EasyCroatian_r47.an

Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 61 Cake is Eaten: Passive Adjecves 360 / 600
Infinitives of these verbs are similar to passive adjectives – actually, N-pl masc.
forms of pass. adjectives are identical to infinitives. However, stress distinguishes
some verbs from passive adjectives (in the Standard scheme):
pokrenuti verb (inf.)
pokrenuti pass. adj. (N-pl masc.)
zauzeti verb (inf.)
zauzeti pass. adj. (N-pl masc.)
________
® In Serbia, beside the verb spasiti perf. save, rescue, a similar verb is common:
spasti (spase, spasao, spasla), with the same meaning. Its passive adjective is
spasen, as expected. There are frequent discussions in Serbia which one of these
two verbs is ‘right’ (or ‘better’). A number of Serbian ‘linguists’ have been opposed to
spasiti for decades, but it appears to be more common in Serbia than spasti (...)!
However, you will occasionally encounter spasti (...) in Croatia as well.
“Ekavian” forms, which completely dominate in Serbia, have e instead of je or ije in
almost all places, but this replacement doesn’t apply to suffixes forming passive
adjectives! While the “Ekavian” form of voljeti love is voleti, the “Ekavian” pass.
adjective is voljen. The same applies to all other pass. adjectives formed with -jen.
In Serbia, few pass. adjectives have the regular šć where they don’t in Croatia: one
of them is korišćen. However, forms with šć are also used colloquially in parts of
Croatia, including pass. adjectives that have št in Standard Serbian, so you’ll
occasionally hear pušćen and others.
• Exercise
Fill in the right forms of adjectives and other words:
Trgovina je ______________(a). The shop is open.
Vino je ________________(b). The wine is drunk.
Vrata su ________________(c). The door is closed.
Paket je ________________(d). The package is sent.
Kocka je ____________(e). The dice is thrown.
Poruka nije ________________(f). The message is not received.
Hrana je ____(g) ________________(h) kutiji. The food is in a closed box.
Računi ________(i) ____________(j). The bills aren’t paid.
Check answers here.