Conflict, Legitimacy and Government Reform: Equitable Allocation of ...

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Government and Political Legitimacy A Study on “The Parliament System and Suitable Processes for Recruiting senators in Thailand” Dr. Somboon Tosborvorn Objective: To study the parliament system and suitable processes for recruiting senators in Thailand. Methodology: This research explored the parliament system (Unicameralism and Bicameralism) and the members of the Senate or upper houses of 170 countries in a comparative objective study. The research also studied a conceptual framework on sovereignty, conceptual framework of Country State, and problems and barriers in the past regarding the issue of the parliament and the process for recruiting senators in Thailand. Findings: Unicameralism is mostly employed in small countries (86.66%), new countries (68.00%) (except for large new countries or countries with clear racial d i f f e r e n c e s ) a n d c o u n t r i e s r u l e d b y dictatorship (100%), as well as countries in Central America and Africa (60%), Mid and l a r g e - s i z e d c o u n t r i e s w i t h s t a b l e 133
134 KPI Congress XI administrative systems, high levels of education, high-income economics and absolute monarchy systems (4 in 5 countries). Consideration of the Thai setting shows the following: land area ranking 49 th in the world, a population ranking 20th in the world, a population literacy rate of 92.4%, but a secondary education enrollment rate at 64% and an average learning rate of 56.6%. Although information accessibility rates low in Thailand, Thailand’s GDP ranks 34th whereas the GDP per capita (Nominal) ranks 92 and the Human Development Index Ranks 78th. In addition, buying votes for sale during elections are difficult to deny, so Unicameralism is not suitable for Thailand in the near future and Thailand should continue to use Bicameralism. With regard to the process of recruiting senators, the researchers believe that the same process should be used for all senate members in order to gain quality senators with knowledge and ability as suitable for respective senatorial roles and responsibilities. Thus, in order to form a link with the people, the researchers hold the belief that the same for all senators and the suitable process is found in the first steps of the searching process as set forth in the Constitution of 2007. Furthermore, one process that allowed the people be the final selectors involved holding nationwide elections should be used, and the Recruitment Committee should be improved to avoid overlapping benefits between the senators and the Recruitment Committee.
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