Barry Cunlife - The Scythians

further reading
2007), 135–44 and in the same author’s more detailed work, Istoriya ekonomiki Stepnoi
Skifii VI–III vv. do n.é. (Economic History of Steppe Scythia, 6th–3rd Centuries BC)
(Kiev, 1999).
A thoughtful introduction to the Sauromatians is given in T. Sulimirski, The Sarmatians
(London, 1970), 39–53. For an extended treatment see four chapters in Davis-
Kimball, Bashilov, and Yablonsky (eds.), Nomads of the Eurasian Steppes in the Early Iron
Age (cited above): M. G. Moshkova, ‘A Brief Review of the History of the Sauromatians
and Sarmatian Tribes’, 85–9; the same author’s ‘History of the Studies of the
Sauromatian and Sarmatian Tribes’, 91–6; V. V. Dvornichenko, ‘Sauromatians and
Sarmatians of the Eurasian Steppes: The Transitional Period from the Bronze Age’,
101–4; and the same author’s ‘Sauromatian Culture’, 105–16.
The literature on the interaction between Greeks and Scythians on the north Pontic
interface is very considerable. The two classic works are E. H. Minns, Scythians and
Greeks: A Survey of the Ancient History and Archaeology on the North Coast of the Euxine from
the Danube to the Caucasus (Cambridge, 1913) and M. I. Rostovtzeff, Iranians and Greeks in
South Russia (Oxford, 1922). The best brief introduction is provided in J. Boardman,
The Greeks Overseas: Their Early Colonies and Trade (2nd edn., London, 1980), 238–66. The
most comprehensive recent survey exploring the many complexities of the interaction
is C. Meyer, Greco-Scythian Art and the Birth of Eurasia: From Classical Antiquity to Russian
Modernity (Oxford, 2013). It is thoroughly referenced.
The early history of the kingdom of the Bosporus is reviewed in J. Hind, ‘The Bosporan
Kingdom’, in D. M. Lewis et al. (eds.), The Cambridge Ancient History, vi: The 4th
Century BC (Cambridge,1995), 476–511. Three articles dealing with different aspects of
the Greek/Scythian engagement relevant to this chapter appear in D. Braund (ed.),
Scythians and Greeks: Cultural Interactions in Scythia, Athens and the Early Roman Empire
(Sixth Century BC–First Century AD) (Exeter, 2005): S. D. Kryzhitskiy, ‘Olbia and the
Scythians in the Fifth Century BC: The Scythian “Protectorate” ’, 123–30; V. Bylkova,
‘The Lower Dnieper Region as an Area of Greek/Barbarian Interaction’, 131–47; and A.
A. Maslennikov, ‘The Development of Graeco-Barbarian Contacts in the Chora of the
European Bosphorus (Sixth–First Centuries)’, 153–66.
The great inland market centres (gorodišče) are introduced in two general papers by
R. Rolle, ‘Royal Tombs and Hill Fortresses: New Perspectives on Scythian Life’, in J.
Aruz et al. (eds.), The Golden Deer of Eurasia: Perspectives on the Steppe Nomads of the Ancient
World (New York, 2006), 168–81 and ‘The Scythians: Between Mobility, Tomb Architecture
and Early Urban Structures’, in Bonfante (ed.), The Barbarians of Ancient Europe
(cited above), 107–31. For more details of the fortification of Bel’sk see B. A. Shramko,
Bel’skoe gorodišče skifskoj epokhi (gorod Gelon) (Bels’k Fortified Settlement of the Scythian
Epoch (Gelon Town) ) (Kiev, 1987) and R. Rolle, V. J. Murzin, and B. A. Shramko, ‘Das
372