Computer Programming Concepts and Visual Basic David I. Schneider

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276 Computer Programming Concepts and Visual Basic Private Sub ShowLegend(maxEnroll As Single) ‘Show legend picEnroll.Line (.1, 1.05 * maxEnroll)-(.9, .95 * maxEnroll), , BF Call Locate(1, 1.05 * maxEnroll) picEnroll.Print “Male” picEnroll.Line (.1, .9 * maxEnroll)-(.9, .8 * maxEnroll), , B Call Locate(1, .9 * maxEnroll) picEnroll.Print “Female” End Sub Private Sub ShowTitle(maxEnroll As Single) ‘Display source and title Call Locate(-.5, -.1 * maxEnroll) picEnroll.Print “Source: Statistical Abstract of the United States” Call Locate(.5, 1.2 * maxEnroll) picEnroll.Print “Two-Year College Enrollments (in thousands)” End Sub FIGURE 9-15 Chart for Example 2 COMMENTS 1. Any line chart can be converted to a bar chart and vice versa. Line charts are best suited for displaying quantities that vary with time. The slopes of the individual line segments clearly portray the rates at which the quantity is changing. Bar charts excel in contrasting the magnitudes of different entities. 2. The Line method can produce colored rectangles. If vbColor is one of the 8 color constants, then the statement picBox.Line (x1, y1)–(x2, y2), vbColor, B draws a rectangle in color. A colored solid rectangle will be produced if B is replaced by BF. The use of color permits clustered bar charts with three bars per cluster. 3. In Section 9.4, we discuss a method to fill in rectangles using various patterns, such as horizontal lines and crosshatches. Using this technique, we can create black-and-white clustered bar charts having three or more bars per cluster.
9.4 PIE CHARTS Drawing pie charts requires the Circle method and the FillStyle property. The Circle method draws not only circles, but also sectors (formed by an arc and two radius lines). The FillStyle property determines what pattern, if any, is used to fill a sector. The FillColor property can be used, if desired, to lend color to the fill patterns. Figure 9-16 shows a circle with several radius lines drawn. The radius line extending to the right from the center of the circle is called the horizontal radius line. Every other radius line is assigned a number between 0 and 1 according to the percentage of the circle that must be swept out in the counterclockwise direction in order to reach that radius line. For instance, beginning at the horizontal radius line and rotating 1/4 of the way around the circle counterclockwise, we reach the radius line labeled .25. FIGURE 9-16 Numbers Assigned to Radius Lines EXAMPLE 1 In Figure 9-17, what percentage of the area of the circle lies in the shaded sector? FIGURE 9-17 Circle for Example 1 SOLUTION: The percentage of the circle contained between the radius lines labeled .15 and .35 is 35% – 15%, or 20%. The statement picBox.Circle (x, y), r draws the circle with center (x, y) and radius r. More precisely, the length of the horizontal radius line will be r units in the scale for the x axis determined by the picBox.Scale statement. If 0 < a and c is the circumference of the unit circle (2*π), then the statement picBox.Circle (x, y), r, , a * c, b * c draws an arc from the end of radius line a to the end of radius line b. See Figure 9-18(a). The statement picBox.Circle (x, y), r, , -a * c, -b * c draws the sector corresponding to that arc. See Figure 9-18(b). Pie Charts 277
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Computer Programming Concepts and V
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CONTENTS SECTION 1: PROBLEM SOLVING
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13.3 WEB PAGE PROGRAMMING WITH VBSC
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S E C T I O N 1 PROBLEM SOLVING
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4 Computer Programming Concepts and
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10 Computer Programming Concepts an
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S E C T I O N 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF PRO
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3.1 SUB PROCEDURES, PART I Structur
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The second task performed by the ad
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‘The density (number of people pe
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"Hawaii", 1184000, 6471 "Alaska", 6
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dure by just using the variable in
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Call CalculateSum(x, y, s) Call Dis
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■ FORM-LEVEL VARIABLES Visual Bas
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3. In Appendix D, the section “St
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Private Sub cmdDetermine_Click() Di
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Private Sub cmdCompute_Click() Dim
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preceded with the word ByVal. Built
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It is clear from the hierarchy char
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The meaningful procedure names, alo
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FIGURE 3-9 Sample Run for Programmi
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4.1 RELATIONAL AND LOGICAL OPERATOR
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(a) (2 < n) And (n < 6) (b) (2 < n)
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SOLUTION: In the following program,
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The Else part of an If block can be
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picTax.Cls picTax.Print “Your FIC
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Case 4, 5 picOutcome.Print “You a
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EXAMPLE 3 The following program use
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Case Else picResult.Print “The st
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4. The items in the value list must
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The hierarchy chart in Figure 4-4 s
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‘Program to compute employees’
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Private Function TaxMarried(adjPay
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and tells us whether the food meets
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S E C T I O N 5 REPETITION
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132 Computer Programming Concepts a
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S E C T I O N 6 ARRAYS
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S E C T I O N 7 SEQUENTIAL FILES
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Page 295 and 296: 10.1 LIST BOXES AND COMBO BOXES The
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Page 309 and 310: THE SHAPE CONTROL The shape control
Page 311 and 312: FIGURE 10-9 A Picture Created with
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Page 315 and 316: Private Sub cmdQuit_Click() End End
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clicked or a Move, Update, Delete,
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Do While (Not foundFlag) And (Not d
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mary key. Databases of student enro
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question mark stands for a single c
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1995 populations. When the second c
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If a Find method does not locate a
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place an x in the check box next to
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population (in descending order). W
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Creating and Designing Databases 34
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9. When all fields have been specif
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Creating and Designing Databases 34
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TABLE 11.5(B) TABLE 11.5(C) course
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(a) Update the quantity field of th
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12.1 CLASSES AND OBJECTS noun A wor
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Task Statement Assign a value to a
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EXAMPLE 1 and then an instance of t
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[Run, enter the data for a student
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SOLUTION: Object Property Setting f
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4. Methods can be either Function o
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‘Student Class (CStudent) Private
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txtFinal.Text = “” picGrades.Pr
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■ EVENTS In the previous section
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frmCircles.ForeColor = vbRed ‘Mak
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Public Function X() As Integer X =
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End Sub Private Sub cmdDropBomb_Cli
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Next i End Sub Public Function Read
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Remove method. The number of object
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S E C T I O N 13 COMMUNICATING WITH
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A P P E N D I C E S
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APPENDIX C VISUAL BASIC STATEMENTS,
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CANCEL The Cancel property provides
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COLS and ROWS The Cols and Rows pro
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DEFINT, DEFLNG, DEFSNG, DEFDBL, DEF
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ENVIRON Visual Basic has an environ
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FONT.ITALIC or FONTITALIC These pro
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yields “1234.”, Format(1234000,
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the length of the string currently
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ISNUMERIC The value of the function
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Unlock statement is used to remove
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Focus Default Default Number First
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OR (Logical Operator) The logical e
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the same as in the original Dimensi
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SECOND The function Second extracts
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STRETCH When the Stretch property o
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UNLOCK The Unlock command is intend
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[COLOR]: Numbers written in base 16
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Appendix D 457
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466 Technology of the Internet D Da
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468 Technology of the Internet Rela
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470 Technology of the Internet 2. D
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SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS CD-ROM INSTRUCT
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Computer Programming Concepts and Visual Basic David I. Schneider

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