqljks dk ihNk djrk gqvk ljfgUn igq¡pk rks<br />

'ks[k ljfgUnh us xq: th ds f[kykQ mlds dku Hkj fn,A<br />

'ks[k Qjhn cq[kkjh ml eqxy lsuk dk usr`Ro dj jgk Fkk tks [kqljks dks fxjQrkj<br />

djus ds fy, iatkc esa vkbZ FkhA tgk¡xhj us mls eqrZT+kk [kku dk f[krkc fn;k FkkA<br />

tgk¡xhj us viuh ^rqtZds tgk¡xhjh* esa fy[kk fd eSa eqlZtk [kku dks gqDe fn;k dh og<br />

xq# vtqZu nso th dks fxjQrkj djs vkSj mUgsa ;kruk,¡ nsdj ekj MkysA<br />

cgqr ls bfrgkldkjksa us xq: th ds 'kghnksa dks ,d i{kh jaxr nsus dk ;Ru fd;k gSA<br />

og bls flQZ [kqljks dh cxkor vkSj xq: lkfgc dh vksj ls mlds ekFks ij fryd<br />

yxkus okyh ckr dks ckj&ckj nksgjkrs gSa vkSj bls jktæksg dk uke nsrs gSaA bl vk/kkj<br />

ij og xq: th dh 'kghnh dks ,d vke ltk eku ysrs gSaA eè;dkyhu Hkkjr dk ys[kd<br />

^lrh'k pUæ* ,slh gh vk/kh&v/wkjh ckras djrk gqvk i`"B 279 esa fy[krk gS fd flD[kksa<br />

dk eqxyksa ds lkFk >xM+k blfy, 'kq: gqvk D;ksafd xq: th us 'kgtkns [kqljks dh enn<br />

dh FkhA vr% mlds gd esa vjnkl dh FkhA blh dkj.k tgk¡xhj us mUgsa fxjÝrkj<br />

fd;k tgk¡ mudh e`R;q gks xbZA<br />

xq: lkfgc th dh 'kghnh ds ckjs esa Hkze iSnk djus dk dke og bfrgkldkj dj<br />

jgs gSa ftuds vkxs eksg vkSj Hkze dk inkZ iM+k gqvk gSA<br />

xq: th dh 'kghnh dk fnu ge lHkh gj o"kZ eukrs gSa vkSj dPph yLlh dh Nchy<br />

yxk dj vius dÙkZO; dks iwjk djrs gSaA ijUrq geus dHkh Hkh bl ckr dk ;Ru ugha<br />

fd;k fd xq: th dh 'kghnh dh lgh rLohj lkjs lalkj ds lkeus ykbZ tk;sA<br />

16 twu dks tc ge mudk 400 lkyk 'kghnh xq#ioZ euk jgs gSa rks gekjs fy, ;g<br />

t:jh gS fd ge lalkj ds vkxs mudh 'kghnh ds ladYi dks Li"V djsaA muds bl<br />

fofp= dkjukesa dh egrrk dks lcds lkeus mtkxj djsaA<br />

38


oSls rks egkiq#"kksa dk lkjk thou o mudk ,d&,d dk;Z lekt ij cgqr<br />

nwjxkeh o LFkk;h çHkko Mkyrk gS] ijUrq muds dqN lqd`R; ,sls Hkh gksrs gSa] tks lekt dh<br />

O;oLFkk o psruk dks gh ifjofrZr djds j[k nsrs gSaA xq#&ijaijk ds iape xq# lkfgc Jh<br />

xq# vtqZu nso th dk thou Hkh ,slk gh gS] tks u flQZ lekt ds lEeq[k ,d mPp vkn'kZ<br />

dh LFkkiuk djrk gS] ofyd ekuoh; lekurk vkSj ekuoh; çse ds çfr fo'ks"k tkx:drk<br />

Hkh mRiUu djrk gSA<br />

iape ikr'kkg dk lkjk thou gh vius vki esa ,d felky gS] ijUrq muds nks dk;Z ,sls<br />

gSa] ftUgksaus lekt dh xfr dks gh cnydj j[k MkykA xq# th dk igyk vfrJs"B dk;Z gS]<br />

ve`rlj esa Jh gfjeafnj lkfgc dh LFkkiukA xq# th us gfjeafnj lkfgc ds :i esa ,d ,sls<br />

vkè;kfRed dsUæ dh LFkkiuk dh] tgk¡ lekt ds fdlh Hkh oxZ] o.kZ] Js.kh dk O;fDr<br />

L=h&iq#"k fuHkZ; gks dj tk ldrk gS vkSj vdky iqj[k dh mikluk esa fgLlk ys ldrk<br />

gSA gfjeafnj lkfgc ds pkj fn'kkvksa esa pkj }kj j[kus dk vFkZ Hkh ;gh yxk;k tkrk gS fd<br />

;gk¡ pkjksa fn'kkvksa ls pkjksa o.kks± ds yksx vkjk/kuk gsrq vk ldrs gSaA ;gk¡ muds çfr dksbZ<br />

HksnHkko ugha gSA iape ikr'kkg us Jh gfjeafnj lkfgc dh uhao eqfLye lwQh Qdhj lkbZ<br />

ehvka ehj ls j[kkdj /keZ&fujis{krk dh ,d vkSj vn~Hkqr felky dk;e dhA xq: th dk<br />

nwljk vfr egRoiw.kZ dk;Z gS] Jh xq# xzaFk lkfgc th dk laiknuA iape ikr'kkg us xq:<br />

lkfgcku dh ok.kh ds lkFk&lkFk Hkkjr ds fHkUu&fHkUu bykdksa ds 15 HkDrksa] 11 HkkVksa o<br />

pkj fudVorhZ fl[kksa dh ok.kh dks ,d= fd;k vkSj HkkbZ xqjnkl ls fy[kok dj ,d<br />

vHkwriwoZ xzaFk dh jpuk dhA bl çdkj xq# xzaFk lkfgc th dk igyk laLdj.k lu~ 1604<br />

bZ- esa laiw.kZ gqvk] ftls ckn esa ,d flracj 1604 bZ- dks Jh gfjeafnj lkfgc esa xq# LFkku ij<br />

lq'kksfHkr fd;k x;kA ;gk¡ KkrO; gS fd xq# xzaFk lkfgc th dk nwljk laLdj.k n'ke firk<br />

Jh xq# xksfcan fla?k th us lu~ 1704 bZ- esa HkkbZ euh fla?k th ls fy[kk;k Fkk] ftlesa uoe<br />

xq# Jh xq: rsx cgknqj th dh ok.kh Hkh 'kkfey dh xbZA bl çdkj xq# xazFk lkfgc esa 6<br />

xq# lkfgcku & xq# ukud nso] xq# vaxn nso] xq# vejnkl] xq# jkenkl] Lo;a xq#<br />

vtqZu nso ,oa xq# rsx cgknqj th] 15 HkDrksa & HkDr dchj] HkDr jfonkl] ckck Qjhn]<br />

ukenso] f=ykspu] /kUuk] Hkh[ku] lS.k] ihik] t;nso] lwjnkl] jkekuan] lnuk] cSuh vkSj<br />

ijekuan 11 HkkVksa & dYglkj] tkyi] dhjr] fHk[kk] lYg] HkYg] uYg] x;an] eFkqjk] cYg]<br />

gfjcal vkSj 4 fudVorhZ fl[kksa & ckck lqanj] lÙkk] cyoaM vkSj ejnkuk dh ck.kh 'kkfey<br />

gSA bl rjg vkè;kfRed ckf.k;ksa dk ;g fo'kky laxzg Hkkjr ds leLr {ks=ksa ,oa Hkk"kkvksa<br />

dk çfrfu/kRo djrk gSA okLro esa xq# xzaFk lkfgc ,d cgqHkk"kh xzaFk gS] tks ;g lkfcr<br />

djrk gS fd blds laiknd iape lkfgc Jh xq# vtqZu nso vusd Hkk"kkvksa ds fo}ku FksA xq#<br />

xzaFk lkfgc dh Hkk"kk;h foy{k.krk ij utj Mkyh tk, rks ik,axs fd xq# lkfgcku us iwohZ<br />

iatkch] yfgzanh iatkch] vjch&Qkjlh feJr iatkch l?kqDdM+h Hkk"kk ,oa lglfozrh Hkk"kk<br />

dk ç;ksx fd;k gS] ogha HkDr dchj] jfonkl] lnuk] jkekuan] lS.k] lwjnkl] ijekuan]<br />

Hkh[ku vkSj cSuh us l?kqDdM+h Hkk"kk dk ç;ksx fd;k gSA xq# rsx cgknqj vkSj HkkVksa dh Hkk"kk<br />

czt gS rks ukenso] f=ykspu dh ejkBh] ihik] /kUuk dh jktLFkkuh rFkk t;nso dh laLd`r<br />

gSA iape ikr'kkg fuf'pr :i ls bu lHkh Hkk"kkvksa ds fo}ku jgs gksaxsA iape ikr'kkg dh<br />

viuh ck.kh Hkh mUgsa cgqHkk"kh fo}ku lkfcr djrh gSA 2318 'kCn] 'yksdksa dh la[;k ds<br />

lkFk iape ikr'kkg ,sls ck.khdkj gSa] ftudh lcls vf/kd ck.kh xq# xzaFk lkfgc esa ntZ gSA<br />

xq# th dh ekr`Hkk"kk iatkch Fkh] blfy, vkidh ck.kh dk dkQh cM+k Hkkx iatkch esa jpk<br />

x;k gS %<br />

twu 2006<br />

/kkfeZd ln~Hkkouk ds çrhd xq# vtqZu nso th<br />

Mk- jktsUæ fla?k<br />

th- ,p- th- [kkylk dkyst]<br />

xq:lj lq/kkj esa fgUnh ds foHkkxk/;{k<br />

lark ds dkjft vki [kyksbvk<br />

gfj daeq djkof.k vkbvk jkeAA<br />

/kjfr lqgkoh rkyq lqgkok<br />

fofp vafezr tyq Nkbvk jkeAA<br />

gkykafd xq# vtqZu nso th dks<br />

eqLyekuksa ds laidZ esa jgus dk volj xq#<br />

ukud nso th dh vis{kk de feyk] ijUrq<br />

fQj xq# th dh ck.kh ij vjch&Qkjlh<br />

dk xgjk çHkko gS%<br />

jax rax xjhc elr lHkq yksd fl/kklhA<br />

dkth ls[k elkbdk lHks mfB tklhA<br />

ihj iSdkcj vmfy, dks fFk# u jgklhA<br />

jkstk ckx fuokt drsc<br />

fo.kq cq>S lHk tklhAA<br />

iape ikr'kkg ds le; esa iatkc esa<br />

yfganh vkSj fgUnh çns'kksa esa czt dkO;&Hkk"kk<br />

ds :i esa çpfyr FkhA xq# th nksuksa<br />

Hkk"kkvksa esa ck.kh jpus esa fl)&gLr FksA<br />

blh çdkj xq# vtqZu nso th us ,d<br />

vU; foy{k.k Hkk"kk ^lglfØrh* dk<br />

ç;ksx Hkh fd;k gS%<br />

lqHkq cpu je.ka xo.ka<br />

lk/k laxs.k m/kj.kgAA<br />

lalkj lkxj ukud<br />

iqjfi tue u yHkqrsAA<br />

Li"V gS fd iape ikr'kkg laLd`r ds<br />

mPpdksfV ds Kkrk FksA bl çdkj iape<br />

ikr'kkg Jh xq# vtqZu nso th eè;dky esa<br />

mÙkj Hkkjr&eè; Hkkjr esa çpfyr leLr<br />

Hkk"kkvksa ds mRd`"V fo}ku lkfcr gksrs gSaA<br />

okLro esa iape ikr'kkg us Hkk"kk dks<br />

euq";&euq"; ds chp dh nhokj cuus gh<br />

ugha fn;kA mUgksaus euq"; dks Hkk"kkbZ<br />

ladh.kZrk esa ls ckgj fudky dj ekuoh;<br />

çse ds mPp /kjkry ij LFkkfir fd;kA<br />

vkt tks Hkk"kk ds vk/kkj ij<br />

ekuo&ekuo esa HksnHkko foHkktu dh ckr<br />

djrs gSa] mUgsa ln~cqf) çkIr djus gsrq xq#<br />

xzaFk lkfgc dh 'kj.k esa tkuk pkfg, vkSj<br />

iape ikr'kkg ds cgqHkk"kkbZ O;fDrRo ls<br />

lh[k ysuh pkfg,A<br />

39


Jh xq: xzUFk lkfgc th<br />

esa ftu 36 egkiq:"kksa dh<br />

ck.kh vafdr gS]<br />

os fHkUu fHkUu leqnk;ksa]<br />

oxksZa] {ks=ksa]lEink;ksa rFkk<br />

tkfr;ksa ls lEcfU/kr Fks<br />

tks fd vius vki esa ,d<br />

foy{k.k rFkk<br />

vk'p;Ztud rF; gSA<br />

twu 2006<br />

çdk'k frfFk % ƒ‡ vçSy] ƒ‡ˆ…<br />

firk dk uke % xq# jkenkl th<br />

ekrk dk uke % chch Hkkuh th<br />

çdk'k LFkku % xksbUnoky lkfgc<br />

xqjxíh fnol % ƒ flrEcj] ƒ‡Šƒ<br />

xqjxíh dky % „‡ o"kZ<br />

fookg frfFk % lu~ ƒ‡‰‹<br />

fookg LFkku % xk¡o eÅ] rglhy&fQYykSj (iatkc)<br />

iRuh dk uke % (ekrk) xaxk th<br />

liq=h Jh d`".k pUn th<br />

lUrku % ,d iq= (gfjxksfcUn th)<br />

'kghnh fnol % …Œ ebZ] ƒˆŒˆ<br />

'kghnh LFkku % ykgkSj<br />

dqy lalkfjd vk;q % †… o"kZ<br />

çeq[k jpuk,¡ % lq[keuh lkfgc] ckjg ekgk]<br />

ckou v[kjhA<br />

uxj clk, % rju rkju] djrkjiqj (iatkc)]<br />

NsgjVk lkfgc<br />

ledkyhu 'kkld % vdcj] tgk¡xhj<br />

dqy mpfjr ck.kh % dqy „„ƒŠ 'kcn Jh xq: xzUFk lkfgc esa<br />

njt+ gSaA<br />

fo'ks"k % xq# vtqZu nso th us ‡ xq# lkfgcku lfgr<br />

…‡ egkiq#"kksa dh ck.kh dk lEiknu o<br />

ladyu ^vkfn xzUFk lkfgc* ds :i esa<br />

fd;kA bl dk;Z esa HkkbZ xqjnkl th us<br />

fo'ks"k ;ksxnku MkykA vkfn xzUFk lkfgc<br />

th dk igyk çdk'k Hkknks lqnh ƒ lEor~<br />

ƒˆˆƒ (lu~ ƒˆŒ†) dks gfjefUnj lkfgc]<br />

Jh ve`rlj lkfgc esa fd;k x;kA<br />

40

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!