Computer Programming Concepts and Visual Basic David I. Schneider

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448 Computer Programming Concepts and Visual Basic ROWHEIGHT The statement MSFlexGrid1.RowHeight(m) = n specifies that row m of the grid be n twips high. (There are about 1440 twips in an inch.) RSET If str1 is a string variable, the statement RSet str1 = str2 replaces the value of str1 with a string of the same length consisting of str2 truncated or padded on the left with spaces. RTRIM The value of the function RTrim(str) is the string obtained by removing all the spaces from the end of the string str. The string str may be either fixed-length or variablelength. SCALE The method objectName.Scale (x1, y1)–(x2, y2) defines a coordinate system for the form, picture box, or printer identified by objectName. This coordinate system has horizontal values ranging from x1 at the left edge of objectName to x2 at the right edge and vertical values ranging from y1 at the top edge of objectName to y2 at the bottom edge. Subsequent graphics methods and control positioning place figures and controls in accordance with this new coordinate system. As a result of using the Scale method, the ScaleMode property of objectName is set to 0, the ScaleLeft property to x1, the ScaleTop property to y1, the Scale- Height property to y2–y1, and the ScaleWidth property to x2–x1. The method object- Name.Scale without arguments resets the coordinate system of objectName to the default coordinate system where the unit of measure is twips and the upper-left corner of object- Name has coordinates (0, 0). SCALEHEIGHT The property ScaleHeight determines the vertical scale on a form or picture box. After the statement objectName.ScaleHeight = hght is executed, the vertical coordinates range from objectName.ScaleTop at the top edge of objectName to objectName.ScaleTop + hght at the bottom edge. The default value of the ScaleHeight property is the height of objectName when measured in the units specified by objectName’s ScaleMode property. SCALELEFT The property ScaleLeft determines the horizontal coordinate of the left edge of a form or picture box. After the statement objectName.ScaleLeft = left is executed, the horizontal coordinates will range from left at the left edge of objectName to left + object- Name.ScaleWidth at the right edge. The default value of the ScaleLeft property is 0. SCALEMODE The property ScaleMode determines the horizontal and vertical unit of measure for the coordinate system on a form or picture box. If the ScaleMode property of a form or picture box is set to 1 (the default), the unit of measure becomes twips. Other possible values for ScaleMode are 2 for points (72 points = 1 inch), 3 for pixels, 4 for characters (1 horizontal unit = 120 twips; 1 vertical unit = 240 twips), 5 for inches, 6 for millimeters, and 7 for centimeters. A value of 0 for the ScaleMode property indicates that units of measure are to be determined from the current settings of the ScaleHeight and ScaleWidth properties. Visual Basic automatically sets the ScaleMode property of an object to 0 when any of the object’s Scale... properties are assigned values. SCALETOP The property ScaleTop determines the vertical coordinate of the top edge of a form or picture box. After the statement objectName.ScaleTop = top is executed, the vertical coordinates range from top at the top edge of objectName to top + objectName.ScaleHeight at the bottom edge. The default value for the ScaleTop property is 0. SCALEWIDTH The property ScaleWidth determines the horizontal scale on a form or picture box. After the statement objectName.ScaleWidth = wdth is executed, the horizontal coordinates range from objectName.ScaleLeft at the left edge of objectName to objectName.ScaleLeft + wdth at the right edge. The default value of the ScaleWidth property is the width of objectName when measured in the units specified by objectName’s Scale- Mode property. SCROLLBARS The ScrollBars property of a grid or text box specifies whether the control has horizontal (setting = 1), vertical (setting = 2), both (setting = 3), or no (setting = 0) scroll bars. In order for a text box to have scroll bars, the MultiLine property must be set to True.
SECOND The function Second extracts the seconds from a serial date. If d is any valid serial date, the value of Second(d) is a whole number from 0 to 59 giving the seconds recorded as part of the date and time stored in d. [date] SEEK The statement Seek #n, p sets the current file position in the binary or random-access file referenced by n to the pth byte or record of the file, respectively. After the statement is executed, the next Get or Put statement will read or write bytes, respectively, beginning with the pth byte or record. The value of the function Seek(n) is the current file position either in bytes or by record number. After a Put or Get statement is executed, the value of Seek(n) is the number of the next byte or record. [binary file] SELECT CASE The Select Case statement provides a compact method of selecting for execution one of several blocks of statements based on the value of an expression. The Select Case block begins with a line of the form Select Case expression and ends with the statement End Select. In between are clauses of the form Case valueList and perhaps the clause Case Else. The items in the valueList may be individual values or ranges of values such as “a To b”or “Is < a”. Each of these Case statements is followed by a block of zero or more statements. The block of statements following the first Case valueList statement for which valueList includes the value of expression is the only block of statements executed. If none of the value lists includes the value of expression and a Case Else statement is present, then the block of statements following the Case Else statement is executed. SENDKEYS The statement SendKeys str places in the keyboard buffer the characters and keystrokes specified by str. The effect is exactly the same as if the user had typed the series of characters/keystrokes at the keyboard. The statement SendKeys str, True places keystrokes in the keyboard buffer and waits until these keystrokes are processed (used) before allowing program execution to continue with the next statement in the procedure containing the Send- Keys statement. Keystrokes can be specified that do not have a displayable character or that result from using the Shift, Ctrl, or Alt keys. SET Essentially, Set is “Let for objects.” Whereas the Let statement is used to assign ordinary values to variables or properties, the Set statement is used to assign objects to variables or properties. The statement Set controlVar = objectExpression associates the name controlVar with the object identified by objectExpression. For example, if the statements Dim Scenery As PictureBox and Set Scenery = Picture1 are executed, then Scenery becomes another name for Picture1, and references like Scenery.Print message are equivalent to Picture1.Print message. Also, the Set statement assigns an object to an object variable. When you want to release the memory used for the object, execute Set objVar = Nothing. SETATTR The statement SetAttr fileName, attribute sets the file attribute of the file specified by fileName. A file’s attribute can be 0 for “Normal”or a combination of 1, 2, or 4 for “Read-only”, “Hidden”, and “System.” In addition, a file can be marked as “changed since last backup”by adding 32 to its attribute. Thus, for example, if a file’s attribute is set to 35 (1 + 2 + 32), the file is classified as a Read-only Hidden file that has been changed since the last backup. SETFOCUS The method objectName.SetFocus moves the focus to the named form or control. Only the object with the focus can receive user input from the keyboard or the mouse. If objectName is a form, the form’s default control, if any, receives the focus. Disabled and invisible objects cannot receive the focus. If an attempt is made to set focus to a control that cannot receive the focus, the next control in tab order receives the focus. SETTEXT The method ClipBoard.SetText info replaces the contents of the clipboard with the string info. SGN The value of the function Sgn(x) is 1, 0, or –1, depending on whether x is positive, zero, or negative, respectively. Appendix C 449
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Computer Programming Concepts and V
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CONTENTS SECTION 1: PROBLEM SOLVING
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13.3 WEB PAGE PROGRAMMING WITH VBSC
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S E C T I O N 1 PROBLEM SOLVING
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4 Computer Programming Concepts and
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10 Computer Programming Concepts an
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S E C T I O N 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF PRO
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3.1 SUB PROCEDURES, PART I Structur
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The second task performed by the ad
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‘The density (number of people pe
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"Hawaii", 1184000, 6471 "Alaska", 6
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dure by just using the variable in
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Call CalculateSum(x, y, s) Call Dis
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■ FORM-LEVEL VARIABLES Visual Bas
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3. In Appendix D, the section “St
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Private Sub cmdDetermine_Click() Di
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Private Sub cmdCompute_Click() Dim
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preceded with the word ByVal. Built
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It is clear from the hierarchy char
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The meaningful procedure names, alo
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FIGURE 3-9 Sample Run for Programmi
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4.1 RELATIONAL AND LOGICAL OPERATOR
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(a) (2 < n) And (n < 6) (b) (2 < n)
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SOLUTION: In the following program,
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The Else part of an If block can be
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picTax.Cls picTax.Print “Your FIC
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Case 4, 5 picOutcome.Print “You a
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EXAMPLE 3 The following program use
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Case Else picResult.Print “The st
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4. The items in the value list must
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The hierarchy chart in Figure 4-4 s
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‘Program to compute employees’
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Private Function TaxMarried(adjPay
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and tells us whether the food meets
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S E C T I O N 5 REPETITION
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132 Computer Programming Concepts a
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S E C T I O N 6 ARRAYS
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S E C T I O N 7 SEQUENTIAL FILES
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S E C T I O N 8 RANDOM-ACCESS FILES
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S E C T I O N 9 THE GRAPHICAL DISPL
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10.1 LIST BOXES AND COMBO BOXES The
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Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() Dim item
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either typing in information or jus
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Private Sub cmdDisplay_Click() picF
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clicks on the square to toggle betw
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circle and the button is said to be
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hsbBar.Value changes accordingly. T
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THE SHAPE CONTROL The shape control
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FIGURE 10-9 A Picture Created with
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Rows 9 ScrollBars 0 - flexScrollBar
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Private Sub cmdQuit_Click() End End
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Here, the menu bar contains two men
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Clipboard.Clear deletes the content
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cedures that are available to all f
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The Flags property influences certa
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13. Additional forms serve as new w
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6. Voting Machine. The members of t
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11.1 AN INTRODUCTION TO DATABASES T
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9. Click on the down arrow to the r
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clicked or a Move, Update, Delete,
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Do While (Not foundFlag) And (Not d
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mary key. Databases of student enro
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question mark stands for a single c
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1995 populations. When the second c
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If a Find method does not locate a
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place an x in the check box next to
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population (in descending order). W
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Creating and Designing Databases 34
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9. When all fields have been specif
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Creating and Designing Databases 34
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TABLE 11.5(B) TABLE 11.5(C) course
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(a) Update the quantity field of th
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12.1 CLASSES AND OBJECTS noun A wor
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Task Statement Assign a value to a
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EXAMPLE 1 and then an instance of t
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[Run, enter the data for a student
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SOLUTION: Object Property Setting f
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4. Methods can be either Function o
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‘Student Class (CStudent) Private
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txtFinal.Text = “” picGrades.Pr
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■ EVENTS In the previous section
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frmCircles.ForeColor = vbRed ‘Mak
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Public Function X() As Integer X =
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End Sub Private Sub cmdDropBomb_Cli
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Next i End Sub Public Function Read
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Remove method. The number of object
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S E C T I O N 13 COMMUNICATING WITH
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Page 413: A P P E N D I C E S
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Page 475 and 476: 466 Technology of the Internet D Da
Page 477 and 478: 468 Technology of the Internet Rela
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Page 481: SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS CD-ROM INSTRUCT
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Computer Programming Concepts and Visual Basic David I. Schneider

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