EasyCroatian_r47.an

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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 86 More Verbs and Standing Outcomes 474 / 600about completed actions, but also about the outcomes, especially for voluntaryactions – and the outcome of going somewhere is being there.There’s another way to distance yourself from a past action expressed by avoluntary perfective verb – by using another tense, not yet described: the so-calledplusquamperfect tense (in English, the name is often simplified to pluperfect tense).It roughly corresponds to he had opened and like.The tense is formed like the common past tense, but there’s an extra past form ofthe verb biti (je² +), in the same gender and number as the other past form:Gledala sam film A . I was watching the movie. (fem. speaking)Bila sam gledala film A . (pluperfect)You can visualize it as putting the verb in the past twice:present gledam I’m watching↓ ...put the verb gledati into the pastpast gledala sam I was watching↓ ...put the verb biti (je² +) into the pastpluperfect bila sam gledala I had been watchingUsing this tense, we can put a distance from the action – there’s no ‘standingoutcome’:Bio sam otvorio prozor A . I had opened the window. (But it was maybe closed later.)It also serves to emphasize actions and states, like I was really doing it, I really did it,it has really happened:Bila sam gledala film A . I was really watching the movie.Bio sam otvorio prozor A . I did open the window. (despite it being closed now)However, this tense is actually very rare in speech, just check these Google results(from the .hr domain):form hitsgledao sam 152000bio sam gledaogledao sam bio72You will find this tense occasionally in literature. There are actually even moretenses you’ll see sometimes in writing; they will be described in 99 Aorist Tense andOther Marginal Features.Let’s go back to verbs. The next family is weird – there’s no base verb (or pair) – allverbs have prefixes. They are made attaching prefixes to this:-premati («) ~ -premiti («)
Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 86 More Verbs and Standing Outcomes 475 / 600Common verbs in this family are:prefix used with meaningo- A equippos- A (dest) tidy, put to placepri- A (za¨ A1) prepares- A (dest)put to its placemake ready *do- A (dest) deliverThe pair derived with pri- has a simple meaning, prepare. It’s used with an object orwith a se²:Pripremio sam ručak A . I’ve prepared lunch.Pripremio sam se. I’ve prepared (myself).You can express what for the preparation was with za¨ + A:Pripremio sam se za put A . I’ve prepared for the trip.The most interesting verb pair is spremati ~ spremiti (since the prefix is merely aconsonant, the stress shift in the present tense is not possible – the stress is alwayson the first syllable).This verb pair has the basic meaning: bring something/someone to theoptimal/requested state. It’s basically used for three things. First, to put things backto their places, e.g. if a book is out of its usual place (shelf), a toy is out of the box,etc.:Spremio sam knjige A . I’ve put the books back in place.If the place is expressed, it’s a destination:Spremio sam knjige A na policu A . I've put the books back to the shelf.Then, this pair covers the meanings expressed by the pri- pair:Spremio sam ručak A . I’ve prepared lunch.Spremio sam se. I’ve prepared (myself).Finally, the third meaning is tidy:Spremio sam sobu A . I’ve tidied the roomNext, there are two interesting verb families. One is derived like this:vršitido-vršavati («) ~ do-vršiti («)The base verb is sometimes used, in meaning do, make. Three derived pairs are quitecommon:
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Easy Croatian© Daniel N. 2009-2019
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ContentsIntroduction 601 Alphabet a
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84 Western Urban Speech 46785 Small
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Introducon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 01 Alphabe
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 02 Simples
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 02 Simples
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 03 Objects
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 04 No, Oen
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 04 No, Oen
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 05 Accusav
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 06 Desnaon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 07 Verbs w
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 08 Weather
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 08 Weather
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 09 Numbers
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 09 Numbers
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 10 Gender
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 11 Colors,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 12 Simple
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 13 She Lov
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 14 My and
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 15 Locaons
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 16 Giving
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 17 Adjecve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 17 Adjecve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 18 This an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 19 Your, A
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 20 At My F
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 20 At My F
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 21 Origins
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 22 Here I
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 23 I’m C
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 24 Past Te
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 25 Plural
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 26 Yes or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 26 Yes or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 27 Body 15
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 28 Asking
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 30 Three B
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 30 Three B
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 31 First,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 32 Love an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 32 Love an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 33 School
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 34 Stresse
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 35 Tools a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 36 Dave/Lo
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 36 Dave/Lo
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 37 Complet
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 38 Needs,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 39 Would,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 39 Would,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 40 Future
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 41 Somewhe
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 41 Somewhe
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 42 Come In
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 43 And, Or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 44 Genive
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 45 Quanes
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 46 More th
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 46 More th
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 47 Of Flow
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 48 Wholes,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 49 For 7 H
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 50 Because
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 50 Because
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 51 For Day
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 51 For Day
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 52 Stand,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 54 When, W
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 55 More Pr
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 55 More Pr
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 56 Desires
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 57 Whose,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 57 Whose,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 58 Colloqu
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 59 Knowing
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 60 More Us
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 61 Cake is
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 61 Cake is
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 62 The Fri
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 63 Bigger
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 64 The Doo
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 65 Carry,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 66 Smoking
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 67 Only, E
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 68 Three M
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 69 Memorie
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 70 If I We
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 70 If I We
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 71 Suggeso
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 72 Address
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 72 Address
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 73 Learnin
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 74 It Just
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Page 489 and 490: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 89 Customs
Page 491 and 492: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 90 Number-
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Page 497 and 498: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 99 Aorist
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Page 505 and 506: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A3 Verbs 5
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Page 521 and 522: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A7 Stress
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A8 Dialect
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A9 Bosnian
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L1 Common
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L2 Countri
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L2 Countri
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L3 Cies an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L3 Cies an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Core Dicon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Index 597
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Keys to Ex
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