Food-Processing-Plant-Design-layout

Food Processing Plant Design & layout
columns. It may be multi-storied building or even single storied building. In this case, walls
are simply dividing the area in to different portions/sections. The strength of wall is not
much important as the entire load is taken by beams and columns. If the size of room is
small in case of load bearing structure, beam is not required. The external walls take the
load and transfer it to the soil. In construction of walls using bricks, it is desirable to
staggered the joints. Mortar of suitable proportion of cement to sand ratio is recommended
for different types of walls. Optimum quantity of water is necessary in the mortar for
proper spreading and setting of plaster.
16.12.2.2 Surface finishing for walls
Plastering using cement to sand ratio of 1:2 or 1:3 is used for surface finish of walls. The
plaster is generally applied in two coats (1) floating coat and (2) finished coat. The floating
coat of the plaster is 1.5 to 2.0 cm thick. The main purposes of plastering are as follows.
To hide irregularity of walls (grooves)
To avoid unevenness of wall during construction
To improve the appearance of the wall
It provides or facilitates the application of suitable paint
It also prevents deterioration and protects the wall from external atmospheric effect.
Ceramic glazed tiles/vitrified tiles are also used for the purpose of wall finish.
16.12.3 Ceramic/Glazed Tiles
Glazed tiles are laid up to the height of 2 m in the processing room and other sections of
dairy plant. The use of glazed tiles provides a surface which can be easily cleaned and
hygienic conditions can be maintained. These tiles also make the wall waterproof.
16.12.3.1 Classification of Tiles
Non – vitreous: Non-vitreous tiles has a high degree of moisture absorption greater
than 7% of the weight of the tiles. Even though, it does not prevent the tiles from
having high degree of strength and it also facilitates installation because of their
adherence to the mortar.
Semi-vitreous: These tiles have a high density that limits the moisture adsorption to
3-7% of the weight of the tiles.
Vitreous: These tiles have a moisture absorption of 0.5 to 3.0%.
Impervious: These tiles are the hard and their moisture absorption is less than 0.5%
and they are readily cleaned off stains and dirt.
In lower portion of the wall of RMRD and cold store, damage may occur. Skirting is
provided in the processing room to make lower portion of the wall hard. Bumper rails in
cold store and railing on the walls are provided to prevent the damage due to crates/cans.
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