Production Practices and Quality Assessment of Food Crops. Vol. 1

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Effect of Preharvest Factors 33 REFERENCES Abdel-Madsoud, M. M., A. B. AbouAzia, A. S. Abdel Kader and K. A. Abdel-Samie. Influence of growing season and storage temperature on chilling injury of tomato fruits. Egypt J. Hort. 1: 271. Ahn, J. K., W. W. Collins and D. M. Pharr (1980). Gas atmosphere in submerged sweet potato roots. Hort. Science 15: 795–796. Auho, W. R. and W. J. Bramlage (1986). Chilling sensitivity of tomato fruit in relation to ripening and senescence. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 111: 201. Baardeseth, P. and H. J. Rosenfeld (1984). Proc. Symposium on quality of vegetables, Acta Horticult., 163 Bangerth, F. (1979). Calcium related physiological disorders of plants. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 17: 97–122. Benoit, F., N. Ceustermans and E. Maloupa (ed.), D. Gerasopoulos (2001). Impact of roof cooling on blossom end rot in soil less paprika. Act. Horticulture 548: 319–325. Bergmann, W. (1983) Ernahrungsstorungen bei Kulteurpflanzen, Entstehung und Diagnose. Fischer, Jena. Birnbaum, E. H., W. M. Dugger and B. C. A. Beasley (1977). Interaction of boron with components of nucleic acid metabolism in cotton ovules cultured in vitro. Plant Physiol. 59: 1034–1038. Bramlage, W. J. (1982). Chilling injury of crops of temperate origin. HortSci. 17: 165. Bussler, W. (1963). Die Entiwicklung von Calcium-Mangelsymptomen. Z. Pflanzenernaehr., Dueng., Bodenkd. 100: 53–58. Caldwell, C. R. and A. Haug (1981). Temperature dependence of the barley root plasma membranebound Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ – dependent ATPase. Physiol. Plant 53: 117–124. Cantwell, M. and T. Suslow (2001). Cabbages (Round & Chinese types): Recommendations for maintaining Post harvest Quality. http://postharvest.ucdavis.edu/Produce/ProduceFacts/Veg/cabbage.html Chauhan, R. P. S. and S. L. Powar (1978). Tolerance of wheat and pea to boron in irrigation water. Plant Soil. 50: 145–149. Chew, W. Y. (1970). Effects of lengths of growing season and NPK fertilizers on the yield of five varieties of sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) on peat. Malaysian Agricultural Journal 47: 453–464. Christiansen, M. N., H. R. Carns and D. J. Slyter (1970). Stimulation of solute loss from radicles of Gossypium hirsitum L. by chilling, anaerobiasis, and low pH. Plant Physiol. 46: 53–56. Clark, C. A. and J. W. Moyer (1988). Compendium of sweet potato diseases. The American Phytophathological Society. APS Press. Corey, K. A., W. W. Collins and D. M. Pharr (1982). Effect of duration of soil saturation on ethanol concentration and storage loss of sweet potato roots. Journal of Ame. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 107: 196–198. Couey, H. M. (1982). Chilling injury of crops of tropical and subtropical origin. Hort. Sci. 17: 162. El-Sheik, A. M., A. Ulrich, S. K Awad and A. E. Mawardy (1971). Boron tolerance of squash, melon, cucumber and corn. J. Am. Sco. Hortic. Sci. 97: 536–537. Evans, H. J. and R. A. Wildes, (1971). Potassium and its role in enzyme activation. Proc. 8th Colloq. Int. Potash Inst. Bern, pp. 13–39. Feliciano and Lugo-Lopez (1977). Flurry, R. B., F. M. K. Isenberg and M. C. Jorgensen (1977). Postharvest storage response of cabbage subjected to various diurnal freeze-thaw regimes. Acta Hortic 62: 217 Gakonyo, N. (1993). Processed Sweet Potato. Responding to Kenya’s Urban Needs. Working paper in Agricultural Economics, July 1993. Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. Goddard, M. S. and R. H. Mathews (1979). Contribution of fruits and vegetables to human nutrition, HortSci. 14: 3. Goodenough, P. W. and R. K. Atkin (1979). Quality in stored and processed vegetables and fruit. Proc. seventh Long Ashton Symposium, 1979, Academic Press, London, 1981. Goor, J. van (1966). The role of Calcium and cell permeability in the disease blossom-end rot of tomatoes. Physiol. Plant. 21: 1110–1121. Graham, D. and B. D. Patterson (1982). Responses of plants to low, non-freezing temperatures: proteins, metabolism, and acclimation. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 33: 347.
34 R. M. Madakadze and J. Kwaramba Grewal, J. S. and S. N. Singh (1980). Effect of potassium nutrition on frost damage and yield of potato plants on alluvial soils of the Punjab (India). PlantSoil 57: 105–110. Gupta, U. C. (1979). Boron nutrition of crops. Adv. Agron. 31: 273–307. Handy, C. and C. Harger (1977). Changes in consumer satisfaction with food products and services. ERS, USDA, NFS-159: pp. 24–27 Hartemink, A. E., S. Poloma, M. Maino, K. S. Powell, Z. Egenae and J. N. O’Sullivan (2000). Yield decline of sweet potato in the humid low lands of Papua New Guinea. Agricultural Ecosystems and Environment 79(2–3): 259–269. Hecht-Buchholz, C. (1979). Calcium deficiency and plant ultrastructreu. Commun. Soil. Sci. Plant Anal. 10: 67–81. Herdt, H. W., C. J. Chon, D. Maronde, A. Herold, Z. S. Stankovic, P. Walker; A. Kraminer, M. R. Kirk and U. Heber (1977). Role of orothophosphate and other factos in the regulation of starch formation in leaves and isolated chloroplasts. Plant Physiol. 5a9: 1146–1155. Hetcht-Buchholz, C. (1979). Calcium deficiency and platn ultrastructure. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 10: 67–81. http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/sustainable/peet/profiles/ppcabage.html; http:// www.cals.ncsu.edu/sustainable/peet/profiles/ppleafy.html Humble, G. D. and K. Raschke (1971). Stomatal opening quantitatively related to potassium transport. Plant Physiol. 48: 447–453. Ilker, Y. and L. L. Morris (1975). Alleviation of chilling injury of okra. HortSci. 10: 324. Kader, A. A., J. M. Lyons and L. L. Morris (1974). Postharvest responses of vegetables to pre-harvest field temperature. HortSci. 9: 523. Kang, H. M. and K. W. Park (1999) Effect of pre-harvest heat treatment on alleviation of chilling stress of mature green tomatoes in low temperature storage. Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science 40(6): 647–651 Kay (1973). Kemble, J. M., E. J Sikeru, G. W. Zehnder and M. G. Patterson (1996). Guide to Commercial Sweet Potato Production in Alabama, WWW.aces.edu.department/.ipm/anr982.htm King, M. M. and P. M. Ludford (1983). Chilling injury and electrolyte leakage in fruit of different tomato cultivars –. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 108: 74. Kluge, R. (1971). Beitrag zum Problem des B-Mangels bei landwirtschaftlichen Kulturen als Folge der Bodentrockenheit. Arch. Acker Pflanzenbau Bodenkg. 15: 749–754. Konno, H., T. Yamaya, Y. Yamasaki and H. Matsumoto (1984). Pectic polysaccharide break-down of cells walls in cucumber roots grown with calcium starvation. Plant Physiol. 76: 633–637. Kramer, A. and B. A. Twigg (1970). Quality Control for the Good Industry, Vol. 1, Fundamental 3rd ed., Westport, Conn., AVI, 1970. L’Heureux, G. P., M. Bergevin, J. E. Thompson and C.Willemot (1993). Molecular species profile of membrane lipids of tomato pericarp during chilling. Acta Horticulturae 343: 286–287. Lauchli, A. and R. Pfluger (1978). Potassium transport through plant cell membranes and metabolic role of potassium in places. Proc. 11th Congr. Int. Potash Inst. Bern., pp. 111–163. Lee, K. A. and Y. J. Yang, (1999). Effect of chemical treatments on reduction of chilling injury and physiological changes during cold storage of squash (Cucurbita moschata). Journal of the Korean Society of Horticultural Science 40(6): 669–672. Legge, R. L., E. Thompson, J. E. Baker and M. Lieberman (1982). The effect of calcium on the fluidity and phase properties of microsomal membranes isolated from postclimacteric Golden Delicious apples. Plant Cell Physiol. 23: 161–169. Lin, W. C., J. W. Hall and M. E. Saltveit (1993). Fruit ripening affects chilling injury of greenhouse peppers. Acta Horticulturae 343: 225–229. Lipton, W. J. (1965). Postharvest responses of asparagus spears to high CO 2 and low O 2 atmospheres. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 86: 347. Lipton, W. J. (1978). Chilling injury of Honey Dew Muskmelons: symptoms and relation to degree of ripeness at harvest. Hort. Sci. 13: 45. Lune, P. van and B. J. van Goor (1977). Ripening disorders of tomato as affected by the K/ca ratio in the Culture Solution. J. Hortic. Sci. 52: 173–180. Lurie, S., J. D. Klein, C. Watkins, G. Ross, P. Boss and F. F. Ferguson (1993). Prestorage heat treat-
Page 2 and 3: Production Practices and Quality As
Page 4 and 5: Production Practices and Quality As
Page 6 and 7: CONTENTS Preface List of Authors Ef
Page 8 and 9: PREFACE Today, in a world with abun
Page 10 and 11: LIST OF AUTHORS Rufaro M. Madakadze
Page 12 and 13: EFFECT OF PREHARVEST FACTORS ON THE
Page 14 and 15: 2.1. Temperature Effect of Preharve
Page 16 and 17: e beneficial to the water economy a
Page 18 and 19: Other responses that can also be ca
Page 20 and 21: 06. Failure of fruits to ripen in t
Page 22 and 23: of more than 13 hours of night temp
Page 24 and 25: temperatures. Some show serious int
Page 26 and 27: Effect of Preharvest Factors 15 bet
Page 28 and 29: 1) High rainfall conditions where B
Page 30 and 31: increase in the release of P i from
Page 32 and 33: however, more severe when foliage i
Page 34 and 35: temperatures and luxuriant growth a
Page 36 and 37: development of chilling injury symp
Page 38 and 39: conditions followed by sudden high
Page 40 and 41: season. The main environmental fact
Page 42 and 43: 4.4.5.2. Water blisters Storage roo
Page 46 and 47: Effect of Preharvest Factors 35 men
Page 48 and 49: EFFECTS OF AGRONOMIC PRACTICES AND
Page 50 and 51: Effects of Agronomic Practices 39 F
Page 52 and 53: Effects of Agronomic Practices 41 6
Page 54 and 55: Effects of Agronomic Practices 43 F
Page 56 and 57: Effects of Agronomic Practices 45 R
Page 58 and 59: MODELLING FRUIT QUALITY: ECOPHYSIOL
Page 60 and 61: Modelling Fruit Quality 49 the dens
Page 62 and 63: Is it the only level to be consider
Page 64 and 65: To calculate the hydrostatic pressu
Page 66 and 67: on an analysis of the biophysical p
Page 68 and 69: Modelling Fruit Quality 57 fructose
Page 70 and 71: Modelling Fruit Quality 59 Figure 4
Page 72 and 73: f(dd) = dd max - dd dd max - dd min
Page 76 and 77: which depends on climate and irriga
Page 80 and 81: distributed over the period during
Page 84 and 85: Modelling Fruit Quality 73 Pruning
Page 86 and 87: with Fo, Pe and Pr being local ‘d
Page 88 and 89: Modelling Fruit Quality 77 than in
Page 90 and 91: Modelling Fruit Quality 79 Dann, I.
Page 92 and 93: Modelling Fruit Quality 81 Huguet,
Page 94 and 95:
SPRAY TECHNOLOGY IN PERENNIAL TREE
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Spray Technology in Perennial Tree
Page 98 and 99:
With centrifugal energy systems dro
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fruit orchards is described as 1000
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According to Furness (2000), the nu
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sprayers which were developed prima
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air-blast sprayers in an attempt to
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Most agricultural chemicals have be
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educing dosage rates to one quarter
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Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
CHESTNUT, AN ANCIENT CROP WITH FUTU
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2. WORLD AREA OF CHESTNUT AND PRODU
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Table 2. Chestnut production in the
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vineyards and north facing to chest
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Chestnut, an Ancient Crop with Futu
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Table 5. Continued. Chestnut, an An
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Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
Page 134 and 135:
Table 6. Continued. Chestnut, an An
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size. When the trees develop too mu
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6.5. Management of old orchards Che
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the disease is already established
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where ink disease is rampant, disea
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8.4. Micropropagation Several in vi
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9.3. Hybrids Chestnut breeding in E
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Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
IMPROVEMENT OF GRAIN LEGUME PRODUCT
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Improvement of Grain Legume Product
Page 178 and 179:
Page 180 and 181:
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
2.8. Field experiments The greenhou
Page 190 and 191:
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Page 196 and 197:
Page 198 and 199:
Page 200 and 201:
IMPACT OF OZONE ON CROPS S. DEL VAL
Page 202 and 203:
Impact of Ozone on Crops 191 observ
Page 204 and 205:
Impact of Ozone on Crops 193 1996).
Page 206 and 207:
Impact of Ozone on Crops 195 Figure
Page 208 and 209:
Impact of Ozone on Crops 197 al., 1
Page 210 and 211:
Impact of Ozone on Crops 199 techni
Page 212 and 213:
species show a progressive decline
Page 214 and 215:
Impact of Ozone on Crops 203 Chaime
Page 216 and 217:
Impact of Ozone on Crops 205 Junge,
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Impact of Ozone on Crops 207 Polle,
Page 220 and 221:
SAFFRON QUALITY: EFFECT OF AGRICULT
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1.2. Commercial interest Saffron Qu
Page 224 and 225:
1.3. Uses Saffron Quality 213 There
Page 226 and 227:
oriental-type perfumes (Sampathu et
Page 228 and 229:
Saffron Quality 217 Figure 5. Chemi
Page 230 and 231:
Straubinger et al., 1997; Straubing
Page 232 and 233:
and Micheli, 1979; Curro et al., 19
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Saffron Quality 223 Figure 9. Chemi
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(1984) gives the following data: δ
Page 238 and 239:
Saffron Quality 227 Table 3. HPLC a
Page 240 and 241:
Saffron Quality 229 464/2001, OJ L6
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Saffron Quality 231 Saffron in fila
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Saffron Quality 233 sium were the q
Page 246 and 247:
Saffron Quality 235 Figure 11. The
Page 248 and 249:
Saffron Quality 237 Figure 12. Harv
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Morocco. Ait-Oubahou and El-Otmani
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and Micheli, 1979a; Sampathu et al.
Page 254 and 255:
Saffron Quality 243 Table 8. Drying
Page 256 and 257:
Saffron Quality 245 space for sorti
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unpleasant sensory characteristics
Page 260 and 261:
Saffron Quality 249 The effect of
Page 262 and 263:
Saffron Quality 251 Table 10. Effec
Page 264 and 265:
Saffron Quality 253 Alonso, G. L.,
Page 266 and 267:
Saffron Quality 255 Escribano, J.,
Page 268 and 269:
Saffron Quality 257 tion combined w
Page 270 and 271:
Saffron Quality 259 Selim, K., M. T
Page 272 and 273:
FRUIT AND VEGETABLES HARVESTING SYS
Page 274 and 275:
3. PRINCIPLES AND DEVICES FOR THE D
Page 276 and 277:
exert a vertical pulling force to t
Page 278 and 279:
Fruit and Vegetables Harvesting Sys
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Page 282 and 283:
- fingers or spikes; - oscillatory
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- frequency and - amplitude of vibr
Page 286 and 287:
Page 288 and 289:
Page 290 and 291:
To calculate the number of directio
Page 292 and 293:
For the cleaning and separation of
Page 294 and 295:
Page 296:
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