Production Practices and Quality Assessment of Food Crops. Vol. 1

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CONTENTS Preface List of Authors Effect of Preharvest Factors on the Quality of Vegetables Produced in the Tropics – Vegetables: Growing Environment and the Quality of Produce Rufaro M. Madakadze and Judith Kwaramba Effects of Agronomic Practices and Processing Conditions on Tomato Ingredients Volker Böhm Modelling Fruit Quality: Ecophysiological, Agronomical and Ecological Perspectives Michel Génard and Françoise Lescourret Spray Technology in Perennial Tree Crops Sally A. Bound Chestnut, An Ancient Crop With Future S. Pereira-Lorenzo and A. M. Ramos-Cabrer Improvement of Grain Legume Production in Semi-Arid Kenya Through Biological Nitrogen Fixation: The Experience With Tepary Bean (Phaseolus Acutifolius A. Gray Var. Latifolius) Chris A. Shisanya Impact of Ozone on Crops S. del Valle-Tascon and J. L. Carrasco-Rodriguez Saffron Quality: Effect of Agricultural Practices, Processing and Storage Stella A. Ordoudi and Maria Z. Tsimidou Fruit and Vegetables Harvesting Systems Margarita Ruiz-Altisent, Jaime Ortiz-Cañavate and Constantino Valero v vii ix 1–36 37–46 47–82 83–104 105–161 163–188 189–208 209–260 261–285
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Page 2 and 3: Production Practices and Quality As
Page 4 and 5: Production Practices and Quality As
Page 8 and 9: PREFACE Today, in a world with abun
Page 10 and 11: LIST OF AUTHORS Rufaro M. Madakadze
Page 12 and 13: EFFECT OF PREHARVEST FACTORS ON THE
Page 14 and 15: 2.1. Temperature Effect of Preharve
Page 16 and 17: e beneficial to the water economy a
Page 18 and 19: Other responses that can also be ca
Page 20 and 21: 06. Failure of fruits to ripen in t
Page 22 and 23: of more than 13 hours of night temp
Page 24 and 25: temperatures. Some show serious int
Page 26 and 27: Effect of Preharvest Factors 15 bet
Page 28 and 29: 1) High rainfall conditions where B
Page 30 and 31: increase in the release of P i from
Page 32 and 33: however, more severe when foliage i
Page 34 and 35: temperatures and luxuriant growth a
Page 36 and 37: development of chilling injury symp
Page 38 and 39: conditions followed by sudden high
Page 40 and 41: season. The main environmental fact
Page 42 and 43: 4.4.5.2. Water blisters Storage roo
Page 44 and 45: Effect of Preharvest Factors 33 REF
Page 46 and 47: Effect of Preharvest Factors 35 men
Page 48 and 49: EFFECTS OF AGRONOMIC PRACTICES AND
Page 50 and 51: Effects of Agronomic Practices 39 F
Page 52 and 53: Effects of Agronomic Practices 41 6
Page 54 and 55: Effects of Agronomic Practices 43 F
Page 56 and 57:
Effects of Agronomic Practices 45 R
Page 58 and 59:
MODELLING FRUIT QUALITY: ECOPHYSIOL
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Modelling Fruit Quality 49 the dens
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Is it the only level to be consider
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To calculate the hydrostatic pressu
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on an analysis of the biophysical p
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Modelling Fruit Quality 57 fructose
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Modelling Fruit Quality 59 Figure 4
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f(dd) = dd max - dd dd max - dd min
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which depends on climate and irriga
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distributed over the period during
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Modelling Fruit Quality 73 Pruning
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with Fo, Pe and Pr being local ‘d
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Modelling Fruit Quality 77 than in
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Modelling Fruit Quality 79 Dann, I.
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Modelling Fruit Quality 81 Huguet,
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SPRAY TECHNOLOGY IN PERENNIAL TREE
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Spray Technology in Perennial Tree
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With centrifugal energy systems dro
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fruit orchards is described as 1000
Page 102 and 103:
According to Furness (2000), the nu
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sprayers which were developed prima
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air-blast sprayers in an attempt to
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Most agricultural chemicals have be
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educing dosage rates to one quarter
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
CHESTNUT, AN ANCIENT CROP WITH FUTU
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2. WORLD AREA OF CHESTNUT AND PRODU
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Table 2. Chestnut production in the
Page 122 and 123:
vineyards and north facing to chest
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Chestnut, an Ancient Crop with Futu
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Table 5. Continued. Chestnut, an An
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
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Table 6. Continued. Chestnut, an An
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
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size. When the trees develop too mu
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
6.5. Management of old orchards Che
Page 154 and 155:
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the disease is already established
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where ink disease is rampant, disea
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8.4. Micropropagation Several in vi
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9.3. Hybrids Chestnut breeding in E
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Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
IMPROVEMENT OF GRAIN LEGUME PRODUCT
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Improvement of Grain Legume Product
Page 178 and 179:
Page 180 and 181:
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
2.8. Field experiments The greenhou
Page 190 and 191:
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Page 196 and 197:
Page 198 and 199:
Page 200 and 201:
IMPACT OF OZONE ON CROPS S. DEL VAL
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Impact of Ozone on Crops 191 observ
Page 204 and 205:
Impact of Ozone on Crops 193 1996).
Page 206 and 207:
Impact of Ozone on Crops 195 Figure
Page 208 and 209:
Impact of Ozone on Crops 197 al., 1
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Impact of Ozone on Crops 199 techni
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species show a progressive decline
Page 214 and 215:
Impact of Ozone on Crops 203 Chaime
Page 216 and 217:
Impact of Ozone on Crops 205 Junge,
Page 218 and 219:
Impact of Ozone on Crops 207 Polle,
Page 220 and 221:
SAFFRON QUALITY: EFFECT OF AGRICULT
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1.2. Commercial interest Saffron Qu
Page 224 and 225:
1.3. Uses Saffron Quality 213 There
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oriental-type perfumes (Sampathu et
Page 228 and 229:
Saffron Quality 217 Figure 5. Chemi
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Straubinger et al., 1997; Straubing
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and Micheli, 1979; Curro et al., 19
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Saffron Quality 223 Figure 9. Chemi
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(1984) gives the following data: δ
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Saffron Quality 227 Table 3. HPLC a
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Saffron Quality 229 464/2001, OJ L6
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Saffron Quality 231 Saffron in fila
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Saffron Quality 233 sium were the q
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Saffron Quality 235 Figure 11. The
Page 248 and 249:
Saffron Quality 237 Figure 12. Harv
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Morocco. Ait-Oubahou and El-Otmani
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and Micheli, 1979a; Sampathu et al.
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Saffron Quality 243 Table 8. Drying
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Saffron Quality 245 space for sorti
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unpleasant sensory characteristics
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Saffron Quality 249 The effect of
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Saffron Quality 251 Table 10. Effec
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Saffron Quality 253 Alonso, G. L.,
Page 266 and 267:
Saffron Quality 255 Escribano, J.,
Page 268 and 269:
Saffron Quality 257 tion combined w
Page 270 and 271:
Saffron Quality 259 Selim, K., M. T
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FRUIT AND VEGETABLES HARVESTING SYS
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3. PRINCIPLES AND DEVICES FOR THE D
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exert a vertical pulling force to t
Page 278 and 279:
Fruit and Vegetables Harvesting Sys
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- fingers or spikes; - oscillatory
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- frequency and - amplitude of vibr
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Page 288 and 289:
Page 290 and 291:
To calculate the number of directio
Page 292 and 293:
For the cleaning and separation of
Page 294 and 295:
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