Food-Processing-Plant-Design-layout

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Food Processing Plant Design & layoutIt should be strong enough to withstand the effect of falling objects, cans, boxes(impact resistance)It should have high resistance to abrasion (wear and tear).It should have desired slope towards drains In processing section, the slope should be 1:80. In bottling section and RMRD, the slope should be 1:40.16.5.2 Different types of floor:Cement concrete floorTerrazzo floor used in officesTile floor having either natural stones or synthetic tilesMetal floorGrill floor16.6 Bedding and jointing for tile floorsThe optimum result can be achieved by adopting most appropriate way of laying andfilling the joints. The materials used for the purpose mainly depend on the type of flooringmaterial used in different sections of a plant. Some of the ways of bedding and joining thefloor tiles are given below.16.6.1 Portland cementPortland cement mortar is most commonly used for bedding material for fixing floortiles/stones. Portland cement mortar is resistant to alkalis, but it is attacked by acids anddairy wastes. It is necessary to take adequate care to make water tight joint.16.6.2 Super sulfated cementSuper sulfated cement is a mixture of ground blast furnace slag, calcium sulfate andPortland cement. It requires special care during hardening after laying. It is resistant toacidic and alkalis.16.6.3 Rubber latex cementsRubber latex cements are available for in situ floorings and are based on polyester andepoxy resins. Unsaturated polyesters which in the presence of a catalyst, react with anotherresin such as styrene, are usually employed for polyester flooring. It is susceptible to attackby alkalis and therefore cannot be used in dairy plants.www.AgriMoon.com114
Food Processing Plant Design & layout16.7 Metal tiles, plates and gridsMetal tiles of two main types.1) anchor steel plates2) cost iron metal tilesBoth types are very suitable to resist impact and abrasion in dairies. They also resist theaction of alkalis but they are subject to attack by weak acids.The anchor plate is usually 12” x 12”size made of 10 gauge steel in the form of a shallowtray of about 7/8” thickness and the wearing surface is punched to give downwardlyprojected twisted anchors which anchor the plate to the bedding material. For laying theanchor plates, upturned tray is filled with concrete and after inversion it is tamped intoposition until it is firmly embedded in the concrete.The cast iron metal steel is made of a square or a right angled triangle, apart from thehypotenuse, the sides of each type are 12” long and the tile is about 1” thick and has aprojecting foot at each corner. These tiles are bedded in cement mortar and tamped downuntil the feet rest firmly on the structural base, so that the stresses on the tile are transferredevenly to the structure.Metal plates are used frequently on dispatch docks and in cold stores to provide verydurable wearing surfaces over concrete flooring. Metal grids are sometimes incorporated infloor surfaces as reinforcement against abrasion and are embedded in the topping so thatthe upper side of the grid is flush with the floor surface.16.7.1 Cast iron grill floorCast iron tiles have a hollow honey comb-like structure which gives a strong surface andhas no slipperiness. This type of tiles has no problem of looseness from concrete surface. Itgives less noise than metal tiles when cans are moved over it. This floor has high impactand abrasion resistance. Some time, concrete part of cast iron grill floor may be eaten awaydue the action of h milk or acid. .16.7.2 Cement Concrete FloorThe general construction includes a structural base of RCC or concrete, a screed laid to fall,a water proof membrane, a bedding mortar and a top finishing surface or layer or awearing surface.16.7.3 Curing of concrete:Curing of concrete is necessary to increase the strength and water tightness as cement reactswith water at a slow rate and it then becomes hard. The aggregate then formed has noreaction but it forms a strong bond and fills in the pores. Normally the structural base is 10-15 cm thick. Concrete food plant generally comprises cement to sand to aggregate in theratio 1:3:5.www.AgriMoon.com115
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Food-Processing-Plant-Design-layout

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