Production Practices and Quality Assessment of Food Crops. Vol. 1

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82 M. Génard and F. Lescourret Marini, R.P. and J. R. Trout (1984). Sampling procedures for minimizing variation in peach fruit quality. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 109: 361–364. Marini, R. P., D. Sowers and M. C. Marini (1991). Peach fruit quality is affected by shade during final swell of fruit growth. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 116: 383–389. Moriguchi, T., K. Abe, T. Sanada and S. Yamaki (1992). Levels and role of sucrose synthase, sucrosephosphate synthase, and acid invertase in sucrose accumulation in fruit of Asian pear. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 117: 274–278. Nobel, P. S. (1974). Introduction to Biophysical Plant Physiology. W.H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco, CA, 487 pp. Pangborn, R. M. (1963). Relative taste intensities of selected sugars and organic acids. J. Food Sci. 28: 726–733. Rabbinge, R., S. A. Ward and H. H. van Laar (1989). Simulation and systems management in crop protection. Pudoc, Wageningen, 420 pp. Rieux, R., S. Simon and H. Defrance (1999). Role of hedgerows and ground cover management on arthropod populations in pear orchards. Agr. Ecosyst. Environ. 73: 119–127. Rijsdijk, F. H. (1986). Weeds, pests and disease. In H. van Keulen and J. Wolf (eds.), Modelling of agricultural production: weather, soils and crops. Pudoc, Wageningen, pp. 277–304. Robertson, J. A., F. I. Meredith and R. Scorza (1988). Characteristics of fruit from high and lowquality peach cultivars. HortScience 23: 1032–1034. Robertson, J. A., F. I. Meredith, B. G. Lyon, G. W. Chapman and W. B. Sherman (1992). Ripening and cold storage changes in the quality characteristics of non-melting clingstone peaches (Fla 9- 20C). J. Food Sci. 57: 462–465. Rossing, W. A. H. (1991). Simulation of damage in winter wheat caused by the grain aphid Sitobion avenae. 2. Construction and evaluation of a simulation model. Neth. J. Plant Path. 97: 25–54. Sansavini, S. (1997). Integrated fruit production in Europe: research and strategies for a sustainable agriculture. Sci. Hortic. 68: 25–36. Seem, R. C., D. C. Elfving, T. R. Oren and S. P. Eisensmith (1986). A carbon balance model for apple tree growth and production. Acta Hortic. 184: 129–137. Simmoneau, T., R. Habib, J. P. Goutouly and J. G. Huguet (1993). Diurnal changes in stem diameter depend upon variations in water content: direct evidence in peach trees. J. Exp. Bot. 44: 615–621. Smith, G. S., I. M. Gravett, C. M. Edwards, J. P. Curtis and J. G. Buwalda (1994). Spatial analysis of the canopy of kiwifruit vines as it relates to the physical, chemical and postharvest attributes of the fruit. Ann. Bot. 73: 99–111. Souty, M., and P. André (1975). Composition biochimique et qualité des pêches. Ann. Technol. Agric. 24: 217–236. Sprugel, D. G., T. M. Hinckley and W. Schaap (1991). The theory and practice of branch autonomy. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 22: 309–334. Thornley, J. H. M. and I. R. Johnson (1990). Plant and Crop Modelling. A Mathematical Approach to Plant and Crop Physiology. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 669 pp. Van Meeteren, U. (1998). Quality models in horticulture need product quality: a rare but challenging field of exploration. Acta Hortic. 456: 175–183. Vannière, M. P. and J. G. Huguet (1991). Scheduling irrigation by using micromorphometric observations. Acta Hortic. 297: 18–21. Wermelinger, B., J. Baumgärtner and A. P. Gutierrez (1991). A demographic model of assimilation and allocation of carbon and nitrogen in grapevines. Ecol. Model. 53: 1–26. Wit, de C.T. and J. Goudriaan (1978). Simulation of ecological processes. Pudoc, Wageningen, 175 pp. Yamaguchi, S., T. Yoshikawa, S. Ikeda and T. Ninomiya (1970). Studies on the taste of some sweet substances. Part I. Measurement of the relative sweetness. Agr. Biol. Chem. 34: 181–186. Yamaki, S. and K. Ishikawa (1986). Roles of four sorbitol related enzymes and invertase in the seasonal alteration of sugar metabolism in apple tissue. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 111: 134–137.
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Production Practices and Quality As
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Production Practices and Quality As
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CONTENTS Preface List of Authors Ef
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PREFACE Today, in a world with abun
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LIST OF AUTHORS Rufaro M. Madakadze
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EFFECT OF PREHARVEST FACTORS ON THE
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2.1. Temperature Effect of Preharve
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e beneficial to the water economy a
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Other responses that can also be ca
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06. Failure of fruits to ripen in t
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of more than 13 hours of night temp
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temperatures. Some show serious int
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Effect of Preharvest Factors 15 bet
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1) High rainfall conditions where B
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increase in the release of P i from
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however, more severe when foliage i
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temperatures and luxuriant growth a
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development of chilling injury symp
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conditions followed by sudden high
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season. The main environmental fact
Page 42 and 43: 4.4.5.2. Water blisters Storage roo
Page 44 and 45: Effect of Preharvest Factors 33 REF
Page 46 and 47: Effect of Preharvest Factors 35 men
Page 48 and 49: EFFECTS OF AGRONOMIC PRACTICES AND
Page 50 and 51: Effects of Agronomic Practices 39 F
Page 52 and 53: Effects of Agronomic Practices 41 6
Page 54 and 55: Effects of Agronomic Practices 43 F
Page 56 and 57: Effects of Agronomic Practices 45 R
Page 58 and 59: MODELLING FRUIT QUALITY: ECOPHYSIOL
Page 60 and 61: Modelling Fruit Quality 49 the dens
Page 62 and 63: Is it the only level to be consider
Page 64 and 65: To calculate the hydrostatic pressu
Page 66 and 67: on an analysis of the biophysical p
Page 68 and 69: Modelling Fruit Quality 57 fructose
Page 70 and 71: Modelling Fruit Quality 59 Figure 4
Page 72 and 73: f(dd) = dd max - dd dd max - dd min
Page 76 and 77: which depends on climate and irriga
Page 80 and 81: distributed over the period during
Page 84 and 85: Modelling Fruit Quality 73 Pruning
Page 86 and 87: with Fo, Pe and Pr being local ‘d
Page 88 and 89: Modelling Fruit Quality 77 than in
Page 90 and 91: Modelling Fruit Quality 79 Dann, I.
Page 94 and 95: SPRAY TECHNOLOGY IN PERENNIAL TREE
Page 96 and 97: Spray Technology in Perennial Tree
Page 98 and 99: With centrifugal energy systems dro
Page 100 and 101: fruit orchards is described as 1000
Page 102 and 103: According to Furness (2000), the nu
Page 104 and 105: sprayers which were developed prima
Page 106 and 107: air-blast sprayers in an attempt to
Page 108 and 109: Most agricultural chemicals have be
Page 110 and 111: educing dosage rates to one quarter
Page 116 and 117: CHESTNUT, AN ANCIENT CROP WITH FUTU
Page 118 and 119: 2. WORLD AREA OF CHESTNUT AND PRODU
Page 120 and 121: Table 2. Chestnut production in the
Page 122 and 123: vineyards and north facing to chest
Page 124 and 125: Chestnut, an Ancient Crop with Futu
Page 126 and 127: Table 5. Continued. Chestnut, an An
Page 134 and 135: Table 6. Continued. Chestnut, an An
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Chestnut, an Ancient Crop with Futu
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size. When the trees develop too mu
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6.5. Management of old orchards Che
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the disease is already established
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where ink disease is rampant, disea
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8.4. Micropropagation Several in vi
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9.3. Hybrids Chestnut breeding in E
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IMPROVEMENT OF GRAIN LEGUME PRODUCT
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Improvement of Grain Legume Product
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2.8. Field experiments The greenhou
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IMPACT OF OZONE ON CROPS S. DEL VAL
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Impact of Ozone on Crops 191 observ
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Impact of Ozone on Crops 193 1996).
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Impact of Ozone on Crops 195 Figure
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Impact of Ozone on Crops 197 al., 1
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Impact of Ozone on Crops 199 techni
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species show a progressive decline
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Impact of Ozone on Crops 203 Chaime
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Impact of Ozone on Crops 205 Junge,
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Impact of Ozone on Crops 207 Polle,
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SAFFRON QUALITY: EFFECT OF AGRICULT
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1.2. Commercial interest Saffron Qu
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1.3. Uses Saffron Quality 213 There
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oriental-type perfumes (Sampathu et
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Saffron Quality 217 Figure 5. Chemi
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Straubinger et al., 1997; Straubing
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and Micheli, 1979; Curro et al., 19
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Saffron Quality 223 Figure 9. Chemi
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(1984) gives the following data: δ
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Saffron Quality 227 Table 3. HPLC a
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Saffron Quality 229 464/2001, OJ L6
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Saffron Quality 231 Saffron in fila
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Saffron Quality 233 sium were the q
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Saffron Quality 235 Figure 11. The
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Saffron Quality 237 Figure 12. Harv
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Morocco. Ait-Oubahou and El-Otmani
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and Micheli, 1979a; Sampathu et al.
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Saffron Quality 243 Table 8. Drying
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Saffron Quality 245 space for sorti
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unpleasant sensory characteristics
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Saffron Quality 249 The effect of
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Saffron Quality 251 Table 10. Effec
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Saffron Quality 253 Alonso, G. L.,
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Saffron Quality 255 Escribano, J.,
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Saffron Quality 257 tion combined w
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Saffron Quality 259 Selim, K., M. T
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FRUIT AND VEGETABLES HARVESTING SYS
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3. PRINCIPLES AND DEVICES FOR THE D
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exert a vertical pulling force to t
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Fruit and Vegetables Harvesting Sys
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- fingers or spikes; - oscillatory
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- frequency and - amplitude of vibr
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To calculate the number of directio
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For the cleaning and separation of
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