Food-Processing-Plant-Design-layout

Food Processing Plant Design & layout
Research in operations or operation research provide solution for above said complex
problems arising in the direction and management of large systems of men, machines,
materials and money in industry and business governance.
The significant features of operations research can be stated as:
Decision making tool
Scientific approach.
inter-disciplinary team approach
System approach
Operations research largely depends on computation.
Objective.
14.2 Models in operations research:
Operations research expresses a problem by a model: A model is a theoretical abstraction
(approximation) of a real-life problem. It can also be defined as a simplified representation
of an operations or a process in which only the basic aspects or the most important features
of a typical problem under investigation are considered. The object of the models is to
provide means for analysing the behaviour of the system for the purpose of improving its
performance.
14.3 Techniques used in operations research:
Linear Programming. It is used in the solution of problems concerned with
assignment of personnel, blending of materials, transportation and distribution,
facility planning, media selection, product mix etc.
Dynamic Programming. It is used for optimization (for example, finding the shortest
path between two points, or the fastest way to multiply many matrices). A dynamic
programming algorithm will examine all possible ways to solve the problem and
will pick the best solution. Therefore, we can roughly think of dynamic
programming as an intelligent, brute-force method that enables us to go through all
possible solutions to pick the best one.
Queuing Theory. It is used in solving problems concerned with traffic congestion,
servicing machines subject to breakdown, air traffic scheduling, production
scheduling, and determining optimum number of repair for a group of machines.
Inventory theory. It was also known as mathematical theory of inventory and
production. It is concerned with the design of production/inventory systems to
minimize costs. It studies the decisions faced by firms in connection with
manufacturing, warehousing, supply chains, spare part allocation and so on; it
provides the mathematical foundation for logistics.
CPM and PERT Techniques. CPM (Critical Path Method) and PERT (Project
Evaluation and Review Technique) may be important tools for effective project
management. Any project with interdependent activities can apply CPM method of
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