Barry Cunlife - The Scythians

horse burials, Arzhan 1 95–8
horse gear 90, 90
Saragash phase 196–7
shamanistic belief system 93,
93
weapons of war 89–90, 89, 91,
102
Taliándörögd dragon pairs,
Hungary 163, 164
Tanais 126, 127–8, 127, 325
Tápiószentmárton recumbent gold
stag, Hungary 150, 153
Targitaos (Hercules) 266, 267, 268,
269
tattooing, body 207–9, 208, 209,
265
Taxcais, Scythian king 256, 358
Thagimasadas (Poseidon) 268
Thales, philosopher 44
Thatis River, Battle of, Bosporan
Kingdom 258
Thrace 106, 150, 256
Thraco-Kimmerian culture 107
Thucydides 45
tiger, Frolov collection 9
Tillya Tepe cemetery, Afghanistan
315
Dragon Master pendant 316
tin mining, Zeravshan, Uzbekistan
73
Tobolsk, gold belt buckle 5
Tolstaya mogila, Ordžonikidze,
Ukraine 21, 139–40
arrangement of burials 141,
302–3, 303, 304
feasting 306
gold pectoral 222, 223, 286,
286, 348, 349
Tomis, Greek colony 38, 57–8
Tomsk, Siberia 3
Tomyris, Sakā queen 41, 219, 255,
262
Tradescant, John 1
Trajan, emperor 321
index
Trajan’s column, Rome 321
Trakhtemirov settlement, Ukraine
129, 130, 132–3
Trapezus, Greek colony 30, 37
tree of life (ficus mundi) motif 276,
282, 283, 289, 348
Trekbratniy kurgan relief 279, 281
trilobite arrowheads 106–7, 157
Triphon funerary monument,
Tanais 324
Tsagaan Salaa petroglyph,
Mongolia 284, 284
Tsimbalka kurgan, gold bridle
decoration 276
Tuekata kurgan 1, Central Asia
165–7, 167
Tyras, Greek trading post 124
Ural Mountains 64
Urartu Kingdom 31, 32, 32–3, 114,
115, 115, 116
Uyuk hollow, Tuva region, climate
changes 86–7, 87, 88,
95–103
Valens, emperor 325
Valerius Flaccus 266
Vandals 325, 326
Vekerzug culture, Carpathian Basin
152, 152–6, 154, 157
Vergina great mound, Macedonia
143
Vesebusky, N. J. 344
Veseloksky, N. I. 338, 340
Visigoths 325
Wandsworth bronze shield boss,
London 165, 166
warfare and weapons, Scythian
229–63
battleaxes and maces 244–5,
245
beheading enemies 260–1, 261
body armour 248, 248
bows and arrows 238–42, 239,
240, 241
bridles 235–7, 236, 237, 238
celebrating victory 260–3
climate change and stress of
over-population 230
evidence from the graves 251–3
gelding of horses preference 231
gorytoi (quivers) 241–2, 241,
242, 243, 254, 255, 344–5,
344
helmets 249–51, 249
horses and horse gear 231–7
images of conflict 253–5
learning form the Greeks and
Persians 230–1
poisoned arrows 241
raiding 230
saddles and saddle cloths 232–7,
234, 235, 238
Scythian cavalry in Persian
service 259–60
in the service of others 258–60
shields 247–8, 247
spears and lances 243–4, 243
strategy and tactics 255–8
swords and daggers 115, 115,
244, 244
warrior hordes and migrations
230
whips 246
William of Rubruck 327
winged goddess gold plaque,
Ukraine 277
Witaszkowo gold fish, Poland
157–8, 158
Witsen, Nicolaas 3–5
Witsen Siberian antiquities 4
women:
Sauromatae women warriors
219
skin cleaning 210–11
status in Scythian society
140–1, 194, 219
399