Conflict, Legitimacy and Government Reform: Equitable Allocation of ...

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Panel Discussion I would like to divide my speech into four parts. The first part elaborates about inequality in the Thai society. The second part answers the question why modern-day Thai governments have not tried to mitigate these inequality. The third part analyzes situations in other countries that successfully mitigated inequality, so we know how they did it. I’ll focus on their fiscal policies 1 compared to Thailand and analyze what Thailand should do. The fourth part is the last part that analyzes why we should uphold a democratic parliamentary system as a mechanism that will eventually lead us to an acceptable fair society. What is the degree of inequality in the Thai society? Inequality appears in many forms. It may be economic, social, political and cultural status. Even language use and treatment may display inequality. The language we use conveys inequality all the time. We can look at the use of pronouns and words that display inequality. Generally, we tend to take them for granted. My speech today will focus on economic inequality which we can take the reading from statistical information to learn how income and wealth disparity are among various groups of people in the society. Income inequality indicates how much standards of living differ. If we want to see genuine affluence, we mainly look at wealth or ownership of properties. Wealth: Recently, TDRI revealed data on property ownership of various groups of Thai families from the poorest 20% to the richest 20% as shown in Table 1. These data tell us that the richest families 20% of the country collectively possess 69 per cent of the properties in the whole country while the poorest families 20% collectively possess only 1 per 1 There is much more to resource management of the country for mitigation of inequality than fiscal policies. In particular, there is much more to revenue generation of the state sector for public spending than taxation. Aside from that, there are also issues concerning state enterprise management, land management and management of other public properties. Due to limited time, overview of taxation policy and state expenditure will be highlighted. 39
40 KPI Congress XI cent. That means the properties owned by the richest families 20% are 69 times higher than the poorest families. This tells us that wealth highly concentrates in only 20 per cent of the people in the country. Table 1: Household property by income group in 2006 (1 = Poorest – 5 = Richest) Group % of the entire country Group 1 1 Group 2 3 Group 3 9 Group 4 18 Group5 69 Source: Kiatpong, Wilatluk and Nalin, 2007 The information concerning who has the largest amount of deposits or owns stocks and lands the most which is the most important wealth indicator also supports the conclusion above. Bank savings: Statistics compiled by the Bank of Thailand for the month of June 2009 inform us that 42 per cent of bank deposits come from around 70,000 accounts that have over 10 million baht per account, accounting for 0.09 per cent of the total number of accounts in the country. Normally, a person has more than one account. On average, suppose each person has two accounts. If that’s the case, then it means 42 per cent of the total deposit amount in the country belongs to only 35,000 persons (or less than that, if many people have more than two accounts). The fact that deposits are concentrated in the hands of a small group of people implies an extremely high income concentration because people who have huge deposits have better investment and incomegenerating opportunities than the have-nots. Stocks in the stock market: A researcher at Thammasat University is studying stock distribution in the stock market to probe how it is.
Page 1: Conflict, Legitimacy and Government
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Page 14 and 15: Conflict, Legitimacy and Government
Page 22 and 23: KPI Congress XI Program Conflict, L
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Page 32 and 33: His Royal Highness Crown Prince Mah
Page 36: Panel Discussion on Conflict, Legit
Page 39: 38 KPI Congress XI Professor Dr. Kr
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Page 51 and 52: 50 KPI Congress XI inheritance tax
Page 53 and 54: 52 KPI Congress XI A good taxation
Page 55 and 56: 54 KPI Congress XI Even though dire
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90 KPI Congress XI Canadian Interna
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92 KPI Congress XI In summary ‘eq
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94 KPI Congress XI and operated, e.
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96 KPI Congress XI Fundamental Link
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98 KPI Congress XI Creating a merit
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104 KPI Congress XI tool through wh
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106 KPI Congress XI a web-site link
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110 KPI Congress XI fairness which
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114 KPI Congress XI The World Movem
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Government and Political Legitimacy
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124 KPI Congress XI (3) Prohibition
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126 KPI Congress XI government stab
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128 KPI Congress XI local resources
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Reform of Economic Policy for Reduc
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Group 3 Judicial Review and Judicia
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142 KPI Congress XI enhanced by a c
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Judicial Activism Judicial Review a
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Judicial Review and Judicial Activi
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Judicial Review and Judicial Activi
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Group 4 Innovation for Political Co
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156 KPI Congress XI 1) Perception o
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160 KPI Congress XI Recommendation
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Citizen Politics in Checking of the
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The Strategy of Public Administrati
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Bureaucratic Reform Dr. Pheeraphon
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Group 7 Reforming Local Government
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182 KPI Congress XI informal worker
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Biographical Information
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196 KPI Congress XI Bovornsak Uwann
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