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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 34 Stressed Pronouns 196 / 60034 Stressed PronounsBesides the forms of pronouns we have already learned, there are additional,stressed forms of pronouns. They can be placed to any position in the sentence.They are mostly optional, used when you want to emphasize them; however, theymust be used with prepositions and conjunctions. Their forms are similar to theregular, ‘unstressed’ pronouns, but usually a bit longer:1st & 2nd pers. pronouns in singularperson N A, G DL1st ja mene meni2nd ti tebe tebirefl. — sebe sebiBear in mind that Croatian completely distinguishes 2nd person singular and plural,while English has just you for both.This example will illustrate their use when stressing objects:Ana N čeka mene A . Ana is waiting for me.You cannot join an unstressed pronoun and another word with e.g. conjunction i¨and – stressed pronouns must be used:Vidim tebe A i Anu A . I see you and Ana.Despite the second position of tebe in the sentence above, the unstressed te²cannot be used, since it cannot be joined with i¨ and with anything else.When using stressed pronouns (which is not the default option in speech andwriting!) the order of words is more like English:Želim vidjeti tebe A . I want to see you. ®There’s the curious third row: A sebe, DL sebi, marked as reflexive. The word sebe isthe emphasized form of se². However, you cannot emphasize every se²: you canemphasize it only when used in a specific meaning. Consider these sentences:(1) Brijem se. I’m shaving.(2) Oni N se vole. They love each other.(3) Juha N se kuha. The soup is cooking. ®(4) Vraćam se. I’m coming back.(5) Zovem se Igor N . My name is Igor.(6) Igram se. I’m playing.(7) Bojim se. I’m afraid.You can emphasize only the se² in the sentence #1, not in others:brijatizvatibojati se
Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 34 Stressed Pronouns 197 / 600(1) Brijem sebe A . I’m shaving myself.brijatiThere’s a simple test to decide what you can emphasize: it can be done if you canuse myself and not you (or herself and not him, etc.) in English sentence. Forexample, if you accidentally called yourself over the phone (e.g. your mobile phone),you can emphasize it:Zvao sam sebe A ! I called myself! (or dialed)To put it simply, you can emphasize se² as sebe only if someone is really doingsomething to themselves – e.g. shaving, washing and so on. Such use of se² issometimes called true reflexive.In other words, sebe never shifts the meaning, where se² does shift the meaning ofsome verbs. For example:Zabavljam se. I’m having fun.Zabavljam sebe A . I’m entertaining myself.The form sebe must be used when prepositions, adverbs and conjunctions areinvolved. For example, with the adverb (iz)van outside there’s an often used phrase:(iz)van sebe pred. furious, mad, freaking outThis implies extreme excitation, you can be (iz)van sebe because you’re reallyhappy, but most often it just means you’re really angry:Goran N je bio van sebe G . Goran was freaking out.Such small phrases that can be used only with the verb biti (je² +) be are sometimescalled predicatives, abbreviated as pred.Like other stressed forms, sebe must be used when you want to want to addsomething to the object, e.g. use i¨ and. It also must be used whenever you refer tosubject and need the genitive case:Bojao se sebe G . He was afraid of himself.In the last sentence, the se² is the particle, and sebe is the object in genitive.What about the DL sebi? It’s used when you send something to yourself, and withprepositions. There’s a matching unstressed form si²:Pišem si DL poruku A . I’m writing a message to myself. ®pisatiUnlike svoj, this form is never replaced colloquially by mi² or like.I’ve emphasized more than once that possession of body parts (and clothes worn,etc.) is normally implied, and when they don’t belong to the subject, a possessor inDL is usually added. In western regions of Croatia, especially in parts of Istria andthe Zagreb region, you’ll sometimes hear that even when a body part or a piece ofclothing belongs to the subject, a DL possession is nevertheless expressed by si² –which is exactly the same construction as in German:
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Easy Croatian© Daniel N. 2009-2019
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ContentsIntroduction 601 Alphabet a
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84 Western Urban Speech 46785 Small
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Introducon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 01 Alphabe
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 02 Simples
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 02 Simples
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 03 Objects
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 04 No, Oen
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 04 No, Oen
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 05 Accusav
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 06 Desnaon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 07 Verbs w
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 08 Weather
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 08 Weather
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 09 Numbers
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 09 Numbers
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 10 Gender
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 11 Colors,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 12 Simple
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 13 She Lov
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 14 My and
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 15 Locaons
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 16 Giving
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 17 Adjecve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 17 Adjecve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 18 This an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 19 Your, A
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 20 At My F
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 20 At My F
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 21 Origins
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 22 Here I
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 23 I’m C
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 24 Past Te
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Page 145 and 146: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 25 Plural
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Page 163 and 164: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 28 Asking
Page 175 and 176: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 30 Three B
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Page 179 and 180: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 31 First,
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Page 189 and 190: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 33 School
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Page 213 and 214: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 37 Complet
Page 221 and 222: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 38 Needs,
Page 229 and 230: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 39 Would,
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Page 233 and 234: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 40 Future
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 42 Come In
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 42 Come In
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 43 And, Or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 44 Genive
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 45 Quanes
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 46 More th
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 46 More th
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 47 Of Flow
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 48 Wholes,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 49 For 7 H
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 50 Because
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 50 Because
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 51 For Day
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 51 For Day
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 52 Stand,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 54 When, W
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 55 More Pr
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 55 More Pr
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 56 Desires
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 57 Whose,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 57 Whose,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 58 Colloqu
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 59 Knowing
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 60 More Us
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 61 Cake is
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 61 Cake is
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 62 The Fri
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 63 Bigger
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 64 The Doo
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 65 Carry,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 66 Smoking
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 67 Only, E
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 68 Three M
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 69 Memorie
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 70 If I We
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 70 If I We
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 71 Suggeso
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 72 Address
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 72 Address
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 73 Learnin
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 74 It Just
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 74 It Just
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 75 Friends
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 75 Friends
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 76 Inner,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 77 As If:
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 78 Dijete
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 79 You’r
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 79 You’r
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 80 Present
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 80 Present
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 81 Sneeze
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 82 Visible
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 82 Visible
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 83 Depth a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 83 Depth a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 84 Western
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 85 Small a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 85 Small a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 86 More Ve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 86 More Ve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 87 Player,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 88 Weird W
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 88 Weird W
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 89 Customs
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 90 Number-
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 90 Number-
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 91 Taboo W
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 99 Aorist
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 99 Aorist
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A1 Nouns a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A1 Nouns a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A3 Verbs 5
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A5 Word Or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A5 Word Or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A7 Stress
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A7 Stress
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A8 Dialect
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A9 Bosnian
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L1 Common
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L2 Countri
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L2 Countri
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L3 Cies an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L3 Cies an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Core Dicon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Index 597
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Keys to Ex
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