EasyCroatian_r47.an
Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 82 Visible and Unreadable: Potenal Adjecves 460 / 600lijepiti glue, stick → ljepljiv stickyAs in English, negated versions of some potential adjectives are more common thennon-negated. The negation is done by simply appending ne- to the front. Commonnegated potential adjectives are:nerazumljiv incomprehensibleneshvatljiv inexplicableneuništiv indestructiblenevidljiv invisibleThe verb piti (pije) drink doesn’t have a regular potential adjective, but a specificadjective is used:pitak (pitk-) drinkable, potableAlso, a frequent negative potential adj. has an unexpected form:nezaboravan (nezaboravn-) unforgettableSome potential adjectives stand for active ability, especially when someone likes todo something, or often does something; this happens mostly for verbs related totalking. For example:paziti take care → pažljiv carefulpričati tell (stories) → pričljiv talkativešaliti se² joke → šaljiv funny, humorousšutjeti / šutiti be silent → šutljiv silentFew more adjectives have (apparently) non-potential meaning:dirati touch → dirljiv touching, emotionalhraniti feed → hranjiv nutritiousosjetiti inch. feel → osjetljiv sensitivesmrdjeti / smrditi stink → smrdljiv foul-smellingstrpiti se² perf. be patient → strpljiv patientzanimati («) be interesting → zanimljiv interestingUnlike passive adjectives, most potential adjectives are comparable (and always usethe -iji suffix). The stress moves to the suffix (ljiv):pažljiv careful → pažljiviji more carefulvidljiv visible → vidljiviji more visibleHowever, you should remember that not all verbs have potential adjectives, even ifit would make sense.Similar in form to potential adjectives – but not in meaning – are adjectives derivedby adding -av. There are only a couple of them derived from verbs in frequent use:brbljati chit-chat → brbljav chattyprljati soil, pollute → prljav dirty
Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 82 Visible and Unreadable: Potenal Adjecves 461 / 600This suffix is used to derive adjectives from certain nouns:dlaka body hair, animal hair → dlakav hairyhrđa rust → hrđav rusty ®krv f blood → krvav bloodymišić muscle → mišićav muscularThese adjectives never have a case-base with the -a- dropped, while adjectiveswhich end in -av for other reasons sometimes have, e.g. mrtav (mrtv-) dead.________® In Serbia and Bosnia, words for rust and rusty don’t have the initial h: they haveforms rđa and rđav.
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 82 Visible and Unreadable: Potenal Adjecves 460 / 600
lijepiti glue, stick → ljepljiv sticky
As in English, negated versions of some potential adjectives are more common then
non-negated. The negation is done by simply appending ne- to the front. Common
negated potential adjectives are:
nerazumljiv incomprehensible
neshvatljiv inexplicable
neuništiv indestructible
nevidljiv invisible
The verb piti (pije) drink doesn’t have a regular potential adjective, but a specific
adjective is used:
pitak (pitk-) drinkable, potable
Also, a frequent negative potential adj. has an unexpected form:
nezaboravan (nezaboravn-) unforgettable
Some potential adjectives stand for active ability, especially when someone likes to
do something, or often does something; this happens mostly for verbs related to
talking. For example:
paziti take care → pažljiv careful
pričati tell (stories) → pričljiv talkative
šaliti se² joke → šaljiv funny, humorous
šutjeti / šutiti be silent → šutljiv silent
Few more adjectives have (apparently) non-potential meaning:
dirati touch → dirljiv touching, emotional
hraniti feed → hranjiv nutritious
osjetiti inch. feel → osjetljiv sensitive
smrdjeti / smrditi stink → smrdljiv foul-smelling
strpiti se² perf. be patient → strpljiv patient
zanimati («) be interesting → zanimljiv interesting
Unlike passive adjectives, most potential adjectives are comparable (and always use
the -iji suffix). The stress moves to the suffix (ljiv):
pažljiv careful → pažljiviji more careful
vidljiv visible → vidljiviji more visible
However, you should remember that not all verbs have potential adjectives, even if
it would make sense.
Similar in form to potential adjectives – but not in meaning – are adjectives derived
by adding -av. There are only a couple of them derived from verbs in frequent use:
brbljati chit-chat → brbljav chatty
prljati soil, pollute → prljav dirty
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