Conflict, Legitimacy and Government Reform: Equitable Allocation of ...

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Panel Discussion improvements in the delivery, culture and responsiveness of many services. 11 Citizens’ charters have been broadly adopted, especially in commonwealth countries. Legislating, promoting and enforcing right to information acts: The passage of the 2005 Right to Information Act in India is a step in this direction. As its preamble notes, the act seeks “to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority.” It was enacted in the belief that “an informed citizenry and transparency of information” is vital in any democracy “to hold governments and their instrumentalities accountable to the governed.” Its enactment holds out the serious hope that social movements can now access information necessary to promote social and administrative justice. The hope is sustained by the experience of social movements with the right to information act legislated in the Indian state of Rajasthan in 2000. The Rajasthan Right to Information Act has, among other things, been used by NGOs to check corruption in rural works. Well-known activists Aruna Roy and Nikhil Dey refer to two such incidents: - In 1998 . . . the Sarpanches [local officials] of Kukarkhada (Rajsamand district), Rawatmala and Surajpura (Ajmer district) apologized for committing fraud and publicly returned money after being confronted with incontrovertible public evidence at a public hearing. - In 2001, in Janawad panchayat (Raj samand district) the information of public works expenditure painted on a panchayat wall led to the people to mobilize and protest exposing fraud and ghost works amounting to Rs.70 lakh, at a public hearing. This was later substantiated by a special 11 House of Commons – Public Administration Select Committee. “From Citizen’s Charter to Public Service Guarantees: Entitlement to Public Services”, July 15, 2008, p. 9, http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmpubadm/411/ 411.pdf. 99
100 KPI Congress XI government investigation leading to a number of institutionalized measures of transparency and accountability. Landmark events like these, facilitated by people’s use of the right to information, have had a profound impact in the whole State. Slowly but surely, corruption in public works has been curtailed. 12 Requiring civil servants to declare assets: In the past few years, the Bulgarian government has instituted a requirement of judges to file a declaration of assets. Judges must now report their property and income on an annual basis beginning with their appointment and ending upon their departure. Filing a declaration of assets may deter the acquisition of improper income while serving on the bench. It will clearly force judges to declare their home and major personal possessions, such as an automobile. The Supreme Judicial Council’s Anti-Corruption Committee has authority, along with the National Audit Office, to verify information about the existence of serious differences between the judges’ declared assets and acquired assets. 13 2. Enhancing Performance of those Organizations which Hold Government Accountable A strong, vibrant and organized civil society can be critical to enhancing equitable allocation of resources. Civil society organizations hold the potential to both strengthen and challenge the capacity of governments to pursue equitable allocation of resources. Some specific approaches include the following: Social accountability processes such as citizen report cards: For example, the Public Affairs Centre in Bangalore leads a process where citizens rate various pubic services over time. The 12 CHIMNI, B.S. “Co-option and Resistance: Two Faces of Global Administrative Law”, International Law and Politics, Vol. 37, no 399, October 2006, p. 810, http:// www.iilj.org/GAL/documents/CO-OPTIONANDRESISTANCETWOFACESOF.pdf 13 American Bar Association, Judicial Reform Index for Bulgaria Volume II, April 2004, p. 31.
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Conflict, Legitimacy and Government
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38 KPI Congress XI Professor Dr. Kr
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44 KPI Congress XI Table 3: Average
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Citizen Politics in Checking of the
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The Strategy of Public Administrati
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Bureaucratic Reform Dr. Pheeraphon
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Group 7 Reforming Local Government
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182 KPI Congress XI informal worker
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Biographical Information
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196 KPI Congress XI Bovornsak Uwann
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