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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 17 Adjecves in Dave/Locave 100 / 60017 Adjectives in Dative/LocativeIf we want to use adjectives with nouns in dative/locative (DL), we must put them tothe DL form as well. Their endings are quite simple, but really different from thenoun endings:gender adj. DL examplefem. -ojvelikoj ribibig fishvelikom jezeruneut.-om big lake(some -em) velikom zidumasc.big wallAs I wrote before – there’s no difference between the two masculine genders (onefor people and animals, one for others) – it applies to accusative only. Actually, inmost cases (N and A are exceptions), there are only two forms of adjectives: one forfeminine gender, another for all others. So, adjective forms are much simpler thanthey could be: you need to remember only two endings for adjectives in DL.For example:Ivan N živi u maloj kući DL . Ivan lives in a small house.Ana N živi u velikom stanu DL . Ana lives in a big apartment.The ending -em applies to adjectives that end in a Croatian-specific letter, in exactlythe same way as in the accusative case, and neuter nominative.As in other cases of adjectives, you’ll see sometimes, in writing, longer endings: -omu, -ome and -emu.®The ending -oj is very specific for fem. DL: if you see it on an adjective, you can bequite sure that it – and the nouns following it – are in DL. Of course, there are fewnouns that end in -oj in N (e.g. broj number, stroj machine, etc.)Like in A, the possessive moj my, besides the expected form mojem in the masc.and neut., has a shortened form mom, which is much more frequent, without anydifference in meaning.Bus and train stations and stops are frequently used locations: terms for them inCroatian combine an adjective (sometimes left out if it’s obvious what kind ofstation it is) and a noun:autobusniʷ¹ adj. bus ®željeznički adj. trainkolodvor station, terminal ®stanica stopThey are always used with the preposition na¨. For instance:
Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 17 Adjecves in Dave/Locave 101 / 600Čekamo na autobusnomʷ¹ kolodvoru DL . We’re waiting at the bus station.The train terminal in Zagreb is called Glavni kolodvor (Main station, again adj. +noun), and a tram stop is tramvajska stanica. Instead of stanica, the word postaja issometimes used, especially in official announcements.We can finally solve the mystery of how to say in Croatia in Croatian! The problem isthat the word Hrvatska is really an adjective. It’s used as a country name, but it stillchanges like an adjective (put to the feminine gender). Therefore, we should say:Ana N živi u Hrvatskoj DL . Ana lives in Croatia.Some other countries that have a name that’s really a (feminine) adjective are:Češka Czech RepublicEngleska EnglandFrancuska FranceGrčka GreeceIrska IrelandMađarska HungaryNizozemska Netherlands ®Njemačka GermanyPoljska PolandŠpanjolska Spain ®Švedska SwedenŠvicarska Switzerland ®For instance:Madrid N je u Španjolskoj DL . Madrid is in Spain.This applies to all country names that end on either -ska, -čka or -ška. Such nounsare historically just shortened forms of e.g. poljska zemlja Polish country. Not allcountries have such names, many behave as normal nouns:Bosna BosniaBrazil BrazilItalija ItalyKina ChinaRusija RussiaSrbija SerbiaCertain place names in Croatia and neighboring countries behave like adjectives,e.g.:Makarska → DL MakarskojNovi Vinodolski → DL Novom VinodolskomOccasionally, a name can consist of two adjectives (e.g. the seaside town NoviVinodolski above).Some countries (and cities!) have names that consist of an adjective + a noun. Eachwill get specific endings. Such names are e.g. Crna Gora Montenegro and VelikaGorica, a city next to Zagreb:Ivana N je u Velikoj Gorici DL . Ivana is in Velika Gorica.Predrag N živi u Crnoj Gori DL . Predrag lives in Montenegro.Names of lakes, seas and oceans in Croatian are also often made of an adjectiveand a noun:Jadransko more Adriatic sea → u Jadranskom moru
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 17 Adjecves in Dave/Locave 100 / 600
17 Adjectives in Dative/Locative
If we want to use adjectives with nouns in dative/locative (DL), we must put them to
the DL form as well. Their endings are quite simple, but really different from the
noun endings:
gender adj. DL example
fem. -oj
velikoj ribi
big fish
velikom jezeru
neut.
-om big lake
(some -em) velikom zidu
masc.
big wall
As I wrote before – there’s no difference between the two masculine genders (one
for people and animals, one for others) – it applies to accusative only. Actually, in
most cases (N and A are exceptions), there are only two forms of adjectives: one for
feminine gender, another for all others. So, adjective forms are much simpler than
they could be: you need to remember only two endings for adjectives in DL.
For example:
Ivan N živi u maloj kući DL . Ivan lives in a small house.
Ana N živi u velikom stanu DL . Ana lives in a big apartment.
The ending -em applies to adjectives that end in a Croatian-specific letter, in exactly
the same way as in the accusative case, and neuter nominative.
As in other cases of adjectives, you’ll see sometimes, in writing, longer endings: -
omu, -ome and -emu.®
The ending -oj is very specific for fem. DL: if you see it on an adjective, you can be
quite sure that it – and the nouns following it – are in DL. Of course, there are few
nouns that end in -oj in N (e.g. broj number, stroj machine, etc.)
Like in A, the possessive moj my, besides the expected form mojem in the masc.
and neut., has a shortened form mom, which is much more frequent, without any
difference in meaning.
Bus and train stations and stops are frequently used locations: terms for them in
Croatian combine an adjective (sometimes left out if it’s obvious what kind of
station it is) and a noun:
autobusniʷ¹ adj. bus ®
željeznički adj. train
kolodvor station, terminal ®
stanica stop
They are always used with the preposition na¨. For instance:
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