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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 62 The Friend I Saw: Relave Clauses 362 / 600This sounds a bit awkward, but Croatian is flexible and usually nouns with suchdescriptions attached are moved to the back:Došao je na plažu A prijatelj N koji N me A je zvao. (the same meaning) doći past-m | 1Bear in mind that the description does not change if the described noun change itscase:Vidim prijatelja A koji N me A je zvao. I can see the friend who called me.1Razgovarao sam s prijateljem I koji N me A je zvao. I talked to the friend who 1called me.But if you change the noun to plural, you must also change the description, since youare now really talking about something else:Vidim prijatelje A koji N su me A zvali. I can see the friends who called me.1Vidim prijatelje A koje A sam čekao. I can see the friends I was waiting for.In the first sentence, the adjective/pronoun koji is in N-pl, as the friends are thesubject of the clause; in the second one, it’s in A-pl, since they are the object in theclause, while the subject is the first person (expressed by the 1st person verb sam).It’s also obvious that forms of descriptive (i.e. relative) clauses are the same asquestions starting with koji. Therefore, if the role in description involves apreposition, you must place it before koji:Vidim prijatelja A s kojim I sam putovao. I can see the friend I traveled with.Došli smo na plažu A na kojoj DL je bilo mnogo ljudi G . ‘We came to a doći past-mplbeach many people were on.’English is full of reduced passive clauses; for example, instead of:We live in a house that was built by my grandfather.The normal sentence is:We live in a house built by my grandfather.Such reducing is impossible in Croatian. Such passive clauses must be actuallyrephrased in Croatian into non-passive:Živimo u kući DL koju A je izgradio moj djed N . We live in a house my grandfather built.You can also use relative clauses after indefinite pronouns (somebody,everything...). However, there’s a twist in Croatian. If you use relative clauses afterindefinite pronouns, you have to use pronouns tko who or što what as conjunctionsinstead of koji which/what! For example:Vidio sam nešto A [što A ne mogu objasniti]. I saw something [I can’t moći pres-1explain].The pronoun što what here changes case according to the role in the clause, andprepositions came before it:
Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 62 The Friend I Saw: Relave Clauses 363 / 600Obući ću nešto A [u čemu DL se osjećam udobno]. I’ll put on something [I feelcomfortable in].Here, we have the u¨ + DL combination, and DL of što is čem(u). If we use anindefinite pronoun that refers to a person, we have to use forms of tko who:poznavatiOvdje je netko N [koga A poznaješ]. Here’s somebody [you know].Here, the form koga is the accusative form of tko who (refer to 28 Asking Who andWhat), but its form coincides with shorter forms of koji; not so in nominative:Ovdje je netko N [tko N će ti DL pomoći]. Here’s somebody [who will help you]. 2When you append a relative clause to the adjective/pronoun sav (spec. forms)all/everything/everyone, normal relative clauses are used with plural forms, but withneuter singular forms (meaning all, everything), što is used:Došli su svi N [koje A smo pozvali]. Everyone [we invited] came.Ovo N je sve N [što A imam]. This is all [I have]. ®The same applies to the past form ostali (check 52 Stand, Become, Exist, Cease),doći past-mplwhen used as an adjective which is used as a pronoun, and to other adjectives-usedas-pronouns,such as:prvi the first personprvo the first thingzadnji the last personzadnje the last thing(Don’t forget these are just forms of adjectives in various genders, so they changelike an adjective!) For example:Ovo N je zadnje N [što A ću kupiti]. This is the last thing [I’m going to buy]. ®This table summarizes which form of relative clause is used in various situations:
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Easy Croatian© Daniel N. 2009-2019
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ContentsIntroduction 601 Alphabet a
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84 Western Urban Speech 46785 Small
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Introducon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 01 Alphabe
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 02 Simples
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 02 Simples
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 03 Objects
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 04 No, Oen
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 04 No, Oen
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 05 Accusav
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 06 Desnaon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 07 Verbs w
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 08 Weather
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 08 Weather
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 09 Numbers
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 09 Numbers
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 10 Gender
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 11 Colors,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 12 Simple
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 13 She Lov
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 14 My and
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 15 Locaons
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 16 Giving
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 17 Adjecve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 17 Adjecve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 18 This an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 19 Your, A
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 20 At My F
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 20 At My F
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 21 Origins
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 22 Here I
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 23 I’m C
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 24 Past Te
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 25 Plural
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 26 Yes or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 26 Yes or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 27 Body 15
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 28 Asking
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 30 Three B
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 30 Three B
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 31 First,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 32 Love an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 32 Love an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 33 School
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 34 Stresse
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 35 Tools a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 36 Dave/Lo
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 36 Dave/Lo
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 37 Complet
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 38 Needs,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 39 Would,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 39 Would,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 40 Future
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 41 Somewhe
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 41 Somewhe
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 42 Come In
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 43 And, Or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 44 Genive
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 45 Quanes
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 46 More th
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 46 More th
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 47 Of Flow
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 48 Wholes,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 49 For 7 H
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 50 Because
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 50 Because
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 51 For Day
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 51 For Day
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 52 Stand,
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Page 311 and 312: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 53 Giving
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Page 325 and 326: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 56 Desires
Page 331 and 332: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 57 Whose,
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Page 335 and 336: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 58 Colloqu
Page 343 and 344: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 59 Knowing
Page 351 and 352: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 60 More Us
Page 357 and 358: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 61 Cake is
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Page 361: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 62 The Fri
Page 365 and 366: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 62 The Fri
Page 367 and 368: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 63 Bigger
Page 373 and 374: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 64 The Doo
Page 379 and 380: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 65 Carry,
Page 385 and 386: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 66 Smoking
Page 391 and 392: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 67 Only, E
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Page 399 and 400: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 69 Memorie
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 71 Suggeso
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 72 Address
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 72 Address
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 73 Learnin
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 74 It Just
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 74 It Just
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 75 Friends
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 75 Friends
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 76 Inner,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 77 As If:
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 78 Dijete
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 79 You’r
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 79 You’r
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 80 Present
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 80 Present
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 81 Sneeze
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 82 Visible
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 82 Visible
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 83 Depth a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 83 Depth a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 84 Western
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 85 Small a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 85 Small a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 86 More Ve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 86 More Ve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 87 Player,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 88 Weird W
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 88 Weird W
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 89 Customs
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 90 Number-
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 90 Number-
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 91 Taboo W
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 99 Aorist
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 99 Aorist
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A1 Nouns a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A1 Nouns a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A3 Verbs 5
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A5 Word Or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A5 Word Or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A7 Stress
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A7 Stress
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A8 Dialect
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A9 Bosnian
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L1 Common
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L2 Countri
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L2 Countri
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L3 Cies an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L3 Cies an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Core Dicon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Index 597
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Keys to Ex
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