Synopsis of Biological Data on the Chum Salmon, Oncorhynchus keta

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Walter J. Hickel, Secretary Russell E. Train, Under Secretary Leslie L. Glasgow, Assistant Secretary for Fish and Wildlife, Parks, and Marine Resources Charles H. Meacham, Commissioner, U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE Philip M. Roedel, Director, BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES <strong>Synopsis</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Biological</strong> <strong>Data</strong> on the Chum Salmon, Oncorhynchus keta {Walbaum} 1792 By RICHARD G. BAKKALA FAO Species <strong>Synopsis</strong> No. 41 Circular 315 Washington, D.C. March 1970
CONTENTS Introduction •• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................. . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Identity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............. . 1.1 1.2 1.3 Nomenclature. Taxonomy. Morphology. Distribution .•• 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Total areas •.•..•.••••• Differential distribution .••. Determinants <strong>of</strong> distribution. Hybridization •••••.•.•.. Bionomics and life history 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Reproduction .• Preadult phase. Adult phas e . utrition and growth Behavior ••.••..• Population ... 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Structure ....••.••..••....•• Abundance and density (<strong>of</strong> population) Natality and recruitment Mortality and morbidity ...••.•.. Dynamics <strong>of</strong> population •....•••••••••• Population in community and ecosystem Fishery, ............................................. • .. 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Fishing equipment. Fishing areas .••• Fishing seasons .• Fishing operations and results Protection and management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .............. . 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Regulatory (legislative) measures .•..••.•••.••••••••• Control or alteration <strong>of</strong> physical features <strong>of</strong> the environment. Control or alteration <strong>of</strong> chemical features <strong>of</strong> the environment. Control or alteration <strong>of</strong> the biological features <strong>of</strong> the environment. Artificial stocking ....•••••.•••.••••••••••••••.••••• Pond fish culture ......................................... . Literature cited .............................................. . iii 1 1 1 5 8 8 9 10 11 12 12 24 28 29 39 42 42 46 50 51 57 59 60 60 64 65 65 73 7 3 73 74 74 74 76 76
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Page 5 and 6: Figure 1.--The chum salmon, Oncorhy
Page 15: the coloration of
Page 23 and 24: 20 Figure 4.--Construct 0 o
Page 25: feInales were no longer attended by
Page 28: . 18 Figure 5.--Early development <
Page 33 and 34: Table 18.--Parasites of</st
Page 35 and 36: Area Time period Item Number <stron
Page 38: Table 24.-- Growth of</stro
Page 46: Table 30.- ·Age composition <stron
Page 50 and 51: Bri i T 1 rl lr y ar Villiam Sound
Page 56 and 57:
Survival rates from the egg to fry
Page 61:
Table 39.--Estimated mortality for
Page 64:
Predators of chum
Page 73:
0' 0' Asia: Fishery Northeast coast
Page 81:
are used by the species. Churn salm
Page 87:
" GUNTHER, ALBERT. 1866. Catalogue
Page 96:
WATANABE, MUNESHIGE. 1955. Some obs
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Synopsis of Biological Data on the Chum Salmon, Oncorhynchus keta

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