Barry Cunlife - The Scythians

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gallery of objectsThe body is divided into two registers by a narrow ovoloband set just below the widest part of its girth; the lowerpart is decorated with narrow, closely spaced petals arisingfrom a rosette centred on the base. The upper registerdepicts six male Scythians arranged in pairs, all deepin conversation.1. A seated longhaired and bearded Scythian, restinghis right arm on his battleaxe, talks to anotherbearded individual, who also sits, holding a whip.2. A clean-shaven young man sits with one leg crossedover the other leaning on his battleaxe whilst listeningto an older bearded man, who offers him a bow.3. A bearded man holding a rod in his right handstretches out his left hand to his partner. This secondman, who is also bearded, is kneeling holding twospears in one hand and a shield in the other.Interpretation is difficult. Whilst the scenes could simplyrepresent male comradeship, it is more likely thatthey were intended to represent events from Scythianhistory or mythology familiar to contemporaryÂviewers.The individual depictions provide detailed evidenceof the physical appearance of Scythian males and theirclothing. A full range of weaponry is shown: spears,shields, battleaxes, and whips, while each man wears hisgorytos.The beaker is similar in form and decoration to theKul’-Oba beaker. Vessels of this kind are depicted inscenes of Scythians rituals involving female deities,suggestÂing that they may have been cult objects.335
3 Gaymonova mogila cupgallery of objects(Kiev Museum of Historical Treasures)From the kurgan of Gaymonova mogila, near the village of Balki in the ZaporizhzhyaOblast, excavated in 1969 by V. I. Bidzilya. Late fourth century bc.The drinking cup, 92 mm in height, is made of silver with the figures gilded.The cup has two lug handles. It is decorated in two registers separated by a horizontalband of ovoli set beneath its widest girth. The lower register is ornamented336
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the scythians
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Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, ox2
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prefacehistory exploring, with undi
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contentsviii
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discovering the scythiansinterest i
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discovering the scythians1.3 Peter
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discovering the scythiansmounds to
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discovering the scythiansÂantiquit
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discovering the scythians1.7 The ex
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discovering the scythians1.9 (Oppos
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discovering the scythiansKuban regi
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discovering the scythiansNChulymKur
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discovering the scythians1.16 The e
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After the Revolutiondiscovering the
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discovering the scythiansLate Bronz
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discovering the scythians1.18 The g
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discovering the scythiansin 1986-90
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the scythians as others saw themlan
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the scythians as others saw themScy
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the scythians as others saw themThe
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the scythians as others saw themGre
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the scythians as others saw themwou
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Mediterranean Sea0 500 milesPersian
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the scythians as others saw themAlt
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the scythians as others saw themtha
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the scythians as others saw themaud
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the scythians as others saw themcra
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the scythians as others saw themBey
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the scythians as others saw themwer
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the scythians as others saw themsee
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the scythians as others saw them2.1
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the scythians as others saw themset
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landscapes with people3.1 The lands
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landscapes with peopleThe steppe zo
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landscapes with peopletwo severe wi
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SeretBugDnieperlandscapes with peop
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landscapes with peopleSufficient wi
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landscapes with peopleMore direct e
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landscapes with peopleSrubnayaAndro
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landscapes with peopleskeletons fro
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landscapes with peopleAlongside the
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landscapes with people3.11 The elab
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landscapes with peopleBroadly conte
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predatory nomadshave tended to be i
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predatory nomads0Relative temperatu
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predatory nomads4.4 Tagar period br
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predatory nomads4.8 Bronze plaque i
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Deer stones (Olenniye Kami)Nsna iEl
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4.13 Plan and section of the Arzhan
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predatory nomads4.16 Bronze plaque
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predatory nomadsThe astonishing dis
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predatory nomadsan isolated later i
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Dnieperpredatory nomadssion no surp
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predatory nomadsbecoming the domina
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predatory nomadsies which concentra
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5THE RISE OF THE PONTICSTEPPE SCYTH
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the rise of the pontic steppe scyth
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crossing the carpathians6.1 Satelli
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crossing the carpathianslar materia
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crossing the carpathiansTransylvani
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DanubeOdercrossing the carpathiansB
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crossing the carpathiansnomads woul
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crossing the carpathians6.8 Large g
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crossing the carpathiansIt is not s
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crossing the carpathiansin its pred
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crossing the carpathians6.14 Detail
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crossing the carpathians6.16 Wooden
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scythians in central asiaThere is,
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scythians in central asiaAchaemenid
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7.4 Carpet made from knotted woolle
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scythians in central asiaIn another
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scythians in central asiawere proba
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scythians in central asiaAncient ri
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scythians in central asiaCemeteries
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scythians in central asia7.11 Recon
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A l tscythians in central asiaOb’
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7.16 Kurgan 5 at Pazyryk as it now
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scythians in central asiaby several
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scythians in central asia7.20 Recon
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scythians in central asiafrom the t
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scythians in central asiaChina duri
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8BODIES CLOTHEDIN SKINSDifferent ob
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bodies clothed in skinsmuch we can
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bodies clothed in skins8.2 Silver v
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bodies clothed in skinsleather, ano
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bodies clothed in skinsfelt legging
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bodies clothed in skinstight-fittin
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bodies clothed in skins8.10 Petrogl
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bodies clothed in skins8.12 Bronze
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bodies clothed in skinsits delicacy
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bodies clothed in skins8.15 Plaque
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bodies clothed in skinsThis usually
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bodies clothed in skinsThe large he
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bodies clothed in skins8.20 Man pla
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9BENDING THE BOWOne of the characte
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bending the bowtheir bodies with a
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bending the bow9.1a/b Two scenes fr
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bending the bow9.4 Saddle cover fro
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bending the bowA Pazyryk horse comp
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bending the bow9.9 The Scythian bow
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bending the bowParthians—the Part
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bending the bow9.15 (Right) The sil
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bending the bow9.18 Iron battleaxe
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bending the bowon the Gaymanova mog
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bending the bowof such intricacy wo
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bending the bowmake them more comfo
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bending the bowThe burial is remark
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bending the bowbare-headed foot sol
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bending the bowRealizing at the out
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bending the bowtime to time with th
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bending the bow9.28 Detail from a g
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bending the bowthe introduction of
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of gods, beliefs, and artof the sch
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of gods, beliefs, and arthearth. Th
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of gods, beliefs, and artwould have
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of gods, beliefs, and artsacred gol
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of gods, beliefs, and art10.2 (Left
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of gods, beliefs, and artImages of
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of gods, beliefs, and art10.8 Gilde
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of gods, beliefs, and art10.10 Deta
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of gods, beliefs, and art10.13 Gold
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Page 295 and 296: of gods, beliefs, and art10.20 Deta
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Page 300 and 301: 11THE WAY OF DEATHDuring the human
Page 302 and 303: the way of deathtism. Another backw
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Page 306 and 307: the way of deathThe ProcessionsIn t
Page 308 and 309: the way of death11.3 (Right) Kurgan
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Page 312 and 313: shaft 1the way of deathTOLSTAYA MOG
Page 314 and 315: the way of death11.8 The Elizavetin
Page 316 and 317: the way of deathIn relishing the de
Page 318: the way of deathThe Massagetae had
Page 321 and 322: scythians in the longue duréetion
Page 323 and 324: A l176 -160 bcYuezhi 140 -135 bcSak
Page 325 and 326: scythians in the longue durée12.2
Page 327 and 328: scythians in the longue duréeBospo
Page 329 and 330: scythians in the longue duréeOn tw
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Page 333 and 334: scythians in the longue duréeunend
Page 335 and 336: SNVolgaUralAlans c.370Hun area of s
Page 338: gallery of objects
Page 341 and 342: 1 The Kul’-Oba gold beakergallery
Page 343: 2 Chastye Kurgany beakergallery of
Page 347 and 348: 4 Solokha cupgallery of objects(Sta
Page 349 and 350: 5 Solokha combgallery of objects(St
Page 351 and 352: 6 Perederiieva mogila helmetgallery
Page 353 and 354: 7 Solokha gorytosgallery of objects
Page 355 and 356: 8 Sachnovka diademgallery of object
Page 357 and 358: 9 Tolstaya mogila pectoralgallery o
Page 359 and 360: 10 The Chertomlÿk amphoragallery o
Page 362 and 363: timeline
Page 364: Asia Minor Central Asia Altai-Sayan
Page 367 and 368: scythian kings and dynastiesDynasti
Page 369 and 370: further readingClassical TextsIn th
Page 371 and 372: further reading116-47. The creation
Page 373 and 374: further readingArchaeology’, Worl
Page 375 and 376: further readingwriters as ‘noble
Page 377 and 378: further readingThe impact of horse-
Page 379 and 380: further reading7 (2001), 307-39 he
Page 381 and 382: further reading2007), 135-44 and in
Page 383 and 384: further reading(pp. 368-70). These
Page 385 and 386: further reading‘Tuva during the S
Page 387 and 388: further reading(Cambridge, 2011), 7
Page 389 and 390: further readingScythes (Hérodote 4
Page 391 and 392: further readingobryadnost’ nasele
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illustr ation sourcesMaps were prod
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illustration sources5.7 Author: mul
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illustration sourcesКаталог
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INDEXNote: numbers in bold refer to
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coiled feline motif, Scythian 284-5
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bone cheek pieces, Karasukperiod 77
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wall hanging 213, 243, 280, 280wool
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horse burials, Arzhan 1 95-8horse g
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Barry Cunlife - The Scythians

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