EasyCroatian_r47.an

Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 33 School Yard and Bunk Bed: Relaons 190 / 600
pronunciation:
Banja Luka → banjalučki New York → njujorški
(You will also see mixed spellings, e.g. newyorški.) You can find adjectives derived
from countries in L2 Countries and Nationalities, and adjectives derived from cities
and towns in L3 Cities and Towns.
Country adjectives (many of which are used as country names) such as danski
Danish, irski Irish etc. are also historically derived with the suffix -ski.
Recall, words like Hrvatska Croatia or Njemačka Germany are already adjectives,
just used as nouns – there’s no need to make adjectives from them.
All countries and cities derive relational adjectives by -ski (unless they are already
adjectives) – but, generally, not all words do. Many words add -ni instead, and
there’s no real rule which noun uses what ending, as you can see for adjectives
derived from seasons – you have to remember it:
jesen f autumn → jesenski
zima winter → zimski
proljeće spring → proljetni ®
ljeto summer → ljetni
Common adjectives that are derived with -ni are:
cvijet flower → cvjetni
kiša rain → kišni
kuća house → kućni
ljubav f love → ljubavni
osoba person → osobni ®
rad work → radni
rat war → ratni
soba room → sobni
stol table, desk → stolni ®
voće fruit(s) → voćni
vrt garden → vrtni
zid wall → zidni
Observe that adjective cvjetni has just je instead of ije. Consonants change before
this ending, e.g. k or c → č and so on, as in these examples:
brak marriage → bračni
krug circle → kružni
mlijeko milk → mliječni
ruka hand → ručni
noga leg → nožni
oko eye → očni
trbuh belly → trbušni
ulica street → ulični
(English has specific adjectives personal, marital and circular, but there’s no specific
adjective for many other nouns in English, e.g. hand is simply used as an adjective in
hand brake. English usually has specific adjectives if a noun is of French or Latin
origin, since these two languages have specific adjectives). Adjectives derived from
cardinal directions also follow this pattern:
sjeverni northern
zapadni western
istočni eastern
južni southern
A few adjectives in -ni have specific meanings; the most common one is:
glava head → glavni main