HISTORICAL NEWS SEARCH - Government of British Columbia

HISTORICAL NEWS SEARCH - Government of British Columbia HISTORICAL NEWS SEARCH - Government of British Columbia

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On the Queen Charlotte Islands the highway was devastated by the storm, which peaked on December 1 during the two hours around noon. The damage was caused by a combination of high tides, heavy rain, and winds up to 90 mph (132.0 km/h). The storm caused erosion of some 3 mi. (4.8 km) of road adjacent to the sea (B.C. Ministry of Public Works 1969). The highway between Skidegate-Tlell was strewn with fallen trees. At Dead Tree Point, waves carried on 24-ft. (7.2 m) tides pounded the highway flanks breaking up the pavement. -------------------------- *1) The Mariners Weather Log (MWL) is a quarterly (bimonthly during the period 1957 -1981) publication of the U.S. Weather Bureau which provides information on weather over the world’s oceans and the Great Lakes. The first issue was published in January 1957 (Lewis and Moran 1985). December 22-26, 1967 Event type: Snow avalanches. Precipitation: Kemano (48.3 mm/1 day), December 22, 1967; Kildala (44.2 mm/1 day), December 22, 1967; Terrace (57.4 cm (snow)/2 days), December 22-23, 1967; Prince Rupert M. Circ (70.8 mm/3 days), December 22-24, 1967; Langara (72.4 mm/2 days), December 25-26, 1967. Source: Terrace Omineca Herald, January 3, 1968; The Daily News, December 27, 28 and 29, 1967; The Northern Sentinel, December 27, 1967; J. Mekechuck, pers. comm. 1989. CN Railway, Edmonton, Alta. On December 23-24, Terrace reported 28 in. (71.1 cm) of snow. The storm was a combination of heavy snow and warm temperatures. Prince Rupert reported maximum temperatures of 13.9 o C on December 26, 17.2 o C on December 27, and 13.1 o C on December 28. Highway 16 between Prince Rupert-Terrace was closed. Since the night of December 26, the highway was blocked by four separate slides. Large slides occurred at Mile 35 and Mile 50, with a length of several hundred feet and a depth of 5 ft. (1.5 m). At the tunnel 44 mi. (70.4 km) west of Terrace, a small slide came down and there were numerous smaller slides at Amsbury Bluff. Winds up to 50 mph (80.5 km/h) caused snowdrifts 4-5 ft. (1.2-1.5 m) high. CNR reported snowslides at Mile 42.4, 43.7, and 50.1. CN telecommunications were disrupted and the rail line was closed for 14 hours. January 11-17, 1968 Event type: Snow slides. Precipitation: Kemano (104.1 mm/1 day), January 11, 1968; Falls River (167.7 mm/2 days), January 11-12, 1968; Kildala (148.6 mm/3 days), January 11-13, 1968; Kitimat Townsite (211.9 mm/3 days), January 11, 13-14, 1968; Aiyansh (30.7 mm/1 day), January 12, 1968; Terrace (97.8 mm/2 days), January 12-13, 1968; Prince Rupert (101.1 mm/3 days), January 12-14, 1968; Terrace (56.9 mm/1 day), January 17, 1968. Source: The Province, January 13, 1968; Terrace Omineca Herald, January 17, 1968; The Daily News, January 12, 15, 16, 18 and 19, February 1, 1968; The Interior News, January 17, 1968; Letter, January 10, 1989. J. Mekechuck (Geotechnical Engineer, CN Railway, Edmonton) to J.W. Schwab (B.C. Ministry of Forests, Smithers); J. Mekechuck, pers. comm. 1989. CN Railway, Edmonton, Alta; B.C. Ministry of Transportation and Highways 1969 (p. C 109). On January 11, Prince Rupert recorded 6.8 in. (17.3 cm) of snow. On January 12, the Queen Charlotte Islands reported 15 in. (38.1 cm) of snow, making it “one of the heaviest snowfalls in recent years.” Between January 11-13, Terrace recorded 38 in. (96.5 cm) of snow and 2 in. (50.8 mm) of rain on January 14. It was described as the “worst snowfall in memory.” On January 15, schools and many businesses were closed. On January 17, Prince Rupert reported 16 in. (40.6 cm) of snow followed by rain at night. *1) Twenty-four inches (60 cm) of snow falling on January 12 forced the closure of Highway 16 between Prince Rupert-Terrace. On January 12, Highway 16 between Prince Rupert-Terrace and Highway 25 between Terrace-Kitimat were restricted to one-lane traffic only. Between Kwinitsa-Salvus, snowdrifts of 4-6-ft. (1.2-1.8 m) were reported. On January 13, 19 vehicles carrying approximately 30 persons were trapped by avalanches and heavy snowfall between Terrace-Prince Rupert. No damage or injuries were reported. On January 13-14, heavy snow, drifting, and slides blocked the highway. The highway was blocked for three days when 42 in. (106.7 cm) fell in a period of 24 hours, followed by rain (B.C. Ministry of Public Works 1969). The worst snowslide occurred 53 mi. (84.8 km) east of Prince Rupert. It was 200 ft. (60 m) long and 15 ft. (4.5 m) deep. The highway was reopened on January 15 for single-lane convoy traffic only. On that date, one RCMP-guided convoy was completed safely in each direction. On January 16, Highway 16 was reopened to traffic. On Highway 16 several small slides came down on January 17, creating hazardous driving conditions. On January 18, all slides were cleared, but single-lane traffic remained on several sections. The worst spots were between Mile 8-31 west of Terrace and Mile 35. Highway crews were keeping an eye on a huge pile of snow at Mile 51 near Kwinitsa. On January 19, Highway 16 was reported in good condition, despite 2 in. (5.1 cm) of fresh snow overnight. On January 15, the rail line and the highway between Prince Rupert-Terrace were blocked by dozens of slides. The highway was blocked for three days, during which 42 in. (106.7 cm) of snow fell in a period of 24 hours, followed by rain. The worst snowslide occurred 53 mi. (84.8 km) east of Prince Rupert. It was 200 ft. (60 m) long and 15 ft. (4.5 m) deep. A large snowslide 300 ft. (90 m) long and 15 ft. (4.5 m) deep cut the rail line. On January 13, CNR 100

eported snowslides at Mile 14.3, 22.8, 34.5, 43.2, and 43.3. The rail line was closed for 12 hours. The line between Prince Rupert-Terrace reopened on January 16. East of Terrace the steel bridge near Usk washed out and collapsed. The timber and steel trestle at Mile 120.3, one mile (1.6 km) west of Usk, was severely damaged by an avalanche (J. Mekechuck, pers. comm. 1989). *2) The passenger train was held at Smithers and the passengers were airlifted to Prince Rupert. In the Smithers area, power outages occurred when trees fell on the power line. On January 15, the area was hit by a brief storm with strong gusts and a downpour of rain. ----------------------------- *1) Digby Island near Prince Rupert recorded 28.8 in. (73.2 cm) of snow during January, the highest on record for more than 20 years. In addition 9.06 in. (230.1 mm) of rain were recorded. *2) In 1973, the structure was hit by another avalanche. The steel girder spans were pushed into the Skeena River and could not be found. Twin large-diameter corrugated-metal pipes replaced it. (J. Mekechuck, pers. comm. 1989). January 19-23, 1968 Event type: Flooding and snow avalanches. Precipitation: Smithers (35.1 mm/2 days), January 19-20, 1968; Smithers A (27.4 mm/1 day), January 20, 1968; Falls River (102.1 mm/2 days), January 20-21, 1968; Ocean Falls (359.3 mm/4 days), January 20-23, 1968; Kitimat 2 (89.7 mm/2 days), January 21-22, 1968; Kitimat Townsite (69.3 mm/1 day), January 22, 1968; Aiyansh (34.8 mm/1 day), January 22, 1968; Kemano (59.9 mm/1 day), January 22, 1968; Kildala (68.8 mm/1 day), January 22, 1968; Bella Coola (107.1 mm/2 days), January 22-23, 1968. Source: The Daily News, January 23, 1968; The Interior News, January 23, 1968; Northern Sentinel, January 24, 1968; Eero Karanka, pers. comm. February 21, 1994. Habitat Biologist, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Prince Rupert; Church 1983 (pp. 169-180); Tempest 1974; Environment Canada 1991. On January 20, Kitimat reported 21 in. (53.3 cm) of snow. Highway 16 was closed by a slide at Mile 51, halfway between Prince Rupert-Terrace. A sharp rise in temperatures on January 22 caused minor flooding on Highway 16 between Prince Rupert-Terrace. On January 23, the highway was reported in fair condition, with crews standing by for possible flooding and washouts in several sections. Some power and telephone interruptions occurred. A power failure occurred at the Zymoetz microwave site, 35 mi. (56 km) east of Terrace. Crews had difficulty reaching the site because of snowdrifts and slides. Helicopters were grounded by freezing rain. Heavy rain and warm temperatures caused a major flood on the Bella Coola River. It resulted from a frontal rainstorm with unusually high freezing levels for January. The Port Hardy freezing level began to rise during the night of January 18-19, culminating at over 3,400 m on the afternoon of January 22. A cumulative total of 186 cm of snow had fallen at Bella Coola prior to the rainstorm. This would suggest a 50- to 80-cm snowpack on the valley bottom (Karanka, pers. comm.). From January 11-18, the stations of Bella Coola and Bella Coola Hydro recorded 5.44 and 7.17 in. (138.2 and 182.1 mm), respectively. Daily maximum temperatures rose to 40 o F (4.4 o C) and minimums above 32 o F (0 o C). Between January 19-23, 6.20 and 9.32 in. (157.5 and 236.7 mm) of rain was recorded at the two stations, respectively. The Bella Coola two-day rainfall did not have a significant return period, but the Bella Coola BC Hydro two-day rainfall was the third highest in 25 years of record. Chinook conditions prevailed on the Chilcotin Plateau, possibly including the Atnarko Basin (Karanka, pers. comm.). On January 23, temperatures rose to 48 o F (8.9 o C) and a minimum of 37 o F (2.8 o C). The high temperatures probably raised the freezing level to the 5,000-ft. (1,500-m) level in the lower part of the Bella Coola valley. *1) Emergency flood control measures for an expenditure of $250,000 were carried out. On January 23, the Bella Coola River above Burnt Bridge Creek recorded a maximum instantaneous discharge of 828 m 3 /s and a maximum daily discharge of 703 m 3 /s. Both values are extreme highs for the period of record (Environment Canada 1991). Beginning around noon on January 22, the river rose 11 ft. (3.3 m) in just over a day, peaking just before 6 p.m. on January 23. The river stayed high for about 12 hours and then began to fall at a rate of 3 ft. (90 cm) per day until ice conditions set in on January 26 (Tempest 1974). The Nusatsum River near Hagensborg recorded a maximum instantaneous discharge of 182 m 3 /s on January 22 and a maximum daily discharge of 86.9 m 3 /s on January 23. On January 23, the Salloompt River near Hagensborg recorded a maximum instantaneous discharge of 142 m 3 /s and a maximum daily discharge of 118 m 3 /s. *2) It was the second highest peakflow recorded on the Salloompt River. (The highest flow was on December 16, 1980, with a peakflow 1.7 times higher than on January 23, 1968 (Karanka, pers. comm.). On January 24, the Bella Coola River near Hagensborg recorded an estimated maximum daily discharge of 963 m 3 /s. This was an extreme high for the period of record (Environment Canada 1991). In the Bulkley Valley, a 14-in. (35.6 cm) snowfall caused a power outage on January 20. Warm temperatures and rain followed the heavy snowfall on January 22. The 0.43 in. (10.9 mm) of rain combined with the 15.8 in. (40.1 cm) of snow brought the week’s total precipitation to 2.01 in. (51.1 mm). -------------------------------- *1) As the greatest floods on the Bella Coola River generally occur in October and November, this flood was apparently the first to have happened so late in the winter. 101

On the Queen Charlotte Islands the highway was devastated by the storm, which peaked on December 1<br />

during the two hours around noon. The damage was caused by a combination <strong>of</strong> high tides, heavy rain, and winds up<br />

to 90 mph (132.0 km/h). The storm caused erosion <strong>of</strong> some 3 mi. (4.8 km) <strong>of</strong> road adjacent to the sea (B.C. Ministry<br />

<strong>of</strong> Public Works 1969). The highway between Skidegate-Tlell was strewn with fallen trees. At Dead Tree Point,<br />

waves carried on 24-ft. (7.2 m) tides pounded the highway flanks breaking up the pavement.<br />

--------------------------<br />

*1) The Mariners Weather Log (MWL) is a quarterly (bimonthly during the period 1957 -1981) publication <strong>of</strong> the U.S.<br />

Weather Bureau which provides information on weather over the world’s oceans and the Great Lakes. The first issue<br />

was published in January 1957 (Lewis and Moran 1985).<br />

December 22-26, 1967<br />

Event type: Snow avalanches.<br />

Precipitation: Kemano (48.3 mm/1 day), December 22, 1967; Kildala (44.2 mm/1 day), December 22, 1967; Terrace<br />

(57.4 cm (snow)/2 days), December 22-23, 1967; Prince Rupert M. Circ (70.8 mm/3 days), December 22-24, 1967;<br />

Langara (72.4 mm/2 days), December 25-26, 1967.<br />

Source: Terrace Omineca Herald, January 3, 1968; The Daily News, December 27, 28 and 29, 1967; The Northern<br />

Sentinel, December 27, 1967; J. Mekechuck, pers. comm. 1989. CN Railway, Edmonton, Alta.<br />

On December 23-24, Terrace reported 28 in. (71.1 cm) <strong>of</strong> snow. The storm was a combination <strong>of</strong> heavy<br />

snow and warm temperatures. Prince Rupert reported maximum temperatures <strong>of</strong> 13.9 o C on December 26, 17.2 o C on<br />

December 27, and 13.1 o C on December 28.<br />

Highway 16 between Prince Rupert-Terrace was closed. Since the night <strong>of</strong> December 26, the highway was<br />

blocked by four separate slides. Large slides occurred at Mile 35 and Mile 50, with a length <strong>of</strong> several hundred feet<br />

and a depth <strong>of</strong> 5 ft. (1.5 m). At the tunnel 44 mi. (70.4 km) west <strong>of</strong> Terrace, a small slide came down and there were<br />

numerous smaller slides at Amsbury Bluff. Winds up to 50 mph (80.5 km/h) caused snowdrifts 4-5 ft. (1.2-1.5 m)<br />

high.<br />

CNR reported snowslides at Mile 42.4, 43.7, and 50.1. CN telecommunications were disrupted and the rail<br />

line was closed for 14 hours.<br />

January 11-17, 1968<br />

Event type: Snow slides.<br />

Precipitation: Kemano (104.1 mm/1 day), January 11, 1968; Falls River (167.7 mm/2 days), January 11-12, 1968;<br />

Kildala (148.6 mm/3 days), January 11-13, 1968; Kitimat Townsite (211.9 mm/3 days), January 11, 13-14, 1968;<br />

Aiyansh (30.7 mm/1 day), January 12, 1968; Terrace (97.8 mm/2 days), January 12-13, 1968; Prince Rupert (101.1<br />

mm/3 days), January 12-14, 1968; Terrace (56.9 mm/1 day), January 17, 1968.<br />

Source: The Province, January 13, 1968; Terrace Omineca Herald, January 17, 1968; The Daily News, January 12, 15,<br />

16, 18 and 19, February 1, 1968; The Interior News, January 17, 1968; Letter, January 10, 1989. J. Mekechuck<br />

(Geotechnical Engineer, CN Railway, Edmonton) to J.W. Schwab (B.C. Ministry <strong>of</strong> Forests, Smithers); J. Mekechuck,<br />

pers. comm. 1989. CN Railway, Edmonton, Alta; B.C. Ministry <strong>of</strong> Transportation and Highways 1969 (p. C 109).<br />

On January 11, Prince Rupert recorded 6.8 in. (17.3 cm) <strong>of</strong> snow. On January 12, the Queen Charlotte<br />

Islands reported 15 in. (38.1 cm) <strong>of</strong> snow, making it “one <strong>of</strong> the heaviest snowfalls in recent years.” Between January<br />

11-13, Terrace recorded 38 in. (96.5 cm) <strong>of</strong> snow and 2 in. (50.8 mm) <strong>of</strong> rain on January 14. It was described as the<br />

“worst snowfall in memory.” On January 15, schools and many businesses were closed. On January 17, Prince Rupert<br />

reported 16 in. (40.6 cm) <strong>of</strong> snow followed by rain at night. *1)<br />

Twenty-four inches (60 cm) <strong>of</strong> snow falling on January 12 forced the closure <strong>of</strong> Highway 16 between Prince<br />

Rupert-Terrace. On January 12, Highway 16 between Prince Rupert-Terrace and Highway 25 between Terrace-Kitimat<br />

were restricted to one-lane traffic only. Between Kwinitsa-Salvus, snowdrifts <strong>of</strong> 4-6-ft. (1.2-1.8 m) were reported. On<br />

January 13, 19 vehicles carrying approximately 30 persons were trapped by avalanches and heavy snowfall between<br />

Terrace-Prince Rupert. No damage or injuries were reported. On January 13-14, heavy snow, drifting, and slides<br />

blocked the highway. The highway was blocked for three days when 42 in. (106.7 cm) fell in a period <strong>of</strong> 24 hours,<br />

followed by rain (B.C. Ministry <strong>of</strong> Public Works 1969). The worst snowslide occurred 53 mi. (84.8 km) east <strong>of</strong> Prince<br />

Rupert. It was 200 ft. (60 m) long and 15 ft. (4.5 m) deep. The highway was reopened on January 15 for single-lane<br />

convoy traffic only. On that date, one RCMP-guided convoy was completed safely in each direction. On January 16,<br />

Highway 16 was reopened to traffic. On Highway 16 several small slides came down on January 17, creating<br />

hazardous driving conditions. On January 18, all slides were cleared, but single-lane traffic remained on several<br />

sections. The worst spots were between Mile 8-31 west <strong>of</strong> Terrace and Mile 35. Highway crews were keeping an eye<br />

on a huge pile <strong>of</strong> snow at Mile 51 near Kwinitsa. On January 19, Highway 16 was reported in good condition, despite<br />

2 in. (5.1 cm) <strong>of</strong> fresh snow overnight.<br />

On January 15, the rail line and the highway between Prince Rupert-Terrace were blocked by dozens <strong>of</strong><br />

slides. The highway was blocked for three days, during which 42 in. (106.7 cm) <strong>of</strong> snow fell in a period <strong>of</strong> 24 hours,<br />

followed by rain. The worst snowslide occurred 53 mi. (84.8 km) east <strong>of</strong> Prince Rupert. It was 200 ft. (60 m) long and<br />

15 ft. (4.5 m) deep. A large snowslide 300 ft. (90 m) long and 15 ft. (4.5 m) deep cut the rail line. On January 13, CNR<br />

100

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