The Numismatic Chronicle 171 Offprint - Royal Numismatic Society
The Numismatic Chronicle 171 Offprint - Royal Numismatic Society The Numismatic Chronicle 171 Offprint - Royal Numismatic Society
394 FRANÇOIS THIERRY Way of the Wise man, as vast as the ocean!’ (Da zai sheng ren zhi dao yangyang hu 大哉聖人之道洋洋乎). 190 43. 一人有慶,萬壽無疆 Nhất nhân hữu khánh, vạn thọ vô cương Ch. Yi ren you qing, wan shou wu jiang // The Unique Man [the King] is blessed by heaven, ten thousand [years] of longevity without limit. Inscription found on coins of the Minh Mạng, 191 Thiệu Trị 192 and Tự Đức 193 eras. The fi rst part comes from the Lü Code (Lü xing 呂刑), in the Annals of Zhou in the Book of Documents (Shujing). 194 The second is a set phrase found in many old texts, including the poem Tianbao in the Shijing, 195 and the poem Chongqiu 崇丘. 196 This eight-character inscription appears on many Chinese amulets. 197 44. 五辰順撫,庶績其凝 Ngũ thần thuận phủ, thứ tích kỳ ngưng Ch. Wu zhen shun fu, shu ji qi ning // Observe the propitious [movement] of the Five Planets, and all works will be achieved perfectly. Inscription found on coins of the Minh Mạng, 198 Thiệu Trị 199 and Tự Đức 200 eras. The inscription is a variant of a passage in the Counsels of Gao Tao (Gao Tao mo 皋 陶謨), in the Book of Documents (Shujing): ‘when observing the [Movement] of the Five Planets, all works will be achieved perfectly’ (fu yu wu chen, shu ji qi ning 撫 于五辰,庶績其凝). 201 5. The eight-character moral maxims on coins of the Thiệu Trị era 45. 自天祐之,吉無不利 Tự thiên hựu chi, cát vô bất lợi Ch. Zi tian you zhi, ji wu bu li // With heavenly blessing, there is nothing that is not benefi cial. 190 Zhongyong, XXVII, p. 57. Legge (Four Books, p. 408) translates this as ‘How great is the part proper to the Sage! Like overfl owing water [it sends forth and nourishes all things, and rises up to the height of heaven].’ 191 bis Lacroix, Numismatique annamite, no. 407 ; Schroeder, Annam. Etudes numismatiques, no. 146; CMV, no. 1555; Barker, Historical cash coins of Viêt Nam, no. 157. 192 AS, III, p. 17; CMVS, no. 429. 193 AMM, no. V211; CMVS, no. 491. 194 Shujing, IV-27, p. 383; see type 48. 195 Shijing, Xiaoya-I-6, p. 183. Waley (Book of Songs, p. 176, no. 167) translates this verse as ‘Lucky and pure are your viands of sacrifi ce/That you use in fi lial offering,/Offerings of invocation, giftofferings, offering in dishes and offering of fi rst-fruits/To dukes and former kings./Those sovereigns say: ‘We give you/Myriad years of life, days unending.’ 196 Shijing, Xiaoya-II-6, p. 194. 197 Lockhart, Glover collection, nos 1850, 1895; ZGHQ, no. 566; CAC, no. 7. 198 Lacroix, Numismatique annamite, no. 423; Schroeder, Annam. Etudes numismatiques, no. 147; AS, III, p. 10; CMV, no. 1556; Barker, Historical cash coins of Viêt Nam, no. 158. 199 Lacroix, Numismatique annamite, no. 456. 200 Lacroix, Numismatique annamite, no. 480. 201 Shujing, I-4, p. 47.
THE CONFUCIAN MESSAGE ON VIETNAMESE COINS 395 Inscription found on coins of the Thiệu Trị 202 and Tự Đức 203 eras. The reverse illustrated by Schroeder (no. 148) and attributed to the Minh Mạng era is a coin of the Thiệu Trị era. This inscription corresponds with the explanation of the Uppermost Nine (or line, undivided, shangjiu 上九) of the hexagram Da you 大有. 204 46. 四海共之,萬世傳之 Tứ hải cộng chi, vạn thế truyền chi Ch. Si hai gong zhi, wan shi chuan zhi // The Four Seas pay homage, ten thousand generations transmit it. Inscription found on coins of the Thiệu Trị 205 and Tự Đức 206 eras. The reverse illustrated by Schroeder (no. 149) and attributed to the Minh Mạng era is not genuine. The ‘Four Seas’ refers to all space and the ‘ten thousand generations’ to a long period of time. Thus, this expression means ‘Throughout the universe and eternity, [the virtue of the wise man (the emperor)] will be honoured and transmitted.’ 47. 澤及當時,恩垂萬世 Trạch cập đang thì, ân thùy vạn thế Ch. Ze ji dang shi, en chui wan shi // Act now, the time is right to benefi t 10,000 generations! Inscription found on coins of the Thiệu Trị207 era. The reverse illustrated by Schroeder (no. 150) and attributed to the Minh Mạng era is a coin of the Thiệu Trị era. On some examples the character ân 恩 (Ch. en) is written in the usual way, but on others the the inner element in the square upper part is written not as 大, but as 士. This type was, of course, abandonned during the Tự Đức era, because when prince Nguyễn Hồng Nậm came to the throne he received the offi cial name Thì 時, which immediately rendered this character a taboo (see above). In the ‘Biography of Wudi’ (Wudi shiji 武帝世紀), we fi nd the phrase ‘Yandi beseeches the people, ‘Act now, the time is right, benefi t 10,000 generations!’ (Yandi jiu min, ze ji dangshi, en chui wan shi, he xiuzai !, 炎帝求民,澤及當時,恩垂萬 世,何休哉). Yandi was the name of Shennong, the second of the Five Emperors and the god of agriculture. The expression Ze ji dangshi 澤及當時 became a set phrase as uttered by Zhuge Liang in Chapter 43 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms (San Guo yanyi 三國演義), by Luo Guanzhong (fourteenth century). 208 202 Schroeder, Annam. Etudes numismatique, no. 217; CMV, no. 1623. 203 CMV, no. 1804. 204 Yijing, XIV, p. 175; Sung punctuates this as 自天祐之。吉。無不利, Sung DZ, Da you, p. 69. 205 Lacroix, Numismatique annamite, no. 451; AMM, no. V145; Barker, Historical cash coins of Viêt Nam, no. 173. 206 CMV, no. 1811. 207 CMV, no. 1611; Barker, Historical cash coins of Viêt Nam, no. 175. 208 San Guo yanyi, Chinese Text Project.
- Page 1: The Numismatic Chronicle 171 Offpri
- Page 4 and 5: 368 FRANÇOIS THIERRY are not inclu
- Page 6 and 7: 370 FRANÇOIS THIERRY A detailed st
- Page 8 and 9: 372 FRANÇOIS THIERRY CATALOGUE OF
- Page 10 and 11: 374 FRANÇOIS THIERRY 3. 帝德廣
- Page 12 and 13: 376 FRANÇOIS THIERRY Inscription f
- Page 14 and 15: 378 FRANÇOIS THIERRY This expressi
- Page 16 and 17: 380 FRANÇOIS THIERRY 3. The four-c
- Page 18 and 19: 382 FRANÇOIS THIERRY Huizong (1101
- Page 20 and 21: 384 FRANÇOIS THIERRY was submissio
- Page 22 and 23: 386 FRANÇOIS THIERRY The fi rst pa
- Page 24 and 25: 388 FRANÇOIS THIERRY 31. 至公至
- Page 26 and 27: 390 FRANÇOIS THIERRY ‘year of gr
- Page 28 and 29: 392 FRANÇOIS THIERRY 川之方至,
- Page 32 and 33: 396 FRANÇOIS THIERRY 48. 一人有
- Page 34 and 35: 398 FRANÇOIS THIERRY 54. 國家無
- Page 36 and 37: 400 FRANÇOIS THIERRY The form of t
- Page 38 and 39: 402 FRANÇOIS THIERRY metropolitan
- Page 40 and 41: 404 FRANÇOIS THIERRY Duan-Tian-Wen
- Page 42: 406 FRANÇOIS THIERRY Zhongyong Zis
THE CONFUCIAN MESSAGE ON VIETNAMESE COINS 395<br />
Inscription found on coins of the Thiệu Trị 202 and Tự Đức 203 eras. <strong>The</strong> reverse<br />
illustrated by Schroeder (no. 148) and attributed to the Minh Mạng era is a coin of<br />
the Thiệu Trị era.<br />
This inscription corresponds with the explanation of the Uppermost Nine (or line,<br />
undivided, shangjiu 上九) of the hexagram Da you 大有. 204<br />
46. 四海共之,萬世傳之 Tứ hải cộng chi, vạn thế truyền chi<br />
Ch. Si hai gong zhi, wan shi chuan zhi // <strong>The</strong> Four Seas pay homage, ten thousand<br />
generations transmit it.<br />
Inscription found on coins of the Thiệu Trị 205 and Tự Đức 206 eras. <strong>The</strong> reverse illustrated<br />
by Schroeder (no. 149) and attributed to the Minh Mạng era is not genuine.<br />
<strong>The</strong> ‘Four Seas’ refers to all space and the ‘ten thousand generations’ to a long period<br />
of time. Thus, this expression means ‘Throughout the universe and eternity, [the<br />
virtue of the wise man (the emperor)] will be honoured and transmitted.’<br />
47. 澤及當時,恩垂萬世 Trạch cập đang thì, ân thùy vạn thế<br />
Ch. Ze ji dang shi, en chui wan shi // Act now, the time is right to benefi t 10,000<br />
generations!<br />
Inscription found on coins of the Thiệu Trị207 era. <strong>The</strong> reverse illustrated by Schroeder<br />
(no. 150) and attributed to the Minh Mạng era is a coin of the Thiệu Trị era.<br />
On some examples the character ân 恩 (Ch. en) is written in the usual way, but on<br />
others the the inner element in the square upper part is written not as 大, but as 士.<br />
This type was, of course, abandonned during the Tự Đức era, because when prince<br />
Nguyễn Hồng Nậm came to the throne he received the offi cial name Thì 時, which<br />
immediately rendered this character a taboo (see above).<br />
In the ‘Biography of Wudi’ (Wudi shiji 武帝世紀), we fi nd the phrase ‘Yandi<br />
beseeches the people, ‘Act now, the time is right, benefi t 10,000 generations!’ (Yandi<br />
jiu min, ze ji dangshi, en chui wan shi, he xiuzai !, 炎帝求民,澤及當時,恩垂萬<br />
世,何休哉). Yandi was the name of Shennong, the second of the Five Emperors<br />
and the god of agriculture. <strong>The</strong> expression Ze ji dangshi 澤及當時 became a set<br />
phrase as uttered by Zhuge Liang in Chapter 43 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms<br />
(San Guo yanyi 三國演義), by Luo Guanzhong (fourteenth century). 208<br />
202 Schroeder, Annam. Etudes numismatique, no. 217; CMV, no. 1623.<br />
203 CMV, no. 1804.<br />
204 Yijing, XIV, p. 175; Sung punctuates this as 自天祐之。吉。無不利, Sung DZ, Da you, p. 69.<br />
205 Lacroix, Numismatique annamite, no. 451; AMM, no. V145; Barker, Historical cash coins of Viêt<br />
Nam, no. 173.<br />
206 CMV, no. 1811.<br />
207 CMV, no. 1611; Barker, Historical cash coins of Viêt Nam, no. 175.<br />
208 San Guo yanyi, Chinese Text Project.
Change language