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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A3 Verbs 510 / 600(to be expanded)Vowel-rootThis class is the simplest one historically, there's just -ti in infinitive and -je in pres-3:inf pres-3 past-mvowel-root -ti -j-e -oOnly a limited number of verbs fall into this class:biti (bije) beatčuti (čuje) hearkriti (krije) hidepiti (pije) drinkšiti (šije) sewviti (vije) waveThe verb biti (bije) is rare in Croatia nowadays, but verbs derived from it – e.g. ubiti(ubije) perf. kill – are common. The same holds for viti (vije). One more verb – šiti(šije) – is archaic, šivati is much more frequent in meaning sew – but verbs derivedfrom it are not.Additionally, two perfective verbs also fall into this class:obuti (obuje) perf. put on (shoes)umiti (umije) perf. wash (face)With possible sound shifts in infinitive and presentThis set of classes is basically the same as vowel-root, but they historically didn'thave a vowel before -ti in infinitive, so all kinds of sound assimilations happened inthe infinitive as well as in the present! Verbs belonging to this class often havedifferent consonants in all three main forms (infinitive, present, past). Most verbs inthis group have -ao in past-m.It's possible to group verbs based on their (historic) final consonants. Followingclasses don't have major alternations; they characteristically have -sti in theinfinitive, and their historic final consonant is revealed in present forms:inf pres-3 past-m past-fs-root -s-ti -s-e -s-a-o -s-last-root -s-ti -st-e -st-a-o -s-lab-root -ps-ti -b-e -b-a-o -b-laz-root -s-ti -z-e -z-a-o -z-lad/t-root-s-ti -d-e -o -la-s-ti -t-e -o -la
Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A3 Verbs 511 / 600Except for d/t-root verbs, only a handful of verbs fall into these classes. They are:grepsti (grebe, grebao, grebla) scratchgristi (grize, grizao, grizla) bitemusti (muze, muzao, muzla) milkrasti (raste, rastao, rasla) growtresti (trese, tresao, tresla) shake, shivervesti (veze, vezao, vezla) embroider-vesti (-veze, -vezao, -vezla)The second -vesti (etc.) is a base many verbs are derived from, with the basicmeaning drive, e.g. odvesti (etc.) drive away. The verb grepsti (etc.) is rare, morecommon is variant grebati (grebe). Of course, verbs are derived from the otherverbs listed above too, e.g. odrasti (etc.).The following verbs belong to the d/t-root verbs:bosti (bode, bo / boo, bola) stab, prodjesti (jede, jeo, jela) eatkrasti (krade, krao, krala) stealpresti (prede, preo, prela) spin (yarn); purr-vesti (-vede, -veo, -vela)cvasti (cvate, cvao, cvala) blossommesti (mete, meo, mela) sweepplesti (plete, pleo, plela) knitAgain, many verbs are derived from them, and the base -vesti (etc.) is used only toderive verbs from, with the basic meaning lead.The following class has major alternations:inf pres-3 past-m past-fk/g-root -ći -č-e -k-a-o -k-laThis class is called k/g-root for historical reasons – there are no g-root verbs incommon use today. All alternations in various forms are shown here, with vući pullas an example (again, the original k is seen in past-m and pres-3pl):
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Easy Croatian© Daniel N. 2009-2019
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ContentsIntroduction 601 Alphabet a
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84 Western Urban Speech 46785 Small
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Introducon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 01 Alphabe
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 02 Simples
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 02 Simples
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 03 Objects
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 04 No, Oen
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 04 No, Oen
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 05 Accusav
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 06 Desnaon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 07 Verbs w
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 08 Weather
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 08 Weather
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 09 Numbers
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 09 Numbers
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 10 Gender
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 11 Colors,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 12 Simple
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 13 She Lov
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 14 My and
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 15 Locaons
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 16 Giving
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 17 Adjecve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 17 Adjecve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 18 This an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 19 Your, A
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 20 At My F
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 20 At My F
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 21 Origins
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 22 Here I
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 23 I’m C
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 24 Past Te
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 25 Plural
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 26 Yes or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 26 Yes or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 27 Body 15
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 28 Asking
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 30 Three B
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 30 Three B
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 31 First,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 32 Love an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 32 Love an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 33 School
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 34 Stresse
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 35 Tools a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 36 Dave/Lo
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 36 Dave/Lo
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 37 Complet
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 38 Needs,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 39 Would,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 39 Would,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 40 Future
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 41 Somewhe
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 41 Somewhe
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 42 Come In
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 43 And, Or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 44 Genive
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 45 Quanes
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 46 More th
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 46 More th
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 47 Of Flow
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 48 Wholes,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 49 For 7 H
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 50 Because
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 50 Because
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 51 For Day
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 51 For Day
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 52 Stand,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 54 When, W
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 55 More Pr
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 55 More Pr
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 56 Desires
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 57 Whose,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 57 Whose,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 58 Colloqu
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 59 Knowing
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 60 More Us
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 61 Cake is
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 61 Cake is
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 62 The Fri
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 63 Bigger
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 64 The Doo
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 65 Carry,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 66 Smoking
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 67 Only, E
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 68 Three M
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 69 Memorie
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 70 If I We
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 70 If I We
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 71 Suggeso
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 72 Address
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 72 Address
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 73 Learnin
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 74 It Just
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 74 It Just
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 75 Friends
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 75 Friends
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 76 Inner,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 77 As If:
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 78 Dijete
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 79 You’r
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 80 Present
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 80 Present
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 81 Sneeze
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Page 489 and 490: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 89 Customs
Page 491 and 492: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 90 Number-
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Page 495 and 496: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 91 Taboo W
Page 497 and 498: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 99 Aorist
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Page 501 and 502: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A1 Nouns a
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Page 505 and 506: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A3 Verbs 5
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Page 521 and 522: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A7 Stress
Page 523 and 524: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A7 Stress
Page 525 and 526: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A8 Dialect
Page 531 and 532: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A9 Bosnian
Page 545 and 546: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L1 Common
Page 547 and 548: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L2 Countri
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Page 555 and 556: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Core Dicon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Core Dicon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Index 597
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Keys to Ex
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