Synopsis of Biological Data on the Chum Salmon, Oncorhynchus keta

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Table 32.--Yearly variation in aee t compo ihon <strong>of</strong> hum ulmon popu1utivns--Contin d Fish Area and year Me sampled A tl ority 0.;:> f_ c.-:} I 0.1. • J Amur River: Number Summer chum salmon 1927 501 3.6 1928 134 0 1929 /.25 bO.2 1930 82 0.6 Autumn chum salmon 1927 308 3.2 1928 522 1.5 1929 641 1 ." 1932 4 8 1.7 1933 2 8 ::"7 Hokkaido coast : 19'57 32 . 1958 24 .1 1959 18.4 1960 25 .4 1961 18 . ? the mean lengths within age groups and the total mean length increased from north to south. The total increases 1n length from north to south are <strong>of</strong>fset to some degree by the greater strength <strong>of</strong> YOWlger fish in more southern streams and by the actual dominance <strong>of</strong> YOWlger age groups in some areas. The length composition within and between areas <strong>of</strong> Alaska, based on mean length (mideye to fork <strong>of</strong> tail), is compared in table 36. Yearly changes in size composition within areas were partially due to differences in mean length within age groups but were primarily due to changes in strength <strong>of</strong> age groups. Age 0.3 fish were dominant in all areas and in most years, but age 0.2 fish varied from 0 to 56 percent <strong>of</strong> the samples and age 0.4 fish from 2 to 51 pe rcent. The size differences between areas also changed because <strong>of</strong> increasing mean lengths within ages from north to south. A shift to younger ages from north to south was not evident for areas in Alaska as it was for samples with a wider latitudinal distribution. Mean lengths for age 0.3 fish are further summarized from table 36 as follows: Area Female Male Percentage Range in cm, age 0.3 Kotzebue SOWld 58-60 60-62 42-92 Yukon River 55-58 57-59 63-97 Alaska Peninsula 58-60 59-61 60-92 Kodiak Island 59-63 60-67 43-88 Prince William SOWld 60-63 60-65 45-86 Southeas tern Alaska 67-68 69-71 64-77 Perc nt 7').:> 15.8 1.4 Lc..v kay (lJ48) . 138 .1 11 .5 . 7 Do. 2 13 . ? 0 Do. .1 1.J Do . 7 .2 1,. '3 Do. 67.1 ;> Do . 7 . 7 14.1 Do . j8.7 . ? Do . 4.6 ... 2.4 Do . 46 7.4 8 Do . Do . Do . 14 . 3 Do . Chum almon <strong>of</strong> this age were smallest in the Yukon River. FiSh from Kotzebue Soun an the Alaska Peninsula appea re to be <strong>of</strong> Ellmilar size. Fish from area m the Gulf <strong>of</strong> Ala ka were largest, particularly those from outh eastern Ala kat The con iderable overlap in length distri butions for different a e prevents the u"e <strong>of</strong> length to determme age <strong>of</strong> fish (Henry, 1954; Kobayashi, 1961; Thorste1nson et al.. 1963). Samples <strong>of</strong> age 0.2 and age 0.4 chum salmon from central Alaska overlapped over almost half their length distribution, age 0.3 fish overlapped the entire range" <strong>of</strong> the other two age groups. 4.2 AbWldance and density (<strong>of</strong> population) 4.21 Average abundance Neave (1961) calculated gross estimates <strong>of</strong> abWldance for the entire ocean population <strong>of</strong> Pacific salmon. on the basis <strong>of</strong> commercial catches in 1936-39. Disregardmg the relatively small mass <strong>of</strong> fish which were in their first summer at sea, his estimates were: Species .Qf salmon Churn Sockeye Pink Chinook Coho Masu Mature stock Immature stock Thousands <strong>of</strong> metric tons 510 236 790 42 58 24 845 300 55 Total 1,660 1,200 Total 1,355 536 790 97 58 24 2,860
Page 1 and 2: leF/S 41 salmon - 1,23(01),009,03 G
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS Introduction •• . . .
Page 5 and 6: Figure 1.--The chum salmon, Oncorhy
Page 15: the coloration of
Page 23 and 24: 20 Figure 4.--Construct 0 o
Page 25: feInales were no longer attended by
Page 28: . 18 Figure 5.--Early development <
Page 33 and 34: Table 18.--Parasites of</st
Page 35 and 36: Area Time period Item Number <stron
Page 38: Table 24.-- Growth of</stro
Page 46: Table 30.- ·Age composition <stron
Page 56 and 57: Survival rates from the egg to fry
Page 61: Table 39.--Estimated mortality for
Page 64: Predators of chum
Page 73: 0' 0' Asia: Fishery Northeast coast
Page 81: are used by the species. Churn salm
Page 87: " GUNTHER, ALBERT. 1866. Catalogue
Page 96: WATANABE, MUNESHIGE. 1955. Some obs

Synopsis of Biological Data on the Chum Salmon, Oncorhynchus keta

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