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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A3 Verbs 506 / 600(It seems that in Serbia ova/uje is the default verb class.)Unpredictable classes, without shiftsA bit more difficult classes are unpredictable, without sound shifts. You basicallyhave to remember both infinitive and pres-3 form; however, there are no soundshifts. There are 7 classes in this group, divided into 2 subgroups. The first four are:inf pres-3 past-mava/aje -ava-ti -aj-e -ava-oeva/uje -eva-ti -uj-e -eva-oiva/uje -iva-ti -uj-e -iva-ouva/uje -uva-ti -uj-e -uva-oThey all have -ati in the infinitive and are overall similar to a-verbs, except for thepresent forms. Three classes (ava/aje, eva/uje, uva/uje) out of the 4 above containonly a handful of of verbs. Common ones are:davati (daje) give-znavati (-znaje)carevati (caruje) rule as an emperorkraljevati (kraljuje) rule as a kingbljuvati (bljuje) vomitpljuvati (pljuje) spitAll verbs listed are imperfective. Of course, verbs derived by prefixing those listedabove belong to the same class, but some are perfective. Often used are onesderived from davati (daje), e.g. do-davati (do-daje). The "verb" -znavati (-znaje) isnot used on its own, only verbs derived from it by prefixing are used, e.g. po-znavati(po-znaje).Unfortunately, verbs ending in -ivati can be either a-verbs – e.g. plivati, pozivati – oriva/uje-verbs – e.g. dokazivati (dokazuje), etc. There are many iva/uje-verbs – toomuch to list here.The next three classes are a bit more complicated, as two of them have a(predictable) alternation in the past forms. It's interesting that for some of them,Standard forms are different from forms used in speech and casual writing most ofthe time:inf pres-3 past-m past-fa/i -a-ti -i -a-o -a-laje/i -je-ti -i -i-o -je-laje/ije -je-ti -ij-e -i-o -je-la
Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A3 Verbs 507 / 600Only a limited number of verbs belong to the a/i-verbs. Some of them have general,quite basic meanings:bježati run awaybojati paint (wall, fence) *bojati se² be afraidbrojati count *čučati squatdržati holdležati layklečati kneeltrčati runspati sleepstajati (stoji) stand-stojatistrujati stream *(Only infinitives are listed, pres-3 forms end in -i!) The verb stajati (stoji) stand isirregular. This does not apply to verb derived from it, which have regular forms from-stojati. The verb spati (spi) sleep is quite archaic, but still used in some regions(however, verbs derived from it are common). Besides it, all a/i-verb featureCroatian-specific consonants.The rest of a/i-verbs in common use stand for various sounds (again, I list onlyinfinitives):bečati cry (baby)blejati bleatbrujati humcvrčati chirrhučati boomječati cry, shrillpištati squeak, beeppljuštati rain heavily, showerrežati growlšuštati rustle, murmurvrištati screamzujati buzz *zvečati twangzviždati whistlezvučati soundAll a/i-verbs listed here are imperfective, and verbs derived from by prefixing arealso a/i-verbs, but perfective, e.g. dotrčati (dotrči), zaspati (zaspi)...As a rule, a/i-verbs have the stress fixed on the first syllable in the present tense, i.e.the stress doesn't shift to negation in the standard stress scheme:bježati (bježi) run away. . .vrištati (vrišti) scream. . .The only exception is the verb spati (spi) sleep.Four a/i-verbs above are marked with an asterisk (*). They also exist as plain i-verbs,in fact, Standard Croatian insists on them being just plain i-verbs, although a/iversions prevail in use:
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Easy Croatian© Daniel N. 2009-2019
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ContentsIntroduction 601 Alphabet a
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84 Western Urban Speech 46785 Small
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Introducon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 01 Alphabe
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 02 Simples
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 02 Simples
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 03 Objects
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 04 No, Oen
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 04 No, Oen
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 05 Accusav
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 06 Desnaon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 07 Verbs w
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 08 Weather
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 08 Weather
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 09 Numbers
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 09 Numbers
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 10 Gender
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 11 Colors,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 12 Simple
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 13 She Lov
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 14 My and
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 15 Locaons
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 16 Giving
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 17 Adjecve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 17 Adjecve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 18 This an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 19 Your, A
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 20 At My F
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 20 At My F
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 21 Origins
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 22 Here I
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 23 I’m C
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 24 Past Te
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 25 Plural
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 26 Yes or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 26 Yes or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 27 Body 15
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 28 Asking
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 30 Three B
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 30 Three B
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 31 First,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 32 Love an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 32 Love an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 33 School
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 34 Stresse
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 35 Tools a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 36 Dave/Lo
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 36 Dave/Lo
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 37 Complet
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 38 Needs,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 39 Would,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 39 Would,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 40 Future
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 41 Somewhe
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 41 Somewhe
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 42 Come In
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 43 And, Or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 44 Genive
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 45 Quanes
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 46 More th
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 46 More th
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 47 Of Flow
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 48 Wholes,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 49 For 7 H
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 50 Because
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 50 Because
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 51 For Day
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 52 Stand,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 54 When, W
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 55 More Pr
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 55 More Pr
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 56 Desires
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 57 Whose,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 57 Whose,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 58 Colloqu
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 59 Knowing
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 60 More Us
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 61 Cake is
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 61 Cake is
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 62 The Fri
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 63 Bigger
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 64 The Doo
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 65 Carry,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 66 Smoking
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 67 Only, E
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 68 Three M
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 69 Memorie
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 70 If I We
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 70 If I We
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 71 Suggeso
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 72 Address
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 72 Address
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 73 Learnin
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 74 It Just
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 74 It Just
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 75 Friends
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 76 Inner,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 77 As If:
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 78 Dijete
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 79 You’r
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 80 Present
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 81 Sneeze
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Page 489 and 490: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 89 Customs
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Page 495 and 496: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 91 Taboo W
Page 497 and 498: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 99 Aorist
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Page 501 and 502: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A1 Nouns a
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Page 521 and 522: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A7 Stress
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Page 525 and 526: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A8 Dialect
Page 531 and 532: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A9 Bosnian
Page 545 and 546: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L1 Common
Page 547 and 548: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L2 Countri
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Page 555 and 556: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Core Dicon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Core Dicon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Index 597
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Keys to Ex
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