Open Access e-Journal Cardiometry No.16 May 2020
We should mention that Cardiometry is a fine diagnostics tool to assess heart life expectancy. Our experts, using Cardiocode in “red zones” in intensive care units, have confirmed effectiveness of noninvasive measuring of the hemodynamics data on the cardiovascular system performance in critical patients with different severity degrees. The medical staff involved had a possibility not only to monitor the state in each critical patient, but also to predict and control the progression of a disease. We are going to publish some results of this pilot study in our next issues. We should mention that Cardiometry is a fine diagnostics tool to assess heart life expectancy. Our experts, using Cardiocode in “red zones” in intensive care units, have confirmed effectiveness of noninvasive measuring of the hemodynamics data on the cardiovascular system performance in critical patients with different severity degrees. The medical staff involved had a possibility not only to monitor the state in each critical patient, but also to predict and control the progression of a disease. We are going to publish some results of this pilot study in our next issues.
Table 4. AHD effects made on SHDAHD groupAHDEffect by AHD* onSHD (Code)Nitrendipine 312Calcium antagonistsNifedipine 313Diltiazem 112Amlodipine 212Perindopril, Enalapril 213ACE inhibitorsZofenopril, Kaptopril, Chinopril, Lizinopril, Ramipril,Fosinopril212Betaxolol 111Nevibilol 112Beta-blockersAtenolol, Bisoprolol, Metoprolol 141Losartan 113Angiotensin receptor blockers Valsartan, Candesartan, Eprosartan, Irbesartan, Telmisartan 212Selective imidazoline receptor agonist Moxonidin 212Diuretics Dichlotiazide, Indapamide 212Table 5. AHD selection priorityOrder ofpriority inCharacteristicAHD selection1 Normalizing improperly changed (increased or decreased) parameters, not affecting the normal levels2 Normalizing improperly increased parameters, but decreasing the normal parameter3 Normalizing improperly increased parameters, not affecting the decreased parameter4 Normalizing improperly decreased parameters; not affecting the normal parameter5 Normalizing improperly decreased parameters, decreasing the normal parameter6 Normalizing one of the parameters, not affecting the other twoNormalizing one of the parameters, not affecting the other one and decreasing the normal value of one7more parameterNormalizing one of the parameters, not affecting the other one and increasing the normal value of one more8parameterTable 6. AHD rating corresponding to individual SHD profilesSHD* profileHR/SPVR/SIАP>140 АP>160 АP>170 Code and rating for AHD administration**112 17.6 3.6 0 112, 111, 141, 212, 113113 5.2 0 0 113, 112, 213, 212121 0.7 4.5 2 111, 141, 212, 112122 15.3 0 0 112, 141, 111, 212, 113, 213123 1.1 0 0 113, 112, 213, 212211 11.8 12.5 10.4 111, 212, 112212 4.5 32.1 37.6 212, 112, 111, 141, 213221 18.1 14.3 8.3 111, 212, 112222 7 0 0 212, 112, 111, 141, 213, 312311 7.1 18.7 22.9 212, 312321 11.2 14.3 18.8 312, 212*The SHD profile is ratio HR / SPVR/ SI, where 1 - increased value of the parameter; 2 - normal value of the parameter;3 - decreased value of the parameter.** AHD Code - effect produced by AHD on HR/SPVR/SI, where 1 - decreasing the parameter; 2 - not affecting the parameter;3 - increasing the parameter.40 | Cardiometry | Issue 16. May 2020
The mapping between the SHD profile and theAHD actions and effects on SHD is implemented byassigning a three-digit code (Code) to each drug; thefirst item of the Code exhibits the effect of AHD onHR (1- HR decrease, 2 - no effect, 3 – HR increase);the second item of the Code indicates the effect madeby AHD on TPVR (1- TPVR decrease, 2 - no effect,3 – TPVR increase 4 – increase of the parameter inthe first month, and decrease therein after a month,etc.); the third Code item marks the effect producedby AHD on SV (1- SV decrease, 2 - no effect, 3 – SVincrease) (see Table 4 herein).The priority in selection of AHD definitely dependson the degree of its modulating effect producedon an individual SHD profile. Selected should be sucha medical drug which is capable of normalizing improperlychanged (increased or decreased) parametersof HR, SV and TPVR, but not affecting the SHD valuesremaining within the normal range. Characteristicsof medical drugs of the second and next order ofthe priority are summarized by Table 5 herein.Having identified the correlation between the individualSHD profile and the respective AHD, we candetermine the rating modulating effect of the drugs oneach SHD profile (see Table 6 herein).Conclusions1. Hemodynamic disorders appear at the preclinicalstage of AH, well in advance (perhaps several decades)before the first recorded AH episodes.2. In patients with increased AP, 15 variations of theSHD profiles are identified.3. A hemodynamic effect of each AHD is determinedby its pharmacodynamics as well as the patient’s individualSHD profile.4. Taking into account of an individual SHD profileis an additional criterion for the AHD selection to increasethe efficacy of the treatment based on the abovementioned Guidelines. The given conclusion is basedon the evidence data, which have been obtained by usearlier and which have demonstrated the effectivenessof this technology in nine times out of ten cases [9].Statement on ethical issuesResearch involving people and/or animals is in fullcompliance with current national and internationalethical standards.Conflict of interestNone declared.Author contributionsThe authors read the ICMJE criteria for authorship andapproved the final manuscript.References1. The 2018 ESC / ESH Guidelines for the treatment ofpatients with hypertension.2. Zayko NN, Byts YV, Ataman AV, et al. PathologicalPhysiology [Textbook for med. universities]. K .: "Logos",1996. [in Russian]3. Intensive therapy. Guidelines for doctors. Ed. byMalyshev VD. Moscow: Medicine, 2002. [in Russian]4. Yakushin MA, Dasaev LA, Matyukhina EB. Algorithmof drug treatment of hypertension in middle and old age.Uspekhi Gerontologii. 2011;24(4):674-80. [in Russian]5. Gnedov DV. To a question on the status of systemichemodynamics in today's youth. Bulletin of MedicalInstitute Reaviz. 2018;6(36):36-7. [in Russian]6. Horoshinina LP. Geriatrics. Guidance for doctors-GEOTARMedia, 2019. 698 p. [in Russian]7. Zidek V. Hypertension. GEOTAR Media, 2009. 206с. [in Russian]8. Roitberg GE. Metabolic syndrome. Moscow: MEDpress-inform,2007. 224 p. [in Russian]9. Yakushin MA, Aleksandrova O, Yakushina TI,Vasilieva TP. Expert system for monitoring and correctionof hemodynamic system in solving the strategicproblems of public health. Practical medicine.2019;17(5):241-9. [in Russian]Issue 16. May 2020 | Cardiometry | 41
- Page 1 and 2: 124 | Cardiometry | Issue 16. May 2
- Page 3 and 4: Dear Reader!Our life dictates what
- Page 5 and 6: Prof. Mohammad AleemCairo Universit
- Page 7 and 8: 74808597The study of hemodynamics i
- Page 9 and 10: We commemorate great Russian scient
- Page 11 and 12: and, in particular, activated is th
- Page 13 and 14: decline in the rate of those who fo
- Page 15 and 16: Table 1.Mass parameters of some org
- Page 17 and 18: REVIEW Submitted: 20.02.2020; Accep
- Page 19 and 20: teides. As a rule, under the hypoxi
- Page 21 and 22: Table 1Changes in ratios between th
- Page 23 and 24: Consequences of anaerobic formation
- Page 25 and 26: receptor SUCNR1 [72], which is call
- Page 27 and 28: acid and oxalacetic acid. J. Biol.
- Page 29 and 30: Issue 16. May 2020 | Cardiometry |
- Page 31 and 32: 12], we may assume that PC-assisted
- Page 33 and 34: Figure 2. Demonstration of the para
- Page 35 and 36: of doubts has been expressed by tho
- Page 37 and 38: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Submitted: 2.04.2
- Page 39 and 40: Table 2. Dependence of SHD profile
- Page 41: Figure 4Figure 5Figure 6 Figure 7Ta
- Page 45 and 46: Issue 16. May 2020 | Cardiometry |
- Page 47 and 48: measurement thereof cannot detect a
- Page 49 and 50: AimsThe aim of this study is to ass
- Page 51 and 52: vascular system condition, using an
- Page 53 and 54: 4. Papers devoted to the AH treatme
- Page 55 and 56: 2019;2(12):18-23. https://doi.org/1
- Page 57 and 58: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Submitted: 17.01.
- Page 59 and 60: The statistical analysis of the obt
- Page 61 and 62: Table 7Eigenvalues and percentage o
- Page 63 and 64: but also as a means for active mode
- Page 65 and 66: values [6]. Both groups are homogen
- Page 67 and 68: Table 2No. of ind.BMIAge, yearsHb,
- Page 69 and 70: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Submitted: 18.03.
- Page 71 and 72: а) b)Figure 1. Fragments of the bl
- Page 73 and 74: а)b)cd)Figure 3. Fragments of seru
- Page 75 and 76: zation of the facias and add to the
- Page 77 and 78: PV5 - blood volume (part of SV), pu
- Page 79 and 80: Conflict of interestNone declared.A
- Page 81 and 82: Issue 16. May 2020 | Cardiometry |
- Page 83 and 84: the action of high level energy. Ac
- Page 85 and 86: Figure 5. Diagram of “a multipuls
- Page 87 and 88: REPORT Submitted: 25.02.2020; Accep
- Page 89 and 90: used to suppress this sort of noise
- Page 91 and 92: tion v[n] using HFF, then the final
Table 4. AHD effects made on SHD
AHD group
AHD
Effect by AHD* on
SHD (Code)
Nitrendipine 312
Calcium antagonists
Nifedipine 313
Diltiazem 112
Amlodipine 212
Perindopril, Enalapril 213
ACE inhibitors
Zofenopril, Kaptopril, Chinopril, Lizinopril, Ramipril,
Fosinopril
212
Betaxolol 111
Nevibilol 112
Beta-blockers
Atenolol, Bisoprolol, Metoprolol 141
Losartan 113
Angiotensin receptor blockers Valsartan, Candesartan, Eprosartan, Irbesartan, Telmisartan 212
Selective imidazoline receptor agonist Moxonidin 212
Diuretics Dichlotiazide, Indapamide 212
Table 5. AHD selection priority
Order of
priority in
Characteristic
AHD selection
1 Normalizing improperly changed (increased or decreased) parameters, not affecting the normal levels
2 Normalizing improperly increased parameters, but decreasing the normal parameter
3 Normalizing improperly increased parameters, not affecting the decreased parameter
4 Normalizing improperly decreased parameters; not affecting the normal parameter
5 Normalizing improperly decreased parameters, decreasing the normal parameter
6 Normalizing one of the parameters, not affecting the other two
Normalizing one of the parameters, not affecting the other one and decreasing the normal value of one
7
more parameter
Normalizing one of the parameters, not affecting the other one and increasing the normal value of one more
8
parameter
Table 6. AHD rating corresponding to individual SHD profiles
SHD* profile
HR/SPVR/SI
АP>140 АP>160 АP>170 Code and rating for AHD administration**
112 17.6 3.6 0 112, 111, 141, 212, 113
113 5.2 0 0 113, 112, 213, 212
121 0.7 4.5 2 111, 141, 212, 112
122 15.3 0 0 112, 141, 111, 212, 113, 213
123 1.1 0 0 113, 112, 213, 212
211 11.8 12.5 10.4 111, 212, 112
212 4.5 32.1 37.6 212, 112, 111, 141, 213
221 18.1 14.3 8.3 111, 212, 112
222 7 0 0 212, 112, 111, 141, 213, 312
311 7.1 18.7 22.9 212, 312
321 11.2 14.3 18.8 312, 212
*The SHD profile is ratio HR / SPVR/ SI, where 1 - increased value of the parameter; 2 - normal value of the parameter;
3 - decreased value of the parameter.
** AHD Code - effect produced by AHD on HR/SPVR/SI, where 1 - decreasing the parameter; 2 - not affecting the parameter;
3 - increasing the parameter.
40 | Cardiometry | Issue 16. May 2020
Change language